The rapid development of wind energy in the power sectors raises the question about the reliability of wind turbines for power system planning and operation. The electrical subsystem of wind turbines (ESWT), which is one of the most vulnerable parts of the wind turbine, is investigated in this paper. The hygrothermal aging of power electronic devices (PEDs) is modeled for the first time in the comprehensive reliability evaluation of ESWT, by using a novel stationary “circuit-like” approach. First, the failure mechanism of the hygrothermal aging, which includes the solder layer fatigue damage and packaging material performance degradation, is explained. Then, a moisture diffusion resistance concept and a hygrothermal equivalent circuit are proposed to quantitate the hygrothermal aging behavior. A conditional probability function is developed to calculate the time-varying failure rate of PEDs. At last, the stochastic renewal process is simulated to evaluate the reliability for ESWT through the sequential Monte Carlo simulation, in which failure, repair, and replacement states of devices are all included. The effectiveness of our proposed reliability evaluation method is verified on an ESWT in a 2 MW wind turbine use time series data collected from a wind farm in China.
{"title":"Reliability Evaluation of Electrical Subsystem in Wind Turbines Considering Hygrothermal Aging of Power Electronic Devices","authors":"Xueying Yu;Kaigui Xie;Changzheng Shao;Bo Hu;Yinzhe Hu;Wenyuan Li;Jinfeng Ding","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.02150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.02150","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid development of wind energy in the power sectors raises the question about the reliability of wind turbines for power system planning and operation. The electrical subsystem of wind turbines (ESWT), which is one of the most vulnerable parts of the wind turbine, is investigated in this paper. The hygrothermal aging of power electronic devices (PEDs) is modeled for the first time in the comprehensive reliability evaluation of ESWT, by using a novel stationary “circuit-like” approach. First, the failure mechanism of the hygrothermal aging, which includes the solder layer fatigue damage and packaging material performance degradation, is explained. Then, a moisture diffusion resistance concept and a hygrothermal equivalent circuit are proposed to quantitate the hygrothermal aging behavior. A conditional probability function is developed to calculate the time-varying failure rate of PEDs. At last, the stochastic renewal process is simulated to evaluate the reliability for ESWT through the sequential Monte Carlo simulation, in which failure, repair, and replacement states of devices are all included. The effectiveness of our proposed reliability evaluation method is verified on an ESWT in a 2 MW wind turbine use time series data collected from a wind farm in China.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"12 1","pages":"329-338"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10436599","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-14DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.06900
Yi Wang;Yanxin Liu;Mingdong Wang;Venkata Dinavahi;Jun Liang;Yonghui Sun
With the increasing demand for power system stability and resilience, effective real-time tracking plays a crucial role in smart grid synchronization. However, most studies have focused on measurement noise, while they seldom think about the problem of measurement data loss in smart power grid synchronization. To solve this problem, a resilient fault-tolerant extended Kalman filter (RFTEKF) is proposed to track voltage amplitude, voltage phase angle and frequency dynamically. First, a three-phase unbalanced network's positive sequence fast estimation model is established. Then, the loss phenomenon of measurements occurs randomly, and the randomness of data loss's randomness is defined by discrete interval distribution [0], [1]. Subsequently, a resilient fault-tolerant extended Kalman filter based on the real-time estimation framework is designed using the time-stamp technique to acquire partial data loss information. Finally, extensive simulation results manifest the proposed RFTEKF can synchronize the smart grid more effectively than the traditional extended Kalman filter (EKF).
