Background: Flavonoid is a type of active constituent in herbs and always used as the quality control markers of herbal medicines. Owing to the extensive diversity of flavonoids, numerous reference compounds are necessitated for the analysis of flavonoids, and some are usually very expensive, which engenders challenges in the analysis of flavonoids in herbal medicines. Consequently, the development of a simple, rapid, and reference compounds saving method is important for the determination of flavonoids in herbal medicines. Objective: In order to develop a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the determination of 5 flavonoids (mangiferin, hesperidin, baicalin, buddleoside, and rutin) in five herbal medicines (Anemarrhenae rhizome, Sophorae flos, Citri reticulatae pericarpium, Scutellariae radix, and Chrysanthemi indici flos) with rutin. Methods: Five herbal medicine samples were prepared according to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia which includes ultrasound and reflux methods. The separation of the sample was performed on a PoroShell 120 EC-C18 (4.6 mm×100 mm, 2.7 µm) by gradient elution with 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The wavelengths were set as follows: Anemarrhenae rhizome (363 nm), Sophorae flos (256 nm), Citri reticulatae pericarpium (236 nm), Scutellariae radix (263 nm), Chrysanthemi indici flos (354 nm). Results: The method validation showed that the established HPLC method was accurate and stable for quantitative analysis of flavonoids in five herbal medicines. The comparative analysis revealed that the determination results of the current HPLC method and Chinese Pharmacopoeia method are consistent, exhibiting less than 1% relative error. Remarkably, the developed HPLC method needs one cheapest reference compound (rutin) and costs 8 min for sample HPLC analysis. Conclusion: The developed HPLC method for quantitative analysis of five flavonoids in five herbal medicines is simple, rapid, and reference compound saving, which provides a good alternative method for quality control of flavonoids in herbal medicines.
{"title":"A Low-cost and Rapid Method for Determination of Five Flavonoids in Herbal Medicines with Rutin by HPLC-UV at Equal Absorption Wavelength","authors":"Zhengming Qian, Zhuobin He, Dongyin Lian, Qi Huang, Guoying Tan, Juying Xie","doi":"10.2174/0115734110301556240605111849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110301556240605111849","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Flavonoid is a type of active constituent in herbs and always used as the quality control markers of herbal medicines. Owing to the extensive diversity of flavonoids, numerous reference compounds are necessitated for the analysis of flavonoids, and some are usually very expensive, which engenders challenges in the analysis of flavonoids in herbal medicines. Consequently, the development of a simple, rapid, and reference compounds saving method is important for the determination of flavonoids in herbal medicines. Objective: In order to develop a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the determination of 5 flavonoids (mangiferin, hesperidin, baicalin, buddleoside, and rutin) in five herbal medicines (Anemarrhenae rhizome, Sophorae flos, Citri reticulatae pericarpium, Scutellariae radix, and Chrysanthemi indici flos) with rutin. Methods: Five herbal medicine samples were prepared according to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia which includes ultrasound and reflux methods. The separation of the sample was performed on a PoroShell 120 EC-C18 (4.6 mm×100 mm, 2.7 µm) by gradient elution with 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The wavelengths were set as follows: Anemarrhenae rhizome (363 nm), Sophorae flos (256 nm), Citri reticulatae pericarpium (236 nm), Scutellariae radix (263 nm), Chrysanthemi indici flos (354 nm). Results: The method validation showed that the established HPLC method was accurate and stable for quantitative analysis of flavonoids in five herbal medicines. The comparative analysis revealed that the determination results of the current HPLC method and Chinese Pharmacopoeia method are consistent, exhibiting less than 1% relative error. Remarkably, the developed HPLC method needs one cheapest reference compound (rutin) and costs 8 min for sample HPLC analysis. Conclusion: The developed HPLC method for quantitative analysis of five flavonoids in five herbal medicines is simple, rapid, and reference compound saving, which provides a good alternative method for quality control of flavonoids in herbal medicines.","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141504296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.2174/0115734110318608240603144306
W. El-Said, A. S. Al-Bogami, Abdullah Akhdhar, Naeem Akhtar
Recently, bimetallic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have gained significant attention for their potential in treating industrial wastewater. The rapid increase in industrialization worldwide has resulted in the continual discharge of organic dyes in aquatic ecosystems. These dyes disrupt aquatic ecosystems and are hazardous for human beings. Thus, there is a considerable demand to design a framework for the removal of contaminants from wastewater. For this purpose, this study focuses on synthesizing BM-MOF@PC and investigating its efficacy in removing methyl orange (MO) and congo red (CR). A novel, low-cost, eco-friendly Zn and Co-based bimetallic MOF (BM-MOF) modified polyaniline and cellulose acetate (PC) were synthesized based on electrospun (BM-MOF@PC) nanofibers. The prepared BM-MOF@PC was characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR, and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm. The smooth formation of BM-MOF@PC nanofibers generates high adsorption capability by exposing the maximal active site for the adsorption at the entire surface. The adsorption capability of synthesized BM-MOF@PC nanofibers was evaluated against MO and CR dyes from an aqueous phase. The maximum adsorption capacity of MO and CR at the surface of BM-MOF@PC nanofibers were 636.9 and 313.05 mg/g, respectively. Several adsorption parameters, including initial dye concentration, contact time, temperature, the adsorbent's doses, and pH's effect on adsorption kinetics, were investigated. The ability of BM-MOF@PC nanofibers to adsorb MO and CR at various pHs indicated that several attraction forces, including electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bonding, and π-π interactions, could be involved in the dye removal. The fabricated material BM-MOF@PC nanofibers have a large surface area compared to BM-MOF, which indicates the more active sites for the adsorption of MO and CR dyes. Moreover, the BM-MOF@PC nanofibers demonstrated robust reusability towards MO and CR adsorption across five cycles, which suggested that our fabricated material is more stable and economically reliable in real-time applications.
