Additive manufacturing tools are capable of applying overlay austenitic stainless steel (SS) claddings to carbon steel components. The benefits of this approach over arc welding include a smaller heat-affected zone, residual stress reduction, and material savings. In particular, wire-directed energy deposition (DED) is a suitable technique because of its low material cost and high rate of production compared to other additive manufacturing methods. However, metallurgical variations in composition, phase fraction, and microsegregation can potentially influence the corrosion behavior of such claddings. In this work, 309L SS is clad on carbon steel substrates and electrochemical methods are used to measure their general and pitting corrosion resistance in simulated marine environments (3.5 wt.% NaCl solutions). Two-layer claddings are fabricated with four laser powers to understand the effects of bulk chemical composition, austenite / δ-ferrite phase fractions, and individual phase compositions on corrosion behavior. The two-layer claddings are compared to a single layer cladding, wrought 304 SS, and the carbon steel substrate for a comprehensive assessment of corrosion performance. The two-layer claddings are remarkably resistant to general corrosion in the 3.5 wt.% NaCl environment because of their high Cr content (21.6 – 23.3 wt.% Cr). The single layer cladding exhibits localized corrosion at unmixed Fe-rich peninsulas that originate at the dissimilar metal boundary and protrude into the first cladding layer. All two-layer claddings possess higher pitting corrosion resistance than wrought 304 SS, demonstrating their effectiveness as a corrosion-resistant barrier. The pitting corrosion resistance is superior for claddings made with lower laser powers, due to low dilution and greater δ-ferrite contents.
{"title":"Corrosion resistance of 309L stainless steel claddings on carbon steel produced with wire-fed directed energy deposition","authors":"Scott C. Bozeman, J. Tucker, B. Isgor","doi":"10.5006/4268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4268","url":null,"abstract":"Additive manufacturing tools are capable of applying overlay austenitic stainless steel (SS) claddings to carbon steel components. The benefits of this approach over arc welding include a smaller heat-affected zone, residual stress reduction, and material savings. In particular, wire-directed energy deposition (DED) is a suitable technique because of its low material cost and high rate of production compared to other additive manufacturing methods. However, metallurgical variations in composition, phase fraction, and microsegregation can potentially influence the corrosion behavior of such claddings. In this work, 309L SS is clad on carbon steel substrates and electrochemical methods are used to measure their general and pitting corrosion resistance in simulated marine environments (3.5 wt.% NaCl solutions). Two-layer claddings are fabricated with four laser powers to understand the effects of bulk chemical composition, austenite / δ-ferrite phase fractions, and individual phase compositions on corrosion behavior. The two-layer claddings are compared to a single layer cladding, wrought 304 SS, and the carbon steel substrate for a comprehensive assessment of corrosion performance. The two-layer claddings are remarkably resistant to general corrosion in the 3.5 wt.% NaCl environment because of their high Cr content (21.6 – 23.3 wt.% Cr). The single layer cladding exhibits localized corrosion at unmixed Fe-rich peninsulas that originate at the dissimilar metal boundary and protrude into the first cladding layer. All two-layer claddings possess higher pitting corrosion resistance than wrought 304 SS, demonstrating their effectiveness as a corrosion-resistant barrier. The pitting corrosion resistance is superior for claddings made with lower laser powers, due to low dilution and greater δ-ferrite contents.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45590289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the rapid development of modern civilization, the development of Marine resources has become imminent, but seawater corrosion has become one of the most important factors hindering development. In order to overcome this problem, an environment-friendly physical anticorrosion scheme based on magnetic field (B) has been proposed. In this context, we investigate the effect of Lorentz force and gradient force of magnetic field on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel in seawater. The experimental results show that the gradient force of magnetic field inhibits corrosion while the Lorentz force promotes corrosion. Especially in B⊥E (corrosion electrical field) case, the Lorentz force influence on the corrosion behavior is greater than the gradient force, while in B//E case gradient force dominates. In addition, the effect mechanism of magnetic field on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel in seawater was revealed by comparison of corrosion product composition in different reaction regions and electrochemical impedance spectrum analysis, which will provide experimental basis for the application of environment-friendly Marine anticorrosion technology based on magnetic field.
