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Power-to-Hydrogen by Electrolysis in Carbon Neutrality: Technology Overview and Future Development 碳中和电解发电制氢技术综述及未来发展
2区 工程技术 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.08850
Zhiyao Zhong;Jiakun Fang;Kewei Hu;Danji Huang;Xiaomeng Ai;Xiaobo Yang;Jinyu Wen;Yuan Pan;Shijie Cheng
Power-to-hydrogen by electrolysis (PtHE) is a promising technology in the carbon-neutral evolution of energy. PtHE not only contributes to renewable energy integration but also accelerates decarbonization in industrial sectors through green hydrogen production. This paper presents a comprehensive review of PtHE technology. First, technical solutions in PtHE technology are introduced to clarify pros and cons of one another. Besides, the multiphysics coupling and the multi-energy flow are investigated to reveal the insight mechanism during operation of compactly assembled industrial PtHE plants. Then, the development trends of core components in PtHE plants, including electrocatalysts, electrode plates and operation strategy, are reviewed, respectively. Research thrusts needed for PtHE in carbon-neutral transition are also summarized. Finally, three configurations of the PtHE plant in energy system integration are introduced, which can achieve renewable energy integration and efficient energy utilization.
电解发电制氢(PtHE)是碳中和的能源演化中一种很有前途的技术。PtHE不仅有助于可再生能源的整合,而且通过绿色氢气生产加速了工业部门的脱碳。本文对PtHE技术进行了全面的综述。首先,介绍了PtHE技术中的技术解决方案,以澄清彼此的优缺点。此外,还研究了多物理耦合和多能量流,以揭示紧凑组装工业PtHE装置运行过程中的洞察机制。然后,分别综述了PtHE装置核心部件的发展趋势,包括电催化剂、电极板和操作策略。总结了在碳中和的过渡过程中PtHE所需的研究重点。最后,介绍了PtHE工厂在能源系统集成中的三种配置,可以实现可再生能源集成和能源高效利用。
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引用次数: 0
Neural Network Based Fea sible Region Approximation Model for Optimal Operation of Integrated Electricity and Heating System 基于神经网络的电热一体化系统优化运行的可能区域近似模型
2区 工程技术 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.09040
Xuewei Wu;Bin Zhang;Mads Pagh Nielsen;Zhe Chen
This paper proposes a neural network based feasible region approximation model of a district heating system (DHS), and it is intended to be used for optimal operation of integrated electricity and heating system (IEHS) considering privacy protection. In this model, a neural network is trained to approximate the feasible region of the DHS operation and then is reformulated as a set of mixed-integer linear constraints. Based on the received approximation models of DHSs and detailed electricity system model, the electricity operator conducts centralized optimization, and then sends specific heating generation plans back to corresponding heating operators. Furthermore, subsequent optimization is formulated for each DHS to obtain detailed operation strategy based on received heating generation plan. In this scheme, optimization of the IEHS could be achieved and privacy protection requirement is satisfied since the feasible region approximation model does not contain detailed system parameters. Case studies conducted on a small-scale system demonstrate accuracy of the proposed strategy and a large-scale system verify its application possibility.