{"title":"Resilient Smart Power Grid Synchronization Estimation Method for System Resilience with Partial Missing Measurements","authors":"Yi Wang;Yanxin Liu;Mingdong Wang;Venkata Dinavahi;Jun Liang;Yonghui Sun","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.06900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.06900","url":null,"abstract":"With the increasing demand for power system stability and resilience, effective real-time tracking plays a crucial role in smart grid synchronization. However, most studies have focused on measurement noise, while they seldom think about the problem of measurement data loss in smart power grid synchronization. To solve this problem, a resilient fault-tolerant extended Kalman filter (RFTEKF) is proposed to track voltage amplitude, voltage phase angle and frequency dynamically. First, a three-phase unbalanced network's positive sequence fast estimation model is established. Then, the loss phenomenon of measurements occurs randomly, and the randomness of data loss's randomness is defined by discrete interval distribution [0], [1]. Subsequently, a resilient fault-tolerant extended Kalman filter based on the real-time estimation framework is designed using the time-stamp technique to acquire partial data loss information. Finally, extensive simulation results manifest the proposed RFTEKF can synchronize the smart grid more effectively than the traditional extended Kalman filter (EKF).","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"10 3","pages":"1307-1319"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10436622","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141304108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The deterioration of winding defects is one of the important causes of power transformer fires and even explosion failures. The change of leakage magnetic field distribution is the most direct response to winding defects. Currently there are few sensors suitable for online measurement of the internal magnetic field of transformers. Based on the Faraday magneto-optical effect, a magnetic field sensor with wide range and high sensitivity is proposed in this paper, which is suitable for the interior use of transformers. The straight-through optical structure with interior polarizer is adopted, and the sensor has a measurement range of 1.5 T and a sensitivity of 1 mT. It also possesses a small size, with a length of about 30 mm after encapsulation. The influence mechanism of vibration and temperature is revealed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. It is proposed to filter out the interference of vibration by characteristic frequency analysis and to compensate for temperature by a two-probe structure. An anti-interference test verifies the effectiveness of this method, and it can reduce the error from 80.56% to 2.63% under the combined interference of vibration and temperature.
{"title":"Optical Sensor with Wide Range and High Sensitivity for Internal Magnetic Field Detection of Transformer","authors":"Meng Huang;Wei Zheng;Tong Ji;Mao Ji;Tianjiao Pu;Bo Qi","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.07270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.07270","url":null,"abstract":"The deterioration of winding defects is one of the important causes of power transformer fires and even explosion failures. The change of leakage magnetic field distribution is the most direct response to winding defects. Currently there are few sensors suitable for online measurement of the internal magnetic field of transformers. Based on the Faraday magneto-optical effect, a magnetic field sensor with wide range and high sensitivity is proposed in this paper, which is suitable for the interior use of transformers. The straight-through optical structure with interior polarizer is adopted, and the sensor has a measurement range of 1.5 T and a sensitivity of 1 mT. It also possesses a small size, with a length of about 30 mm after encapsulation. The influence mechanism of vibration and temperature is revealed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. It is proposed to filter out the interference of vibration by characteristic frequency analysis and to compensate for temperature by a two-probe structure. An anti-interference test verifies the effectiveness of this method, and it can reduce the error from 80.56% to 2.63% under the combined interference of vibration and temperature.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"10 5","pages":"2230-2244"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10436606","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142409042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-14DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.01670
Quan Sui;Lei Zhang
In the event of a major power outage, critical park microgrids (PMGs) could be self-sustaining if mobile emergency generators (MEGs) are stationed to share energy. However, the need for privacy protection and the value of flexible power support on minute-time scales have not been given enough attention. To address the problem, this paper proposes a new self-sustaining strategy for critical PMGs integrating MEGs. First, to promote the cooperation between PMG and MEG, a bi-level benefit distribution mechanism is designed, where the participants' multiple roles and contributions are identified, and good behaviors are also awarded. Additionally, to increase the alliance benefits, three loss coordination modes are presented to guide the power exchange at the minute level between the MEG and PMG, considering the volatility of renewable generation and load. On this basis, a multi-time scale power-energy scheduling strategy is formulated via the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) to coordinate the PMG and MEG. Finally, a dimensionality reduction technology is designed to equivalently simplify the optimization problem to facilitate the adaptive-step-based ADMM solution. Simulation studies indicate that the proposed strategy achieves the self-sustaining of PMGs integrating MEGs while increasing the economy by no less than 3.1%.
