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ULPING-Based Titanium Oxide as a New Cathode Material for Zn-Ion Batteries 基于 ULPING 的氧化钛作为锌-离子电池的新型阴极材料
IF 3.4 3区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.3390/coatings14091163
Suben Sri Shiam, Jyotisman Rath, Eduardo Gutiérrez Vera, Amirkianoosh Kiani
The need for alternative energy storage options beyond lithium-ion batteries is critical due to their high costs, resource scarcity, and environmental concerns. Zinc-ion batteries offer a promising solution, given zinc’s abundance, cost effectiveness, and safety, particularly its compatibility with non-flammable aqueous electrolytes. In this study, the potential of laser-ablation-based titanium oxide as a novel cathode material for zinc-ion batteries was investigated. The ultra-short laser pulses for in situ nanostructure generation (ULPING) technique was employed to generate nanostructured titanium oxide. This laser ablation process produced highly porous nanostructures, enhancing the electrochemical performance of the electrodes. Zinc and titanium oxide samples were evaluated using two-electrode and three-electrode setups, with cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) techniques. Optimal cathode materials were identified in the Ti-5W (laser ablated twice) and Ti-10W (laser ablated ten times) samples, which demonstrated excellent charge capacity and energy density. The Ti-10W sample exhibited superior long-term performance due to its highly porous nanostructures, improving ion diffusion and electron transport. The potential of laser-ablated titanium oxide as a high-performance cathode material for zinc-ion batteries was highlighted, emphasizing the importance of further research to optimize laser parameters and enhance the stability and scalability of these electrodes.
由于锂离子电池成本高昂、资源稀缺和环境问题,人们迫切需要锂离子电池以外的替代能源存储方案。锌离子电池提供了一种前景广阔的解决方案,因为锌资源丰富、成本效益高且安全,特别是与不易燃的水性电解质兼容。本研究调查了基于激光烧蚀的氧化钛作为锌离子电池新型阴极材料的潜力。研究采用了超短激光脉冲原位纳米结构生成(ULPING)技术来生成纳米结构的氧化钛。这种激光烧蚀过程产生了高多孔性纳米结构,从而提高了电极的电化学性能。利用双电极和三电极设置、循环伏安法 (CV)、电化学阻抗谱 (EIS) 和电静态充放电 (GCD) 技术对锌和氧化钛样品进行了评估。在 Ti-5W (激光烧蚀两次)和 Ti-10W(激光烧蚀十次)样品中确定了最佳阴极材料,这两种材料显示出卓越的电荷容量和能量密度。Ti-10W 样品的多孔纳米结构改善了离子扩散和电子传输,因此表现出卓越的长期性能。激光烧蚀氧化钛作为锌离子电池高性能阴极材料的潜力得到了突显,强调了进一步研究优化激光参数、提高这些电极的稳定性和可扩展性的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Electrosprayed Chitosan Nanospheres-Based Films: Evaluating the Effect of Molecular Weight on Physicochemical Properties 电喷雾壳聚糖纳米球薄膜:评估分子量对理化性质的影响
IF 3.4 3区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.3390/coatings14091159
Bruna Farias, Francisca Rizzi, Rafael Gerhardt, Eduardo Ribeiro, Daiane Dias, Tito Roberto Cadaval, Luiz Antonio Pinto
This study explores the effect of chitosan molecular weight on the formation of chitosan-based films by electrospraying process. The oxidative pathway was employed in chitosan with 220.1 kDa to obtain samples with 124.5 and 52.7 kDa. Both samples of depolymerized chitosan resulted in spheres within electrosprayed chitosan-based films due to a higher deacetylation degree (~85%). The increase in molecular weight (52.7 to 124.5 kDa) resulted in nanospheres (562 nm) within electrosprayed chitosan-based films, enhancing the surface area-to-volume ratio of the material. The electrospraying process maintained the structural integrity and thermal stability of all chitosan-based films while reducing their crystallinity. These findings highlight the impact of chitosan properties, particularly molecular weight, on the physicochemical characteristics of electrosprayed chitosan-based films. For instance, this work provides insights for the application of electrosprayed chitosan-based films in various fields.