本文提出了一种基于神经网络的区域供热系统可行区域近似模型,旨在用于考虑隐私保护的综合供热系统的优化运行。在该模型中,训练神经网络来近似DHS操作的可行区域,然后将其重新表述为一组混合整数线性约束。电力运营商根据收到的DHS近似模型和详细的电力系统模型进行集中优化,然后将具体的供热计划发送回相应的供热运营商。此外,根据接收到的供热计划,为每个DHS制定后续优化,以获得详细的运行策略。在该方案中,由于可行区域近似模型不包含详细的系统参数,因此可以实现IEHS的优化,并满足隐私保护要求。在一个小规模系统上进行的案例研究证明了所提出的策略的准确性,并在一个大型系统上验证了其应用的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Comparisons and Improvements of Key Operating Characteristics of Current Source Converter Applied in HVDC System 直流输电系统中电流源换流器关键工作特性的比较与改进
2区 工程技术 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.04620
Wenwen Zhang;Longlong Chen;Xiaoguang Wei;Guangfu Tang;Lei Qi;Chong Gao;Zhiyuan He
Because of its controlled power factor and no commutation failure, current source converter (CSC) made up of reverse-blocking IGCTs (RB-IGCTs) offers broad application prospects in the field of HVDC system. Valve voltage and power operating range as the most important operating characteristics should be paid attention to but they are always contradictory. First, the relationship between valve voltage and modulation index is obtained. In particular, valve voltage of converter under the three typical modulation methods is compared, analyzed, and verified. Second, with the help of the independent control strategy and coordinated control strategy of both ends, power operating ranges of the three modulation methods are comprehensively analyzed and compared. Third, in order to solve power coupling at a low active power, the improved coordination control strategy at both ends in this paper is proposed and the relationships among active power, reactive power, DC current and phase angle difference are given in detail. Finally, a 500 kV/3 kA simulation system was built in PSCAD/EMTDC to obtain comparison results of the key operating characteristics of CSC under different modulation methods and the converter can realize unity power operation under random active power after adopting the improved coordinated control strategy, and DC current does not decrease to zero, verifying effectiveness of the coordinated control strategy.
由反向阻塞IGCT(RB IGCT)组成的电流源换流器(CSC)由于其可控的功率因数和无换向故障,在高压直流系统领域具有广阔的应用前景。阀门电压和功率工作范围作为最重要的工作特性应该引起重视,但它们总是相互矛盾的。首先,得到了阀门电压与调制指数之间的关系。特别是对三种典型调制方式下变换器的阀电压进行了比较、分析和验证。其次,借助于两端的独立控制策略和协调控制策略,对三种调制方式的功率工作范围进行了综合分析和比较。第三,为了解决低有功功率下的功率耦合问题,提出了改进的两端协调控制策略,并详细给出了有功功率、无功功率、直流电流和相位差之间的关系。最后,在PSCAD/EMTDC中建立了一个500kV/3kA的仿真系统,对CSC在不同调制方式下的关键工作特性进行了比较,采用改进的协调控制策略后,变换器可以在随机有功功率下实现单位功率运行,直流电流不会降至零,验证协调控制策略的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Energy and Exergy Efficiency Analysis of Advanced Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage Based Trigeneration Energy Hub 基于先进绝热压缩空气储能技术的三联供能源枢纽的能效和能效分析
IF 7.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.00720
Danman Wu;Wei Wei;Jiayu Bai;Shengwei Mei
With growing public awareness of decarbonization and increasing penetration of renewable generation, energy storage is in great need. Advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage (AA-CAES) is capable of producing power, heating and cooling, making it an ideal choice of an environmental-friendly energy hub. This paper proposes an energy and exergy efficiency analysis for an AA-CAES based trigeneration energy hub. Impact of power storage and heat load supply rates on energy output efficiency and total exergy losses are analyzed. Based on the proposed model, optimal configuration of power storage and heat load supply rates can be determined under different purposes. According to basic thermodynamic principles, the proposed method calculates trigeneration capability estimates considering energy grade difference and multi-dimension energy distribution, which can demonstrate more energy conversion properties of the system. Case studies verify that the proposed method can provide various characteristic analyses for an energy hub and its application in actual systems proves computation accuracy. Integrative energy efficiency is improved compared to pursuing maximum electricity-to-electricity efficiency.
