Pub Date : 2023-04-20DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.06420
Yiwen Liao;Weijia Yang;Zhecheng Wang;Yifan Huang;C. Y. Chung
Battery hybridization in hydropower plants is a hydropower flexibility enhancement technology innovation that can potentially expand hydropower's contributions to the grid, but its fundamental characteristics and influencing mechanisms are still unclear. In this paper, primary frequency regulation (PFR) performance and the mechanism of this new technology are studied. A battery hybridized hydropower plant (BH-HPP) model, based on a field-measured-data-based hydropower plant (HPP) model and a verified battery simplified model, is established. Analysis of system stability and dynamics is undertaken for three different battery control strategies by root locus and participation factor methods. Compared to conventional HPPs, analysis results theoretically reveal BH-HPP can not only accelerate system regulation rapidity but also effectively enlarge HPP stability region during PFR process. Time domain simulation verifies the results and further shows synthetic control has better performance among introduced strategies. Besides, initial design ranges of control parameters considering battery capacity and a renewable energy source scenario case are also discussed. This work could provide theoretical support for flexibility enhancement solutions for hydropower systems.
{"title":"Mechanism of Primary Frequency Regulation for Battery Hybridization in Hydropower Plant","authors":"Yiwen Liao;Weijia Yang;Zhecheng Wang;Yifan Huang;C. Y. Chung","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.06420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.06420","url":null,"abstract":"Battery hybridization in hydropower plants is a hydropower flexibility enhancement technology innovation that can potentially expand hydropower's contributions to the grid, but its fundamental characteristics and influencing mechanisms are still unclear. In this paper, primary frequency regulation (PFR) performance and the mechanism of this new technology are studied. A battery hybridized hydropower plant (BH-HPP) model, based on a field-measured-data-based hydropower plant (HPP) model and a verified battery simplified model, is established. Analysis of system stability and dynamics is undertaken for three different battery control strategies by root locus and participation factor methods. Compared to conventional HPPs, analysis results theoretically reveal BH-HPP can not only accelerate system regulation rapidity but also effectively enlarge HPP stability region during PFR process. Time domain simulation verifies the results and further shows synthetic control has better performance among introduced strategies. Besides, initial design ranges of control parameters considering battery capacity and a renewable energy source scenario case are also discussed. This work could provide theoretical support for flexibility enhancement solutions for hydropower systems.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"10 5","pages":"2127-2137"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10106212","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142397364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-20DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2021.09220
Wenkai Dong;Zhigang Lu;Liangce He;Jiangfeng Zhang;Tao Ma;Xiaobo Cao
The challenges of energy shortage and environmental protection motivate people to take various measures to use energy wisely, and integrated energy systems are such a measure to tackle this challenge. In this paper, an optimal expansion planning model for an integrated energy system consisting of power grid, gas network and multiple energy hubs is proposed, where the planning objective is to minimize operational fuel cost and capital investment cost covering carbon capture equipment and energy hubs among others. To demonstrate the advantage of the proposed planning model, six case studies are investigated, and 13.47% annual cost savings can be achieved compared with the baseline planning scenario, which does not consider bidirectional energy exchange and integrated demand response program.
{"title":"Optimal Expansion Planning Model for Integrated Energy System Considering Integrated Demand Response and Bidirectional Energy Exchange","authors":"Wenkai Dong;Zhigang Lu;Liangce He;Jiangfeng Zhang;Tao Ma;Xiaobo Cao","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2021.09220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2021.09220","url":null,"abstract":"The challenges of energy shortage and environmental protection motivate people to take various measures to use energy wisely, and integrated energy systems are such a measure to tackle this challenge. In this paper, an optimal expansion planning model for an integrated energy system consisting of power grid, gas network and multiple energy hubs is proposed, where the planning objective is to minimize operational fuel cost and capital investment cost covering carbon capture equipment and energy hubs among others. To demonstrate the advantage of the proposed planning model, six case studies are investigated, and 13.47% annual cost savings can be achieved compared with the baseline planning scenario, which does not consider bidirectional energy exchange and integrated demand response program.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"9 4","pages":"1449-1459"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/7054730/10213441/10106193.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50425465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-20DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.08750
Wei Lin;Changhong Zhao;Maosheng Gao;C. Y. Chung
With deployment of measurement units, fitting static equivalent models of distribution networks (DNs) by linear regression has been recognized as an effective method in power flow analysis of a transmission network. Increasing volatility of measurements caused by variable distributed renewable energy sources makes it more difficult to accurately fit such equivalent models. To tackle this challenge, this letter proposes a novel data-driven method to improve equivalency accuracy of DNs with distributed energy resources. This letter provides a new perspective that an equivalent model can be regarded as a mapping from internal conditions and border voltages to border power injections. Such mapping can be established through 1) Koopman operator theory, and 2) physical features of power flow equations at the root node of a DN. Performance of the proposed method is demonstrated on the IEEE 33-bus and IEEE 136-bus test systems connected to a 661-bus utility system.
