Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.2174/0115734110313929240523085701
Akanksha Mehto, Jyotsna Chauhan, V. R. Mehto
This study presents the successful fabrication of composite membranes composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer blended with titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles and a combination of titanium dioxide/zirconium dioxide (TiO2/ZrO2) nanoparticles. The features of composite membranes were analyzed with a specific focus on comparing the characteristics of PVA/TiO2 and PVA/TiO2/ZrO2 composite membranes. TiO2 and ZrO2 nanoparticles were prepared using the sol-gel method. PVA/TiO2 and PVA/TiO2/ZrO2 composite membranes were fabricated utilizing the solution casting method. A controlled method of production of nanoparticles and their uniform dispersion inside the polymer matrix are the key components contributing to the success of this approach. TiO2 and ZrO2 nanoparticles and their composite membranes were characterized through various characterization methods encompassing X-ray diffraction (XRD) study, UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis. The XRD study revealed improved crystallinity in composite membranes. The PVA/TiO2/ZrO2 membrane possessed a greater level of crystallinity than the PVA/TiO2 membrane. The composite membranes exhibited enhanced absorption and PL behaviour. The FTIR spectra revealed the creation of a charge-transfer complex among the PVA, TiO2 and ZrO2. The AFM study indicates that surface roughness increases after doping Good concurrence is established between grain size calculated by XRD and TEM. PVA/TiO2/ZrO2 exhibits more improved characteristics than PVA/TiO2 because of the composite versatile properties resulting from the combining of two inorganic structural components with polymer. Such characteristics render it an appealing option for optical and optoelectronic device applications.
{"title":"Preparation and Characterization of PVA Composite Membranes with\u0000TiO2 and TiO2/ZrO2 Nanoparticles: A Comparative Study","authors":"Akanksha Mehto, Jyotsna Chauhan, V. R. Mehto","doi":"10.2174/0115734110313929240523085701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110313929240523085701","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000This study presents the successful fabrication of composite membranes\u0000composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer blended with titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles\u0000and a combination of titanium dioxide/zirconium dioxide (TiO2/ZrO2) nanoparticles. The features\u0000of composite membranes were analyzed with a specific focus on comparing the characteristics of\u0000PVA/TiO2 and PVA/TiO2/ZrO2 composite membranes.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000TiO2 and ZrO2 nanoparticles were prepared using the sol-gel method. PVA/TiO2 and\u0000PVA/TiO2/ZrO2 composite membranes were fabricated utilizing the solution casting method. A\u0000controlled method of production of nanoparticles and their uniform dispersion inside the polymer\u0000matrix are the key components contributing to the success of this approach. TiO2 and ZrO2 nanoparticles\u0000and their composite membranes were characterized through various characterization\u0000methods encompassing X-ray diffraction (XRD) study, UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, photoluminescence\u0000(PL) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform\u0000infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The XRD study revealed improved crystallinity in composite membranes. The\u0000PVA/TiO2/ZrO2 membrane possessed a greater level of crystallinity than the PVA/TiO2 membrane.\u0000The composite membranes exhibited enhanced absorption and PL behaviour. The FTIR spectra\u0000revealed the creation of a charge-transfer complex among the PVA, TiO2 and ZrO2. The AFM\u0000study indicates that surface roughness increases after doping\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Good concurrence is established between grain size calculated by XRD and TEM.\u0000PVA/TiO2/ZrO2 exhibits more improved characteristics than PVA/TiO2 because of the composite\u0000versatile properties resulting from the combining of two inorganic structural components with polymer.\u0000Such characteristics render it an appealing option for optical and optoelectronic device applications.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141387991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-28DOI: 10.2174/0115734110290125240520062925
Wenjun Jiang, Xiaodi Guo, Shanbo Ma, Yuanhong Chang, Ya Li
Background: Gastric cancer is a prevalent malignant tumor globally, with metastasis and recurrence serving as primary contributors to the diminished survival rates observed in patients with advanced stages of the disease. Despite numerous investigations into the pathogenesis of gastric cancer, the significance of m6A demethylase ALKBH5 in the initiation and progression of the disease has been established, yet its precise mechanism remains incompletely understood. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was utilized for the evaluation of ALKBH5 expression in gastric cancer tissues, while RT-qPCR and WB were employed for the analysis of ALKBH5 expression in cells. Additionally, the levels of m6A methylation in RNA were assessed using the EpiQuikTM m6A methylation quantitative assay kit. The proliferative and metastatic potentials of gastric cancer cells were assessed using the CCK-8 and Transwell cell assays, respectively. The binding site between miR-625-5p and ALKBH5 was predicted through the TargetScan website, and the interaction was confirmed using a dual luciferase reporter assay. Results: The research findings indicated a significant increase in m6A methylation levels in gastric cancer cells, concomitant with a substantial decrease in ALKBH5 expression. ALKBH5 can inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer cells. Additionally, the interaction between miR- 625-5p and the 3'-UTR of ALKBH5 mRNA, resulting in the suppression of ALKBH5 expression, was validated. Conclusions: Through its specific interaction with ALKBH5, miR-625-5p modulates the proliferation and metastatic potential of gastric cancer cells, bridging a previously unexplored link in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer between miR-625-5p and ALKBH5. This finding suggests that miR- 625-5p could be a potential target for treating gastric cancer, with the goal of enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life.