本研究探讨了壳聚糖分子量对电喷法形成壳聚糖薄膜的影响。采用氧化途径对 220.1 kDa 的壳聚糖进行解聚,得到 124.5 和 52.7 kDa 的样品。由于脱乙酰度较高(约 85%),两种解聚壳聚糖样品在电喷雾壳聚糖薄膜中都形成了球状。分子量的增加(从 52.7 kDa 到 124.5 kDa)在电喷雾壳聚糖薄膜中形成了纳米球(562 nm),提高了材料的表面积与体积比。电喷过程保持了所有壳聚糖薄膜的结构完整性和热稳定性,同时降低了它们的结晶度。这些发现凸显了壳聚糖特性(尤其是分子量)对电喷雾壳聚糖薄膜理化特性的影响。例如,这项工作为电喷雾壳聚糖薄膜在各个领域的应用提供了启示。
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引用次数: 0
Integration of Self-Assembled Monolayers for Cobalt/Porous Low-k Interconnects 钴/多孔低 k 互连的自组装单层膜集成
IF 3.4 3区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.3390/coatings14091162
Yi-Lung Cheng, Joe Kao, Hao-Wei Zhang, Bo-Jie Liao, Giin-Shan Chen, Jau-Shiung Fang
The integration of self-assembled monolayers (SAM) into cobalt (Co)/porous low-dielectric-constant (low-k) dielectric interconnects is studied in terms of electrical characteristics and reliability in this work. Experimental results indicated that SAM derived from 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) improved breakdown field, time-dependent dielectric breakdown, and adhesion for Co/porous low-k integrated interconnects. However, the improvement magnitude was not large as compared to SAM in the Cu/porous low-k integration. Therefore, the integration of SAM into Co/porous low-k interconnects has a positive effect; however, in order to further promote the efficiency of SAM for Co/porous low-k interconnects, the option of precursors for the growth of SAM is required.
本文从电气特性和可靠性的角度研究了将自组装单层膜(SAM)集成到钴(Co)/多孔低介电常数(low-k)介质互连器件中的问题。实验结果表明,源自 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) 的 SAM 改善了钴/多孔低介电常数集成互连器件的击穿场强、随时间变化的介电击穿和附着力。然而,与铜/多孔低 k 集成中的 SAM 相比,改善幅度并不大。因此,在钴/多孔低烷基互连器件中集成 SAM 有积极的作用;但是,为了进一步提高钴/多孔低烷基互连器件中 SAM 的效率,需要选择用于 SAM 生长的前驱体。
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引用次数: 0
Removal of Remazol Red Dyes Using Zeolites-Loaded Nanofibre Coated on Fabric Substrates 利用涂覆在织物基底上的沸石负载纳米纤维去除雷马佐红色染料
IF 3.4 3区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS Pub Date : 2024-09-08 DOI: 10.3390/coatings14091155
Siddratul Sarah binti Mohd Hami, Nor Dalila Nor Affandi, Liliana Indrie, Ahmad Mukifza Harun
Nanofibre-based membranes have shown great potential for removing textile wastewater due to their high porosity and surface area. However, nanofibre membranes exhibit lower dye removal efficiency. Hence, this study aims to improve the dye removal performance of nanofibre membranes by incorporating zeolites. The research involved fabricating composite membranes by electrospinning polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibres incorporated with zeolites. Mechanical strength was enhanced by placing the PVA/zeolite nanofibre membrane between fusible nonwoven interfacing and woven polyester fabric, followed by heat treatment. Morphological analysis revealed the uniform dispersion of zeolite particles within the PVA nanofibres. EDX analysis confirmed the successful incorporation of zeolites into the fibres. Among all membrane samples, the PZ-0.75 membrane exhibited the highest pure water flux (PWF) with approximately 1358.57 L·m−2·min−1 for distilled water and 499.85 L·m−2·min−1 for batik wastewater. Turbidity of batik wastewater increased proportionally with zeolite concentration, with removal rates of 84.79%, 78.8%, 76.96%, and 74.19% for PZ-0.75, PZ-0.5, PZ-0.25, and PVA membranes, respectively. Furthermore, the UV/Vis spectrophotometer demonstrated that dye removal efficiency increased from 2.22% to 8.89% as the zeolite concentration increased from 0% to 0.75%. In addition, the PZ-0.75 membrane effectively removed RR dye at a concentration of 1 mg/L, with an optimal contact time of approximately 60 min. The adsorption mechanism of the PZ-0.75 membrane aligns with the Freundlich model, with an R2 value of 0.983. Overall, this study demonstrates the efficiency of zeolite in the fabric substrates to improve the filtration and adsorption properties for wastewater treatment, particularly in textile industries.