最近，双金属金属有机框架（MOFs）因其在处理工业废水方面的潜力而备受关注。全球工业化的快速发展导致有机染料不断排入水生生态系统。这些染料破坏了水生生态系统，并对人类造成危害。为此，本研究的重点是合成 BM-MOF@PC，并研究其在去除甲基橙（MO）和刚果红（CR）方面的功效。在电纺（BM-MOF@PC）纳米纤维的基础上，合成了一种新型、低成本、环保的 Zn 和 Co 基双金属 MOF（BM-MOF）修饰聚苯胺和醋酸纤维素（PC）。对制备的 BM-MOF@PC 纳米纤维进行了扫描电镜、X 射线衍射、傅立叶变换红外光谱和 N2 吸附-解吸等温线表征。BM-MOF@PC 纳米纤维的平滑形成使整个表面都暴露出最大的吸附活性位点，从而产生了较高的吸附能力。评估了合成的 BM-MOF@PC 纳米纤维对水相中 MO 和 CRdyes 的吸附能力，BM-MOF@PC 纳米纤维表面对 MO 和 CR 的最大吸附量分别为 636.9 mg/g 和 313.05 mg/g。研究了多种吸附参数，包括初始染料浓度、接触时间、温度、吸附剂剂量和 pH 值对吸附动力学的影响。BM-MOF@PC 纳米纤维在不同 pH 条件下吸附 MO 和 CR 的能力表明，静电作用、氢键和 π-π 相互作用等几种吸引力可能参与了染料的去除。此外，BM-MOF@PC 纳米纤维对 MO 和 CR 的吸附在五个周期内都表现出很强的重复使用性，这表明我们制备的材料在实时应用中更加稳定和经济可靠。
{"title":"Bimetallic Metal-Organic Framework Decorated 3D-electrospun Nanofibers as a Highly Efficient Sorbent for Removing Organic Dyes from Contaminated Water","authors":"W. El-Said, A. S. Al-Bogami, Abdullah Akhdhar, Naeem Akhtar","doi":"10.2174/0115734110318608240603144306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110318608240603144306","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Recently, bimetallic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have gained\u0000significant attention for their potential in treating industrial wastewater. The rapid increase in\u0000industrialization worldwide has resulted in the continual discharge of organic dyes in aquatic\u0000ecosystems. These dyes disrupt aquatic ecosystems and are hazardous for human beings. Thus, there\u0000is a considerable demand to design a framework for the removal of contaminants from wastewater.\u0000For this purpose, this study focuses on synthesizing BM-MOF@PC and investigating its efficacy in\u0000removing methyl orange (MO) and congo red (CR).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A novel, low-cost, eco-friendly Zn and Co-based bimetallic MOF (BM-MOF) modified\u0000polyaniline and cellulose acetate (PC) were synthesized based on electrospun (BM-MOF@PC)\u0000nanofibers. The prepared BM-MOF@PC was characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR, and N2\u0000adsorption-desorption isotherm. The smooth formation of BM-MOF@PC nanofibers generates high\u0000adsorption capability by exposing the maximal active site for the adsorption at the entire surface. The\u0000adsorption capability of synthesized BM-MOF@PC nanofibers was evaluated against MO and CR\u0000dyes from an aqueous phase.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The maximum adsorption capacity of MO and CR at the surface of BM-MOF@PC\u0000nanofibers were 636.9 and 313.05 mg/g, respectively. Several adsorption parameters, including\u0000initial dye concentration, contact time, temperature, the adsorbent's doses, and pH's effect on\u0000adsorption kinetics, were investigated. The ability of BM-MOF@PC nanofibers to adsorb MO and\u0000CR at various pHs indicated that several attraction forces, including electrostatic interaction,\u0000hydrogen bonding, and π-π interactions, could be involved in the dye removal.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The fabricated material BM-MOF@PC nanofibers have a large surface area compared\u0000to BM-MOF, which indicates the more active sites for the adsorption of MO and CR dyes. Moreover,\u0000the BM-MOF@PC nanofibers demonstrated robust reusability towards MO and CR adsorption\u0000across five cycles, which suggested that our fabricated material is more stable and economically\u0000reliable in real-time applications.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141346012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.2174/0115734110302240240517102821
M. Tomassetti, M. Castrucci, E. Dell’Aglio, M. Sammartino, G. Visco, E. Martini, Francesca Innocenzi, R. Reale, Sara Ronca
