T. Jahandarlashaki, A. A. Daloii, H. Shirvani, M. Samadi, E. Arabzadeh
Resistance training is associated with reduced risk of low-grade inflammation related diseases. This study aimed to consider the effect of two methods of resistance training with and without vascular occlusion on changes in some serum cytokines in young non-athlete women. Thirty non-athlete women (20 to 30 years of age) were randomly divided into three groups (n=10 in each): resistance training without vascular occlusion (traditional), resistance training with vascular occlusion, and a control group. Resistance training was conducted three sessions for 8 weeks. In the vascular occlusion group, prior to the main exercise, the proximal part of both thighs was closed with a rubber tourniquet and the resistance exercise was performed with an intensity of 20-30% 1-repetition maximum (1RM) until fatigue. In the group without vascular occlusion, the same exercise were performed with similar intensity (with 70-80% 1RM until fatigue). Serum interleukin (IL)-15, IL-6, and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were measured by ELISA method. One-way ANOVA was employed to compare the changes in the studied variables. The results show that serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α and IL-15 do not have a significant change in groups with and without obstruction (P>0.05). Numerous studies have evaluated the positive effects of vascular occlusion on muscle hypertrophy and strength during rehabilitation. According to the results of the present study, it seems that the use of vascular occlusion exercise has less effect on inflammatory or IL-15.
{"title":"Long-term effects of resistance exercise with and without vascular occlusion on TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-15 secretion in non-athletic women","authors":"T. Jahandarlashaki, A. A. Daloii, H. Shirvani, M. Samadi, E. Arabzadeh","doi":"10.3920/cep220061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3920/cep220061","url":null,"abstract":"Resistance training is associated with reduced risk of low-grade inflammation related diseases. This study aimed to consider the effect of two methods of resistance training with and without vascular occlusion on changes in some serum cytokines in young non-athlete women. Thirty non-athlete women (20 to 30 years of age) were randomly divided into three groups (n=10 in each): resistance training without vascular occlusion (traditional), resistance training with vascular occlusion, and a control group. Resistance training was conducted three sessions for 8 weeks. In the vascular occlusion group, prior to the main exercise, the proximal part of both thighs was closed with a rubber tourniquet and the resistance exercise was performed with an intensity of 20-30% 1-repetition maximum (1RM) until fatigue. In the group without vascular occlusion, the same exercise were performed with similar intensity (with 70-80% 1RM until fatigue). Serum interleukin (IL)-15, IL-6, and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were measured by ELISA method. One-way ANOVA was employed to compare the changes in the studied variables. The results show that serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α and IL-15 do not have a significant change in groups with and without obstruction (P>0.05). Numerous studies have evaluated the positive effects of vascular occlusion on muscle hypertrophy and strength during rehabilitation. According to the results of the present study, it seems that the use of vascular occlusion exercise has less effect on inflammatory or IL-15.","PeriodicalId":10709,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Exercise Physiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87389491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the trial was to determine and compare the effect of Pilates exercises and Bruegger’s exercises in conjunction with low level laser therapy (LLLT) in forward head posture (FHP) associated with temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD). The study was conducted on 30 participants diagnosed with TMD associated with forward head posture. Through randomisation, participants were divided into Pilates (n=15) and Bruegger’s (n=15) exercise groups. LLLT was a common intervention for both the groups. Intervention was given for 3 times a week for 3 weeks. Outcome measures were pain intensity using visual analogue scale (VAS), craniovertebral angle (CVA) using ‘ON Protractor’ software application, range of motion (ROM) of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) using ruler and functional impairment using mandibular function impairment questionnaire (MFIQ) assessed at baseline and 3rd-week post-intervention. A statistically significant difference was noted in pain intensity, ROM of TMJ, CVA and functional impairment with pre- and post-intervention comparison (P<0.001). Between-group analysis showed that Pilates group was better than Bruegger’s exercise group in terms of improving CVA (P<0.001), mouth opening (P<0.01) and reducing functional impairment (P<0.01). However, both the groups were equally effective in in reducing pain intensity (P<0.01). Pilates was better compared to Bruegger’s exercises in reducing functional impairment, improved mouth opening and correcting FHP. Further both the groups were equally effective in reducing pain intensity. Clinical trial registry India: CTRI/2021/09/046969
{"title":"Pilates versus Bruegger’s exercises for forward head posture associated with temporomandibular joint dysfunction","authors":"G. Malode, K. Vijay","doi":"10.3920/cep220055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3920/cep220055","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the trial was to determine and compare the effect of Pilates exercises and Bruegger’s exercises in conjunction with low level laser therapy (LLLT) in forward head posture (FHP) associated with temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD). The study was conducted on 30 participants diagnosed with TMD associated with forward head posture. Through randomisation, participants were divided into Pilates (n=15) and Bruegger’s (n=15) exercise groups. LLLT was a common intervention for both the groups. Intervention was given for 3 times a week for 3 weeks. Outcome measures were pain intensity using visual analogue scale (VAS), craniovertebral angle (CVA) using ‘ON Protractor’ software application, range of motion (ROM) of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) using ruler and functional impairment using mandibular function impairment questionnaire (MFIQ) assessed at baseline and 3rd-week post-intervention. A statistically significant difference was noted in pain intensity, ROM of TMJ, CVA and functional impairment with pre- and post-intervention comparison (P<0.001). Between-group analysis showed that Pilates group was better than Bruegger’s exercise group in terms of improving CVA (P<0.001), mouth opening (P<0.01) and reducing functional impairment (P<0.01). However, both the groups were equally effective in in reducing pain intensity (P<0.01). Pilates was better compared to Bruegger’s exercises in reducing functional impairment, improved mouth opening and correcting FHP. Further both the groups were equally effective in reducing pain intensity. Clinical trial registry India: CTRI/2021/09/046969","PeriodicalId":10709,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Exercise Physiology","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84742798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sugiharto, D. Merawati, H. Susanto, A. Taufiq, A. Pranoto, P. D. Angga
Lifestyle modification based on exercise combined with listening to music is a physiological-therapeutic approach, interesting to study to improve the lipid profile. Considering the lipid profile is the most important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), which will have an impact on increasing morbidity and mortality. This study aims to analyze the physiological response of moderate-intensity exercise by listening to music as a modulator of improving lipid profile in young adult men. This study involved 45 young adult men aged 19-21 years, body mass index 19.5-24.0 kg/m2, and met other criteria that have been determined. Participants were randomly divided into three groups: HIPE (high-intensity exercise, n=15), MIPE (moderate-intensity exercise, n=15), and MIPEM (moderate-intensity exercise + music, n=15). Examination of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (T-C), which is a picture of the lipid profile using the COBAS MIRA system method, was carried out before and after the intervention. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) post hoc test were used to analyse the data. The results showed that there were significant differences in the levels of LDL, HDL, TG, T-C and blood glucose concentrations between the three groups (HIPE, MIPE, and MIPEM) (P<0.05). The results of the Tukey’s HSD post hoc test showed that MIPEM increased HDL concentrations and decreased LDL, TG, T-C and higher blood glucose compared to HIPE and MIPE, which is effective and without causing an increase in cortisol secretion and blood pressure. Therefore, MIPEM deserves to be recommended for a physiologic therapeutic approach as a lipid profile modulator.