纳米纤维膜具有高孔隙率和表面积,因此在去除纺织废水方面具有巨大潜力。然而,纳米纤维膜的染料去除效率较低。因此,本研究旨在通过加入沸石来提高纳米纤维膜的染料去除性能。研究内容包括通过电纺聚乙烯醇(PVA)纳米纤维和沸石来制造复合膜。通过将 PVA/沸石纳米纤维膜置于可熔无纺布界面和编织聚酯织物之间,然后进行热处理,增强了机械强度。形态分析表明,沸石颗粒均匀地分散在 PVA 纳米纤维中。EDX 分析证实沸石成功地融入了纤维中。在所有膜样品中,PZ-0.75 膜的纯水通量(PWF)最高,蒸馏水的纯水通量约为 1358.57 L-m-2-min-1,蜡染废水的纯水通量约为 499.85 L-m-2-min-1。蜡染废水的浊度随沸石浓度的增加而成正比增加,PZ-0.75、PZ-0.5、PZ-0.25 和 PVA 膜的去除率分别为 84.79%、78.8%、76.96% 和 74.19%。此外,紫外/可见分光光度计显示,随着沸石浓度从 0% 增加到 0.75%,染料去除率从 2.22% 增加到 8.89%。此外,PZ-0.75 膜能有效去除浓度为 1 mg/L 的 RR 染料,最佳接触时间约为 60 分钟。PZ-0.75 膜的吸附机制与 Freundlich 模型一致,R2 值为 0.983。总之,这项研究证明了织物基材中的沸石可以有效改善废水处理的过滤和吸附性能,特别是在纺织行业。
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引用次数: 0
Microstructure and Tribological Properties of WC/Ni-MoS2 Titanium-Based Composite Coating on TC4 TC4 上 WC/Ni-MoS2 钛基复合涂层的微观结构和摩擦学特性
IF 3.4 3区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS Pub Date : 2024-09-08 DOI: 10.3390/coatings14091157
Changhao Wang, Xiaohui Yan, Tiangang Zhang, Qiyu Zhang, Zhiqiang Zhang
To improve the mechanical properties of a TC4 surface, TC4 + Ni-MoS2 + xWC (x = 5%, 10% and 15% wt.%) composite coatings were prepared by the coaxial feeding laser cladding technique, and the effect of the WC content on the microstructure and tribological properties of the coatings were investigated using multiple characterization methods. The results indicated that increasing the WC content negatively impacted the forming quality of the coating, but did not change the coating phase which predominantly comprised Ti2Ni, Ti2S, TiC, matrix β-Ti and residual WC. With the addition of WC, TiC exhibited an increase in both quantity and particle size, accompanied by a transition in growth morphology from spherical to petal-like. MoS2 completely dissolved in all coatings and the S element provided by it effectively synthesized a strip-like phase Ti2S which presented a morphology similar to the lubricating phase TiS in the Ti-based melt pool system. The microhardness and wear-resistance of all the coatings were higher than that of TC4 and gradually improved with the addition of WC, which indicated that raising the WC content was conducive to enhancing the mechanical properties of the coatings. The friction coefficient of TC4 was lower than that of the three WC content coatings, indicating that Ti2S was not the lubricating phase. The wear mechanism of all coatings was abrasive wear.
