Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.2174/0115734110314300240723050137
Maryam Zamanpour, Reza Arjmand, Jasem Saki, Neda Bavarsad, Ali Jelowdar
Introduction: Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by the Leishmania protozoa, with Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) being the most common form of the illness. Paromomycin (PM) has recently garnered increased interest for its effectiveness against Leishmania, but it is hindered by limited efficacy, low oral bioavailability, and rapid clearance. As far as we know, there have been no studies examining the impact of nano lecithin-chitosan-containing paromomycin (Nano-PM) on CL. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to create Nano-PM and assess its effects on the promastigotes in vitro and on the lesions caused by Leishmania major in the BALB/c mice model in vivo. Methods: The loading of PM into lecithin-chitosan nanoparticles was achieved using the ionic gelation method, and the resulting nanoparticles were characterized. The IC50 values for PM, Glucantim, and Nano-PM against promastigotes were determined after 24, 48, and 72 hours of treatment. The viability of promastigotes was assessed using the MTT assay. The Nano-PM formulation was administered intramuscularly to mice for a period of 28 days, during which lesion sizes were measured weekly. Furthermore, the parasite load in the infected mice was quantified using quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results: IC50 of Nano-PM was significantly lower than Glucantim (p < 0.0001 after24 h incubation, p = 0.013 for 48h and p < 0.0001 for 72 h) and PM (p < 0.0001 after24 h, p = 0.003 for 48h and p < 0.0001 for 72h). All concentrations of Nano-PM had the highest toxicity on promastigotes in comparison with other groups after 24, 48, and 72 h treatment. Moreover, a significant reduction in the lesion size was found in the Nano-PM group in comparison with the control group after three (p = 0.0369) and four (p = 0.0009) weeks of treatment. More importantly, Nano-PM significantly reduced the parasite load compared to the control and the lecithin-chitosan groups (p = 0.001 for both). Conclusion: Our findings showed that Nano-PM had lower toxicity (lower IC50) on promastigotes compared to Glucantim and PM. Moreover, Nano-PM treated mice showed reduced lesion size compared to the control group. Additionally, Nano-PM led to a significant decrease in parasite burden compared to the control group and the lecithin-chitosan group. Nevertheless, more complementary research is needed to approve our findings.
{"title":"Preparation and characterization of paromomycin encapsulated in lecithin-chitosan nanoparticles for the topical treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis","authors":"Maryam Zamanpour, Reza Arjmand, Jasem Saki, Neda Bavarsad, Ali Jelowdar","doi":"10.2174/0115734110314300240723050137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110314300240723050137","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by the Leishmania protozoa, with Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) being the most common form of the illness. Paromomycin (PM) has recently garnered increased interest for its effectiveness against Leishmania, but it is hindered by limited efficacy, low oral bioavailability, and rapid clearance. As far as we know, there have been no studies examining the impact of nano lecithin-chitosan-containing paromomycin (Nano-PM) on CL. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to create Nano-PM and assess its effects on the promastigotes in vitro and on the lesions caused by Leishmania major in the BALB/c mice model in vivo. Methods: The loading of PM into lecithin-chitosan nanoparticles was achieved using the ionic gelation method, and the resulting nanoparticles were characterized. The IC50 values for PM, Glucantim, and Nano-PM against promastigotes were determined after 24, 48, and 72 hours of treatment. The viability of promastigotes was assessed using the MTT assay. The Nano-PM formulation was administered intramuscularly to mice for a period of 28 days, during which lesion sizes were measured weekly. Furthermore, the parasite load in the infected mice was quantified using quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results: IC50 of Nano-PM was significantly lower than Glucantim (p < 0.0001 after24 h incubation, p = 0.013 for 48h and p < 0.0001 for 72 h) and PM (p < 0.0001 after24 h, p = 0.003 for 48h and p < 0.0001 for 72h). All concentrations of Nano-PM had the highest toxicity on promastigotes in comparison with other groups after 24, 48, and 72 h treatment. Moreover, a significant reduction in the lesion size was found in the Nano-PM group in comparison with the control group after three (p = 0.0369) and four (p = 0.0009) weeks of treatment. More importantly, Nano-PM significantly reduced the parasite load compared to the control and the lecithin-chitosan groups (p = 0.001 for both). Conclusion: Our findings showed that Nano-PM had lower toxicity (lower IC50) on promastigotes compared to Glucantim and PM. Moreover, Nano-PM treated mice showed reduced lesion size compared to the control group. Additionally, Nano-PM led to a significant decrease in parasite burden compared to the control group and the lecithin-chitosan group. Nevertheless, more complementary research is needed to approve our findings.","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141868007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.2174/0115734110324545240725114425