在发生重大停电事件时，如果移动应急发电机（MEG）能够共享能源，关键园区微电网（PMGs）就能自我维持。然而，隐私保护的需求和分钟级灵活电力支持的价值尚未得到足够重视。为解决这一问题，本文提出了一种新的关键永磁发电机整合移动应急发电机的自我维持策略。首先，为促进 PMG 与 MEG 之间的合作，本文设计了一种双层利益分配机制，即对参与者的多重角色和贡献进行识别，并对良好行为进行奖励。此外，考虑到可再生能源发电和负荷的波动性，为提高联盟效益，提出了三种损耗协调模式，以指导 MEG 和 PMG 在分钟级的电力交换。在此基础上，通过乘法交替方向法（ADMM）制定了多时间尺度的电力-能源调度策略，以协调 PMG 和 MEG。最后，设计了一种降维技术来等效简化优化问题，以促进基于自适应步长的 ADMM 求解。仿真研究表明，所提出的策略实现了永磁发电机与多元气体发电机的自我维持，同时提高了不少于 3.1% 的经济效益。
{"title":"Self-Sustaining of Critical Park Microgrids Integrating Mobile Emergency Generators Subjective to Major Outage","authors":"Quan Sui;Lei Zhang","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.01670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.01670","url":null,"abstract":"In the event of a major power outage, critical park microgrids (PMGs) could be self-sustaining if mobile emergency generators (MEGs) are stationed to share energy. However, the need for privacy protection and the value of flexible power support on minute-time scales have not been given enough attention. To address the problem, this paper proposes a new self-sustaining strategy for critical PMGs integrating MEGs. First, to promote the cooperation between PMG and MEG, a bi-level benefit distribution mechanism is designed, where the participants' multiple roles and contributions are identified, and good behaviors are also awarded. Additionally, to increase the alliance benefits, three loss coordination modes are presented to guide the power exchange at the minute level between the MEG and PMG, considering the volatility of renewable generation and load. On this basis, a multi-time scale power-energy scheduling strategy is formulated via the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) to coordinate the PMG and MEG. Finally, a dimensionality reduction technology is designed to equivalently simplify the optimization problem to facilitate the adaptive-step-based ADMM solution. Simulation studies indicate that the proposed strategy achieves the self-sustaining of PMGs integrating MEGs while increasing the economy by no less than 3.1%.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"10 4","pages":"1441-1453"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10436592","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141966186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the wide application of power electronized resources (PERs), the amplitude and frequency of voltages show significant time-varying characteristics under asymmetrical faults. As a result, the traditional phasor model, impedance model, and symmetrical components method based on the constant amplitude and frequency of voltages are facing great challenges. Hence, a novel asymmetrical fault analysis method based on conjugate vectors is proposed in this paper which can meet the modeling and analysis requirements of the network excited by voltages with time-varying amplitude/frequency. Furthermore, asymmetrical fault characteristics are extracted. As an application, a faulted phase identification (FPI) strategy is proposed based on the fault characteristics. The correctness and superiority of the asymmetrical fault analysis method and FPI strategy are verified in time-domain simulations and a real-time digital simulator.