为了改善 TC4 表面的机械性能,采用同轴进给激光熔覆技术制备了 TC4 + Ni-MoS2 + xWC(x = 5%、10% 和 15% wt.%)复合涂层,并使用多种表征方法研究了 WC 含量对涂层微观结构和摩擦学性能的影响。结果表明,增加 WC 含量会对涂层的成形质量产生负面影响,但不会改变涂层相,涂层相主要由 Ti2Ni、Ti2S、TiC、基体 β-Ti 和残余 WC 组成。随着 WC 的加入,TiC 的数量和粒度都有所增加,同时生长形态也从球形转变为花瓣状。MoS2 完全溶解在所有涂层中,其提供的 S 元素有效地合成了条状相 Ti2S,其形态与钛基熔池体系中的润滑相 TiS 相似。所有涂层的显微硬度和耐磨性均高于 TC4,并随着 WC 的添加而逐渐提高,这表明提高 WC 的含量有利于增强涂层的机械性能。TC4 的摩擦系数低于三种 WC 含量的涂层,表明 Ti2S 不是润滑相。所有涂层的磨损机制都是磨料磨损。
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引用次数: 0
Study of Properties of Water-Dispersion Paint and Varnish Compositions with the Content of Modified Mineral Filler 含改性矿物填料的水分散涂料和清漆成分的性能研究
IF 3.4 3区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS Pub Date : 2024-09-08 DOI: 10.3390/coatings14091154
Ruslan E. Nurlybayev, Erzhan I. Kuldeyev, Zaure N. Altayeva, Zhanar O. Zhumadilova, Axaya S. Yestemessova, Yelzhan S. Orynbekov
This article presents the results of research work devoted to improving the characteristics of paint and varnish coatings based on aqueous dispersions of polyacrylates; it is proposed to modify them by introducing mineral raw materials as fillers and hydrated lime, with subsequent processing in a vortex layer apparatus. The introduction of activated diatomite does not cause the deterioration of covering power, adhesion or an increase in the porosity of the paint material. The modification of coatings contributes to an increase in their operational properties, which can be associated with a reduction in the free volume in the composite and the formation of polymer boundary layers with modified physical and chemical properties. The aim of this study is to obtain a water-dispersion paint and varnish composition containing modified diatomite on a polyacrylate basis and, subsequently, study its main physical and mechanical parameters. The work has been carried out by the following method: determination of porosity, adhesion, elasticity and covering power of the control composition; determination of porosity, adhesion, elasticity and covering power of the obtained composites using modified filler; investigation of the influence of radiation on the infrared spectrum of the paint coating surface using a FLIRB620 thermal imager. As a result of this research work, it was noticed that the modification of water dispersions with silica-activated diatomite helps to eliminate the main disadvantages of materials and coatings based on acrylate binders—low water resistance and low physical and mechanical characteristics. The introduction of modified diatomite into water-emulsion paint on an acrylate base does not lead to the deterioration of the main performance characteristics of paint coatings—porosity, adhesion, elasticity and covering.
本文介绍了致力于改善基于聚丙烯酸酯水分散体的油漆和清漆涂料特性的研究成果;建议通过引入矿物原料作为填料和熟石灰,并在涡流层装置中进行后续处理,对其进行改性。引入活性硅藻土不会导致遮盖力和附着力下降,也不会增加涂料的孔隙率。涂料的改性有助于提高其操作性能,这可能与复合材料中自由体积的减少以及具有改性物理和化学特性的聚合物边界层的形成有关。本研究的目的是在聚丙烯酸酯的基础上获得一种含有改性硅藻土的水分散涂料和清漆组合物,并随后研究其主要物理和机械参数。这项工作是通过以下方法进行的:测定对照组合物的孔隙率、附着力、弹性和遮盖力;测定使用改性填料获得的复合材料的孔隙率、附着力、弹性和遮盖力;使用 FLIRB620 热成像仪调查辐射对油漆涂层表面红外光谱的影响。研究结果表明,用硅活性硅藻土改性水分散体有助于消除基于丙烯酸酯粘合剂的材料和涂料的主要缺点--低耐水性和低物理机械特性。在以丙烯酸酯为基料的水乳涂料中引入改性硅藻土不会导致涂料的主要性能特征(孔隙率、附着力、弹性和遮盖力)恶化。
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引用次数: 0
Preparation of Robust Superhydrophobic Coatings Using Hydrophobic and Tough Micro/Nano Particles 利用疏水性和韧性微/纳米粒子制备坚固的超疏水涂层
IF 3.4 3区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS Pub Date : 2024-09-08 DOI: 10.3390/coatings14091156
Tianyi Feng, Yifan Liu, Siyan Ye, Liping Sheng, Binrui Wu, Lingcai Huang
Superhydrophobic nanocomposite coatings, prepared using adhesive and fillers, offer advantages including ease of fabrication and suitability for large-scale applications, but compared with other types of artificial superhydrophobic surfaces, poor durability still limits these surfaces from practical applications. The utilization of micro/nanoscale particles with both intrinsic hydrophobicity and robust mechanical properties to prepare coatings should significantly contribute to enhanced durability. Herein, rough and hydrophobic particles with micro/nano hierarchical structures were prepared at first, and robust superhydrophobic surfaces were fabricated using the prepared particles and additional nanoparticles. The initially prepared particles formed a rough framework of the coating, while additional nanoparticles provided inevitable nanoscale structures. A series of mechanical tests were carried out to validate the durability, and the surface with 20 wt.% NPs exhibited the best performance, withstanding 30 tape peeling tests, a 2.47 m sandpaper rubbing test (at a pressure of 5 kPa), the impact of 200 g of grit dropped from a height of 20 cm, and a 2 h acidic immersion. These appealing materials may attract attention for self-cleaning, anti-icing, and anti-fouling applications in the coatings industry.