The ashlar belongs to a classic palace located in the city of Milan (Italy), built in 1883 by a renowned architect of the time. It was studied in detail in order to establish the material it is made of and to highlight its degradation and what caused it. The study was carried out by combining different techniques, for example, a detailed minero-petrographic study was performed, together with classical chemical qualitative and quantitative analyses of all the main cations and anions present, using ion chromatography and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. On the other hand, most of the classic instrumental analytical methodologies were also performed, such as powder X-ray diffractometry, thermal analysis (TG, DTG, and DTA), and SEM spectroscopy. In this way, it was possible to know its composition, hypothesize the origin of the material, highlight the type of degradation, and study the main likely causes. The focus of the research, in our opinion, lies both in the scarcity of published studies regarding this type of artefact, especially if it belongs to the period of the artefact we investigated, and in having demonstrated how chemical and instrumental analyses of different types, can contribute to obtaining different information and how, above all, their results are useful for the mutual validation of the results themselves.
该白灰岩属于意大利米兰市的一座古典宫殿，由当时的著名建筑师建于 1883 年。我们对其进行了详细的研究，以确定其材质，并重点了解其退化情况及其原因。研究结合了各种不同的技术，例如，我们进行了详细的零点透视研究，并使用离子色谱法和紫外可见分光光度法对其中存在的所有主要阳离子和阴离子进行了经典的化学定性和定量分析。另一方面，还采用了大多数经典的仪器分析方法，如粉末 X 射线衍射仪、热分析（TG、DTG 和 DTA）和 SEM 光谱法。我们认为，这项研究的重点既在于有关这类文物（尤其是属于我们所调查文物时期的文物）的公开研究很少，也在于证明了不同类型的化学和仪器分析如何有助于获得不同的信息，以及它们的结果如何有助于相互验证结果本身。
{"title":"Analytical-petrographic Study of Bugnato Degradation of an Ancient Milan Building","authors":"M. Tomassetti, M. Castrucci, E. Dell’Aglio, M. Sammartino, G. Visco, E. Martini, Francesca Innocenzi, R. Reale, Sara Ronca","doi":"10.2174/0115734110302240240517102821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110302240240517102821","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The ashlar belongs to a classic palace located in the city of Milan (Italy), built in\u00001883 by a renowned architect of the time. It was studied in detail in order to establish the material it\u0000is made of and to highlight its degradation and what caused it.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study was carried out by combining different techniques, for example, a detailed\u0000minero-petrographic study was performed, together with classical chemical qualitative and quantitative\u0000analyses of all the main cations and anions present, using ion chromatography and UV-Vis spectrophotometry.\u0000On the other hand, most of the classic instrumental analytical methodologies were\u0000also performed, such as powder X-ray diffractometry, thermal analysis (TG, DTG, and DTA), and\u0000SEM spectroscopy.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this way, it was possible to know its composition, hypothesize the origin of the material,\u0000highlight the type of degradation, and study the main likely causes.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The focus of the research, in our opinion, lies both in the scarcity of published studies\u0000regarding this type of artefact, especially if it belongs to the period of the artefact we investigated,\u0000and in having demonstrated how chemical and instrumental analyses of different types, can contribute\u0000to obtaining different information and how, above all, their results are useful for the mutual validation\u0000of the results themselves.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141345131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-07DOI: 10.2174/0115734110296142240530080006
Bo Wang, Xia Yang, Jian-hao Lin, Guan-Hua Wang, Jian-Xin Chen, Tao Jin, Feng-Xiang Zhang
Ganoderma lucidum, which is widely used as “Ganoderma” in China or other Asian countries (Japan, Korea, etc), exerts an important role in tonifying qi and calming the mind in clinical applications. Triterpenoids are the main active components in Ganoderma lucidum, with significant biological activities of hepatoprotective, anticancer, and anti-tumor, etc. However, the current analysis of triterpenoids in Ganoderma lucidum by mass spectrometry is limited, restricting its quality control and elucidation of its functional basis. This work aimed to systematically characterize the triterpenoids in Ganoderma lucidum. The Ganoderma lucidum powder was extracted by 50% ethanol/water and separated by Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.8 μm). The data was obtained by Waters G2-Q-TOF mass spectrometry equipped with an electrospray ionization ion (ESI) source, and the MS