Power-to-hydrogen by electrolysis (PtHE) is a promising technology in the carbon-neutral evolution of energy. PtHE not only contributes to renewable energy integration but also accelerates decarbonization in industrial sectors through green hydrogen production. This paper presents a comprehensive review of PtHE technology. First, technical solutions in PtHE technology are introduced to clarify pros and cons of one another. Besides, the multiphysics coupling and the multi-energy flow are investigated to reveal the insight mechanism during operation of compactly assembled industrial PtHE plants. Then, the development trends of core components in PtHE plants, including electrocatalysts, electrode plates and operation strategy, are reviewed, respectively. Research thrusts needed for PtHE in carbon-neutral transition are also summarized. Finally, three configurations of the PtHE plant in energy system integration are introduced, which can achieve renewable energy integration and efficient energy utilization.
{"title":"Power-to-Hydrogen by Electrolysis in Carbon Neutrality: Technology Overview and Future Development","authors":"Zhiyao Zhong;Jiakun Fang;Kewei Hu;Danji Huang;Xiaomeng Ai;Xiaobo Yang;Jinyu Wen;Yuan Pan;Shijie Cheng","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.08850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.08850","url":null,"abstract":"Power-to-hydrogen by electrolysis (PtHE) is a promising technology in the carbon-neutral evolution of energy. PtHE not only contributes to renewable energy integration but also accelerates decarbonization in industrial sectors through green hydrogen production. This paper presents a comprehensive review of PtHE technology. First, technical solutions in PtHE technology are introduced to clarify pros and cons of one another. Besides, the multiphysics coupling and the multi-energy flow are investigated to reveal the insight mechanism during operation of compactly assembled industrial PtHE plants. Then, the development trends of core components in PtHE plants, including electrocatalysts, electrode plates and operation strategy, are reviewed, respectively. Research thrusts needed for PtHE in carbon-neutral transition are also summarized. Finally, three configurations of the PtHE plant in energy system integration are introduced, which can achieve renewable energy integration and efficient energy utilization.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"9 4","pages":"1266-1283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/7054730/10213441/10165640.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50352010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.00720
Danman Wu;Wei Wei;Jiayu Bai;Shengwei Mei
With growing public awareness of decarbonization and increasing penetration of renewable generation, energy storage is in great need. Advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage (AA-CAES) is capable of producing power, heating and cooling, making it an ideal choice of an environmental-friendly energy hub. This paper proposes an energy and exergy efficiency analysis for an AA-CAES based trigeneration energy hub. Impact of power storage and heat load supply rates on energy output efficiency and total exergy losses are analyzed. Based on the proposed model, optimal configuration of power storage and heat load supply rates can be determined under different purposes. According to basic thermodynamic principles, the proposed method calculates trigeneration capability estimates considering energy grade difference and multi-dimension energy distribution, which can demonstrate more energy conversion properties of the system. Case studies verify that the proposed method can provide various characteristic analyses for an energy hub and its application in actual systems proves computation accuracy. Integrative energy efficiency is improved compared to pursuing maximum electricity-to-electricity efficiency.
{"title":"Energy and Exergy Efficiency Analysis of Advanced Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage Based Trigeneration Energy Hub","authors":"Danman Wu;Wei Wei;Jiayu Bai;Shengwei Mei","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.00720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.00720","url":null,"abstract":"With growing public awareness of decarbonization and increasing penetration of renewable generation, energy storage is in great need. Advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage (AA-CAES) is capable of producing power, heating and cooling, making it an ideal choice of an environmental-friendly energy hub. This paper proposes an energy and exergy efficiency analysis for an AA-CAES based trigeneration energy hub. Impact of power storage and heat load supply rates on energy output efficiency and total exergy losses are analyzed. Based on the proposed model, optimal configuration of power storage and heat load supply rates can be determined under different purposes. According to basic thermodynamic principles, the proposed method calculates trigeneration capability estimates considering energy grade difference and multi-dimension energy distribution, which can demonstrate more energy conversion properties of the system. Case studies verify that the proposed method can provide various characteristic analyses for an energy hub and its application in actual systems proves computation accuracy. Integrative energy efficiency is improved compared to pursuing maximum electricity-to-electricity efficiency.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"9 6","pages":"2409-2422"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10165680","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138550341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.09040
Xuewei Wu;Bin Zhang;Mads Pagh Nielsen;Zhe Chen
This paper proposes a neural network based feasible region approximation model of a district heating system (DHS), and it is intended to be used for optimal operation of integrated electricity and heating system (IEHS) considering privacy protection. In this model, a neural network is trained to approximate the feasible region of the DHS operation and then is reformulated as a set of mixed-integer linear constraints. Based on the received approximation models of DHSs and detailed electricity system model, the electricity operator conducts centralized optimization, and then sends specific heating generation plans back to corresponding heating operators. Furthermore, subsequent optimization is formulated for each DHS to obtain detailed operation strategy based on received heating generation plan. In this scheme, optimization of the IEHS could be achieved and privacy protection requirement is satisfied since the feasible region approximation model does not contain detailed system parameters. Case studies conducted on a small-scale system demonstrate accuracy of the proposed strategy and a large-scale system verify its application possibility.