随着公众对去碳化的认识不断提高以及可再生能源发电渗透率的不断增加,对储能的需求也越来越大。先进的绝热压缩空气储能(AA-CAES)能够发电、供热和制冷,是环境友好型能源枢纽的理想选择。本文提出了基于 AA-CAES 的三发电能源枢纽的能量和放能效率分析。分析了电力存储和热负荷供应率对能量输出效率和总放热损失的影响。根据所提出的模型,可以确定不同目的下电力储存和热负荷供应率的最佳配置。根据热力学基本原理,所提出的方法考虑了能量级差和多维能量分布,计算出了三联供能力估算值,可以展示系统更多的能量转换特性。案例研究验证了所提出的方法可以为能源枢纽提供各种特性分析,其在实际系统中的应用也证明了计算的准确性。与追求最大电能转换效率相比,综合能效得到了提高。
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引用次数: 0
Chain Rule for Extracting Resilience Procurement Costs from Locational Marginal Prices 从当地边际价格中提取复原力采购成本的连锁规则
IF 7.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.04830
Yifei Wang;Tong Zhu;Tiancong Chen;Mohammad Shahidehpour;Qingshan Xu
Power system resilience procurement costs in $N$ - $k$ contingencies have gained more prominence as number of extreme events continues to increase. A chain rule is presented in this paper for extracting resilience procurement costs from a fully decomposed locational marginal price (LMP) model. First, power transfer distribution factor (PTDF) matrices with AC power flow (i.e., AC-PTDF) are determined. AC-PTDF and AC-LODF (line outage distribution factor) equations are derived for $N$ - $k$ contingencies and a fully decomposed LMP model is developed where generation and transmission security components are established for specific contingencies. Furthermore, resilience procurement costs can be measured at different buses for the proposed security components. Impact of $N$ - $k$ contingencies on resilience procurement costs at specific buses can be determined as proposed security components will gain more insight for resilience procurement in power systems. The modified IEEE 6-bus and 118-bus systems are adopted to verify effectiveness of the proposed resilience procurement method.
随着极端事件数量的不断增加,电力系统在 $N$ - $k$ 应急情况下的复原力采购成本日益突出。本文提出了一种从完全分解的局部边际价格(LMP)模型中提取弹性采购成本的连锁规则。首先,确定交流功率流(即 AC-PTDF)的功率转移分配系数(PTDF)矩阵。针对 $N$ - $k$ 突发事件推导出 AC-PTDF 和 AC-LODF(线路停电分配系数)方程,并开发出一个完全分解的 LMP 模型,其中针对特定突发事件建立了发电和输电安全组件。此外,还可在不同的总线上测量拟议安全组件的恢复能力采购成本。可以确定 $N$ - $k$ 突发事件对特定总线的恢复能力采购成本的影响,因为所提出的安全组件将为电力系统的恢复能力采购提供更多启示。采用修改后的 IEEE 6 总线和 118 总线系统来验证建议的弹性采购方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Composite Converter Combined APFC with Switched-capacitor Converter 带开关电容器转换器的 APFC 组合式复合转换器
IF 7.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.01980
Qing Fu;Yishan Chen;Yixing Su;Yang Hang
To reduce switch numbers and voltage stress in semiconductor devices, this paper proposes a novel single-phase converter combined Active Power Factor Correction (APFC) with switched-capacitor converter. In addition, dynamic voltage regulation and voltage gain are improved by integrating the boost converter and switching capacitor cells. The interstage bulk capacitor is no longer needed. An average current control with redistribution of voltage in cells is proposed to obtain voltage lift ability of the switching capacitor cells and maintain a high-power factor. To study and verify the proposed converter preliminarily, theoretical analysis and simulation are presented in the paper. Furthermore, a 500 W prototype with two different configurations is built for experimental verification. The proposed converter can reach 95.62% of maximum efficiency, 0.99 of power factor, and 3.55% of THD with 600 V output voltage, simultaneously.