{"title":"Physiological response of exercise as modulation of lipid profile in young adults","authors":"Sugiharto, D. Merawati, H. Susanto, A. Taufiq, A. Pranoto, P. D. Angga","doi":"10.3920/cep220056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3920/cep220056","url":null,"abstract":"Lifestyle modification based on exercise combined with listening to music is a physiological-therapeutic approach, interesting to study to improve the lipid profile. Considering the lipid profile is the most important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), which will have an impact on increasing morbidity and mortality. This study aims to analyze the physiological response of moderate-intensity exercise by listening to music as a modulator of improving lipid profile in young adult men. This study involved 45 young adult men aged 19-21 years, body mass index 19.5-24.0 kg/m2, and met other criteria that have been determined. Participants were randomly divided into three groups: HIPE (high-intensity exercise, n=15), MIPE (moderate-intensity exercise, n=15), and MIPEM (moderate-intensity exercise + music, n=15). Examination of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (T-C), which is a picture of the lipid profile using the COBAS MIRA system method, was carried out before and after the intervention. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) post hoc test were used to analyse the data. The results showed that there were significant differences in the levels of LDL, HDL, TG, T-C and blood glucose concentrations between the three groups (HIPE, MIPE, and MIPEM) (P<0.05). The results of the Tukey’s HSD post hoc test showed that MIPEM increased HDL concentrations and decreased LDL, TG, T-C and higher blood glucose compared to HIPE and MIPE, which is effective and without causing an increase in cortisol secretion and blood pressure. Therefore, MIPEM deserves to be recommended for a physiologic therapeutic approach as a lipid profile modulator.","PeriodicalId":10709,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Exercise Physiology","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81811230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aerobic training (AT) and herbal medicine interventions are effective in reducing chronic inflammation and achieving weight loss. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of 10 weeks of AT and hydroalcoholic extract of dill (HED) on tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) concentrations in gastrocnemius muscle and Lee index of obese male rats. Thirty-two obese male Wistar rats were randomly divided into AT (70-80% of maximal oxygen uptake, 5 times/week), HED (300 mg/kg body weight, 3 times/week), AT+HED, and obese control (Ctr), and eight non-obese rats were included in the non-obese control group (NCtr). Lee index was measured before and after 10 weeks of interventions. Also, rats were sacrificed 48 hs after the last intervention session and gastrocnemius muscle was removed to measure protein concentrations of TNF-α, IL-4, and PPARγ. When compared with the pre-intervention period, the Lee index decreased in the AT and AT+HED groups and increased in the NCtr group at the post-intervention period. Also, there was no significant difference between non-obese and obese rats in the concentrations of TNF-α and IL-4, but the AT+HED group showed a higher concentration of TNF-α than the AT group. Furthermore, the expression of PPARγ protein in the HED group was higher than in the Ctr and AT groups. Although we observed the beneficial effects of AT and its combination with HED in reducing the Lee index, we found that the administration of HED compared with AT can provide better protection against some metabolic complications in the skeletal muscles of obese rats caused by a high-fat diet. Lastly, it seems that the AT combined with HED interferes with possible antiinflammatory effects of AT or HED intervention alone.
{"title":"The effect of aerobic training and hydroalcoholic extract of dill on skeletal muscle inflammation in a high-fat diet-induced obesity rat model","authors":"Z. Shafiee-Tabar, M. Saghebjoo, M. Hedayati","doi":"10.3920/cep210029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3920/cep210029","url":null,"abstract":"Aerobic training (AT) and herbal medicine interventions are effective in reducing chronic inflammation and achieving weight loss. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of 10 weeks of AT and hydroalcoholic extract of dill (HED) on tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) concentrations in gastrocnemius muscle and Lee index of obese male rats. Thirty-two obese male Wistar rats were randomly divided into AT (70-80% of maximal oxygen uptake, 5 times/week), HED (300 mg/kg body weight, 3 times/week), AT+HED, and obese control (Ctr), and eight non-obese rats were included in the non-obese control group (NCtr). Lee index was measured before and after 10 weeks of interventions. Also, rats were sacrificed 48 hs after the last intervention session and gastrocnemius muscle was removed to measure protein concentrations of TNF-α, IL-4, and PPARγ. When compared with the pre-intervention period, the Lee index decreased in the AT and AT+HED groups and increased in the NCtr group at the post-intervention period. Also, there was no significant difference between non-obese and obese rats in the concentrations of TNF-α and IL-4, but the AT+HED group showed a higher concentration of TNF-α than the AT group. Furthermore, the expression of PPARγ protein in the HED group was higher than in the Ctr and AT groups. Although we observed the beneficial effects of AT and its combination with HED in reducing the Lee index, we found that the administration of HED compared with AT