使用粘合剂和填料制备的超疏水纳米复合涂层具有易于制造和适合大规模应用等优点,但与其他类型的人工超疏水表面相比,较差的耐久性仍然限制了这些表面的实际应用。利用具有内在疏水性和强大机械性能的微米/纳米级颗粒制备涂层,应能显著提高耐久性。本文首先制备了具有微/纳米分层结构的粗糙疏水颗粒,然后利用制备的颗粒和额外的纳米颗粒制作了坚固的超疏水表面。最初制备的颗粒形成了涂层的粗糙框架,而额外的纳米颗粒则提供了不可避免的纳米级结构。为了验证涂层的耐久性,我们进行了一系列机械测试,结果表明含有 20 wt.% 纳米粒子的表面性能最佳,能经受 30 次胶带剥离测试、2.47 米砂纸摩擦测试(压力为 5 kPa)、200 克砂砾从 20 厘米高处掉落的冲击以及 2 小时的酸性浸泡。这些吸引人的材料可能会在涂料工业的自清洁、防结冰和防污应用中引起关注。
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引用次数: 0
Fatty Imidazolines as a Green Corrosion Inhibitor of Bronze Exposed to Acid Rain 脂肪咪唑类化合物作为青铜在酸雨中的绿色缓蚀剂
IF 3.4 3区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.3390/coatings14091152
Ian Didiere Vázquez-Aguirre, Alvaro Torres-Islas, Edna Vázquez-Vélez, Horacio Martínez, Adrián del Pozo-Mares, Ave María Cotero-Villegas
Acid rain is one of the primary corrosive agents on bronze exposed to the atmosphere. Bronze naturally forms a layer of oxides on its surface called patina, protecting it from corrosion. However, when exposed to acid rain, this layer dissolves, making it necessary to use a corrosion inhibitor or stabilize the patina. This study investigated fatty imidazolines derived from agro-industrial waste bran as a corrosion inhibitor of SAE-62 bronze in simulated acid rain (pH of 4.16 ± 0.1). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization curve (PC) measurements were used to evaluate corrosion inhibition efficiency, which was 90% for an inhibitor concentration of 50 ppm. The EIS measurements showed that the fatty imidazolines formed a protective film that stabilized the patina on the bronze surface to a certain extent by hindering the charge transfer process. SEM–EDS analyzed the morphology and composition of the protective oxide layer. The results were complemented by Raman spectroscopy and XRD analysis, indicating cuprite, tenorite, cassiterite, and covellite in the patina layer formed on the bronze surface. The SEM analysis showed that the protective coating on the bronze surface was homogeneous using a 50-ppm inhibitor concentration. The XRD analysis suggested the presence of an organic complex that stabilizes the corrosion products formed on the bronze surface.
酸雨是青铜暴露在大气中的主要腐蚀剂之一。青铜表面会自然形成一层称为铜锈的氧化物,保护青铜免受腐蚀。然而,当暴露在酸雨中时,这层氧化物就会溶解,因此有必要使用缓蚀剂或稳定铜绿。本研究调查了在模拟酸雨(pH 值为 4.16 ± 0.1)中作为 SAE-62 青铜缓蚀剂的从农用工业废糠中提取的脂肪咪唑啉。电化学阻抗光谱(EIS)和电位极化曲线(PC)测量用于评估缓蚀效率,当缓蚀剂浓度为 50 ppm 时,缓蚀效率为 90%。EIS 测量结果表明,脂肪咪唑类化合物形成了一层保护膜,通过阻碍电荷转移过程在一定程度上稳定了青铜表面的铜绿。SEM-EDS 分析了保护氧化层的形态和组成。拉曼光谱和 XRD 分析对结果进行了补充,表明在青铜表面形成的铜绿层中含有铜绿石、钛铁矿、锡石和钴铁矿。扫描电镜分析表明,使用 50ppm 浓度的抑制剂时,青铜表面的保护层是均匀的。XRD 分析表明,存在一种有机复合物,可稳定青铜表面形成的腐蚀产物。
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引用次数: 0
Coating of Refractory Surfaces with Fine TiO2 Particles via Gas-Dynamic Cold Spraying 通过气体动力冷喷法在耐火材料表面镀上细小的二氧化钛颗粒
IF 3.4 3区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.3390/coatings14091151
Olha Aleksieieva, Mustafa Bozoglu, Pavlo Tretiakov, Andrii Toporov, Sergiy Antonyuk
Refractory materials are used worldwide in process equipment. However, gaseous and liquid process products penetrate the surface layer and deep into the volume of refractories, destroying rather expensive constructions that are complicated to repair. To address this challenge, there is a need to develop protective coatings for refractory materials that can limit the penetration of working media and extend their operational lifespan. In this work, the application of gas-dynamic cold spraying (CGDS) to produce a coating on the refractory materials using fine titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles is explored. These particles are accelerated within a nitrogen flow, passing through a Laval nozzle, and then sprayed onto a fireclay surface. The mechanisms of particle deposition and layer formation on porous surfaces through experiments and numerical simulations were investigated. The geometry of a typical refractory pore was determined, which was then incorporated into computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to model the cold spraying process of porous substrates. As a result, the influence of the particle size on its velocity and angle of penetration into pores was established. Experimental findings demonstrate the effective closure of pores and the formation of a particle layer on the refractory surface. Furthermore, the nanoindentation tests for the refractory samples showcase capabilities for checking coating thickness for porous materials.