{"title":"MiR-625-5p Modulates the Metastasis and Proliferation of Gastric Cancer Cells by Governing the M6A Demethylase ALKBH5","authors":"Wenjun Jiang, Xiaodi Guo, Shanbo Ma, Yuanhong Chang, Ya Li","doi":"10.2174/0115734110290125240520062925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110290125240520062925","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gastric cancer is a prevalent malignant tumor globally, with metastasis and recurrence serving as primary contributors to the diminished survival rates observed in patients with advanced stages of the disease. Despite numerous investigations into the pathogenesis of gastric cancer, the significance of m6A demethylase ALKBH5 in the initiation and progression of the disease has been established, yet its precise mechanism remains incompletely understood. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was utilized for the evaluation of ALKBH5 expression in gastric cancer tissues, while RT-qPCR and WB were employed for the analysis of ALKBH5 expression in cells. Additionally, the levels of m6A methylation in RNA were assessed using the EpiQuikTM m6A methylation quantitative assay kit. The proliferative and metastatic potentials of gastric cancer cells were assessed using the CCK-8 and Transwell cell assays, respectively. The binding site between miR-625-5p and ALKBH5 was predicted through the TargetScan website, and the interaction was confirmed using a dual luciferase reporter assay. Results: The research findings indicated a significant increase in m6A methylation levels in gastric cancer cells, concomitant with a substantial decrease in ALKBH5 expression. ALKBH5 can inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer cells. Additionally, the interaction between miR- 625-5p and the 3'-UTR of ALKBH5 mRNA, resulting in the suppression of ALKBH5 expression, was validated. Conclusions: Through its specific interaction with ALKBH5, miR-625-5p modulates the proliferation and metastatic potential of gastric cancer cells, bridging a previously unexplored link in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer between miR-625-5p and ALKBH5. This finding suggests that miR- 625-5p could be a potential target for treating gastric cancer, with the goal of enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life.","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141167627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-22DOI: 10.2174/0115734110298088240515063827
Carlos Polanco, Vladimir N. Uversky, Alberto Huberman, Claudia Pimentel-Hernández, Martha Rios Castro, Enrique Hernandez Lemus, Thomas Buhse, Gilberto Vargas-Alarcon, Francisco J. Roldan Gomez, Mireya Martínez-Garcia, Gabriela Calvo-Leroux Corona, Brayans Becerra-Luna, Cynthia Karen Gutierrez Juárez, Juan Luciano Díaz-González, Raul Martinez-Memije, Pedro L Flores Ch
Rodents and many wild and domestic animals, including cattle, donkeys, goats, hares, ostriches, and sheep, spread the Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV), acting as hosts for infected ticks primarily of the Hyalomma genus, which serve as vectors and reservoirs of the virus. CCHF is a severe, potentially lethal, and widespread disease, making it a serious public health issue. Environmental changes impacting rodent populations affect their global distribution and, therefore, play a role in the spread of CCHFV. This study aims togain a deeper understanding of the envelope glycoproteins expressed by the CCHFV. Multiple computational algorithms determined the Intrinsic Disorder Predisposition (PIDP), Polarity Index, and genomic profiles of each sequence of the glycoproteins. When examining the Polarity Index Method Profile, 3.0v profile, and the PIDP profile, the envelope glycoproteins of the CCHFV showed different patterns. With these patterns, it was possible to identify structural and morphological similarities. With the PIM 3.0v profile, our computer programs were able to identify isolated CCHFV envelope glycoproteins. We believe that this research provides a deeper understanding of this virus. Using the PIM 3.0v profile, our computer programs were able to identify isolates of the CCHFV envelope glycoproteins. We believe that this research contributes to a deeper understanding of this emerging virus.