can provide better protection against some metabolic complications in the skeletal muscles of obese rats caused by a high-fat diet. Lastly, it seems that the AT combined with HED interferes with possible antiinflammatory effects of AT or HED intervention alone.","PeriodicalId":10709,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Exercise Physiology","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82186851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of present study is to compare prone lying and half kneeling external rotator fatigue protocols on the kinetic parameters of external rotators and fatigue index in collegiate overhead athletes. Twenty overhead collegiate male athletes were recruited in this randomised cross-over experimental study design with two different shoulder external rotator fatigue protocols. Subjects were performed with prone lying and half kneeling shoulder external rotation fatigue protocol with a washout period of at least 72 h. Outcome measures like peak force, peak velocity, peak power, average power, and total work were observed in concentric and eccentric contraction and fatigue index was assessed before and after fatigue protocols. Concentric peak force (P=0.001), peak velocity (P<0.001), peak power (P<0.001), average power (P<0.001) and total work (P=0.022) showed significant time difference whereas group difference and time× group interaction was found to be non-significant. Similarly, eccentric peak force (P=0.043), average power (P=0.001) and total work (P=0.032) showed only significant time difference. Prone-lying and half kneeling external rotation fatigue protocols reduces the peak force, peak velocity, peak power and total work in concentric contraction and peak force and total work in eccentric contraction in a similar fashion.
{"title":"Comparison of shoulder external rotation fatigue protocols on kinetic determinants and fatigue index in overhead athletes: a cross over study","authors":"R. Ali, I. Ali, S. Sharma","doi":"10.3920/cep220045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3920/cep220045","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of present study is to compare prone lying and half kneeling external rotator fatigue protocols on the kinetic parameters of external rotators and fatigue index in collegiate overhead athletes. Twenty overhead collegiate male athletes were recruited in this randomised cross-over experimental study design with two different shoulder external rotator fatigue protocols. Subjects were performed with prone lying and half kneeling shoulder external rotation fatigue protocol with a washout period of at least 72 h. Outcome measures like peak force, peak velocity, peak power, average power, and total work were observed in concentric and eccentric contraction and fatigue index was assessed before and after fatigue protocols. Concentric peak force (P=0.001), peak velocity (P<0.001), peak power (P<0.001), average power (P<0.001) and total work (P=0.022) showed significant time difference whereas group difference and time× group interaction was found to be non-significant. Similarly, eccentric peak force (P=0.043), average power (P=0.001) and total work (P=0.032) showed only significant time difference. Prone-lying and half kneeling external rotation fatigue protocols reduces the peak force, peak velocity, peak power and total work in concentric contraction and peak force and total work in eccentric contraction in a similar fashion.","PeriodicalId":10709,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Exercise Physiology","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83792194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. R. Ramis, F. Boeno, D. Pochmann, S. V. Munhoz, A. Mallmann, Alvaro Reischak-Oliveira, V. Elsner
Epigenetic mechanisms such as histone acetylation status mediated by HAT and HDAC2 enzymes play a central role in the pathophysiology, etiology, and progression of hypertension. The anti-inflammatory effects of physical exercise may be related to the modulation of histone acetylation status, which may alter the epigenome, providing therapeutic benefits for hypertensive individuals. To investigate the effects of an exercise training protocol on epigenetic parameters (HAT activities and HDAC2 concentrations), inflammatory markers (interleukin (IL)-10, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and C-reactive protein (CRP)), and cardiopulmonary fitness parameters (VO2peak, ambulatory blood pressure, NOx, endothelin 1 (ET-1), flow-mediated dilation, high density lipoprotein (HDL), and triacylglycerol levels) in treated hypertensive patients. Nine hypertensive patients aged 30-59 years underwent 12 weeks of strength or aerobic exercise 3 times a week. Physical fitness, 24-h blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), flow-mediated vasodilation, blood lipid profile analysis, and biomarkers were assessed before and after the intervention. No alterations were found in epigenetic parameters since HAT activities and HDAC2 concentrations remained unchanged after the intervention. Significant increases were found in VO2peak (pre: 29.1±6.3 and post: 31.5±6.3, P=0.021) and HDL (pre: 41.4±9 and post: 46.8±9.5, P=0.003). Furthermore, a significant reduction was seen in 24-h systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively: (pre: 119.1±5.6 and post: 114.4±4.5, P=0.6; pre: 73.9±4.1 and post: 70.5±4.2, P=0.4) and in CRP (pre: 2.4±1.4; post: 1.2±0.7*, P=0.03). Lastly, no alterations were found in IL-10 and TNF-α. In treated hypertensive individuals undergoing 12 weeks of exercise training VO2peak, 24 h blood pressure, HDL, and CRP improved. However, changes were not found in concentrations and the activity of HDAC2 and HAT, respectively.