为了减少半导体器件中的开关数量和电压应力,本文提出了一种新型单相转换器,将有源功率因数校正(APFC)与开关电容器转换器相结合。此外,通过集成升压转换器和开关电容器单元,动态电压调节和电压增益也得到了改善。不再需要级间大容量电容器。为了获得开关电容器单元的电压提升能力并保持高功率因数,提出了一种在单元中重新分配电压的平均电流控制方法。为了初步研究和验证所提出的转换器,本文进行了理论分析和仿真。此外,还制作了一个具有两种不同配置的 500 W 原型进行实验验证。所提出的转换器在 600 V 输出电压下可同时达到 95.62% 的最高效率、0.99 的功率因数和 3.55% 的总谐波失真。
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引用次数: 0
Distributed and Risk-Averse ADP Algorithm for Stochastic Economic Dispatch of Power System with Multiple Offshore Wind Farms 多海上风电场电力系统随机经济调度的分布式风险规避 ADP 算法
IF 6.9 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.03890
Xiangyong Feng;Shunjiang Lin;Yutao Liang;Guansheng Fan;Mingbo Liu
With more and more offshore wind power being increasingly connected to power grids, fluctuations in offshore wind speeds result in risks of high operation costs. To mitigate this problem, a risk-averse stochastic economic dispatch (ED) model of power system with multiple offshore wind farms (OWFs) is proposed in this paper. In this model, a novel GlueVaR method is used to measure the tail risk of the probability distribution of operation cost. The weighted sum of the expected operation cost and the GlueVaR is used to reflect the risk of operation cost, which can consider different risk requirements including risk aversion and risk neutrality flexibly by adjusting parameters. Then, a risk-averse approximate dynamic programming (ADP) algorithm is designed for solving the proposed model, in which multi-period ED problem is decoupled into a series of single-period ED problems. Besides, GlueVaR is introduced into the approximate value function training process for risk aversion. Finally, a distributed and risk-averse ADP algorithm is constructed based on the alternating direction method of multipliers, which can further decouple single-period ED between transmission system and multiple OWFs for ensuring information privacy. Case studies on the modified IEEE 39-bus system with an OWF and an actual provincial power system with four OWFs demonstrate correctness and efficiency of the proposed model and algorithm.
随着越来越多的海上风电接入电网,海上风速的波动导致了高运营成本的风险。为缓解这一问题,本文提出了一种具有多个海上风电场(OWFs)的电力系统风险规避随机经济调度(ED)模型。在该模型中,使用了一种新颖的 GlueVaR 方法来衡量运行成本概率分布的尾部风险。采用预期运营成本与 GlueVaR 的加权和来反映运营成本的风险,通过调整参数,可灵活考虑不同的风险要求,包括风险规避和风险中性。然后,设计了一种风险规避近似动态程序设计(ADP)算法来求解所提出的模型,将多期 ED 问题解耦为一系列单期 ED 问题。此外,在近似值函数训练过程中引入了 GlueVaR 以规避风险。最后,基于乘法交替方向法构建了分布式风险规避 ADP 算法,该算法可进一步解耦传输系统与多个 OWF 之间的单周期 ED,从而确保信息隐私。对带有一个 OWF 的改进型 IEEE 39 总线系统和带有四个 OWF 的实际省级电力系统进行的案例研究证明了所提模型和算法的正确性和高效性。
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引用次数: 0
Transient Stability Analysis of Large-scale Power Systems: A Survey 大型电力系统暂态稳定分析综述
2区 工程技术 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-04-20 DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.07110
Qing-Hua Wu;Yuqing Lin;Chao Hong;Yinsheng Su;Tianhao Wen;Yang Liu
Transient stability analysis is a key problem in power system operation and planning. This paper aims at giving a comprehensive review on the modeling ideas and analysis methods for transient stability of large-scale power systems. For model construction, the general modeling of traditional power systems and special modeling for renewable generations and high-voltage direct-current transmissions are introduced. For transient stability analysis, Lyapunov based methods and non-Lyapunov based methods are thoroughly reviewed. In Lyapunov based methods, we focus on the energy function method, the sum-of-squares based method and decentralized stability analysis methods. Meanwhile, in non-Lyapunov based methods, the time-domain simulation, extended equal-area criterion and data-driven based methods are considered. The basic working principles, features and recent research progresses of all the above-mentioned methods are described in detail. In particular, their performances on several aspects, such as computational speed, conservativeness of stability region estimation or stability margin calculation, and adaptability to various types of system models, are mentioned. Finally, a brief discussion of potential directions for future research on transient stability analysis of large-scale power systems is included.