Şeyma Korkmaz, Wael Bosnali, Hafizullah Sharifi, İbrahim Ender Mülazımoğlu, Ayşen Demir Mülazımoğlu
Background: Caffeine (CAF) is a widely used chemical in foods and pharmaceuticals that is consumed by a lot of people every day. Overconsumption of caffeine can lead to some undesirable symptoms. However, CAF is considered a crucial nervous system stimulant. Aims: This study aimed to find an accurate and effective route for determining caffeine using voltammetric techniques. Objective: In this work, for the first time, a glycine (Gly) modified pencil graphite electrode (Gly/PGE) was used for the determination of caffeine (CAF) by Square Wave Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry (SWAdSV) technique. Methods: The modification procedure of PGE by Gly was accomplished by performing the cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique for 10 cycles at a potential range of 0.8 to 1.8 V. Moreover, the characterization of Gly/PGE was done by applying the CV technique in aqueous and non-aqueous media and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in addition to the SEM technique. The movement type of CAF toward Gly/PGE was proven to be a diffusion-controlled process by conducting some measurements at different scan rates. The supporting electrolyte for the determination of CAF was studied, where 100 mM of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) provided the best result. Optimization of accumulation time, pulse size, and wave frequency were implemented and found to be 60 s accumulation time, 50 mV pulse size, and 25 Hz wave frequency. The stability of Gly/PGE was studied in different mediums, such as air, ultrapure water, and acetonitrile (CH3CN). Results: The determination of CAF under optimum conditions was within the linear concentration range of 0.1–75 μM, with a correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.9990. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.070 and 0.231 μM, respectively. Conclusion: An effective voltammetric methodology was suggested to determine CAF. This methodology has great promise to be applied in different matrices to determine CAF.
{"title":"Glycine-modified Pencil Graphite Electrode as a Sensor for Caffeine Determination: A Voltammetric Study","authors":"Şeyma Korkmaz, Wael Bosnali, Hafizullah Sharifi, İbrahim Ender Mülazımoğlu, Ayşen Demir Mülazımoğlu","doi":"10.2174/0115734110324545240725114425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110324545240725114425","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Caffeine (CAF) is a widely used chemical in foods and pharmaceuticals that is consumed by a lot of people every day. Overconsumption of caffeine can lead to some undesirable symptoms. However, CAF is considered a crucial nervous system stimulant. Aims: This study aimed to find an accurate and effective route for determining caffeine using voltammetric techniques. Objective: In this work, for the first time, a glycine (Gly) modified pencil graphite electrode (Gly/PGE) was used for the determination of caffeine (CAF) by Square Wave Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry (SWAdSV) technique. Methods: The modification procedure of PGE by Gly was accomplished by performing the cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique for 10 cycles at a potential range of 0.8 to 1.8 V. Moreover, the characterization of Gly/PGE was done by applying the CV technique in aqueous and non-aqueous media and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in addition to the SEM technique. The movement type of CAF toward Gly/PGE was proven to be a diffusion-controlled process by conducting some measurements at different scan rates. The supporting electrolyte for the determination of CAF was studied, where 100 mM of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) provided the best result. Optimization of accumulation time, pulse size, and wave frequency were implemented and found to be 60 s accumulation time, 50 mV pulse size, and 25 Hz wave frequency. The stability of Gly/PGE was studied in different mediums, such as air, ultrapure water, and acetonitrile (CH3CN). Results: The determination of CAF under optimum conditions was within the linear concentration range of 0.1–75 μM, with a correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.9990. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.070 and 0.231 μM, respectively. Conclusion: An effective voltammetric methodology was suggested to determine CAF. This methodology has great promise to be applied in different matrices to determine CAF.","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141868011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.2174/0115734110306807240724064141
Anusuya M, Praveena A