{"title":"Exercise reduced the concentration of an inflammatory makers without modulating the levels of epigenetic marker potentially involved in hypertension: a preliminary study","authors":"T. R. Ramis, F. Boeno, D. Pochmann, S. V. Munhoz, A. Mallmann, Alvaro Reischak-Oliveira, V. Elsner","doi":"10.3920/cep220037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3920/cep220037","url":null,"abstract":"Epigenetic mechanisms such as histone acetylation status mediated by HAT and HDAC2 enzymes play a central role in the pathophysiology, etiology, and progression of hypertension. The anti-inflammatory effects of physical exercise may be related to the modulation of histone acetylation status, which may alter the epigenome, providing therapeutic benefits for hypertensive individuals. To investigate the effects of an exercise training protocol on epigenetic parameters (HAT activities and HDAC2 concentrations), inflammatory markers (interleukin (IL)-10, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and C-reactive protein (CRP)), and cardiopulmonary fitness parameters (VO2peak, ambulatory blood pressure, NOx, endothelin 1 (ET-1), flow-mediated dilation, high density lipoprotein (HDL), and triacylglycerol levels) in treated hypertensive patients. Nine hypertensive patients aged 30-59 years underwent 12 weeks of strength or aerobic exercise 3 times a week. Physical fitness, 24-h blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), flow-mediated vasodilation, blood lipid profile analysis, and biomarkers were assessed before and after the intervention. No alterations were found in epigenetic parameters since HAT activities and HDAC2 concentrations remained unchanged after the intervention. Significant increases were found in VO2peak (pre: 29.1±6.3 and post: 31.5±6.3, P=0.021) and HDL (pre: 41.4±9 and post: 46.8±9.5, P=0.003). Furthermore, a significant reduction was seen in 24-h systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively: (pre: 119.1±5.6 and post: 114.4±4.5, P=0.6; pre: 73.9±4.1 and post: 70.5±4.2, P=0.4) and in CRP (pre: 2.4±1.4; post: 1.2±0.7*, P=0.03). Lastly, no alterations were found in IL-10 and TNF-α. In treated hypertensive individuals undergoing 12 weeks of exercise training VO2peak, 24 h blood pressure, HDL, and CRP improved. However, changes were not found in concentrations and the activity of HDAC2 and HAT, respectively.","PeriodicalId":10709,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Exercise Physiology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87218379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Knee pain is the most common and challenging pain, that affects the performance and activities of daily living. Apart from the bones, the surrounding neuromuscular structures too are an integral part of the knee joint. The development of knee pain due to these surrounding neuromuscular structures, i.e. hip joint and ankle-foot complex is studied in this literature review. This systematic review was done for the purpose to summarise the literature mainly related to various neuromuscular factors related to neuro-muscle imbalances that affect knee pain other than degeneration. Observational studies related to knee pain published up to 2020 were reviewed in this paper. Strength of hip muscles and foot alignment were included in the study. We searched electronic database online for articles on ‘muscular imbalance that causes knee pain’ from Google scholar & PubMed the quality of the selected researches was measured by using PEDro scale. Of the total, 14 selected studies demonstrated that individuals with knee pain had decreased muscular strength for hip abduction, external rotation and extension on the affected side compared with healthy individuals. Flat foot, abnormal Q angle and over pronation or supination of foot can also results in knee pain. This review concluded that hip muscle weakness and abnormal subtalar mal-alignment place extra stress on knee and create muscular imbalance leading to knee pain. This should be prevented by either proper posture or strengthening programs.