data under positive and negative modes was acquired and analyzed. A total of 43 triterpenoids were identified or tentatively characterized from the extracts of Ganoderma lucidum, including 32 known compounds and 11 potential new compounds. Among them, five triterpenoids were unambiguously identified by comparison with reference standards, including ganoderic acid A(28), ganoderic acid D(36), ganoderenic acid D(34), ganoderic acid F(43), and ganoderic acid G(16). The profiled triterpenoids could be divided into eight types according to the substituents at the C3, C7 and C15 positions of the parent structure. The mass fragmentation rules of Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids were summarized. Under the positive ion mode, Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids easily lost CH3 at the C10 position and H2O at C3, C7, and C15 positions, and the side chain bond at the C22(23) position was easily split. Under the negative ion mode, the split of the C and D rings was the characteristic feature. A total of 43 triterpenoids were identified or tentatively characterized from the extracts of Ganoderma lucidum, including 32 known compounds and 11 potential new compounds. Among them, five triterpenoids were unambitiously identified by comparison with reference standards, including ganoderic acid A(28), ganoderic acid D(36), ganoderenic acid D(34), ganoderic acid F(43), and ganoderic acid G(16). These triterpenoids could be divided into eight types according to the substituents at the C3, C7 and C15 positions of the parent structure. The mass fragmentation rules of Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids were summarized. Under the positive ion mode, Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids easily lost CH3 at the C10 position and H2O at C3, C7, C15 position, and the side chain bond at C22(23) position was easily cracked. Under the negative ion mode, the crack of the C and D rings was the characteristic feature. The mass fragmentation behaviors of Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids under positive ion mode were summarized and emphasized, and reliable scientific data and methods for systematic characterization
{"title":"Systematic Characterization of Triterpenoids in Ganoderma lucidum by UHPLC-Q/TOF MS","authors":"Bo Wang, Xia Yang, Jian-hao Lin, Guan-Hua Wang, Jian-Xin Chen, Tao Jin, Feng-Xiang Zhang","doi":"10.2174/0115734110296142240530080006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110296142240530080006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Ganoderma lucidum, which is widely used as “Ganoderma” in China or\u0000other Asian countries (Japan, Korea, etc), exerts an important role in tonifying qi and calming the\u0000mind in clinical applications. Triterpenoids are the main active components in Ganoderma lucidum,\u0000with significant biological activities of hepatoprotective, anticancer, and anti-tumor, etc. However,\u0000the current analysis of triterpenoids in Ganoderma lucidum by mass spectrometry is limited, restricting\u0000its quality control and elucidation of its functional basis.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This work aimed to systematically characterize the triterpenoids in Ganoderma lucidum.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The Ganoderma lucidum powder was extracted by 50% ethanol/water and separated by\u0000Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.8 μm). The data was obtained by\u0000Waters G2-Q-TOF mass spectrometry equipped with an electrospray ionization ion (ESI) source, and\u0000the MS data under positive and negative modes was acquired and analyzed.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A total of 43 triterpenoids were identified or tentatively characterized from the extracts of\u0000Ganoderma lucidum, including 32 known compounds and 11 potential new compounds. Among\u0000them, five triterpenoids were unambiguously identified by comparison with reference standards,\u0000including ganoderic acid A(28), ganoderic acid D(36), ganoderenic acid D(34), ganoderic acid F(43),\u0000and ganoderic acid G(16). The profiled triterpenoids could be divided into eight types according to\u0000the substituents at the C3, C7 and C15 positions of the parent structure. The mass fragmentation rules\u0000of Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids were summarized. Under the positive ion mode, Ganoderma\u0000lucidum triterpenoids easily lost CH3 at the C10 position and H2O at C3, C7, and C15 positions, and\u0000the side chain bond at the C22(23) position was easily split. Under the negative ion mode, the split of\u0000the C and D rings was the characteristic feature.