{"title":"Data-driven Static Equivalence with Physics-informed Koopman Operators","authors":"Wei Lin;Changhong Zhao;Maosheng Gao;C. Y. Chung","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.08750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.08750","url":null,"abstract":"With deployment of measurement units, fitting static equivalent models of distribution networks (DNs) by linear regression has been recognized as an effective method in power flow analysis of a transmission network. Increasing volatility of measurements caused by variable distributed renewable energy sources makes it more difficult to accurately fit such equivalent models. To tackle this challenge, this letter proposes a novel data-driven method to improve equivalency accuracy of DNs with distributed energy resources. This letter provides a new perspective that an equivalent model can be regarded as a mapping from internal conditions and border voltages to border power injections. Such mapping can be established through 1) Koopman operator theory, and 2) physical features of power flow equations at the root node of a DN. Performance of the proposed method is demonstrated on the IEEE 33-bus and IEEE 136-bus test systems connected to a 661-bus utility system.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"10 1","pages":"432-438"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10106204","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139694971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-20DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.03300
Chao Shen;Wei Gu;Wanxing Sheng;Keyan Liu
Virtual synchronous control has been widely studied for the advantages of emulating inertia for voltage source converters (VSCs). A constant dc-link voltage is usually assumed in existing literature to estimate transient stability of virtual synchronous generators (VSGs). However, actual power supply in the dc-side of VSGs is limited and different dc-link voltage controllers are needed to achieve power balance between DC side and AC side. Addition of dc-link voltage controller has great influence on transient behavior of VSGs, which has not been investigated by previous research. To fill this gap, this paper gives insights into the effect of dc-link voltage dynamics on transient stability of VSGs. First, two typical kinds of VSGs with dc-link voltage controllers are introduced. Then, mathematical models considering dc-link dynamics are established and the effect of dc-link voltage controllers on transient synchronization stability of VSGs is revealed through equal area criterion (EAC). It is found that dc-link voltage controller would reduce stability margin of VSGs and design-oriented transient stability analysis is carried out quantitively using critical clearing time (CCT). Finally, simulation results are given to validate correctness of theoretical analysis.
{"title":"Transient Stability Analysis and Design of VSGs with Different DC-Link Voltage Controllers","authors":"Chao Shen;Wei Gu;Wanxing Sheng;Keyan Liu","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.03300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.03300","url":null,"abstract":"Virtual synchronous control has been widely studied for the advantages of emulating inertia for voltage source converters (VSCs). A constant dc-link voltage is usually assumed in existing literature to estimate transient stability of virtual synchronous generators (VSGs). However, actual power supply in the dc-side of VSGs is limited and different dc-link voltage controllers are needed to achieve power balance between DC side and AC side. Addition of dc-link voltage controller has great influence on transient behavior of VSGs, which has not been investigated by previous research. To fill this gap, this paper gives insights into the effect of dc-link voltage dynamics on transient stability of VSGs. First, two typical kinds of VSGs with dc-link voltage controllers are introduced. Then, mathematical models considering dc-link dynamics are established and the effect of dc-link voltage controllers on transient synchronization stability of VSGs is revealed through equal area criterion (EAC). It is found that dc-link voltage controller would reduce stability margin of VSGs and design-oriented transient stability analysis is carried out quantitively using critical clearing time (CCT). Finally, simulation results are given to validate correctness of theoretical analysis.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"10 2","pages":"593-604"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10106201","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140351444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-20DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.08120
M. Tariq Nazir;Arslan Khalid;B. Toan Phung;Arup K. Das;Peter Cheetham;Ashish Paramane;Shakeel Akram;Khoi Loon Wong
Silicone rubber composite is a priority electrical insulating material used in high-voltage outdoor insulation applications. Low electrical tracking/erosion and poor flame resistance performance of silicone rubber once ignited, substantially reduce its working life. This paper attempts to investigate tracking/erosion performance of room temperature vulcanized (RTV) silicone rubber along with flame retardant parameters using aluminum trihydrate (ATH), graphene nanosheets (GN) and milled glass fiber (GF) additives. The inclined plane test (IPT) was performed in line with criteria defined in IEC 60587 using step-up tracking voltage method while flame retardancy is evaluated according to ASTM E 1354.0 using a cone calorimeter. Results suggest 30% of ATH assists in improving physical tracking/erosion resistance of pristine silicone elastomer rubber by impeding development of leakage current and a great reduction in maximum average temperatures on the surface of RTV2. Further improvement in performance of RTV2 is achieved through introduction of 1% of GN and 5% of GF as seen in RTV4. Moreover, 30% of ATH reduces heat release rate and smoke production rate, and this trend is improved with the introduction of GN/GF. RTV4 has pop up as the most promising silicone rubber composite with excellent electrical tracking, erosion, and flame resistance performance relative to its counterparts in this study.