{"title":"Knee pain – thinking beyond degeneration: a systematic review","authors":"J. Kaur, C. Gera, M. Malik, A. Pawalia","doi":"10.3920/cep230006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3920/cep230006","url":null,"abstract":"Knee pain is the most common and challenging pain, that affects the performance and activities of daily living. Apart from the bones, the surrounding neuromuscular structures too are an integral part of the knee joint. The development of knee pain due to these surrounding neuromuscular structures, i.e. hip joint and ankle-foot complex is studied in this literature review. This systematic review was done for the purpose to summarise the literature mainly related to various neuromuscular factors related to neuro-muscle imbalances that affect knee pain other than degeneration. Observational studies related to knee pain published up to 2020 were reviewed in this paper. Strength of hip muscles and foot alignment were included in the study. We searched electronic database online for articles on ‘muscular imbalance that causes knee pain’ from Google scholar & PubMed the quality of the selected researches was measured by using PEDro scale. Of the total, 14 selected studies demonstrated that individuals with knee pain had decreased muscular strength for hip abduction, external rotation and extension on the affected side compared with healthy individuals. Flat foot, abnormal Q angle and over pronation or supination of foot can also results in knee pain. This review concluded that hip muscle weakness and abnormal subtalar mal-alignment place extra stress on knee and create muscular imbalance leading to knee pain. This should be prevented by either proper posture or strengthening programs.","PeriodicalId":10709,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Exercise Physiology","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85982392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Khan, S. Sharma, S. Sharma, P. Priyadarshi, R.K. Sharma, S. Awasthi
Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD) is a common impairment of neuromuscular origin that affects overhead athletes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 4-week sleeper stretch program on proprioception and range of motion (ROM) in athletes clinically diagnosed with GIRD. This study was a single group crossover study design (pre-post). The athletes underwent sleeper stretching program (5 sessions/week for 4 weeks) on the affected and non-affected sides. A total of 32 male athletes (15 basketball/17 volleyball were assessed for outcome measures of internal rotation (IR), external rotation (ER), total range of motion (TROM), and proprioception in ER, IR, and TROM (eyes open and eyes closed) at baseline and at the end of intervention. The affected side ROM significantly improved from 54.53±8.90° to 77.56±4.33° and 58.27±3.33° to 81.10±3.67° for volleyball and basketball athletes, respectively (IR ROM); from 114.56±5.88° to 95.77±6.66° and 119.44±4.67° to 104.23±5.05° for volleyball and basketball athletes, respectively (ER ROM); and from 169.90±5.78° to 173.11±5.88° and 177.28±5.88° to 186.89±3.79° for volleyball and basketball athletes, respectively (TROM), after the four-week sleeper stretch exercise. The ROM changes were non-significant on the non-affected side (P>0.05). The ANOVA reading for individual sports was found to be significant: volleyball athlete IR: [P<0.05, effect size (ES)=0.63], basketball athlete IR: [P<0.05, ES=0.74], volleyball athlete ER [P<0.05, ES=0.49), basketball athlete ER [P<0.05, ES=0.38). However, there was no significant improvement in proprioception measured with both eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC) for the IR, ER, and TROM. This study establishes the important role of sleeper’s stretching protocol in improvement of internal rotation, external rotation, and total rotational motion of the affected side. These findings may have important clinical implications in the management of GIRD in volleyball and basketball athletes.