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A total of 43 triterpenoids were identified or tentatively characterized from the extracts of Ganoderma lucidum, including 32 known compounds and 11 potential new compounds. Among them, five triterpenoids were unambitiously identified by comparison with reference standards, including ganoderic acid A(28), ganoderic acid D(36), ganoderenic acid D(34), ganoderic acid F(43), and ganoderic acid G(16). These triterpenoids could be divided into eight types according to the substituents at the C3, C7 and C15 positions of the parent structure. The mass fragmentation rules of Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids were summarized. Under the positive ion mode, Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids easily lost CH3 at the C10 position and H2O at C3, C7, C15 position, and the side chain bond at C22(23) position was easily cracked. Under the negative ion mode, the crack of the C and D rings was the characteristic feature.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The mass fragmentation behaviors of Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids under positive\u0000ion mode were summarized and emphasized, and reliable scientific data and methods for systematic\u0000characterization ","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141373905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-06DOI: 10.2174/0115734110299710240528074433
M. Al‐Anber, Neda’a Al-Adaileh, M. Zaitoun, I. Al-Momani, D. Sobola, A. K. Hijazi, Suresh Sagadevan
A fabricated silica gel, SiO2-(1-(bis(2-aminoethyl)amino)-3-(silyl)propane-2-ol), SiO2-BAEASP, has successfully enhanced the capture of UO22+ ions from water in an unprecedented study. The reported studies examine the removal of uranyl ions, specifically focusing on the efficiency, selectivity, and cost-effectiveness of traditional removal methods including various adsorbents, nanomaterials, and functionalized surfaces. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the capturing capabilities of SiO2-BAEASP for aqueous uranium (VI) ions through batch sorption techniques. Several key parameters affecting sorption, including pH, initial concentration, temperature, and dosage, were meticulously controlled to gain insights into the capturing process's thermodynamic and kinetic aspects and determine the mechanisms involved. The equilibrium of the capturing process was observed to occur within just 5 to 10 minutes under a variety of conditions. The maximum capturing capacity of uranium (VI) ions into SiO2-BAEASP is found to be ca. 99% under the experimental conditions of pH = 5 - 7, Ci = 50 mg L-1, T = 55 °C, dosage = 2 g L-1, and 80 rpm. The sorption behavior of U(VI) ions on SiO2-BAEASP followed the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 ≈ 1), indicating favorable (Rl < 0.02) and spontaneous sorption of ΔG = 39.874 to 49.079 kJ mol-1. The motivation for the sorption process was attributed to the chemisorption of U(IV) ions via amino active sites, forming an inner complex sphere of the general form SiO2-BAEASP-U(VI). This finding was supported by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 ≈ 1), which provided insights into the rate constant and sorption capacities. The obtained information could potentially be utilized to develop a technology utilizing new materials of SiO2-BAEASP for catching uranium ions from water or for peaceful reuse applications. Overall, this study adds to the existing body of knowledge on water treatment, filling a notable gap in the literature and paving the way for further research and development of innovative materials for the removal of uranyl ions and other heavy metal contaminants from water sources.