硅橡胶复合材料是高压户外绝缘应用中优先使用的电气绝缘材料。硅橡胶一旦点燃，电跟踪/侵蚀低，阻燃性能差，大大缩短了其使用寿命。本文试图使用三水合铝（ATH）、石墨烯纳米片（GN）和研磨玻璃纤维（GF）添加剂，研究室温硫化（RTV）硅橡胶的跟踪/侵蚀性能以及阻燃参数。根据IEC 60587中定义的标准使用升压跟踪电压法进行倾斜面试验（IPT），同时根据ASTM E 1354.0使用锥形量热计评估阻燃性。结果表明，30%的ATH通过阻碍漏电流的发展和RTV2表面最高平均温度的大幅降低，有助于提高原始硅弹性体橡胶的物理跟踪/耐侵蚀性。RTV2性能的进一步提高是通过引入1%的GN和5%的GF实现的，如RTV4所示。此外，30%的ATH降低了热释放率和烟雾产生率，并且随着GN/GF的引入，这一趋势得到了改善。RTV4已成为最有前途的硅橡胶复合材料，与本研究中的同类材料相比，它具有优异的电跟踪、侵蚀和阻燃性能。
{"title":"Electrical Tracking, Erosion and Fire Retardancy Performance of Silicone Rubber Insulation Containing Aluminum Trihydrate, Graphene and Glass Fiber Additives","authors":"M. Tariq Nazir;Arslan Khalid;B. Toan Phung;Arup K. Das;Peter Cheetham;Ashish Paramane;Shakeel Akram;Khoi Loon Wong","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.08120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.08120","url":null,"abstract":"Silicone rubber composite is a priority electrical insulating material used in high-voltage outdoor insulation applications. Low electrical tracking/erosion and poor flame resistance performance of silicone rubber once ignited, substantially reduce its working life. This paper attempts to investigate tracking/erosion performance of room temperature vulcanized (RTV) silicone rubber along with flame retardant parameters using aluminum trihydrate (ATH), graphene nanosheets (GN) and milled glass fiber (GF) additives. The inclined plane test (IPT) was performed in line with criteria defined in IEC 60587 using step-up tracking voltage method while flame retardancy is evaluated according to ASTM E 1354.0 using a cone calorimeter. Results suggest 30% of ATH assists in improving physical tracking/erosion resistance of pristine silicone elastomer rubber by impeding development of leakage current and a great reduction in maximum average temperatures on the surface of RTV2. Further improvement in performance of RTV2 is achieved through introduction of 1% of GN and 5% of GF as seen in RTV4. Moreover, 30% of ATH reduces heat release rate and smoke production rate, and this trend is improved with the introduction of GN/GF. RTV4 has pop up as the most promising silicone rubber composite with excellent electrical tracking, erosion, and flame resistance performance relative to its counterparts in this study.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"9 5","pages":"1918-1925"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/7054730/10288371/10106211.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50327610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Even though smart meters have been widely used in power systems around the world, many consumers are still finding it hard to participate in demand response (DR) due to flat-rate retail pricing policy. To address this issue, this paper proposes a coupon-based demand response (CDR) scheme to achieve equivalent dynamic retail prices to inspire consumers' inherent elasticity. First, a security-constrained unit commitment optimization model is developed in the day-ahead market to obtain coupon rewards, which are then broadcast to consumers to motivate them to reschedule their power consumption behaviors. To evaluate the adjustment value of consumers' power consumption, a collective utility function is proposed to formulate the relationship between power quantity and coupon rewards. On this basis, the security-constrained economic dispatch model is developed in the intra-day market to reschedule generating units' output power according to real-time load demands and fluctuating renewable energies. After the operation interval, a settlement method is developed to quantify consumers' electricity fees and coupon benefits on a monthly basis. The proposed CDR scheme avoids real-time iterative bidding process and effectively decreases the difficulty of massive, small consumers participating in DR. The proposed CDR is implemented in a realistic DR project in China to verify consumers' energy cost and renewables' curtailment can both be decreased.