{"title":"Effectiveness of sleeper’s stretch on proprioception and range of motion in volleyball and basketball athletes with glenohumeral internal rotation deficit","authors":"A. Khan, S. Sharma, S. Sharma, P. Priyadarshi, R.K. Sharma, S. Awasthi","doi":"10.3920/cep220053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3920/cep220053","url":null,"abstract":"Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD) is a common impairment of neuromuscular origin that affects overhead athletes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 4-week sleeper stretch program on proprioception and range of motion (ROM) in athletes clinically diagnosed with GIRD. This study was a single group crossover study design (pre-post). The athletes underwent sleeper stretching program (5 sessions/week for 4 weeks) on the affected and non-affected sides. A total of 32 male athletes (15 basketball/17 volleyball were assessed for outcome measures of internal rotation (IR), external rotation (ER), total range of motion (TROM), and proprioception in ER, IR, and TROM (eyes open and eyes closed) at baseline and at the end of intervention. The affected side ROM significantly improved from 54.53±8.90° to 77.56±4.33° and 58.27±3.33° to 81.10±3.67° for volleyball and basketball athletes, respectively (IR ROM); from 114.56±5.88° to 95.77±6.66° and 119.44±4.67° to 104.23±5.05° for volleyball and basketball athletes, respectively (ER ROM); and from 169.90±5.78° to 173.11±5.88° and 177.28±5.88° to 186.89±3.79° for volleyball and basketball athletes, respectively (TROM), after the four-week sleeper stretch exercise. The ROM changes were non-significant on the non-affected side (P>0.05). The ANOVA reading for individual sports was found to be significant: volleyball athlete IR: [P<0.05, effect size (ES)=0.63], basketball athlete IR: [P<0.05, ES=0.74], volleyball athlete ER [P<0.05, ES=0.49), basketball athlete ER [P<0.05, ES=0.38). However, there was no significant improvement in proprioception measured with both eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC) for the IR, ER, and TROM. This study establishes the important role of sleeper’s stretching protocol in improvement of internal rotation, external rotation, and total rotational motion of the affected side. These findings may have important clinical implications in the management of GIRD in volleyball and basketball athletes.","PeriodicalId":10709,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Exercise Physiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87604144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this review is to investigate the effects of various exercise training interventions on cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. We conducted electronic database search from SCOPUS, PubMed and Web of science from 01.01.2000 till 28.03.2022. Among 484 articles retrieved, 9 were found to be eligible for our review. Studies which investigated the effect of exercise training on exercise capacity (VO2peak), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), oxygen saturation (SpO2), peak heart rate (HRpeak), peak work rate (WRpeak) and peak minute ventilation (VEpeak) were included. The quality assessment was done using a Cochrane risk of bias tool and all the studies demonstrated high risk of bias. Three studies demonstrated improvement in exercise capacity (VO2peak) post training. One study demonstrated significant improvement in WRpeak post training. Two studies demonstrated significant improvement in pulmonary function. The review suggested that exercise training has proven to be an effective tool in improving pulmonary function and exercise capacity in individuals with CF and can be considered to use in clinical settings. CF population can benefit from long term exercise training program.
本综述的目的是探讨各种运动训练干预对囊性纤维化(CF)患者的影响。我们从2000年1月1日至2022年3月28日对SCOPUS、PubMed和Web of science进行了电子数据库检索。在检索到的484篇文章中，有9篇符合我们的综述。包括运动训练对运动能力(VO2peak)、1秒用力呼气量(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)、血氧饱和度(SpO2)、峰值心率(HRpeak)、峰值工作速率(WRpeak)和峰值分钟通气量(VEpeak)影响的研究。使用Cochrane偏倚风险工具进行质量评估，所有研究均显示有高偏倚风险。三项研究表明训练后运动能力(VO2peak)有所改善。一项研究表明，WRpeak岗位培训有显著改善。两项研究显示肺功能有显著改善。该综述表明，运动训练已被证明是改善CF患者肺功能和运动能力的有效工具，可以考虑在临床环境中使用。CF人群可以从长期的运动训练计划中获益。