{"title":"Effects of Lorentz Force and Gradient Force of Magnetic Field on Seawater Corrosion Behavior of Carbon Steels","authors":"Haowei Huang, Huijuan Zhang, pengfei li, Yuebin Chen, Shuanzhu Zhao, Xiaotong Sun, H. Piao, Xia Zhao, Yanliang Huang","doi":"10.5006/4285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4285","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid development of modern civilization, the development of Marine resources has become imminent, but seawater corrosion has become one of the most important factors hindering development. In order to overcome this problem, an environment-friendly physical anticorrosion scheme based on magnetic field (<b>B</b>) has been proposed. In this context, we investigate the effect of Lorentz force and gradient force of magnetic field on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel in seawater. The experimental results show that the gradient force of magnetic field inhibits corrosion while the Lorentz force promotes corrosion. Especially in <b>B</b>⊥<b>E</b> (corrosion electrical field) case, the Lorentz force influence on the corrosion behavior is greater than the gradient force, while in <b>B</b>//<b>E</b> case gradient force dominates. In addition, the effect mechanism of magnetic field on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel in seawater was revealed by comparison of corrosion product composition in different reaction regions and electrochemical impedance spectrum analysis, which will provide experimental basis for the application of environment-friendly Marine anticorrosion technology based on magnetic field.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43063581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Shimizu, H. Toda, H. Fujihara, M. Yamaguchi, M. Uesugi, A. Takeuchi, M. Nishijima, Y. Kamada
7xxx aluminum alloys are representative high-strength aluminum alloys; however, mechanical property degradation due to hydrogen hinders further strengthening. We have previously reported that hydrogen embrittlement in 7xxx alloys originates from trapped hydrogen at the MgZn2 precipitate interface, providing high hydrogen trapping energy. We propose the dispersion of Mn-based second-phase particles as a novel technique for preventing 7xxx aluminum alloy hydrogen embrittlement. In this study, the deformation and fracture behaviors of high hydrogen 7xxx alloys containing 0.0% Mn and 0.6% Mn are observed in situ using synchrotron radiation X-ray tomography. Although no significant differences appear between the two alloys regarding the initiation of quasicleavage cracks, the area fractions of final quasicleavage fractures are 16.5% and 1.0% for 0.0%Mn and 0.6%Mn alloys, respectively; this finding indicates that the Mn addition reduces hydrogen-induced fractures. The obtained macroscopic hydrogen embrittlement is quantitatively analyzed based on hydrogen partitioning in alloys. Adding 0.6% Mn, generating second-phase particles with high hydrogen trapping abilities, significantly suppresses hydrogen-induced quasicleavage fracture. The results of an original hydrogen partitioning analysis show that the dispersion of Mn-based particles (Al12Mn3Si) with high hydrogen trapping abilities reduces the hydrogen concentration at the semicoherent MgZn2 interface and suppresses hydrogen embrittlement.