暂态稳定分析是电力系统运行和规划中的一个关键问题。本文旨在对大型电力系统暂态稳定的建模思想和分析方法进行全面综述。在模型构建方面,介绍了传统电力系统的通用建模以及可再生能源发电和高压直流输电的特殊建模。对于瞬态稳定性分析,全面回顾了基于李雅普诺夫的方法和非李雅普ov的方法。在基于李雅普诺夫的方法中,我们重点研究了能量函数法、基于平方和的方法和分散稳定性分析方法。同时,在非李雅普诺夫方法中,考虑了时域仿真、扩展等面积准则和基于数据驱动的方法。详细介绍了上述方法的基本工作原理、特点和最新研究进展。特别提到了它们在计算速度、稳定区域估计或稳定裕度计算的保守性以及对各种类型系统模型的适应性等几个方面的性能。最后,简要讨论了未来大规模电力系统暂态稳定分析研究的潜在方向。
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引用次数: 2
Hybrid Physics and Data-driven Contingency Filtering for Security Operation of Micro Energy-water Nexus 混合物理和数据驱动的应急过滤在微能水Nexus安全运行中的应用
2区 工程技术 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-04-20 DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.07240
Mostafa Goodarzi;Qifeng Li
This paper investigates a novel engineering problem, i.e., security-constrained multi-period operation of micro energy-water nexuses. This problem is computationally challenging because of its high nonlinearity, nonconvexity, and large dimension. We propose a two-stage iterative algorithm employing a hybrid physics and data-driven contingency filtering (CF) method and convexification to solve it. The convexified master problem is solved in the first stage by considering the base case operation and binding contingencies set (BCS). The second stage updates BCS using physics-based data-driven methods, which include dynamic and filtered data sets. This method is faster than existing CF methods because it relies on offline optimization problems and contains a limited number of online optimization problems. We validate effectiveness of the proposed method using two different case studies: the IEEE 13-bus power system with the EPANET 8-node water system and the IEEE 33-bus power system with the Otsfeld 13-node water system.
本文研究了一个新的工程问题,即微能供水系统的安全约束多周期运行。这个问题由于其高非线性、非凸性和大维数而在计算上具有挑战性。我们提出了一种两阶段迭代算法,采用混合物理和数据驱动的偶然性滤波(CF)方法和对流化来求解它。在第一阶段,通过考虑基本情况运算和绑定偶然性集(BCS)来求解对流的主问题。第二阶段使用基于物理的数据驱动方法更新BCS,其中包括动态和过滤数据集。这种方法比现有的CF方法更快,因为它依赖于离线优化问题,并且包含有限数量的在线优化问题。我们使用两个不同的案例研究验证了所提出方法的有效性:带有EPANET 8节点水系统的IEEE 13总线电力系统和带有Otsfeld 13节点水系统。
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引用次数: 1
Resilience-Oriented Restoration Strategy by Offshore Wind Power Considering Risk 考虑风险的海上风电以复原力为导向的恢复战略
IF 7.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-04-20 DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.07710
Junjie Rong;Ming Zhou;Gengyin Li
Global climate changes have created intense natural disasters such as typhoons, which may cause serious damage to power systems. As an emerging renewable energy resource, off-shore wind power has great potential in power systems resilience enhancement with its rapid start-up capability and development of anti-typhoon technology. In this paper, a restoration strategy by offshore wind power considering risk is proposed to speed up the restoration process and enhance system resilience. Specifically, a failure risk model of an individual wind turbine and then the whole wind farm is built for predicting severe weather's impact, with focus on failure probability. Further, a quantification model of resilience enhancement and risk cost, based on customer interruption cost assessment method, is introduced. Then, a two-stage optimized decision-making model is proposed to solve the scheme of offshore wind power and conventional power units in load restoration process. Case studies are undertaken on a modified IEEE RTS-79 system and results indicate the proposed restoration strategy can shorten duration of restoration and reduce customers' economic losses meanwhile ensuring system safety.
全球气候变化导致台风等自然灾害频发,可能对电力系统造成严重破坏。作为一种新兴的可再生能源,海上风电凭借其快速启动能力和抗台风技术的发展,在增强电力系统抗灾能力方面具有巨大潜力。本文提出了一种考虑风险的海上风电修复策略,以加快修复过程,增强系统恢复能力。具体而言,本文建立了单个风力涡轮机和整个风电场的故障风险模型,用于预测恶劣天气的影响,重点关注故障概率。此外,还引入了基于客户中断成本评估方法的恢复能力增强和风险成本量化模型。然后,提出了一个两阶段优化决策模型,以解决负载恢复过程中的海上风电和常规电力机组方案。对修改后的 IEEE RTS-79 系统进行了案例研究,结果表明所提出的恢复策略可以缩短恢复时间,减少客户的经济损失,同时确保系统安全。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems
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