{"title":"Bioinformatics Characteristics and Genomic Patterns of the Envelope Glycoproteins of the Crimean-congo Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses","authors":"Carlos Polanco, Vladimir N. Uversky, Alberto Huberman, Claudia Pimentel-Hernández, Martha Rios Castro, Enrique Hernandez Lemus, Thomas Buhse, Gilberto Vargas-Alarcon, Francisco J. Roldan Gomez, Mireya Martínez-Garcia, Gabriela Calvo-Leroux Corona, Brayans Becerra-Luna, Cynthia Karen Gutierrez Juárez, Juan Luciano Díaz-González, Raul Martinez-Memije, Pedro L Flores Ch","doi":"10.2174/0115734110298088240515063827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110298088240515063827","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Rodents and many wild and domestic animals, including cattle, donkeys,\u0000goats, hares, ostriches, and sheep, spread the Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV),\u0000acting as hosts for infected ticks primarily of the Hyalomma genus, which serve as vectors and reservoirs\u0000of the virus. CCHF is a severe, potentially lethal, and widespread disease, making it a serious\u0000public health issue. Environmental changes impacting rodent populations affect their global distribution\u0000and, therefore, play a role in the spread of CCHFV.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study aims togain a deeper understanding of the envelope glycoproteins expressed by\u0000the CCHFV.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Multiple computational algorithms determined the Intrinsic Disorder Predisposition\u0000(PIDP), Polarity Index, and genomic profiles of each sequence of the glycoproteins.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000When examining the Polarity Index Method Profile, 3.0v profile, and the PIDP profile, the\u0000envelope glycoproteins of the CCHFV showed different patterns. With these patterns, it was possible\u0000to identify structural and morphological similarities.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000With the PIM 3.0v profile, our computer programs were able to identify isolated\u0000CCHFV envelope glycoproteins. We believe that this research provides a deeper understanding of\u0000this virus.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Using the PIM 3.0v profile, our computer programs were able to identify isolates of the CCHFV envelope glycoproteins. We believe that this research contributes to a deeper understanding of this emerging virus.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141111876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-21DOI: 10.2174/0115734110308794240515063752
Kübra Kelleci
Leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania protozoa can be fatal if left untreated. An effective and safe human vaccine has still not been produced to eradicate the disease. Among vaccine development studies, dead vaccines are still known as the most reliable and cheapest method. The selection of an effective and safe adjuvant is important for killed vaccines. We have not found any studies in which hydroxyapatite particles were used as adjuvants in vaccine research against leishmaniasis. In this study, spherical Hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles with dimensions of 100nm were synthesized. Then, these particles were combined with autoclaved L. infantum antigens (ALA) to prepare vaccine formulations at different concentrations. To determine the immunogenicity of HAp, MTT cell viability analysis, nitric oxide (NO), and cytokine production abilities were investigated in vitro in J774 macrophage cells. According to the study results, it was determined that the cell viability level was 97 % at a concentration of 200 μg/ml, and there was a 10-fold increase in NO production and an approximately 8.5-fold increase in IL-12 cytokine production ability compared to the control group. Considering the study results and the non-toxic properties of HAp, we have shown that HAp can be used as an adjuvant in the development of new leishmania vaccines.
{"title":"Hydroxyapatite as Nanoparticle-based Adjuvant: Leishmaniasis Vaccine Candidate","authors":"Kübra Kelleci","doi":"10.2174/0115734110308794240515063752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110308794240515063752","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania protozoa can be fatal if left untreated.\u0000An effective and safe human vaccine has still not been produced to eradicate the disease. Among\u0000vaccine development studies, dead vaccines are still known as the most reliable and cheapest method.\u0000The selection of an effective and safe adjuvant is important for killed vaccines. We have not\u0000found any studies in which hydroxyapatite particles were used as adjuvants in vaccine research\u0000against leishmaniasis.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this study, spherical Hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles with dimensions of 100nm\u0000were synthesized. Then, these particles were combined with autoclaved L. infantum antigens (ALA)\u0000to prepare vaccine formulations at different concentrations. To determine the immunogenicity of\u0000HAp, MTT cell viability analysis, nitric oxide (NO), and cytokine production abilities were investigated\u0000in vitro in J774 macrophage cells.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000According to the study results, it was determined that the cell viability level was 97 % at a\u0000concentration of 200 μg/ml, and there was a 10-fold increase in NO production and an approximately\u00008.5-fold increase in IL-12 cytokine production ability compared to the control group.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Considering the study results and the non-toxic properties of HAp, we have shown that\u0000HAp can be used as an adjuvant in the development of new leishmania vaccines.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141115199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-21DOI: 10.2174/0115734110301699240514052704
Esma Nur Sarıçiçek, Gülsev Soysüren, Ö. Arar
In desalination, addressing fouling challenges, particularly concerning silica, is pivotal for generating pure water from seawater and brackish sources. Efficient silica removal is vital for various applications, including power generation and electronics. Electrodeionization (EDI) has proven highly effective in achieving a high removal rate for silica. Optimize silica removal through a combined membrane approach—water-soluble polymer- enhanced ultrafiltration and Electrodeionization (EDI)—for efficient water treatment and improved water quality. The study utilized a 400 mL stirred Amicon cell for Ultrafiltration (UF) in combination with a water-soluble polymer. Additionally, a microflow EDI cell is employed, filled with Porolite A600 anion exchange resin and SST60 cation exchange resin, to optimize silica removal. The water-soluble polymer-enhanced ultrafiltration achieved a 25% removal of SiO2, with the remaining silica effectively removed by EDI, resulting in a concentration of 11 μg/L. The combined approach of water-soluble polymer-enhanced ultrafiltration and Electrodeionization (EDI) demonstrated effective silica removal. The combined approach of water-soluble polymer-enhanced ultrafiltration and Electrodeionization (EDI) demonstrated effective silica removal.