{"title":"Hydrogen embrittlement and its prevention in 7XXX aluminum alloys with high Zn concentrations","authors":"K. Shimizu, H. Toda, H. Fujihara, M. Yamaguchi, M. Uesugi, A. Takeuchi, M. Nishijima, Y. Kamada","doi":"10.5006/4300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4300","url":null,"abstract":"7xxx aluminum alloys are representative high-strength aluminum alloys; however, mechanical property degradation due to hydrogen hinders further strengthening. We have previously reported that hydrogen embrittlement in 7xxx alloys originates from trapped hydrogen at the MgZn2 precipitate interface, providing high hydrogen trapping energy. We propose the dispersion of Mn-based second-phase particles as a novel technique for preventing 7xxx aluminum alloy hydrogen embrittlement. In this study, the deformation and fracture behaviors of high hydrogen 7xxx alloys containing 0.0% Mn and 0.6% Mn are observed in situ using synchrotron radiation X-ray tomography. Although no significant differences appear between the two alloys regarding the initiation of quasicleavage cracks, the area fractions of final quasicleavage fractures are 16.5% and 1.0% for 0.0%Mn and 0.6%Mn alloys, respectively; this finding indicates that the Mn addition reduces hydrogen-induced fractures. The obtained macroscopic hydrogen embrittlement is quantitatively analyzed based on hydrogen partitioning in alloys. Adding 0.6% Mn, generating second-phase particles with high hydrogen trapping abilities, significantly suppresses hydrogen-induced quasicleavage fracture. The results of an original hydrogen partitioning analysis show that the dispersion of Mn-based particles (Al12Mn3Si) with high hydrogen trapping abilities reduces the hydrogen concentration at the semicoherent MgZn2 interface and suppresses hydrogen embrittlement.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49280995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. B. Vukkum, Evan DelVecchio, S. Storck, R. Gupta
Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), a metal additive manufacturing technique, was conducted on feedstock-modified 316L stainless steel (316L) powder produced by ball-milling of commercial 316L and 1 wt.% additive (Cerium oxide – CeO2, lanthanum (III) nitrate hexahydrate – La(NO3)3.6H2O and chromium nitride – CrN). The feedstock-modified LPBF-316L specimens were sensitized at 675 ℃ for 24 hours, and the influence of additives on intergranular corrosion (IGC) was investigated following ASTM G108-94 and A262-14 standards. The LPBF-316L with La(NO3)3.6H2O showed higher IGC resistance. The microstructure of the LPBF specimen was investigated and correlated to understand the improved IGC resistance of LPBF-316L with La(NO3)3.6H2O additive.
{"title":"Intergranular corrosion of feedstock modified – additively manufactured stainless steel after sensitization","authors":"V. B. Vukkum, Evan DelVecchio, S. Storck, R. Gupta","doi":"10.5006/4245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4245","url":null,"abstract":"Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), a metal additive manufacturing technique, was conducted on feedstock-modified 316L stainless steel (316L) powder produced by ball-milling of commercial 316L and 1 wt.% additive (Cerium oxide – CeO2, lanthanum (III) nitrate hexahydrate – La(NO3)3.6H2O and chromium nitride – CrN). The feedstock-modified LPBF-316L specimens were sensitized at 675 ℃ for 24 hours, and the influence of additives on intergranular corrosion (IGC) was investigated following ASTM G108-94 and A262-14 standards. The LPBF-316L with La(NO3)3.6H2O showed higher IGC resistance. The microstructure of the LPBF specimen was investigated and correlated to understand the improved IGC resistance of LPBF-316L with La(NO3)3.6H2O additive.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46793653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Martinez, Ivan Šoić, Valentino Golub, Bojan Hudec
In the present study, we repeatedly used the surface-applied paste electrolyte cell to record the EIS spectra of four coating systems with different barrier properties exposed to different environments. The absence of a liquid electrolyte allows direct recording of the electrolyte-unaltered coating response to environmental stressors. Exposures included humidity between 23 and 95%, temperatures between 10 and 50°C, 720 hours of ISO 9227 neutral salt spray, 1 year in mild continental urban climate, and for comparison, 3 years of ISO 16773 3.5% NaCl immersion. The coatings showed significantly different temperature susceptibility of impedance revealing two temperature ranges with activation energies corresponding to ionic conductivity below 20°C and conductivity influenced by polymer chain movements above 30°C. Impedances measured for intact coatings or impedances calculated from the assumed range of dielectric constant and coating thicknesses can be used as references. The EIS outcome of the laboratory tests and the time- and temperature-resolved EIS responses under atmospheric exposure were compared with the reference impedances of the coatings. Mild continental climate exposure at temperatures < 35°C and immersion at 23±2°C yielded better barrier performance for the two solvent based coating systems compared to the two waterborne systems of comparable thickness and number of layers. The NSS test that proceeds at 35°C yielded better performance of the both solvent based coatings over the waterborne coatings, regardless of the thickness. EIS quantification of barrier performance, which excludes the influence of the liquid electrolyte, has provided insight into the temperature effect on barrier behavior of the coatings under non-accelerated and accelerated exposures and the final coating rating.