aims: The present study is to investigate the prevalence of Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus in seafood sample using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR). background: The rapid detection of food borne pathogen is increasing to ensure safety to consumers as major food borne illness is caused by pathogenic bacteria. Salmonellosis caused by Salmonella sp. is one of the primary concerns in many countries. Staphylococcus aureus is capable of generating toxins which can produce food poisoning in human body. objective: The thermostable nuclease (nuc) gene of Staphylococcus aureus and enterotoxin (stn) gene of Salmonella were used as target genes for mPCR detection. method: Totally, 10 seafood which includes fishes, crab and prawns which are generally available in Indian fish markets were selected for the present study. Samples that carried both the strains Salmonella and Staphylococcus were selected for mPCR by targeting the stn and nuc gene. result: Among 10 seafood samples collected, 7 of them carried Salmonella strain and 5 of them carried Staphylococcus strains. The results showed that 75% of the salmonella strains carried stn gene and 75% of the Staphylococcus strains carried nuc gene. conclusion: This study suggests that mPCR can be used for simultaneous detection by targeting the stn gene and nuc gene of salmonella and Staphylococcus food borne pathogens in seafood. other: Not applicable
{"title":"Rapid and simultaneous detection of Salmonella Sp. and Staphylococcus aureus in seafood by Multiplex PCR (mPCR)","authors":"Anusuya M, Praveena A","doi":"10.2174/0115734110306807240724064141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110306807240724064141","url":null,"abstract":"aims: The present study is to investigate the prevalence of Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus in seafood sample using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR). background: The rapid detection of food borne pathogen is increasing to ensure safety to consumers as major food borne illness is caused by pathogenic bacteria. Salmonellosis caused by Salmonella sp. is one of the primary concerns in many countries. Staphylococcus aureus is capable of generating toxins which can produce food poisoning in human body. objective: The thermostable nuclease (nuc) gene of Staphylococcus aureus and enterotoxin (stn) gene of Salmonella were used as target genes for mPCR detection. method: Totally, 10 seafood which includes fishes, crab and prawns which are generally available in Indian fish markets were selected for the present study. Samples that carried both the strains Salmonella and Staphylococcus were selected for mPCR by targeting the stn and nuc gene. result: Among 10 seafood samples collected, 7 of them carried Salmonella strain and 5 of them carried Staphylococcus strains. The results showed that 75% of the salmonella strains carried stn gene and 75% of the Staphylococcus strains carried nuc gene. conclusion: This study suggests that mPCR can be used for simultaneous detection by targeting the stn gene and nuc gene of salmonella and Staphylococcus food borne pathogens in seafood. other: Not applicable","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141868009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-29DOI: 10.2174/0115734110319398240715050604
Jiangxiong Zhu, Yang Wang, Lumei Wang, Xueqing Geng, Linnan Yang, Ting Zhao, Yun Deng
Objective: The objective of this study is to develop a novel fluorometric aptasensor employing fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) for the detection of Cadmium (II) (Cd2+) in water and food samples. The constructed aptasensor employed a fluorophore-quencher labeled aptamer combination not previously reported for Cd2+ detection. Additionally, its simple mix-anddetect pattern without immobilization or material-assisted steps represented an innovative design. Methods: Utilizing 6-carboxyfluorescein (FAM)-modified aptamers and maleimide (BHQ-1)- modified aptamer complementary chain to construct a fluorescent detection probe, this aptasensor achieved a rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of Cd2+. Without Cd2+, the aptamer and its complementary strand undergo base pairing, bringing the FAM closer to the BHQ-1, leading to FRET and a subsequent decrease in fluorescence intensity. The introduction of Cd2+ preferentially brought to the aptamer, changing its conformation and preventing the quenching of FAM by BHQ-1, thereby restoring the fluorescence intensity of the aptasensor. Results: Following optimization of experimental parameters, the aptasensor exhibited a linear response to Cd2+ concentrations ranging from 5 to 1200 nM, with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.43 nM. The aptasensor’s performance was unaffected by the presence of various ions, indicating its high specificity. Moreover, it could rapidly and accurately detect Cd2+ in water and food samples, including tap water, lake water, grapes, cabbage, and broccoli, demonstrating its substantial potential for practical application. Conclusion: Therefore, the developed aptasensor represents an important tool for effective Cd2+ detection in water and food matrices, highlighting its potential as a critical tool for environmental monitoring and food safety.