{"title":"Removal of Metasilicate from Aqueous Solutions with Hybrid Polymer-enhanced Ultrafiltration-electrodeionization Membrane Processes","authors":"Esma Nur Sarıçiçek, Gülsev Soysüren, Ö. Arar","doi":"10.2174/0115734110301699240514052704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110301699240514052704","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000In desalination, addressing fouling challenges, particularly concerning silica,\u0000is pivotal for generating pure water from seawater and brackish sources. Efficient silica removal\u0000is vital for various applications, including power generation and electronics. Electrodeionization\u0000(EDI) has proven highly effective in achieving a high removal rate for silica.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Optimize silica removal through a combined membrane approach—water-soluble polymer-\u0000enhanced ultrafiltration and Electrodeionization (EDI)—for efficient water treatment and improved\u0000water quality.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study utilized a 400 mL stirred Amicon cell for Ultrafiltration (UF) in combination\u0000with a water-soluble polymer. Additionally, a microflow EDI cell is employed, filled with Porolite\u0000A600 anion exchange resin and SST60 cation exchange resin, to optimize silica removal.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The water-soluble polymer-enhanced ultrafiltration achieved a 25% removal of SiO2, with\u0000the remaining silica effectively removed by EDI, resulting in a concentration of 11 μg/L.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The combined approach of water-soluble polymer-enhanced ultrafiltration and Electrodeionization\u0000(EDI) demonstrated effective silica removal.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The combined approach of water-soluble polymer-enhanced ultrafiltration and Electrodeionization (EDI) demonstrated effective silica removal.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141114515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-21DOI: 10.2174/0115734110307444240514111208
Mona S. Binkadem, Abdullah Akhdhar, D. El-Hady, Abdullah M. Alowaifeer, M. Almutairi, K. Alnabati, Khalid Zaki Elwakeel, F. M. Zainy, Hanadi M. Baeissa, Sultan Alhayyani, Hassan M. Albishri, A. S. Al-Bogami, Jörg Feldmann
Currently, aluminum (Al) cookware is frequently utilized as a container for food preparation all over the world. The migration of elements from Al cookware can pose a serious potential health hazard. However, there is a lack of information about the leaching of multi-elements from Al cookware and their behaviours. A new investigation for leaching of multi-elements from Al cookware during conventional cooking environments was depicted in the current study. Ten different Al cookware made by different manufacturers were used for simulating cooking media. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) as a fast, simple and reliable technique was used to investigate the leaching of multi-elements (34 elements) from Al cookware. Limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) ranged between 0.001- 0.030 and 0.004-0.100 μg/L, respectively. This study revealed that numerous elements, including Al, arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), lead (Pb), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn) and vanadium (V) were released from Al cookware during conventional cooking conditions. Repeatability, reproducibility and recovery values ranged between 0.94 – 4.59% RSD, 1.76-4.71% RSD, and 96- 109%, respectively. The leaching amounts and behaviours of elements were closely related to the solution pH and cooking time. At acidic conditions, the concentrations of Al, Pb and Mn surpass WHO limits. After a 15-minute cooking duration, Al concentrations ranged from 56.8 to 8048 μg/L, which subsequently increased to 1097 – 201423 μg/L after 60 min. Several behaviours of Al leaching, including an extreme release, a linear release and a low release, were observed among samples. This could be probably due to the formation of a passivation layer of Al2O3 which prevents the oxidation of Al. Moreover, Pb and Mn were detected at 14.1–25.8 and 262.5 μg/L after 30 min, respectively. At neutral media, Al, Cu, As, V, Mg and Zn were quantified among all studied pots. Further interesting findings are to observe the behaviour leaching of Zn at concentrations of 55-120 μg/L, including a strong release within 30 min in some samples, while others showed a linear dissolution within 60 min of the cooking process. The study provided for the first time a more detailed study of the processes involved in the release of multi-elements during cooking inside Al cookware compared to the other hitherto published studies, which is an important insight in the field of food safety and other areas. The cumulative release of multi-elements from Al cookware could emphasize the importance of assessing the quality of such cookware, urging a closer examination of its composition and possibly advocating for potential alterations in the future. The study revealed that numerous elements, including aluminium (Al), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), lead (Pb), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), and vanadium (V) were obs