{"title":"Comparative EIS Quantification of Coating Weathering, Long-Term Immersion and Salt Spray Test Outcomes","authors":"S. Martinez, Ivan Šoić, Valentino Golub, Bojan Hudec","doi":"10.5006/4267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4267","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, we repeatedly used the surface-applied paste electrolyte cell to record the EIS spectra of four coating systems with different barrier properties exposed to different environments. The absence of a liquid electrolyte allows direct recording of the electrolyte-unaltered coating response to environmental stressors. Exposures included humidity between 23 and 95%, temperatures between 10 and 50°C, 720 hours of ISO 9227 neutral salt spray, 1 year in mild continental urban climate, and for comparison, 3 years of ISO 16773 3.5% NaCl immersion. The coatings showed significantly different temperature susceptibility of impedance revealing two temperature ranges with activation energies corresponding to ionic conductivity below 20°C and conductivity influenced by polymer chain movements above 30°C. Impedances measured for intact coatings or impedances calculated from the assumed range of dielectric constant and coating thicknesses can be used as references. The EIS outcome of the laboratory tests and the time- and temperature-resolved EIS responses under atmospheric exposure were compared with the reference impedances of the coatings. Mild continental climate exposure at temperatures < 35°C and immersion at 23±2°C yielded better barrier performance for the two solvent based coating systems compared to the two waterborne systems of comparable thickness and number of layers. The NSS test that proceeds at 35°C yielded better performance of the both solvent based coatings over the waterborne coatings, regardless of the thickness. EIS quantification of barrier performance, which excludes the influence of the liquid electrolyte, has provided insight into the temperature effect on barrier behavior of the coatings under non-accelerated and accelerated exposures and the final coating rating.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43304435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erosion-corrosion behavior of high speed steel (HSS) and titanium aluminum nitride (TiAlN) coating were investigated under different flow conditions in simulated seawater. On the front side (facing towards the direction of water flow), there was a negligible failure of the TiAlN coating, but clear marks of erosion-corrosion on the HSS. Notwithstanding, unexpected failure features were identified on the back side (back against the direction of water flow) on both specimens, because the high-velocity water flow was localized at the edge and the center was high in turbulence. For the HSS, there was dominate corrosion in the center and dominant erosion at the edge. For the TiAlN/HSS coating, the dense and layered structure retards the propagation of surface cracks as the major failure into the bulk and instead promotes layer-by-layer spallation. Additionally, visible ‘flow marks’ were observed on both specimens and can be explained by the flow-accelerated-corrosion.
{"title":"Erosion-corrosion behavior and mechanism of TiAlN coating under different flow conditions in simulated seawater","authors":"","doi":"10.5006/4287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4287","url":null,"abstract":"Erosion-corrosion behavior of high speed steel (HSS) and titanium aluminum nitride (TiAlN) coating were investigated under different flow conditions in simulated seawater. On the front side (facing towards the direction of water flow), there was a negligible failure of the TiAlN coating, but clear marks of erosion-corrosion on the HSS. Notwithstanding, unexpected failure features were identified on the back side (back against the direction of water flow) on both specimens, because the high-velocity water flow was localized at the edge and the center was high in turbulence. For the HSS, there was dominate corrosion in the center and dominant erosion at the edge. For the TiAlN/HSS coating, the dense and layered structure retards the propagation of surface cracks as the major failure into the bulk and instead promotes layer-by-layer spallation. Additionally, visible ‘flow marks’ were observed on both specimens and can be explained by the flow-accelerated-corrosion.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48495525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Pour-Ali, R. Tavangar, Fatemeh Fakheri, S. Hejazi, S. Mohajernia
High energy shot peening (HESP) as a common near-surface severe plastic deformation (NS-SPD) was employed to create a severely deformed surface with ultrafine grains and dense crystallographic defects (e.g., grain boundaries, dislocations, and twins) on GTD-111 Ni superalloy. The fluoride-induced corrosion performance of HESPed GTD-111 and its solution-annealed counterpart is comparatively studied using immersion tests, grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GI-XRD) analysis, electrochemical techniques and glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES). As supported by the immersion tests and electrochemical measurements, HESPed GTD-111 exhibits corrosion film with higher resistance and lower passivity current density at the expense of a higher initial corrosion rate. Both samples suffer pitting corrosion; however, the solution-annealed one shows deeper and larger pits. The dense distribution of crystallographic defects on the surface of HESPed sample significantly increases the diffusion of alloying elements to the corrosion front. The GDOES depth profiles reveal that (i) a thicker corrosion film with a higher contribution of alloying elements (namely, Cr, Ti, Co, and Al) is developed on the HESPed sample, and (ii) the corrosion films formed on the solution-annealed and HESPed samples consist of an outer F-rich part and an inner O-rich region. The protective mechanism of NS-SPD is discussed by a physical model.