{"title":"UO2 2+ Ion Capture Enhanced with SiO2-based Compound: Insights into\u0000Kinetic, Thermodynamics, and Transport Analysis","authors":"M. Al‐Anber, Neda’a Al-Adaileh, M. Zaitoun, I. Al-Momani, D. Sobola, A. K. Hijazi, Suresh Sagadevan","doi":"10.2174/0115734110299710240528074433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110299710240528074433","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000A fabricated silica gel, SiO2-(1-(bis(2-aminoethyl)amino)-3-(silyl)propane-2-ol), SiO2-BAEASP, has successfully enhanced the capture of UO22+ ions from water in an unprecedented study.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The reported studies examine the removal of uranyl ions, specifically focusing on the efficiency, selectivity, and cost-effectiveness of traditional removal methods including various adsorbents, nanomaterials, and functionalized surfaces.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The primary objective of this study is to investigate the capturing capabilities of SiO2-BAEASP for aqueous uranium (VI) ions through batch sorption techniques.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Several key parameters affecting sorption, including pH, initial concentration, temperature, and dosage, were meticulously controlled to gain insights into the capturing process's thermodynamic and kinetic aspects and determine the mechanisms involved.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The equilibrium of the capturing process was observed to occur within just 5 to 10 minutes under a variety of conditions. The maximum capturing capacity of uranium (VI) ions into SiO2-BAEASP is found to be ca. 99% under the experimental conditions of pH = 5 - 7, Ci = 50 mg L-1, T = 55 °C, dosage = 2 g L-1, and 80 rpm. The sorption behavior of U(VI) ions on SiO2-BAEASP followed the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 ≈ 1), indicating favorable (Rl < 0.02) and spontaneous sorption of ΔG = 39.874 to 49.079 kJ mol-1. The motivation for the sorption process was attributed to the chemisorption of U(IV) ions via amino active sites, forming an inner complex sphere of the general form SiO2-BAEASP-U(VI). This finding was supported by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 ≈ 1), which provided insights into the rate constant and sorption capacities.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The obtained information could potentially be utilized to develop a technology utilizing new materials of SiO2-BAEASP for catching uranium ions from water or for peaceful reuse applications.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Overall, this study adds to the existing body of knowledge on water treatment, filling a notable gap in the literature and paving the way for further research and development of innovative materials for the removal of uranyl ions and other heavy metal contaminants from water sources.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141376761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-06DOI: 10.2174/0115734110304016240530075916
S. Özer, K. Kelleci, S. Canim-Ates, C. Canbek
The study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity and anticancer potential of gold nanorods (GNRs) synthesized using hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide capped seed (CTAB) on L929 fibroblast cells and glioma cells. Gold nanorods were synthesized through the CTAB method, and their characterization was conducted using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The MTT cell viability assay was employed to assess the cytotoxic and anticancer effects of the synthesized gold nanorods on L929 fibroblast cells and glioma cells. Analysis results revealed that the synthesized gold nanorods had an average size of 6.4 nm and rod-like morphology, with an absorbance peak of 836 nm. The quantity of synthesized GNRs was calculated to be 3.63 μM. Cytotoxicity analysis showed an IC50 value of 1.29 μM for L929 fibroblast cells and 1.26 μM for C6 glioma cells, indicating significant cytotoxic effects. Treatment with GNRs induced apoptosis in glioma cells and inhibited their proliferation, suggesting potential anticancer activity. The findings suggest that GNRs hold promise as effective agents for cancer therapy. Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying their anticancer effects and to explore their potential clinical applications in cancer treatment.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Anticarcinogenic and Cytotoxicity Effects of Small Gold\u0000Nanorods Against Gliomablast Cell Lines in an In vitro Model","authors":"S. Özer, K. Kelleci, S. Canim-Ates, C. Canbek","doi":"10.2174/0115734110304016240530075916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110304016240530075916","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity and anticancer potential of gold\u0000nanorods (GNRs) synthesized using hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide capped seed (CTAB) on\u0000L929 fibroblast cells and glioma cells.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Gold nanorods were synthesized through the CTAB method, and their characterization\u0000was conducted using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and\u0000scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The MTT cell viability assay was employed to assess the cytotoxic\u0000and anticancer effects of the synthesized gold nanorods on L929 fibroblast cells and glioma\u0000cells.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Analysis results revealed that the synthesized gold nanorods had an average size of 6.4 nm\u0000and rod-like morphology, with an absorbance peak of 836 nm. The quantity of synthesized GNRs\u0000was calculated to be 3.63 μM. Cytotoxicity analysis showed an IC50 value of 1.29 μM for L929\u0000fibroblast cells and 1.26 μM for C6 glioma cells, indicating significant cytotoxic effects. Treatment\u0000with GNRs induced apoptosis in glioma cells and inhibited their proliferation, suggesting potential\u0000anticancer activity.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The findings suggest that GNRs hold promise as effective agents for cancer therapy.\u0000Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying their anticancer effects\u0000and to explore their potential clinical applications in cancer treatment.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141379536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-06DOI: 10.2174/0115734110297005240531055254
Mengfei Yang, Jing Shi, Taiming Luo, Xiaozhan Yang
By using terephthalic acid, 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid, and terbium nitrate hexahydrate, a Tb-MOF with a core-shell structure was successfully designed and prepared. A one-pot method was employed to design and synthesize core-shell Tb-MOF. The morphology, luminescence performance, and stability were well characterized. Tb-MOF demonstrated good water stability, acid and alkali resistance, and thermal stability. Tb-MOF was found to have high sensitivity to detect Cr3+, Bi3+, and acetone in an aqueous solution, and the LOD of Cr3+, Bi3+, and acetone were calculated to be 0.18 μM, 4.22 μM, and 0.26%, respectively. The sensing mechanism of Cr3+ and acetone was explained as energy-competitive absorption, and the sensing mechanism of Bi3+ was explained as ion replacement. The prepared Tb-MOF can be developed as a multifunctional light-emitting sensor with high selectivity.