{"title":"Effect of various training on exercise capacity and lung functions in cystic fibrosis patients: a systematic review","authors":"H. Beg, A. Parveen, A. Saif, Z. Khan","doi":"10.3920/cep220030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3920/cep220030","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this review is to investigate the effects of various exercise training interventions on cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. We conducted electronic database search from SCOPUS, PubMed and Web of science from 01.01.2000 till 28.03.2022. Among 484 articles retrieved, 9 were found to be eligible for our review. Studies which investigated the effect of exercise training on exercise capacity (VO2peak), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), oxygen saturation (SpO2), peak heart rate (HRpeak), peak work rate (WRpeak) and peak minute ventilation (VEpeak) were included. The quality assessment was done using a Cochrane risk of bias tool and all the studies demonstrated high risk of bias. Three studies demonstrated improvement in exercise capacity (VO2peak) post training. One study demonstrated significant improvement in WRpeak post training. Two studies demonstrated significant improvement in pulmonary function. The review suggested that exercise training has proven to be an effective tool in improving pulmonary function and exercise capacity in individuals with CF and can be considered to use in clinical settings. CF population can benefit from long term exercise training program.","PeriodicalId":10709,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Exercise Physiology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75723978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the study was to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of Egoscue exercises and lumbar stabilisation exercises in individuals with the lower crossed syndrome in terms of hyperlordotic posture correction, postural stability, and patient satisfaction towards treatment. The study was a randomised controlled trial. Through randomisation, 30 participants were allocated into 2 study groups, the Egoscue Exercise (EE) group (n=15) and the lumbar stabilisation exercise (LSE) group (n=15). The outcome measures were the degree of lumbar lordosis, functional disability, and postural stability parameters (risk of fall, stability index, weight distribution, anterior-posterior sway, and lateral sway) and patient satisfaction with treatment assessed at baseline and post-10th session of the intervention. Within group analysis showed significant improvement in the outcome measures, such as Index of Lumbar Lordosis, functional disability, postural stability, and patient satisfaction towards treatment with the groups (P<0.05). Between groups analysis showed that EE group and LSE groups were equally effective in improving lumbar hyperlordosis (P=0.458), functional disability (P=0.545), postural stability (risk of fall P=0.781; stability index P=0.964; weight distribution index P=0.718; anterior-posterior sway P=0.402; lateral sway P=0.212) and patient satisfaction towards treatment (P=0.999). Egoscue exercises and lumbar stabilisation exercises are equally effective in correcting lumbar hyper lordotic posture, postural stability, pain, and functional disability in low back pain individuals with the lower crossed syndrome.
{"title":"Exploring effects of Egoscue versus lumbar stabilisation exercises for lower crossed syndrome on postural stability and hyperlordotic posture correction","authors":"S. Sequeira, P. Gurudut, V. Kage","doi":"10.3920/cep220032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3920/cep220032","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of Egoscue exercises and lumbar stabilisation exercises in individuals with the lower crossed syndrome in terms of hyperlordotic posture correction, postural stability, and patient satisfaction towards treatment. The study was a randomised controlled trial. Through randomisation, 30 participants were allocated into 2 study groups, the Egoscue Exercise (EE) group (n=15) and the lumbar stabilisation exercise (LSE) group (n=15). The outcome measures were the degree of lumbar lordosis, functional disability, and postural stability parameters (risk of fall, stability index, weight distribution, anterior-posterior sway, and lateral sway) and patient satisfaction with treatment assessed at baseline and post-10th session of the intervention. Within group analysis showed significant improvement in the outcome measures, such as Index of Lumbar Lordosis, functional disability, postural stability, and patient satisfaction towards treatment with the groups (P<0.05). Between groups analysis showed that EE group and LSE groups were equally effective in improving lumbar hyperlordosis (P=0.458), functional disability (P=0.545), postural stability (risk of fall P=0.781; stability index P=0.964; weight distribution index P=0.718; anterior-posterior sway P=0.402; lateral sway P=0.212) and patient satisfaction towards treatment (P=0.999). Egoscue exercises and lumbar stabilisation exercises are equally effective in correcting lumbar hyper lordotic posture, postural stability, pain, and functional disability in low back pain individuals with the lower crossed syndrome.","PeriodicalId":10709,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Exercise Physiology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75016840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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