{"title":"Conjugate Vectors Method Applied to Asymmetrical Fault Analysis of Power Electronized Power Systems","authors":"Yingbiao Li;Xing Liu;Jiabing Hu;Jianhang Zhu;Jianbo Guo","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.04790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.04790","url":null,"abstract":"With the wide application of power electronized resources (PERs), the amplitude and frequency of voltages show significant time-varying characteristics under asymmetrical faults. As a result, the traditional phasor model, impedance model, and symmetrical components method based on the constant amplitude and frequency of voltages are facing great challenges. Hence, a novel asymmetrical fault analysis method based on conjugate vectors is proposed in this paper which can meet the modeling and analysis requirements of the network excited by voltages with time-varying amplitude/frequency. Furthermore, asymmetrical fault characteristics are extracted. As an application, a faulted phase identification (FPI) strategy is proposed based on the fault characteristics. The correctness and superiority of the asymmetrical fault analysis method and FPI strategy are verified in time-domain simulations and a real-time digital simulator.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"10 4","pages":"1536-1549"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10436617","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141966196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-14DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.07430
Chang Yang;Zhengshuo Li;Yixun Xue
With the widespread application of combined heat and power (CHP) units, the economic dispatch of integrated electric and district heating systems (IEHSs) has drawn increasing attention. Because the electric power system (EPS) and district heating system (DHS) are generally managed separately, the decentralized dispatch pattern is preferable for the IEHS dispatch problem. However, many common decentralized methods suffer from the drawbacks of slow and local convergence. Moreover, the uncertainties of renewable generation cannot be ignored in a decentralized pattern. Additionally, the most commonly used individual chance constraints in distributionally robust optimization cannot consider safety constraints simultaneously, so the safe operation of an IEHS cannot be guaranteed. Thus, distributionally robust joint chance constraints and robust constraints are jointly introduced into the IEHS dispatch problem in this paper to obtain a stronger safety guarantee, and a method combined with Bonferroni and conditional value at risk (CVaR) approximation is presented to transform the original model into a quadratic program. Additionally, a dynamic boundary response (DBR)-based distributed algorithm based on multiparametric programming is proposed for a fast solution. Case studies showcase the necessity of using mixed distributionally robust joint chance constraints and robust constraints, as well as the effectiveness of the DBR algorithm.
{"title":"Decentralized Dispatch with Distributionally Robust Joint Chance Constraints for Integrated Electrical and Heating System via Dynamic Boundary Response","authors":"Chang Yang;Zhengshuo Li;Yixun Xue","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.07430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.07430","url":null,"abstract":"With the widespread application of combined heat and power (CHP) units, the economic dispatch of integrated electric and district heating systems (IEHSs) has drawn increasing attention. Because the electric power system (EPS) and district heating system (DHS) are generally managed separately, the decentralized dispatch pattern is preferable for the IEHS dispatch problem. However, many common decentralized methods suffer from the drawbacks of slow and local convergence. Moreover, the uncertainties of renewable generation cannot be ignored in a decentralized pattern. Additionally, the most commonly used individual chance constraints in distributionally robust optimization cannot consider safety constraints simultaneously, so the safe operation of an IEHS cannot be guaranteed. Thus, distributionally robust joint chance constraints and robust constraints are jointly introduced into the IEHS dispatch problem in this paper to obtain a stronger safety guarantee, and a method combined with Bonferroni and conditional value at risk (CVaR) approximation is presented to transform the original model into a quadratic program. Additionally, a dynamic boundary response (DBR)-based distributed algorithm based on multiparametric programming is proposed for a fast solution. Case studies showcase the necessity of using mixed distributionally robust joint chance constraints and robust constraints, as well as the effectiveness of the DBR algorithm.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"12 1","pages":"508-520"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10436608","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-28DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.02720
Lirong Deng;Xuan Zhang;Tianshu Yang;Hongbin Sun;Yang Fu;Qinglai Guo;Shmuel S. Oren
In this paper, we propose an analytical stochastic dynamic programming (SDP) algorithm to address the optimal management problem of price-maker community energy storage. As a price-maker, energy storage smooths price differences, thus decreasing energy arbitrage value. However, this price-smoothing effect can result in significant external welfare changes by reducing consumer costs and producer revenues, which is not negligible for the community with energy storage systems. As such, we formulate community storage management as an SDP that aims to maximize both energy arbitrage and community welfare. To incorporate market interaction into the SDP format, we propose a framework that derives partial but sufficient market information to approximate impact of storage operations on market prices. Then we present an analytical SDP algorithm that does not require state discretization. Apart from computational efficiency, another advantage of the analytical algorithm is to guide energy storage to charge/discharge by directly comparing its current marginal value with expected future marginal value. Case studies indicate community-owned energy storage that maximizes both arbitrage and welfare value gains more benefits than storage that maximizes only arbitrage. The proposed algorithm ensures optimality and largely reduces the computational complexity of the standard SDP.