{"title":"Release of Elements from Disposable Aluminum Cookware During Conventional Cooking with Water","authors":"Mona S. Binkadem, Abdullah Akhdhar, D. El-Hady, Abdullah M. Alowaifeer, M. Almutairi, K. Alnabati, Khalid Zaki Elwakeel, F. M. Zainy, Hanadi M. Baeissa, Sultan Alhayyani, Hassan M. Albishri, A. S. Al-Bogami, Jörg Feldmann","doi":"10.2174/0115734110307444240514111208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110307444240514111208","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Currently, aluminum (Al) cookware is frequently utilized as a container for\u0000food preparation all over the world. The migration of elements from Al cookware can pose a serious\u0000potential health hazard. However, there is a lack of information about the leaching of multi-elements\u0000from Al cookware and their behaviours. A new investigation for leaching of multi-elements from Al\u0000cookware during conventional cooking environments was depicted in the current study.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Ten different Al cookware made by different manufacturers were used for simulating\u0000cooking media. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) as a fast, simple and reliable\u0000technique was used to investigate the leaching of multi-elements (34 elements) from Al\u0000cookware. Limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) ranged between 0.001-\u00000.030 and 0.004-0.100 μg/L, respectively.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study revealed that numerous elements, including Al, arsenic (As), chromium (Cr),\u0000copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), lead (Pb), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), nickel (Ni), zinc\u0000(Zn) and vanadium (V) were released from Al cookware during conventional cooking conditions.\u0000Repeatability, reproducibility and recovery values ranged between 0.94 – 4.59% RSD, 1.76-4.71%\u0000RSD, and 96- 109%, respectively. The leaching amounts and behaviours of elements were closely\u0000related to the solution pH and cooking time. At acidic conditions, the concentrations of Al, Pb and\u0000Mn surpass WHO limits. After a 15-minute cooking duration, Al concentrations ranged from 56.8 to\u00008048 μg/L, which subsequently increased to 1097 – 201423 μg/L after 60 min. Several behaviours of\u0000Al leaching, including an extreme release, a linear release and a low release, were observed among\u0000samples. This could be probably due to the formation of a passivation layer of Al2O3 which prevents\u0000the oxidation of Al. Moreover, Pb and Mn were detected at 14.1–25.8 and 262.5 μg/L after 30 min,\u0000respectively. At neutral media, Al, Cu, As, V, Mg and Zn were quantified among all studied pots.\u0000Further interesting findings are to observe the behaviour leaching of Zn at concentrations of 55-120\u0000μg/L, including a strong release within 30 min in some samples, while others showed a linear dissolution\u0000within 60 min of the cooking process.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study provided for the first time a more detailed study of the processes involved in\u0000the release of multi-elements during cooking inside Al cookware compared to the other hitherto published\u0000studies, which is an important insight in the field of food safety and other areas. The cumulative\u0000release of multi-elements from Al cookware could emphasize the importance of assessing the\u0000quality of such cookware, urging a closer examination of its composition and possibly advocating for\u0000potential alterations in the future.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study revealed that numerous elements, including aluminium (Al), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), lead (Pb), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), and vanadium (V) were obs","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141114708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.2174/0115734110315088240516072328
Xin Ye, Zhenyu Xu, Da Xu, Jibao Cai, Shuiping Dai, Yuting Luo, Lei Guo, Ying Wang, Jiakun Su, Jun Yang
This study aimed to analyze the content and structure of pectin in tobacco samples. As one of the most important economic crops, tobacco products have a long history and dominate the development of the world economy. Pectin, as a complex colloidal substance widely present in plant cell walls, its content is an important factor affecting the safety of tobacco smoking. This study aimed to analyze the content and structure of pectin in tobacco samples. In this study, tobacco pectin was extracted by ultrasound-assisted ionic liquid extraction, and the 13C MultiCP/MAS NMR spectral analysis of pectin was conducted. The type of extractant, ultrasonic time, ultrasonic temperature, and solid-liquid ratio were optimized. Under the conditions of using 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Bmim]BF4 ) as the extractant, the solid-liquid ratio of 1:20 g/mL, and the ultrasonic power of 600 w for 30 min at 30℃, a yield of 23.7% of tobacco stem pectin and a purity of 54.2% could be obtained. The optimized MultiCP sequence parameters, with 10 CP cycles of 1.0 ms and a repolarization time of 50 ms could obtain high-resolution spectra within a time of 1.0 h. The C-6 peaks of the pectin in the spectrograms were fitted using the spectral deconvolution technique and calculated the methyl-esterification (DM) of the tobacco pectin which was generally less than 50%, and belonged to the low methyl esterification pectin. The pectin content of the tobacco sample was calculated by the standard curve method with the addition of dimethyl sulfone (DMS) as an internal reference.The results of this method were consistent with the colorimetric method. The 13C MultiCP/MAS NMR method has the advantages of being green, fast, and accurate, and provides a new technical tool for quantitative and qualitative studies of cell wall substances in tobacco samples. No