{"title":"Neural Network Based Fea sible Region Approximation Model for Optimal Operation of Integrated Electricity and Heating System","authors":"Xuewei Wu;Bin Zhang;Mads Pagh Nielsen;Zhe Chen","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.09040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.09040","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a neural network based feasible region approximation model of a district heating system (DHS), and it is intended to be used for optimal operation of integrated electricity and heating system (IEHS) considering privacy protection. In this model, a neural network is trained to approximate the feasible region of the DHS operation and then is reformulated as a set of mixed-integer linear constraints. Based on the received approximation models of DHSs and detailed electricity system model, the electricity operator conducts centralized optimization, and then sends specific heating generation plans back to corresponding heating operators. Furthermore, subsequent optimization is formulated for each DHS to obtain detailed operation strategy based on received heating generation plan. In this scheme, optimization of the IEHS could be achieved and privacy protection requirement is satisfied since the feasible region approximation model does not contain detailed system parameters. Case studies conducted on a small-scale system demonstrate accuracy of the proposed strategy and a large-scale system verify its application possibility.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"9 5","pages":"1808-1819"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/7054730/10288371/10165682.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50327523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.04620
Wenwen Zhang;Longlong Chen;Xiaoguang Wei;Guangfu Tang;Lei Qi;Chong Gao;Zhiyuan He
Because of its controlled power factor and no commutation failure, current source converter (CSC) made up of reverse-blocking IGCTs (RB-IGCTs) offers broad application prospects in the field of HVDC system. Valve voltage and power operating range as the most important operating characteristics should be paid attention to but they are always contradictory. First, the relationship between valve voltage and modulation index is obtained. In particular, valve voltage of converter under the three typical modulation methods is compared, analyzed, and verified. Second, with the help of the independent control strategy and coordinated control strategy of both ends, power operating ranges of the three modulation methods are comprehensively analyzed and compared. Third, in order to solve power coupling at a low active power, the improved coordination control strategy at both ends in this paper is proposed and the relationships among active power, reactive power, DC current and phase angle difference are given in detail. Finally, a 500 kV/3 kA simulation system was built in PSCAD/EMTDC to obtain comparison results of the key operating characteristics of CSC under different modulation methods and the converter can realize unity power operation under random active power after adopting the improved coordinated control strategy, and DC current does not decrease to zero, verifying effectiveness of the coordinated control strategy.
{"title":"Comparisons and Improvements of Key Operating Characteristics of Current Source Converter Applied in HVDC System","authors":"Wenwen Zhang;Longlong Chen;Xiaoguang Wei;Guangfu Tang;Lei Qi;Chong Gao;Zhiyuan He","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.04620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.04620","url":null,"abstract":"Because of its controlled power factor and no commutation failure, current source converter (CSC) made up of reverse-blocking IGCTs (RB-IGCTs) offers broad application prospects in the field of HVDC system. Valve voltage and power operating range as the most important operating characteristics should be paid attention to but they are always contradictory. First, the relationship between valve voltage and modulation index is obtained. In particular, valve voltage of converter under the three typical modulation methods is compared, analyzed, and verified. Second, with the help of the independent control strategy and coordinated control strategy of both ends, power operating ranges of the three modulation methods are comprehensively analyzed and compared. Third, in order to solve power coupling at a low active power, the improved coordination control strategy at both ends in this paper is proposed and the relationships among active power, reactive power, DC current and phase angle difference are given in detail. Finally, a 500 kV/3 kA simulation system was built in PSCAD/EMTDC to obtain comparison results of the key operating characteristics of CSC under different modulation methods and the converter can realize unity power operation under random active power after adopting the improved coordinated control strategy, and DC current does not decrease to zero, verifying effectiveness of the coordinated control strategy.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"9 5","pages":"1601-1612"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/7054730/10288371/10165668.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50327608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}