{"title":"Luminescence Detection of Cr3+, Bi3+, and Acetone in Aqueous Solution by\u0000Core-Shell Tb-MOF","authors":"Mengfei Yang, Jing Shi, Taiming Luo, Xiaozhan Yang","doi":"10.2174/0115734110297005240531055254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110297005240531055254","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000By using terephthalic acid, 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid, and terbium nitrate\u0000hexahydrate, a Tb-MOF with a core-shell structure was successfully designed and prepared.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A one-pot method was employed to design and synthesize core-shell Tb-MOF. The\u0000morphology, luminescence performance, and stability were well characterized.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Tb-MOF demonstrated good water stability, acid and alkali resistance, and thermal stability.\u0000Tb-MOF was found to have high sensitivity to detect Cr3+, Bi3+, and acetone in an aqueous solution,\u0000and the LOD of Cr3+, Bi3+, and acetone were calculated to be 0.18 μM, 4.22 μM, and 0.26%,\u0000respectively. The sensing mechanism of Cr3+ and acetone was explained as energy-competitive\u0000absorption, and the sensing mechanism of Bi3+ was explained as ion replacement.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The prepared Tb-MOF can be developed as a multifunctional light-emitting sensor with\u0000high selectivity.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141379569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-06DOI: 10.2174/0115734110323086240604100829
Sabarivasan M, Stalin Selvaraj
The aim of this study was to demonstrate the practical and sensitive lead detection using biogenic silver nanoparticles in dark chocolate samples and silver nitrate was reduced using Syzygium cumini aqueous seed extract as a reducing agent to produce nanoparticles. The obtained NPs were characterized via spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy The formation of NPs was confirmed by shift in lambda max to 430 nm and observation of 2 nm sized particles in SEM. Data on change in lambda max as a function of time must be shown in a figure. Silver nanoparticles mixed with lead induce a red shift from the original 430 nm to 434 nm absorption maximum, confirming the efficiency of silver nanoparticles in finding a lead. We evaluated that the limit of detection (LOD) was to be 0.8715 µg/mL, and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was found to be 150 µg/ mL. The prepared biogenic silver nanoparticles have been used to detect lead in spiked diluted chocolates.
{"title":"Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles for the Estimation of Lead in Chocolates","authors":"Sabarivasan M, Stalin Selvaraj","doi":"10.2174/0115734110323086240604100829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110323086240604100829","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The aim of this study was to demonstrate the practical and sensitive lead\u0000detection using biogenic silver nanoparticles in dark chocolate samples and silver nitrate was reduced using Syzygium cumini aqueous seed extract as a reducing agent to produce nanoparticles.\u0000The obtained NPs were characterized via spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The formation of NPs was confirmed by shift in lambda max to 430 nm and observation of\u00002 nm sized particles in SEM. Data on change in lambda max as a function of time must be shown in\u0000a figure. Silver nanoparticles mixed with lead induce a red shift from the original 430 nm to 434 nm\u0000absorption maximum, confirming the efficiency of silver nanoparticles in finding a lead.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000We evaluated that the limit of detection (LOD) was to be 0.8715 µg/mL, and the limit of\u0000quantification (LOQ) was found to be 150 µg/ mL.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The prepared biogenic silver nanoparticles have been used to detect lead in spiked diluted chocolates.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141376418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.2174/0115734110306162240527050732
Innocent Mugudamani, S. Oke, T. Gumede, S. Senbore
Emerging contaminants are present in the water and need to be monitored and managed as they are of major environmental and health concern universally. Exposure to emerging contaminants in water sources can pose a significant risk to both aquatic species and human health. This study assessed the risks of emerging contaminants in urban and natural water sources. A high-performance liquid chromatography connected to a hybrid triple quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer was used to analyse the targeted emerging contaminants. The ecological and human health risk assessment methods were used to assess the possible risks of contaminants. Emerging contaminants such as 17-ethinyl-estradiol, simazine, ibuprofen, atrazine, carbamazepine, terbuthylazine, and metolachlor showed the possibility of high ecological risks to aquatic species. Risk mixture values in all water sources showed that the aquatic species are at high risk in all seasons. The non-carcinogenic risk of all selected herbicides in all water sources showed risk quotient values below 1 for the entire population, signifying that the population is safe. Atrazine is the only contaminant that showed high carcinogenic risk to the adult group in river water during the summer season. It can be concluded that aquatic species and public health are at risk. The outcomes of the study may aid in the development of environmental quality standards for regulatory and environmental sustainability purposes