{"title":"Study on 13C MultiCP/MAS ssNMR Analysis of Tobacco Pectin","authors":"Xin Ye, Zhenyu Xu, Da Xu, Jibao Cai, Shuiping Dai, Yuting Luo, Lei Guo, Ying Wang, Jiakun Su, Jun Yang","doi":"10.2174/0115734110315088240516072328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110315088240516072328","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000This study aimed to analyze the content and structure of pectin in tobacco samples.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000As one of the most important economic crops, tobacco products have a long history and dominate the development of the world economy. Pectin, as a complex colloidal substance widely present in plant cell walls, its content is an important factor affecting the safety of tobacco smoking.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study aimed to analyze the content and structure of pectin in tobacco samples.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this study, tobacco pectin was extracted by ultrasound-assisted ionic liquid extraction, and the 13C MultiCP/MAS NMR spectral analysis of pectin was conducted.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The type of extractant, ultrasonic time, ultrasonic temperature, and solid-liquid ratio were optimized. Under the conditions of using 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Bmim]BF4 ) as the extractant, the solid-liquid ratio of 1:20 g/mL, and the ultrasonic power of 600 w for 30 min at 30℃, a yield of 23.7% of tobacco stem pectin and a purity of 54.2% could be obtained. The optimized MultiCP sequence parameters, with 10 CP cycles of 1.0 ms and a repolarization time of 50 ms could obtain high-resolution spectra within a time of 1.0 h. The C-6 peaks of the pectin in the spectrograms were fitted using the spectral deconvolution technique and calculated the methyl-esterification (DM) of the tobacco pectin which was generally less than 50%, and belonged to the low methyl esterification pectin. The pectin content of the tobacco sample was calculated by the standard curve method with the addition of dimethyl sulfone (DMS) as an internal reference.The results of this method were consistent with the colorimetric method.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The 13C MultiCP/MAS NMR method has the advantages of being green, fast, and accurate, and provides a new technical tool for quantitative and qualitative studies of cell wall substances in tobacco samples.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000No\u0000","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141119735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-17DOI: 10.2174/0115734110295542240509102021
Jingbo Ni, Xinxin Chen, Deyong Wang, Peter Kjær Kristensen, V. Boffa
The widespread presence of persistent organic pollutants, such as dyes in effluent from printing and textile industries, poses a significant threat to aquatic life and human health. Photocatalytic degradation is widely recognized as a promising technology to address this pollution crisis. The efficiency of photocatalysis is intricately tied to both the active radicals and the band structure of the catalyst. These factors play a crucial role in governing the photodegradation of dye molecules. In2S3/CeO2 heterojunctions were synthesized using an in-situ precipitation method and subsequently analyzed through SEM, XRD, and XPS techniques. Notably, the bandgap structure of the heterojunctions was examined through UV-Vis DRS. The photocatalytic performance of the synthesized samples was assessed by studying the degradation of methyl orange. To further validate the photocatalytic process, EPR spectroscopy was employed to confirm the presence of radicals generated within the heterojunction. The heterojunction displayed a characteristic type-II structure, enhancing light absorption and facilitating the separation of photoinduced carriers. Among the In2S3/CeO2 composites, the one with a 15 wt% CeO2 content exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity, achieving an 88% degradation of methyl orange after 90 min of exposure to visible light irradiation. Additionally, •O2 − is identified as the primary active species responsible for degradation. UV-Vis DRS illustrated the improved transfer and separation of photogenerated electrons attributed to the optimized band structure of the heterojunction. EPR spectroscopy yielded valuable information on active radicals, thereby proposing the photocatalytic degradation mechanism.
{"title":"Revealing the Enhanced Visible-light-driven Photocatalytic Activity of In2S3/CeO2 Heterojunction: Bandgap Structure Analysis and Active\u0000Radicals Determination","authors":"Jingbo Ni, Xinxin Chen, Deyong Wang, Peter Kjær Kristensen, V. Boffa","doi":"10.2174/0115734110295542240509102021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110295542240509102021","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The widespread presence of persistent organic pollutants, such as dyes in\u0000effluent from printing and textile industries, poses a significant threat to aquatic life and human\u0000health. Photocatalytic degradation is widely recognized as a promising technology to address this\u0000pollution crisis. The efficiency of photocatalysis is intricately tied to both the active radicals and the\u0000band structure of the catalyst. These factors play a crucial role in governing the photodegradation of\u0000dye molecules.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In2S3/CeO2 heterojunctions were synthesized using an in-situ precipitation method and\u0000subsequently analyzed through SEM, XRD, and XPS techniques. Notably, the bandgap structure of\u0000the heterojunctions was examined through UV-Vis DRS. The photocatalytic performance of the synthesized\u0000samples was assessed by studying the degradation of methyl orange. To further validate the\u0000photocatalytic process, EPR spectroscopy was employed to confirm the presence of radicals generated\u0000within the heterojunction.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The heterojunction displayed a characteristic type-II structure, enhancing light absorption\u0000and facilitating the separation of photoinduced carriers. Among the In2S3/CeO2 composites, the one\u0000with a 15 wt% CeO2 content exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity, achieving an 88% degradation\u0000of methyl orange after 90 min of exposure to visible light irradiation. Additionally, •O2\u0000− is identified\u0000as the primary active species responsible for degradation.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000UV-Vis DRS illustrated the improved transfer and separation of photogenerated electrons\u0000attributed to the optimized band structure of the heterojunction. EPR spectroscopy yielded valuable\u0000information on active radicals, thereby proposing the photocatalytic degradation mechanism.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141126949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.2174/0115734110307860240503080554