尽管智能电表已在全球电力系统中得到广泛应用，但由于统一的零售价格政策，许多消费者仍难以参与需求响应（DR）。为解决这一问题，本文提出了一种基于优惠券的需求响应（CDR）方案，以实现等效的动态零售价格，从而激发消费者的内在弹性。首先，在日前市场中建立了一个安全受限的单位承诺优化模型，以获得优惠券奖励，然后将其广播给消费者，激励他们重新安排用电行为。为了评估用户用电量的调整值，提出了一个集体效用函数来表述电量与优惠券奖励之间的关系。在此基础上，建立了日内市场的安全约束经济调度模型，根据实时负荷需求和波动的可再生能源重新安排发电机组的输出功率。运行间隔结束后，开发一种结算方法，按月量化用户的电费和优惠券收益。所提出的 CDR 方案避免了实时迭代投标过程，有效降低了大量小用户参与 DR 的难度。所提出的 CDR 方案在中国的一个实际 DR 项目中得到了实施，验证了用户的用能成本和可再生能源削减量均可降低。
{"title":"Coupon-Based Demand Response for Consumers Facing Flat-Rate Retail Pricing","authors":"Hongxun Hui;Yi Ding;Kaining Luan;Tao Chen;Yonghua Song;Saifur Rahman","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2021.05140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2021.05140","url":null,"abstract":"Even though smart meters have been widely used in power systems around the world, many consumers are still finding it hard to participate in demand response (DR) due to flat-rate retail pricing policy. To address this issue, this paper proposes a coupon-based demand response (CDR) scheme to achieve equivalent dynamic retail prices to inspire consumers' inherent elasticity. First, a security-constrained unit commitment optimization model is developed in the day-ahead market to obtain coupon rewards, which are then broadcast to consumers to motivate them to reschedule their power consumption behaviors. To evaluate the adjustment value of consumers' power consumption, a collective utility function is proposed to formulate the relationship between power quantity and coupon rewards. On this basis, the security-constrained economic dispatch model is developed in the intra-day market to reschedule generating units' output power according to real-time load demands and fluctuating renewable energies. After the operation interval, a settlement method is developed to quantify consumers' electricity fees and coupon benefits on a monthly basis. The proposed CDR scheme avoids real-time iterative bidding process and effectively decreases the difficulty of massive, small consumers participating in DR. The proposed CDR is implemented in a realistic DR project in China to verify consumers' energy cost and renewables' curtailment can both be decreased.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"10 5","pages":"1887-1900"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10106189","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142397509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-20DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.02920
Ankang Miao;Yue Yuan;Han Wu;Junpeng Zhu
A multi-station integration system (MSIS) integrating other multi-type stations provides a new way to realize an intensive development of resources and promote low-carbon energy and its high-efficiency utilization. To this end, a novel multi-station integration planning method and coordinated operation strategy model for the MSIS are established in a new business model. In this study, a new business model of the MSIS, with substations as the carrier, integrating distributed photovoltaic, energy storage, electric vehicle charging, data center, and 5G base stations is proposed. From the social environment, natural conditions, and complementary characteristics, a comprehensive index system is established to analyze expansion capability of substations and multi-station combination scheme. Scenario reduction is performed by extracting feature vectors and building a comprehensive evaluation function to select the optimal combination scheme under a specific scenario. Moreover, for the combination scheme in a specific scenario, the optimal capacity configuration and coordinated operation strategy chance-constrained programming model of the MSIS are established under different operating conditions. Finally, simulations are performed on a practical MSIS located in Wuxi, China, and simulation results demonstrate the rationality and effectiveness of the planning method and coordinated operation strategy model for the MSIS.