{"title":"Influence of near-surface severe plastic deformation (NS-SPD) on the corrosion behavior of GTD-111 nickel superalloy in hydrofluoric acid solution","authors":"S. Pour-Ali, R. Tavangar, Fatemeh Fakheri, S. Hejazi, S. Mohajernia","doi":"10.5006/4141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4141","url":null,"abstract":"High energy shot peening (HESP) as a common near-surface severe plastic deformation (NS-SPD) was employed to create a severely deformed surface with ultrafine grains and dense crystallographic defects (e.g., grain boundaries, dislocations, and twins) on GTD-111 Ni superalloy. The fluoride-induced corrosion performance of HESPed GTD-111 and its solution-annealed counterpart is comparatively studied using immersion tests, grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GI-XRD) analysis, electrochemical techniques and glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES). As supported by the immersion tests and electrochemical measurements, HESPed GTD-111 exhibits corrosion film with higher resistance and lower passivity current density at the expense of a higher initial corrosion rate. Both samples suffer pitting corrosion; however, the solution-annealed one shows deeper and larger pits. The dense distribution of crystallographic defects on the surface of HESPed sample significantly increases the diffusion of alloying elements to the corrosion front. The GDOES depth profiles reveal that (i) a thicker corrosion film with a higher contribution of alloying elements (namely, Cr, Ti, Co, and Al) is developed on the HESPed sample, and (ii) the corrosion films formed on the solution-annealed and HESPed samples consist of an outer F-rich part and an inner O-rich region. The protective mechanism of NS-SPD is discussed by a physical model.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44008943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This special issue in memoriam of esteemed Prof. Jose Antonio Gonzalez gathers contributions presented during the Research in Progress symposium organized by AMPP in 2022. The legacy and seminal work of Jose Antonio, particularly regarding the development and application of electrochemical techniques for studying corrosion in reinforced concrete structures, has impacted generations of science, engineering, and research and stands as a major contribution to the field.
这期特刊是为了纪念尊敬的Jose Antonio Gonzalez教授，它收集了AMPP在2022年组织的“研究进展研讨会”上发表的文章。何塞·安东尼奥的遗产和开创性工作，特别是关于研究钢筋混凝土结构腐蚀的电化学技术的发展和应用，影响了几代科学，工程和研究，并成为该领域的主要贡献。
{"title":"Editorial: Special Issue on Corrosion of Reinforced Concrete Structures (in Memoriam of Prof. Jose Antonio Gonzalez)","authors":"D. Bastidas, N. Birbilis","doi":"10.5006/4330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4330","url":null,"abstract":"This special issue in memoriam of esteemed Prof. Jose Antonio Gonzalez gathers contributions presented during the Research in Progress symposium organized by AMPP in 2022. The legacy and seminal work of Jose Antonio, particularly regarding the development and application of electrochemical techniques for studying corrosion in reinforced concrete structures, has impacted generations of science, engineering, and research and stands as a major contribution to the field.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46254893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, the corrosion and erosion–corrosion behaviors of X65 pipeline steel in the flowing CO2-saturated electrolyte were electrochemically studied using a rotation disc system. The results showed that the accumulation of the Fe3C layer in the electrolyte without sand particles enhanced the cathodic reaction, increasing the corrosion rate. The increase in flow velocity facilitated the rapid accumulation of a thick Fe3C layer, which linearly increased the corrosion rate with increasing rotation speed. The sand impacts removed the corrosion product layer and broke the exposed Fe3C network, resulting in a negative synergy of erosion-enhanced corrosion. The erosion–corrosion negatively affected ferrites compared with the pearlites in an electrolyte containing sand due to the weaker erosion resistance.