Eduardo Gomes Rodrigues de Sousa, Karina Rocha de Souza, Rosane Aguiar da Silva San Gil, Thiago Frances Guimaraes, Renata Ribeiro de Castro, Leonardo Lucchetti, Erika Martins de Carvalho
The pharmaceutical industry is constantly looking for a better way to ensure and improve its products' safety, quality, and effectiveness. Since there are many attributes of the drug substance and excipients that could potentially affect the Critical Quality Attributes (CQAs) of the intermediates and the final product, the evaluation of the raw material's physicochemical characteristics is crucial as they directly affect the quality, safety, efficacy, and lot-to-lot consistency. Scientists rely on methods, like HPLC, HPTLC, LC-MS, GC-MS, and NMR, to analyze these substances. The advantage of NMR is that it is considered a primary analytical method compared to other analytical techniques. This work aimed to present a simple, rapid, specific, and accurate method by proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) developed to determine the activity of the antiretroviral Efavirenz’s (EFZ) Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API). The method was based on quantitative NMR spectroscopy (qNMR). A Bruker Avance spectrometer (11.7 Tesla, 500 MHz for 1H) with a 5mm probe was used. The 1H-NMR signal at 7.54 ppm corresponding to the analyte of interest was employed to quantify the drug. The method was validated for specificity, selectivity, intermediate precision, linearity, range of work, accuracy, and robustness. The method developed was specific and linear (r2 = 0.9998) with a value between 4.30 mg/mL and 12.40 mg/mL. The relative standard deviation for accuracy and precision was 0.4% or less. The method's robustness was demonstrated by changing four different parameters, and the difference among each was 1.2% or less. The results of this work have been found to be in agreement with those obtained from High-performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The method developed was specific and linear (r2 = 0.9998) between 4.30 mg/mL and 12.40 mg/mL. The relative standard deviation for accuracy and precision was 0.4% or less. The method's robustness was demonstrated by changing four different parameters; the difference among each was 1.2% or less. The results in this work agreed with those obtained from high-performance liquid chromatography analysis (HPLC). The proposed method has been found to be a valuable and practical tool for quality control. Its applicability to determining many APIs and saving solvent use and time is highlighted.
{"title":"Development and Validation of 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Quantitative Method for Efavirenz API Quality Control","authors":"Eduardo Gomes Rodrigues de Sousa, Karina Rocha de Souza, Rosane Aguiar da Silva San Gil, Thiago Frances Guimaraes, Renata Ribeiro de Castro, Leonardo Lucchetti, Erika Martins de Carvalho","doi":"10.2174/0115734110307860240503080554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110307860240503080554","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The pharmaceutical industry is constantly looking for a better way to ensure\u0000and improve its products' safety, quality, and effectiveness. Since there are many attributes of the\u0000drug substance and excipients that could potentially affect the Critical Quality Attributes (CQAs) of\u0000the intermediates and the final product, the evaluation of the raw material's physicochemical characteristics\u0000is crucial as they directly affect the quality, safety, efficacy, and lot-to-lot consistency. Scientists\u0000rely on methods, like HPLC, HPTLC, LC-MS, GC-MS, and NMR, to analyze these substances.\u0000The advantage of NMR is that it is considered a primary analytical method compared to other\u0000analytical techniques.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This work aimed to present a simple, rapid, specific, and accurate method by proton Nuclear\u0000Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) developed to determine the activity of the antiretroviral\u0000Efavirenz’s (EFZ) Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API). The method was based on\u0000quantitative NMR spectroscopy (qNMR).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A Bruker Avance spectrometer (11.7 Tesla, 500 MHz for 1H) with a 5mm probe was used.\u0000The 1H-NMR signal at 7.54 ppm corresponding to the analyte of interest was employed to quantify\u0000the drug. The method was validated for specificity, selectivity, intermediate precision, linearity,\u0000range of work, accuracy, and robustness.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The method developed was specific and linear (r2 = 0.9998) with a value between 4.30\u0000mg/mL and 12.40 mg/mL. The relative standard deviation for accuracy and precision was 0.4% or\u0000less. The method's robustness was demonstrated by changing four different parameters, and the difference\u0000among each was 1.2% or less. The results of this work have been found to be in agreement\u0000with those obtained from High-performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The method developed was specific and linear (r2 = 0.9998) between 4.30 mg/mL and 12.40 mg/mL. The relative standard deviation for accuracy and precision was 0.4% or less. The method's robustness was demonstrated by changing four different parameters; the difference among each was 1.2% or less. The results in this work agreed with those obtained from high-performance liquid chromatography analysis (HPLC).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The proposed method has been found to be a valuable and practical tool for quality\u0000control. Its applicability to determining many APIs and saving solvent use and time is highlighted.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140975823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-13DOI: 10.2174/0115734110304194240503103902