{"title":"Risk Assessment of Emerging Contaminants in Urban and Natural Water\u0000Sources around Bloemfontein, South Africa: Implication for Environmental\u0000Sustainability","authors":"Innocent Mugudamani, S. Oke, T. Gumede, S. Senbore","doi":"10.2174/0115734110306162240527050732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110306162240527050732","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Emerging contaminants are present in the water and need to be monitored\u0000and managed as they are of major environmental and health concern universally. Exposure to emerging\u0000contaminants in water sources can pose a significant risk to both aquatic species and human\u0000health. This study assessed the risks of emerging contaminants in urban and natural water sources.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A high-performance liquid chromatography connected to a hybrid triple quadrupole ion\u0000trap mass spectrometer was used to analyse the targeted emerging contaminants. The ecological and\u0000human health risk assessment methods were used to assess the possible risks of contaminants.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Emerging contaminants such as 17-ethinyl-estradiol, simazine, ibuprofen, atrazine, carbamazepine,\u0000terbuthylazine, and metolachlor showed the possibility of high ecological risks to aquatic\u0000species. Risk mixture values in all water sources showed that the aquatic species are at high risk in\u0000all seasons. The non-carcinogenic risk of all selected herbicides in all water sources showed risk\u0000quotient values below 1 for the entire population, signifying that the population is safe. Atrazine is\u0000the only contaminant that showed high carcinogenic risk to the adult group in river water during the\u0000summer season.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000It can be concluded that aquatic species and public health are at risk. The outcomes of\u0000the study may aid in the development of environmental quality standards for regulatory and environmental\u0000sustainability purposes\u0000","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141387811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.2174/0115734110305991240523073849
Carlos Rafael Silva de Oliveira, Gabriela Maestri, G. A. Tochetto, Julia Lemos de Oliveira, Ederson Stiegelmaier, Thomas Volkhard Fischer, A. Immich
Nanoplastics (NPs) have emerged as a concerning environmental pollutant due to their ubiquitous presence and potential adverse effects on human health. This review aims to elucidate the routes of NP contamination and their associated toxic effects on various systems within the human body. The inhalation of NPs presents a significant route of exposure, where particles can deposit deep within the respiratory tract, leading to potential respiratory health complications. Similarly, ingestion of NPs through contaminated food and water sources poses a risk to gastrointestinal and urinary tract health. Additionally, dermal permeation of NPs highlights another avenue for exposure, raising concerns about skin health. The potential toxic effects of micro(nano)plastics (MNPs) on human health span across multiple physiological systems. MNPs have been implicated in respiratory ailments, gastrointestinal disturbances, cardiovascular complications, blood abnormalities, compromised immune responses, neurological impairments, and reproductive dysfunctions. Understanding these toxic effects is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate NP exposure and protect human health. This review underscores the urgent need for interdisciplinary research efforts aimed at assessing NP toxicity comprehensively and implementing measures to reduce NP contamination in the environment.
{"title":"Nanoplastics: Unveiling Contamination Routes and Toxicological Implications for Human Health","authors":"Carlos Rafael Silva de Oliveira, Gabriela Maestri, G. A. Tochetto, Julia Lemos de Oliveira, Ederson Stiegelmaier, Thomas Volkhard Fischer, A. Immich","doi":"10.2174/0115734110305991240523073849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110305991240523073849","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Nanoplastics (NPs) have emerged as a concerning environmental pollutant due to their\u0000ubiquitous presence and potential adverse effects on human health. This review aims to elucidate the\u0000routes of NP contamination and their associated toxic effects on various systems within the human\u0000body. The inhalation of NPs presents a significant route of exposure, where particles can deposit\u0000deep within the respiratory tract, leading to potential respiratory health complications. Similarly,\u0000ingestion of NPs through contaminated food and water sources poses a risk to gastrointestinal and\u0000urinary tract health. Additionally, dermal permeation of NPs highlights another avenue for exposure,\u0000raising concerns about skin health. The potential toxic effects of micro(nano)plastics (MNPs) on\u0000human health span across multiple physiological systems. MNPs have been implicated in respiratory\u0000ailments, gastrointestinal disturbances, cardiovascular complications, blood abnormalities, compromised\u0000immune responses, neurological impairments, and reproductive dysfunctions. Understanding\u0000these toxic effects is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate NP exposure and protect human\u0000health. This review underscores the urgent need for interdisciplinary research efforts aimed at assessing\u0000NP toxicity comprehensively and implementing measures to reduce NP contamination in the\u0000environment.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141387598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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