{"title":"A Simple Aptasensor Based on Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer for the Rapid Detection of Cadmium (II) In Water And Food","authors":"Jiangxiong Zhu, Yang Wang, Lumei Wang, Xueqing Geng, Linnan Yang, Ting Zhao, Yun Deng","doi":"10.2174/0115734110319398240715050604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110319398240715050604","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this study is to develop a novel fluorometric aptasensor employing fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) for the detection of Cadmium (II) (Cd2+) in water and food samples. The constructed aptasensor employed a fluorophore-quencher labeled aptamer combination not previously reported for Cd2+ detection. Additionally, its simple mix-anddetect pattern without immobilization or material-assisted steps represented an innovative design. Methods: Utilizing 6-carboxyfluorescein (FAM)-modified aptamers and maleimide (BHQ-1)- modified aptamer complementary chain to construct a fluorescent detection probe, this aptasensor achieved a rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of Cd2+. Without Cd2+, the aptamer and its complementary strand undergo base pairing, bringing the FAM closer to the BHQ-1, leading to FRET and a subsequent decrease in fluorescence intensity. The introduction of Cd2+ preferentially brought to the aptamer, changing its conformation and preventing the quenching of FAM by BHQ-1, thereby restoring the fluorescence intensity of the aptasensor. Results: Following optimization of experimental parameters, the aptasensor exhibited a linear response to Cd2+ concentrations ranging from 5 to 1200 nM, with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.43 nM. The aptasensor’s performance was unaffected by the presence of various ions, indicating its high specificity. Moreover, it could rapidly and accurately detect Cd2+ in water and food samples, including tap water, lake water, grapes, cabbage, and broccoli, demonstrating its substantial potential for practical application. Conclusion: Therefore, the developed aptasensor represents an important tool for effective Cd2+ detection in water and food matrices, highlighting its potential as a critical tool for environmental monitoring and food safety.","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141868012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Amidst the identification of numerous secondary chemicals from Euphorbia neriifolia, there is a desperate need for the development of primary metabolite separation techniques. Objectives: In order to do that, bioactive chemicals from Euphorbia neriifolia (L.) leaf were extracted, isolated, and characterized. Subsequently, their antioxidant activity was evaluated. Methods: In this study, the determination of linoleic acid (LA) in petroleum ether extract (PEE) of Euphorbia neriifolia leaf (ENL) was carried out the first time by using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) methods. Results: The chromatographic analysis of the PEE of ENL shows better spots and well-separated peak of LA with 0.49 retention factor (Rf) value and 22.54 ng LA content. The linearity of the calibration curve ranges from 5-25 ng/spot with a high correlation coefficient. The proposed method was characterized by better accuracy close to 99.5%, well robustness, and good precision range from 0.183% (intra-day) to 0.242% (inter-day). The percentage (%) RSD, which determined the stability of standard LA, did not exceed 2% after time period of 12, 24, 36, 48, and 72 h. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of different types of low or high-molecular-weight phytocompounds of varying quantities from the fractions of ENL. The FT-IR spectrum of ICs showed various peaks that confirmed the presence of C=C bending, C-H stretching, O-H stretching, CH2 stretching, and a carboxyl group. The 1H-NMR spectrum of the ICs from ENL confirmed the presence of octadecanoic in IC1, L-(+)-ascorbic acid dihexadecanoate in IC2, hexadecanoic acid in IC3, linoleic acid in IC4, and oleic acid in IC5, respectively. IC-4 showed greater antioxidant activity in comparison to other compounds with an IC50 value of 3.9 ± 0.01 μg mL-1. Conclusion: Thus, the present study identified five different phytocompounds that may be utilized as an effective option for the cure of different diseases.