{"title":"Evaluation of corrosion and erosion–corrosion behavior of X65 pipeline steel in flowing CO2-saturated electrolyte","authors":"Qiliang Zhang, Wanheng Jiang, Zijie Wang, Lidong Wang, Yi Huang, Yunze Xu","doi":"10.5006/4162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4162","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the corrosion and erosion–corrosion behaviors of X65 pipeline steel in the flowing CO2-saturated electrolyte were electrochemically studied using a rotation disc system. The results showed that the accumulation of the Fe3C layer in the electrolyte without sand particles enhanced the cathodic reaction, increasing the corrosion rate. The increase in flow velocity facilitated the rapid accumulation of a thick Fe3C layer, which linearly increased the corrosion rate with increasing rotation speed. The sand impacts removed the corrosion product layer and broke the exposed Fe3C network, resulting in a negative synergy of erosion-enhanced corrosion. The erosion–corrosion negatively affected ferrites compared with the pearlites in an electrolyte containing sand due to the weaker erosion resistance.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47036769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanrui Li, Yinghui Wei, Bao-sheng Liu, L. Hou, Shaohua Zhang, W. Liu
The effect of crystallographic orientation and environment factors on the corrosion behavior of 35TWV1900 non-oriented silicon steel at various temperatures (25, 40 and 60 °C) and Cl− concentrations (0.1, 0.6 and 1 mol/L) was investigated by electrochemical tests and immersion experiments. The results have revealed that the (111) plane exhibits a higher corrosion rate compared with (001) and (101) planes. The increased temperature promotes the anodic dissolution of the substrate, accelerating the formation of corrosion products and the transformation of β/γ-FeOOH to α-FeOOH/Fe3O4. In the immersion environment, the corrosion mechanism is a typical oxygen-absorbing corrosion mechanism. During the electrochemical reaction phase, the corrosion rate shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of Cl− concentration, which can be explained by the catalytic dissolution effect and the protective effect of adsorbed Cl− on the surface. Meanwhile, with the injection of Cl−, the content of dissolved oxygen in the solution decreases and the adsorption competition between Cl− and oxygen increases, leading to the reduction of corrosion rate and inhibiting the formation of oxide film. The two stages of corrosion in an immersion environment are described, and the corrosion mechanism is elucidated.
{"title":"Understanding of the interaction between crystallographic orientation and service environment on non-oriented silicon steel corrosion","authors":"Yanrui Li, Yinghui Wei, Bao-sheng Liu, L. Hou, Shaohua Zhang, W. Liu","doi":"10.5006/4237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4237","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of crystallographic orientation and environment factors on the corrosion behavior of 35TWV1900 non-oriented silicon steel at various temperatures (25, 40 and 60 °C) and Cl− concentrations (0.1, 0.6 and 1 mol/L) was investigated by electrochemical tests and immersion experiments. The results have revealed that the (111) plane exhibits a higher corrosion rate compared with (001) and (101) planes. The increased temperature promotes the anodic dissolution of the substrate, accelerating the formation of corrosion products and the transformation of β/γ-FeOOH to α-FeOOH/Fe3O4. In the immersion environment, the corrosion mechanism is a typical oxygen-absorbing corrosion mechanism. During the electrochemical reaction phase, the corrosion rate shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of Cl− concentration, which can be explained by the catalytic dissolution effect and the protective effect of adsorbed Cl− on the surface. Meanwhile, with the injection of Cl−, the content of dissolved oxygen in the solution decreases and the adsorption competition between Cl− and oxygen increases, leading to the reduction of corrosion rate and inhibiting the formation of oxide film. The two stages of corrosion in an immersion environment are described, and the corrosion mechanism is elucidated.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45228179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：