耐火材料被广泛应用于世界各地的加工设备中。然而,气态和液态加工产品会渗透到耐火材料的表层和内部深处,从而破坏昂贵的耐火材料结构,而且维修起来也很复杂。为了应对这一挑战,有必要为耐火材料开发保护涂层,以限制工作介质的渗透,延长耐火材料的使用寿命。在这项研究中,我们探讨了如何应用气体动力冷喷涂(CGDS)技术,利用细小的二氧化钛(TiO2)颗粒在耐火材料上形成涂层。这些颗粒在氮气流中加速,通过拉瓦尔喷嘴,然后喷射到耐火黏土表面。通过实验和数值模拟,研究了颗粒在多孔表面沉积和形成层的机理。确定了典型耐火材料孔隙的几何形状,然后将其纳入计算流体动力学(CFD)模拟,以模拟多孔基底的冷喷涂过程。结果确定了颗粒大小对其进入孔隙的速度和角度的影响。实验结果证明了孔隙的有效闭合以及耐火材料表面颗粒层的形成。此外,耐火材料样品的纳米压痕测试还展示了检查多孔材料涂层厚度的能力。
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引用次数: 0
A Narrative Review: Modification of Bio-Based Wood Adhesive for Performance Improvement 叙述性综述:改性生物基木材粘合剂以提高性能
IF 3.4 3区 材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.3390/coatings14091153
Caizhi Yu, Yi Chen, Renjie Li, Jun Jiang, Xiang Wang
Most traditional adhesives applied in the wood industry are synthetic resins obtained from petroleum. However, the production of these resins raises substantial environmental issues because of formaldehyde release, which leads to detrimental impacts on both human health and the environment. In contrast, bio-based adhesives offer an eco-friendly option that is created by renewable biomass resources. These adhesives can effectively overcome the above problems. Hence, it is crucial to pay more attention to bio-based adhesives. However, the inherent characteristics of the raw materials used in the production of bio-based adhesives result in a number of limitations, including weak bond strength, poor water resistance, and susceptibility to mildew, which restrict their further applications. Most researchers have used physical and chemical methods to modify bio-based adhesives in order to improve their overall performance. The defects of bio-based adhesives, including their limited bond strength, inadequate resistance to water, and vulnerability to mildew, are summarized in this paper, and the investigation of potential modification methods on bio-based adhesives is reviewed. Moreover, we encourage the widespread use of bio-based adhesives in various fields to promote sustainable development due to their eco-friendly characters.
木材工业中使用的大多数传统粘合剂都是从石油中提取的合成树脂。然而,这些树脂在生产过程中会释放甲醛,对人类健康和环境造成不利影响,因此引发了严重的环境问题。相比之下,生物基粘合剂提供了一种由可再生生物质资源制成的环保选择。这些粘合剂可以有效克服上述问题。因此,更多地关注生物基粘合剂至关重要。然而,生产生物基粘合剂所用原材料的固有特性导致了一系列限制,包括粘合强度弱、耐水性差和易发霉,从而限制了其进一步应用。大多数研究人员使用物理和化学方法对生物基粘合剂进行改性,以提高其整体性能。本文总结了生物基粘合剂的缺陷,包括粘合强度有限、耐水性不足和易发霉,并综述了对生物基粘合剂潜在改性方法的研究。此外,由于生物基粘合剂具有生态友好的特性,我们鼓励在各个领域广泛使用生物基粘合剂,以促进可持续发展。
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引用次数: 0
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