{"title":"Extraction, Isolation and Characterization of Bioactive Compounds from Euphorbia neriifolia (L.) Leaf and Evaluation of their Antioxidant Activity","authors":"Priya Chaudhary, Devendra Singh, Mukesh Meena, Pracheta Janmeda","doi":"10.2174/0115734110319220240718094750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110319220240718094750","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Amidst the identification of numerous secondary chemicals from Euphorbia neriifolia, there is a desperate need for the development of primary metabolite separation techniques. Objectives: In order to do that, bioactive chemicals from Euphorbia neriifolia (L.) leaf were extracted, isolated, and characterized. Subsequently, their antioxidant activity was evaluated. Methods: In this study, the determination of linoleic acid (LA) in petroleum ether extract (PEE) of Euphorbia neriifolia leaf (ENL) was carried out the first time by using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) methods. Results: The chromatographic analysis of the PEE of ENL shows better spots and well-separated peak of LA with 0.49 retention factor (Rf) value and 22.54 ng LA content. The linearity of the calibration curve ranges from 5-25 ng/spot with a high correlation coefficient. The proposed method was characterized by better accuracy close to 99.5%, well robustness, and good precision range from 0.183% (intra-day) to 0.242% (inter-day). The percentage (%) RSD, which determined the stability of standard LA, did not exceed 2% after time period of 12, 24, 36, 48, and 72 h. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of different types of low or high-molecular-weight phytocompounds of varying quantities from the fractions of ENL. The FT-IR spectrum of ICs showed various peaks that confirmed the presence of C=C bending, C-H stretching, O-H stretching, CH2 stretching, and a carboxyl group. The 1H-NMR spectrum of the ICs from ENL confirmed the presence of octadecanoic in IC1, L-(+)-ascorbic acid dihexadecanoate in IC2, hexadecanoic acid in IC3, linoleic acid in IC4, and oleic acid in IC5, respectively. IC-4 showed greater antioxidant activity in comparison to other compounds with an IC50 value of 3.9 ± 0.01 μg mL-1. Conclusion: Thus, the present study identified five different phytocompounds that may be utilized as an effective option for the cure of different diseases.","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141773092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-18DOI: 10.2174/0115734110304169240705112652
Chitra P, Premakumari KB, Arun Bhuvanendran
Background and Objective: Pharmaceutical companies must adhere to rules established by regulatory agencies in order to monitor pharmaceutical products for nitrosamine contamination. One type of nitrosamine that can arise during the manufacture of the drug’s formulation and substance is N-Nitroso Tofacitinib. One pollutant that causes cancer is nitrosamines. Controlling the amount of nitrosamines in pharmaceuticals and medical supplies is essential. In this study, we devised a straightforward, sophisticated LC-MS/MS approach to analyse N-Nitroso Tofacitinib present in Tofacitinib tablets. Materials and Methods: Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) experiments were optimised on Jade C18 (5μ, 150 x 4.6 mm), solvent mixture was operated in gradient program using 10mM ammonium acetate pH 3.2 and acetonitrile with 1.0 mL flow rate. Mass transition (m/z) 275.3/149.1, 275.3 /147.0, and 275.3/82.1 are used Results: The range of linearity is 0.7 - 20.0 ng/mL, with r2 of 0.9952. The Lowest Detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 0.7 ng/mL and 1.0 ng/mL respectively. The recovery repeatability was found to be within the specified range. Conclusion:: The new approach proved effective for quantifying N-Nitroso Tofacitinib impurity in Tofacitinib Tablet samples, indicating that it could be applied for regular analysis.
{"title":"An Efficient LC-MS/MS Method for Determining N-nitroso Tofacitinib Toxicity In the Tablet Form","authors":"Chitra P, Premakumari KB, Arun Bhuvanendran","doi":"10.2174/0115734110304169240705112652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110304169240705112652","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Pharmaceutical companies must adhere to rules established by regulatory agencies in order to monitor pharmaceutical products for nitrosamine contamination. One type of nitrosamine that can arise during the manufacture of the drug’s formulation and substance is N-Nitroso Tofacitinib. One pollutant that causes cancer is nitrosamines. Controlling the amount of nitrosamines in pharmaceuticals and medical supplies is essential. In this study, we devised a straightforward, sophisticated LC-MS/MS approach to analyse N-Nitroso Tofacitinib present in Tofacitinib tablets. Materials and Methods: Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) experiments were optimised on Jade C18 (5μ, 150 x 4.6 mm), solvent mixture was operated in gradient program using 10mM ammonium acetate pH 3.2 and acetonitrile with 1.0 mL flow rate. Mass transition (m/z) 275.3/149.1, 275.3 /147.0, and 275.3/82.1 are used Results: The range of linearity is 0.7 - 20.0 ng/mL, with r2 of 0.9952. The Lowest Detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 0.7 ng/mL and 1.0 ng/mL respectively. The recovery repeatability was found to be within the specified range. Conclusion:: The new approach proved effective for quantifying N-Nitroso Tofacitinib impurity in Tofacitinib Tablet samples, indicating that it could be applied for regular analysis.","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141744627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-18DOI: 10.2174/0115734110297618240703113456