{"title":"Planning Method and Coordinated Operation Strategy for Multi-Station Integration System","authors":"Ankang Miao;Yue Yuan;Han Wu;Junpeng Zhu","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.02920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.02920","url":null,"abstract":"A multi-station integration system (MSIS) integrating other multi-type stations provides a new way to realize an intensive development of resources and promote low-carbon energy and its high-efficiency utilization. To this end, a novel multi-station integration planning method and coordinated operation strategy model for the MSIS are established in a new business model. In this study, a new business model of the MSIS, with substations as the carrier, integrating distributed photovoltaic, energy storage, electric vehicle charging, data center, and 5G base stations is proposed. From the social environment, natural conditions, and complementary characteristics, a comprehensive index system is established to analyze expansion capability of substations and multi-station combination scheme. Scenario reduction is performed by extracting feature vectors and building a comprehensive evaluation function to select the optimal combination scheme under a specific scenario. Moreover, for the combination scheme in a specific scenario, the optimal capacity configuration and coordinated operation strategy chance-constrained programming model of the MSIS are established under different operating conditions. Finally, simulations are performed on a practical MSIS located in Wuxi, China, and simulation results demonstrate the rationality and effectiveness of the planning method and coordinated operation strategy model for the MSIS.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"9 6","pages":"2394-2408"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10106200","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138550325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-20DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.00220
Zhigang Li;Wenjing Huang;J. H. Zheng;Q. H. Wu
Uncertainty in distributed renewable generation threatens the security of power distribution systems. The concept of dispatchable region is developed to assess the ability of power systems to accommodate renewable generation at a given operating point. Although DC and linearized AC power flow equations are typically used to model dispatchable regions for transmission systems, these equations are rarely suitable for distribution networks. To achieve a suitable trade-off between accuracy and efficiency, this paper proposes a dispatchable region formulation for distribution networks using tight convex relaxation. Second-order cone relaxation is adopted to reformulate AC power flow equations, which are then approximated by a polyhedron to improve tractability. Further, an efficient adaptive constraint generation algorithm is employed to construct the proposed dispatchable region. Case studies on distribution systems of various scales validate the computational efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.
{"title":"Dispatchable Region for Active Distribution Networks Using Approximate Second-Order Cone Relaxation","authors":"Zhigang Li;Wenjing Huang;J. H. Zheng;Q. H. Wu","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.00220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.00220","url":null,"abstract":"Uncertainty in distributed renewable generation threatens the security of power distribution systems. The concept of dispatchable region is developed to assess the ability of power systems to accommodate renewable generation at a given operating point. Although DC and linearized AC power flow equations are typically used to model dispatchable regions for transmission systems, these equations are rarely suitable for distribution networks. To achieve a suitable trade-off between accuracy and efficiency, this paper proposes a dispatchable region formulation for distribution networks using tight convex relaxation. Second-order cone relaxation is adopted to reformulate AC power flow equations, which are then approximated by a polyhedron to improve tractability. Further, an efficient adaptive constraint generation algorithm is employed to construct the proposed dispatchable region. Case studies on distribution systems of various scales validate the computational efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"9 6","pages":"1999-2007"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10106194","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138550342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With increasing restrictions on ship carbon emissions, it has become a trend for ships to use zero-carbon energy such as solar to replace traditional fossil energy. However, uncertainties of solar energy and load affect safe and stable operation of the ship microgrid. In order to deal with uncertainties and real-time requirements and promote application of ship zero-carbon energy, we propose a real-time energy management strategy based on data-driven stochastic model predictive control. First, we establish a ship photovoltaic and load scenario set considering time-sequential correlation of prediction error through three steps. Three steps include probability prediction, equal probability inverse transformation scenario set generation, and simultaneous backward method scenario set reduction. Second, combined with scenario prediction information and rolling optimization feedback correction, we propose a stochastic model predictive control energy management strategy. In each scenario, the proposed strategy has the lowest expected operational cost of control output. Then, we train the random forest machine learning regression algorithm to carry out multivariable regression on samples generated by running the stochastic model predictive control. Finally, a low-carbon ship microgrid with photovoltaic is simulated. Simulation results demonstrate the proposed strategy can achieve both real-time application of the strategy, as well as operational cost and carbon emission optimization performance close to stochastic model predictive control.