{"title":"Energy Management of Price-Maker Community Energy Storage by Stochastic Dynamic Programming","authors":"Lirong Deng;Xuan Zhang;Tianshu Yang;Hongbin Sun;Yang Fu;Qinglai Guo;Shmuel S. Oren","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.02720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.02720","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose an analytical stochastic dynamic programming (SDP) algorithm to address the optimal management problem of price-maker community energy storage. As a price-maker, energy storage smooths price differences, thus decreasing energy arbitrage value. However, this price-smoothing effect can result in significant external welfare changes by reducing consumer costs and producer revenues, which is not negligible for the community with energy storage systems. As such, we formulate community storage management as an SDP that aims to maximize both energy arbitrage and community welfare. To incorporate market interaction into the SDP format, we propose a framework that derives partial but sufficient market information to approximate impact of storage operations on market prices. Then we present an analytical SDP algorithm that does not require state discretization. Apart from computational efficiency, another advantage of the analytical algorithm is to guide energy storage to charge/discharge by directly comparing its current marginal value with expected future marginal value. Case studies indicate community-owned energy storage that maximizes both arbitrage and welfare value gains more benefits than storage that maximizes only arbitrage. The proposed algorithm ensures optimality and largely reduces the computational complexity of the standard SDP.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"10 2","pages":"492-503"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10375969","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140351539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-28DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.01710
Mengmeng Cai;Wenbo Wang;Xin Fang;Anthony R. Florita;Michael Ingram;Dane Christensen
Modern power systems become more vulnerable to cyber threats due to their growing interconnectivity, interdependence, and complexity. Widespread deployment of distributed energy resources (DERs) further expands the threat landscape to the grid edge, where fewer cybersecurity protections exist. In this article, a systematic cyber-physical events demonstration, enabled by an integrated transmission, distribution, and communication co-simulation framework, is performed. It analyzes cyber risks to power grid under DER-enabled automatic generation control from different angles. Unlike existing works, the simulation captures millisecond-to-minutes frequency and voltage transient dynamics at a cross-region system scale.
{"title":"Demonstrating the Transient System Impact of Cyber-Physical Events Through Scalable Transmission and Distribution (T&D) Co-Simulation","authors":"Mengmeng Cai;Wenbo Wang;Xin Fang;Anthony R. Florita;Michael Ingram;Dane Christensen","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.01710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.01710","url":null,"abstract":"Modern power systems become more vulnerable to cyber threats due to their growing interconnectivity, interdependence, and complexity. Widespread deployment of distributed energy resources (DERs) further expands the threat landscape to the grid edge, where fewer cybersecurity protections exist. In this article, a systematic cyber-physical events demonstration, enabled by an integrated transmission, distribution, and communication co-simulation framework, is performed. It analyzes cyber risks to power grid under DER-enabled automatic generation control from different angles. Unlike existing works, the simulation captures millisecond-to-minutes frequency and voltage transient dynamics at a cross-region system scale.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"11 1","pages":"329-339"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10376004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-28DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.03930
Yongheng Wang;Xinwei Shen;Yan Xu
This paper proposes a collaborative planning model for active distribution network (ADN) and electric vehicle (EV) charging stations that fully considers vehicle-to-grid (V2G) function and reactive power support of EVs in different regions. This paper employs a sequential decomposition method based on physical characteristics of the problem, breaking down the holistic problem into two sub-problems for solution. Subproblem I optimizes the charging and discharging behavior of autopilot electric vehicles (AEVs) using a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model. Subproblem II uses a mixed-integer second-order cone programming (MISOCP) model to plan ADN and retrofit or construct V2G charging stations (V2GCS), as well as multiple distributed generation resources (DGRs). The paper also analyzes the impact of bi-directional active-reactive power interaction of V2GCS on ADN planning. The presented model is tested in the 47-node ADN in Longgang District, Shenzhen, China, and the IEEE 33-node ADN, demonstrating that decomposition can significantly improve the speed of solving large-scale problems while maintaining accuracy with low AEV penetration.