Carlos Polanco, Alberto Huberman, Vladimir N. Uversky, Martha Rios Castro, Enrique Hernández-Lemus, Thomas Buhse, Gilberto Vargas Alarcón, Gabriela Calvo-Leroux Corona, Erika Jeannette López Oliva, Claudia Pimentel- Hernández, Mireya Martínez-Garcia, Brayans Becerra-Luna, Juan Luciano Díaz González, Raul Martinez-Memije, Francisco J. Roldan Gomez, Pedro L. Flores Ch, Carlos Rafael Sierra Fernández
Background: The transmission of hantaviruses through rodents has been associated with the development of severe illnesses, including Cardiopulmonary Syndrome (CPS) and Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS). Environmental changes impacting rodent populations affect their global distribution. These are severe diseases, potentially lethal, and widespread, making them a public health issue. Objective: Computational studies were conducted to better understand the envelope glycoproteins that are expressed by Hantavirus, which produce the cardiopulmonary syndrome and the hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. objective: Computational studies were conducted in order to better understand the envelope glycoproteins that are expressed by Hantavirus, and which are considered as cardiopulmonary syndrome and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome glycoproteins. Methods: The glycoprotein sequences were found through the utilization of specific computational tools, including the Intrinsic Disorder Predisposition (PIDP), Polarity Index Method Profile 3.0v (PIM 3.0v), and genomics software. Results: Examining the PIM 3.0v profile and the PIDP profile revealed distinct patterns in the envelope glycoproteins of different genotypes of Hantavirus. These patterns allowed for structural and morphological similarities to be identified. In particular, the PIM 3.0v profile shows that it is possible to discriminate between CPS and HFRS groups, and the PIDP profile shows the existence of an overlaid disorder profile of glycoproteins N and C from Hantavirus strains associated with CPS and HFRS. Conclusion: Using the PIM 3.0v profile, our computer programs were able to identify isolates of Hantavirus envelope glycoproteins associated with cardiopulmonary syndrome and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. We believe this research contributes to a deeper comprehension of these emerging viruses.
{"title":"A Bioinformatics Analysis of the Envelope Glycoproteins Expressing the Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome and Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome","authors":"Carlos Polanco, Alberto Huberman, Vladimir N. Uversky, Martha Rios Castro, Enrique Hernández-Lemus, Thomas Buhse, Gilberto Vargas Alarcón, Gabriela Calvo-Leroux Corona, Erika Jeannette López Oliva, Claudia Pimentel- Hernández, Mireya Martínez-Garcia, Brayans Becerra-Luna, Juan Luciano Díaz González, Raul Martinez-Memije, Francisco J. Roldan Gomez, Pedro L. Flores Ch, Carlos Rafael Sierra Fernández","doi":"10.2174/0115734110297618240703113456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110297618240703113456","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The transmission of hantaviruses through rodents has been associated with the development of severe illnesses, including Cardiopulmonary Syndrome (CPS) and Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS). Environmental changes impacting rodent populations affect their global distribution. These are severe diseases, potentially lethal, and widespread, making them a public health issue. Objective: Computational studies were conducted to better understand the envelope glycoproteins that are expressed by Hantavirus, which produce the cardiopulmonary syndrome and the hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. objective: Computational studies were conducted in order to better understand the envelope glycoproteins that are expressed by Hantavirus, and which are considered as cardiopulmonary syndrome and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome glycoproteins. Methods: The glycoprotein sequences were found through the utilization of specific computational tools, including the Intrinsic Disorder Predisposition (PIDP), Polarity Index Method Profile 3.0v (PIM 3.0v), and genomics software. Results: Examining the PIM 3.0v profile and the PIDP profile revealed distinct patterns in the envelope glycoproteins of different genotypes of Hantavirus. These patterns allowed for structural and morphological similarities to be identified. In particular, the PIM 3.0v profile shows that it is possible to discriminate between CPS and HFRS groups, and the PIDP profile shows the existence of an overlaid disorder profile of glycoproteins N and C from Hantavirus strains associated with CPS and HFRS. Conclusion: Using the PIM 3.0v profile, our computer programs were able to identify isolates of Hantavirus envelope glycoproteins associated with cardiopulmonary syndrome and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. We believe this research contributes to a deeper comprehension of these emerging viruses.","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141746322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-12DOI: 10.2174/0115734110315040240711110741