Xiaoting Wang, Yingdong Yang, Tianyou Wang, Wugan Luo
Background: Bronze knives, which have been excavated in large quantities and acquired hierarchical significance, are essential artifacts in Shu State in Southwest China. Building upon previous typological analyses of bronze knives, it is hypothesized that Shu culture may have imported foreign-style bronze knives. However, further demonstration of the provenance of metal materials, the typology of knives, and the cultural exchange necessitates a comprehensive examination through the lens of scientific analysis. The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences in the manufacturing processes and metal resources of Shu bronze knives with various cultural styles and whether bronze knives in the foreign styles were imported or locally imitated. Methods: In this study, the typology, portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were used to analyze twenty-four bronze knives unearthed from Shuangyuan cemetery, a cemetery of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, Southwest China. Results: The results of the study show that the knives of Shuangyuan Cemetery can be classified typologically into five types, encompassing both local and foreign styles. The predominant alloy composition of these knives is lead-tin bronze, characterized by a notably high tin content. Lead isotope ratios indicate that metal materials from the South China geochemical province and Yangtze geochemical province were mainly used to manufacture the bronze knives unearthed from the Shu state Conclusion: While the majority of foreign-style knives with ring-shaped heads were likely imported from neighboring regions like Chu state, distinctively styled type D and type E bronze knives appear to have been locally imitated by the Shu, showcasing a blend of external influences and indigenous innovation. The combination of typology and scientific analysis of the bronze knife may shed new light on the study of the Shu culture of the Eastern Zhou period.
背景：青铜刀是中国西南地区蜀国的重要器物，出土量大，具有等级意义。根据以往对青铜刀的类型学分析，推测蜀文化可能曾传入过外来风格的青铜刀。然而，要进一步证明金属材料的来源、刀的类型和文化交流，就必须通过科学分析的视角进行全面考察。本研究的目的是探讨不同文化风格的蜀国青铜刀在制造工艺和金属资源方面的差异，以及外来风格的青铜刀是舶来品还是本地仿制品。研究方法：本研究采用类型学、便携式 X 射线荧光光谱仪和多收集器电感耦合等离子体质谱仪对四川省成都市双元东周墓地出土的 24 件青铜刀进行了分析。研究结果研究结果表明，双源墓地出土的青铜刀从类型上可分为五种，既有本地风格，也有外来风格。这些刀具的主要合金成分是铅锡青铜，其特点是锡含量明显偏高。铅同位素比值表明，蜀国墓地出土的青铜刀主要使用了华南地球化学省和长江地球化学省的金属材料：大部分外来的环首刀可能是从楚国等周边地区传入的，而风格独特的D型和E型青铜刀似乎是蜀人在当地仿制的，体现了外来影响与本土创新的融合。将青铜刀的类型学与科学分析相结合，可为东周时期的蜀文化研究提供新的启示。
{"title":"A Typology and Lead Isotope and Cultural Exchange Study on Bronze Knives from Shuangyuan Cemetery, Chengdu City, Southwest China","authors":"Xiaoting Wang, Yingdong Yang, Tianyou Wang, Wugan Luo","doi":"10.2174/0115734110304194240503103902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110304194240503103902","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bronze knives, which have been excavated in large quantities and acquired hierarchical significance, are essential artifacts in Shu State in Southwest China. Building upon previous typological analyses of bronze knives, it is hypothesized that Shu culture may have imported foreign-style bronze knives. However, further demonstration of the provenance of metal materials, the typology of knives, and the cultural exchange necessitates a comprehensive examination through the lens of scientific analysis. The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences in the manufacturing processes and metal resources of Shu bronze knives with various cultural styles and whether bronze knives in the foreign styles were imported or locally imitated. Methods: In this study, the typology, portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were used to analyze twenty-four bronze knives unearthed from Shuangyuan cemetery, a cemetery of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, Southwest China. Results: The results of the study show that the knives of Shuangyuan Cemetery can be classified typologically into five types, encompassing both local and foreign styles. The predominant alloy composition of these knives is lead-tin bronze, characterized by a notably high tin content. Lead isotope ratios indicate that metal materials from the South China geochemical province and Yangtze geochemical province were mainly used to manufacture the bronze knives unearthed from the Shu state Conclusion: While the majority of foreign-style knives with ring-shaped heads were likely imported from neighboring regions like Chu state, distinctively styled type D and type E bronze knives appear to have been locally imitated by the Shu, showcasing a blend of external influences and indigenous innovation. The combination of typology and scientific analysis of the bronze knife may shed new light on the study of the Shu culture of the Eastern Zhou period.","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140940154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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