{"title":"Joint Planning of Active Distribution Network and EV Charging Stations Considering Vehicle-to-Grid Functionality and Reactive Power Support","authors":"Yongheng Wang;Xinwei Shen;Yan Xu","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.03930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2023.03930","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a collaborative planning model for active distribution network (ADN) and electric vehicle (EV) charging stations that fully considers vehicle-to-grid (V2G) function and reactive power support of EVs in different regions. This paper employs a sequential decomposition method based on physical characteristics of the problem, breaking down the holistic problem into two sub-problems for solution. Subproblem I optimizes the charging and discharging behavior of autopilot electric vehicles (AEVs) using a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model. Subproblem II uses a mixed-integer second-order cone programming (MISOCP) model to plan ADN and retrofit or construct V2G charging stations (V2GCS), as well as multiple distributed generation resources (DGRs). The paper also analyzes the impact of bi-directional active-reactive power interaction of V2GCS on ADN planning. The presented model is tested in the 47-node ADN in Longgang District, Shenzhen, China, and the IEEE 33-node ADN, demonstrating that decomposition can significantly improve the speed of solving large-scale problems while maintaining accuracy with low AEV penetration.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"10 5","pages":"2100-2113"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10376012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142397513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-28DOI: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.00620
Xueshen Zhao;Lin Zhu;Li Guo;Xialin Li;Zhi Wang;Hao Lu;Chengshan Wang
Due to dynamic interaction between converters, design of control parameters of multi-converters medium-voltage DC (MVDC) power system is much more complicated than of a single-converter situation. Open-loop and closed-loop transfer functions considering control-loops dynamic interaction between converters are developed, which are suitable for studying influence of control parameters on system stability. With the above transfer functions, a system-level control parameter design proce-dure for dynamic stability (e.g., oscillation frequency and damping factor) of system is proposed. If there are many converters, computational burden of system-level control parameters design procedure will be huge. For this reason, a control parameter sharing method is further proposed in this paper, which is based on dynamic interaction mechanism between converters. In this sharing method, control parameters of equivalent reduced-order model of the system are shared with each converter, so calculation burden of control parameters of system is reduced significantly. Consequently, dynamic stability of the system can be designed by equivalent reduced-order model. Experiments are conduced to validate the system-level control parameter design procedure.
{"title":"Control Parameters Design Procedure for Multi-Converters DC Power System Considering Dynamic Interaction Between Converters","authors":"Xueshen Zhao;Lin Zhu;Li Guo;Xialin Li;Zhi Wang;Hao Lu;Chengshan Wang","doi":"10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.00620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2022.00620","url":null,"abstract":"Due to dynamic interaction between converters, design of control parameters of multi-converters medium-voltage DC (MVDC) power system is much more complicated than of a single-converter situation. Open-loop and closed-loop transfer functions considering control-loops dynamic interaction between converters are developed, which are suitable for studying influence of control parameters on system stability. With the above transfer functions, a system-level control parameter design proce-dure for dynamic stability (e.g., oscillation frequency and damping factor) of system is proposed. If there are many converters, computational burden of system-level control parameters design procedure will be huge. For this reason, a control parameter sharing method is further proposed in this paper, which is based on dynamic interaction mechanism between converters. In this sharing method, control parameters of equivalent reduced-order model of the system are shared with each converter, so calculation burden of control parameters of system is reduced significantly. Consequently, dynamic stability of the system can be designed by equivalent reduced-order model. Experiments are conduced to validate the system-level control parameter design procedure.","PeriodicalId":10729,"journal":{"name":"CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems","volume":"11 2","pages":"724-738"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10375983","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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