Abdullah Siddiqui, Premanandh Jagadeesan
{"title":"Policy Regulation and Monitoring of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances\u0000(PFAS) - Need of the Hour in the United Arab Emirates","authors":"Abdullah Siddiqui, Premanandh Jagadeesan","doi":"10.2174/0115734110315040240711110741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110315040240711110741","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141652582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-11DOI: 10.2174/0115734110287874240629095513
Rajasekhar Chokkareddy, Ayyappa Bathinapatla, Aseena Azeez, Suvardhan Kanchi, Gan G redhi
Background: The subject of medical and biological research using nanotechnology, which blends nanoscience with biology and biomedicine, is currently gaining a lot of attention. Nanomaterials come in a wide range of sizes, shapes, and compositions and are widely used in various applications. Their stimulating potentials mainly enhance our capacity to identify naturally occurring processes. Methods: Moreover, point-of-care (POC) methods offer quick and easy medication analysis at home, in a physician's office, or anywhere else. The pregnancy test and the blood glucose test are the two most well-known examples. From a more global standpoint, they offer the enticing prospect of saving lives from incurable illnesses: their rapid, sometimes instantaneous data significantly minimize analysis times, and their more economical variants make them accessible to healthcare facilities, individuals worldwide, and even in developing countries. Determining biomarkers in disease analysis, such as enzymes, proteins, circulating tumor cells, tiny compounds, and DNA/RNA in biological examples, including full serum, blood, saliva, plasma, fluid, cerebral spinal, and urine, may also be included in applications. Results: Globally, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the primary cause of death. Finding cardiac biomarkers is crucial for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. By giving vital information about a patient's cardiac health, these indications help doctors make the best decisions and give the best care. The efficiency, promptness, and patient-centeredness of cardiac treatment are significantly enhanced by POC methods for cardiac biomarker identification, which improves patient outcomes and healthcare delivery. For this reason, the primary emphasis of this investigation was on POC instruments and sensors that are now available commercially and have been published within the previous five years for the assessment of cardiac biomarkers. We discuss the POC devices that have been developed recently using a variety of cutting-edge technologies, sophisticated materials, and analytical methods. Conclusion: The current study also includes an overview of several companies and the products they sell for cardiac function monitoring and rapid, precise heart failure diagnosis. Ultimately, important conclusions are reached about POC devices for medical applications, namely for CVDs. The global market values and potential directions for POC device development are also taken into consideration.
{"title":"A Review on Nanomaterial-based Point-of-Care Devices: Emphasis on Cardiovascular Diseases","authors":"Rajasekhar Chokkareddy, Ayyappa Bathinapatla, Aseena Azeez, Suvardhan Kanchi, Gan G redhi","doi":"10.2174/0115734110287874240629095513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110287874240629095513","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The subject of medical and biological research using nanotechnology, which blends nanoscience with biology and biomedicine, is currently gaining a lot of attention. Nanomaterials come in a wide range of sizes, shapes, and compositions and are widely used in various applications. Their stimulating potentials mainly enhance our capacity to identify naturally occurring processes. Methods: Moreover, point-of-care (POC) methods offer quick and easy medication analysis at home, in a physician's office, or anywhere else. The pregnancy test and the blood glucose test are the two most well-known examples. From a more global standpoint, they offer the enticing prospect of saving lives from incurable illnesses: their rapid, sometimes instantaneous data significantly minimize analysis times, and their more economical variants make them accessible to healthcare facilities, individuals worldwide, and even in developing countries. Determining biomarkers in disease analysis, such as enzymes, proteins, circulating tumor cells, tiny compounds, and DNA/RNA in biological examples, including full serum, blood, saliva, plasma, fluid, cerebral spinal, and urine, may also be included in applications. Results: Globally, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the primary cause of death. Finding cardiac biomarkers is crucial