{"title":"Real-time Energy Management of Low-carbon Ship Microgrid Based on Data-driven Stochastic Model Predictive Control","authors":"Hui Hou;Ming Gan;Xixiu Wu;Kun Xie;Zeyang Fan;Changjun Xie;Ying Shi;Liang Huang","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2021.08950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2021.08950","url":null,"abstract":"With increasing restrictions on ship carbon emissions, it has become a trend for ships to use zero-carbon energy such as solar to replace traditional fossil energy. However, uncertainties of solar energy and load affect safe and stable operation of the ship microgrid. In order to deal with uncertainties and real-time requirements and promote application of ship zero-carbon energy, we propose a real-time energy management strategy based on data-driven stochastic model predictive control. First, we establish a ship photovoltaic and load scenario set considering time-sequential correlation of prediction error through three steps. Three steps include probability prediction, equal probability inverse transformation scenario set generation, and simultaneous backward method scenario set reduction. Second, combined with scenario prediction information and rolling optimization feedback correction, we propose a stochastic model predictive control energy management strategy. In each scenario, the proposed strategy has the lowest expected operational cost of control output. Then, we train the random forest machine learning regression algorithm to carry out multivariable regression on samples generated by running the stochastic model predictive control. Finally, a low-carbon ship microgrid with photovoltaic is simulated. Simulation results demonstrate the proposed strategy can achieve both real-time application of the strategy, as well as operational cost and carbon emission optimization performance close to stochastic model predictive control.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"9 4","pages":"1482-1492"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/7054730/10213441/10106187.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50425461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-20DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.06520
Kaibalya Prasad Panda;R.T. Naayagi;Pravat Kumar Ray;Gayadhar Panda
Increasing demands for improvement in power quality and power capacity have contributed to development of switched-capacitor multilevel inverters (SCMLIs). Recently developed SCMLIs enable single-stage voltage boosting, as well as inversion resulting in step-up ac output. Towards reduction in number of components, this paper introduces a boost type single-source nine-level (9-level) SCMLI employing two capacitors and three diodes. Owing to the series-parallel connection process, capacitor voltages are inherently balanced and assist in quadruple voltage boosting from a single-source. Maximum voltage stress across semiconductor devices is limited to twice input voltage only. Using a minimum number of components, the proposed SCMLI can be extended to increase voltage levels without additional dc input. Each extension module adds two additional voltage steps in the output while maintaining maximum voltage stress the same as 9-level circuit. Followed by in-depth analysis of circuit operation and power losses, a thorough comparison of recently developed single-phase 9-level MLIs is carried out, which verifies design superiority. Extensive simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the prominent features of the 9-level SCMLI under dynamic operating conditions.
{"title":"Single-source Switched-capacitor Boost Nine-level Inverter with Reduced Components","authors":"Kaibalya Prasad Panda;R.T. Naayagi;Pravat Kumar Ray;Gayadhar Panda","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.06520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.06520","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing demands for improvement in power quality and power capacity have contributed to development of switched-capacitor multilevel inverters (SCMLIs). Recently developed SCMLIs enable single-stage voltage boosting, as well as inversion resulting in step-up ac output. Towards reduction in number of components, this paper introduces a boost type single-source nine-level (9-level) SCMLI employing two capacitors and three diodes. Owing to the series-parallel connection process, capacitor voltages are inherently balanced and assist in quadruple voltage boosting from a single-source. Maximum voltage stress across semiconductor devices is limited to twice input voltage only. Using a minimum number of components, the proposed SCMLI can be extended to increase voltage levels without additional dc input. Each extension module adds two additional voltage steps in the output while maintaining maximum voltage stress the same as 9-level circuit. Followed by in-depth analysis of circuit operation and power losses, a thorough comparison of recently developed single-phase 9-level MLIs is carried out, which verifies design superiority. Extensive simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the prominent features of the 9-level SCMLI under dynamic operating conditions.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"9 5","pages":"1688-1697"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/7054730/10288371/10106209.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50327605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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