for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. By giving vital information about a patient's cardiac health, these indications help doctors make the best decisions and give the best care. The efficiency, promptness, and patient-centeredness of cardiac treatment are significantly enhanced by POC methods for cardiac biomarker identification, which improves patient outcomes and healthcare delivery. For this reason, the primary emphasis of this investigation was on POC instruments and sensors that are now available commercially and have been published within the previous five years for the assessment of cardiac biomarkers. We discuss the POC devices that have been developed recently using a variety of cutting-edge technologies, sophisticated materials, and analytical methods. Conclusion: The current study also includes an overview of several companies and the products they sell for cardiac function monitoring and rapid, precise heart failure diagnosis. Ultimately, important conclusions are reached about POC devices for medical applications, namely for CVDs. The global market values and potential directions for POC device development are also taken into consideration.","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141608398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-11DOI: 10.2174/0115734110298101240629090801
Carlos Polanco, Alberto Huberman, Vladimir N. Uversky, Martha Rios Castro, Brayans Becerra-Luna, Enrique Hernandez Lemus, Claudia Pimentel-Hernández, Mireya Martínez-Garcia, Thomas Buhse, Cynthia Karen Gutierrez Juárez, Gilberto Vargas Alarcon, Gabriela Calvo-Leroux Corona, Francisco J. Roldan Gomez, Juan Luciano Díaz-González, Raul Martinez-Memije, Pedro L. Flores Ch
Background: Marburg virus (MARV), which is spread by one species of fruit bats, can cause deadly Marburg virus disease (MVD, also known as Marburg hemorrhagic fever, MHF), which is a severe form of viral hemorrhagic fever with symptoms similar to Ebola. MARV is considered to be very dangerous, and there are no approved vaccines or antiviral treatments for Marburg disease. Objective: Computational studies were conducted to comprehend the envelope glycoproteins GP1 and GP2 expressed by the Marburg virus. Methods: Determination of the predicted intrinsic disorder predisposition of each glycoprotein sequence (PIDP) and the Polarity Index Method Profile 3.0v (PIM 3.0v) using genomics software and multiple computer algorithms, several of which have been specifically designed for this purpose. Results: The PIM 3.0v and PIDP profiles showed different MARV envelope glycoprotein patterns. These patterns revealed structural and morphological commonalities. Conclusions: Our computer systems were able to identify MARV envelope glycoprotein isolates using the PIM 3.0v profile, and they suggest that they can be used as a first-step filter for identifying them from databases or building synthetic proteins.
背景：马尔堡病毒（MARV）由一种果蝠传播，可引起致命的马尔堡病毒病（MVD，又称马尔堡出血热，MHF），这是一种严重的病毒性出血热，症状类似埃博拉病毒。马尔堡病毒病被认为非常危险，目前还没有获准用于治疗马尔堡病的疫苗或抗病毒疗法。研究目的进行计算研究以了解马尔堡病毒表达的包膜糖蛋白 GP1 和 GP2。方法使用基因组学软件和多种计算机算法（其中有几种算法是专门为此目的设计的）确定每种糖蛋白序列的预测内在紊乱倾向性（PIDP）和极性指数法简介 3.0v（PIM 3.0v）。结果PIM 3.0v 和 PIDP 图谱显示了不同的 MARV 包膜糖蛋白模式。这些模式显示了结构和形态上的共性。结论：我们的计算机系统能够识别 MARV：我们的计算机系统能够利用 PIM 3.0v 图谱识别 MARV 包膜糖蛋白分离物，这表明它们可用作第一步过滤器，从数据库中识别它们或构建合成蛋白质。
{"title":"Computational Analysis of Marburg Virus Envelope Glycoproteins: Insights from Bioinformatics and Genomics","authors":"Carlos Polanco, Alberto Huberman, Vladimir N. Uversky, Martha Rios Castro, Brayans Becerra-Luna, Enrique Hernandez Lemus, Claudia Pimentel-Hernández, Mireya Martínez-Garcia, Thomas Buhse, Cynthia Karen Gutierrez Juárez, Gilberto Vargas Alarcon, Gabriela Calvo-Leroux Corona, Francisco J. Roldan Gomez, Juan Luciano Díaz-González, Raul Martinez-Memije, Pedro L. Flores Ch","doi":"10.2174/0115734110298101240629090801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110298101240629090801","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Marburg virus (MARV), which is spread by one species of fruit bats, can cause deadly Marburg virus disease (MVD, also known as Marburg hemorrhagic fever, MHF), which is a severe form of viral hemorrhagic fever with symptoms similar to Ebola. MARV is considered to be very dangerous, and there are no approved vaccines or antiviral treatments for Marburg disease. Objective: Computational studies were conducted to comprehend the envelope glycoproteins GP1 and GP2 expressed by the Marburg virus. Methods: Determination of the predicted intrinsic disorder predisposition of each glycoprotein sequence (PIDP) and the Polarity Index Method Profile 3.0v (PIM 3.0v) using genomics software and multiple computer algorithms, several of which have been specifically designed for this purpose. Results: The PIM 3.0v and PIDP profiles showed different MARV envelope glycoprotein patterns. These patterns revealed structural and morphological commonalities. Conclusions: Our computer systems were able to identify MARV envelope glycoprotein isolates using the PIM 3.0v profile, and they suggest that they can be used as a first-step filter for identifying them from databases or building synthetic proteins.","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141608397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：