Pub Date : 2024-05-13DOI: 10.2174/0115734110296331240503100544
Waleed El-Said, Ahmad Alsulmi, Wael Alshitari
Non-enzymatic direct glucose biofuel cell is a promising technology to harness sustainable renewable energy. Furthermore, monitoring glucose levels is essential for human lives with age. Thus, there is an increasing need to develop highly efficient and stable modified electrodes. This study reported the manufacture of gold nanoparticles/polyaniline/modified gold electrodes (Au NPs/PANI/Au electrode) based on the electrochemical polymerization method followed by the deposition of gold nanoparticles. The shapes and chemical constitution of the electrodes were examined by using different techniques including SEM, FTIR, XRD, EDS, and Raman spectroscopy techniques. The electrocatalytic efficiency of the present electrodes toward direct glucose oxidation was evaluated by applying cyclic voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry, and square wave voltammetry techniques. fabrication of stable modified electrodes uses of the modified electrodes for renewable energy The results exhibited high electrocatalytic performance for direct glucose electrooxidation in alkaline media. The modified electrodes show the ability to electrooxidation of various glucose concentrations (1 μM ̶ 100 μM) with a limit of detection and limit of quantitation of 140 nM and 424 nM, respectively. Furthermore, the Au NPs/PANI/Au electrode showed higher durability, sensitivity, and selectivity toward glucose oxidation than the Au NPs/ Au electrode, which confirmed the role of the PANI layer in enhancing the stability of the modified electrode. Moreover, the molar fraction of glucose to KOH has a crucial role in the output current. Hence, the modified electrodes are great candidates for direct glucose biofuel cell application. The electrocatalytic efficiency of the present electrodes toward direct glucose oxidation was evaluated by applying the cyclic voltammetry technique. The results exhibited high electrocatalytic performance for direct glucose electrooxidation in alkaline media. The modified electrodes show the ability to electrooxidation of various glucose concentrations (0.125M-2M). Furthermore, the Au NPs/PANI/Au electrode showed higher durability toward glucose oxidation than the Au NPs/ Au electrode, which confirmed the role of the PANI layer in enhancing the stability of the modified electrode. Moreover, the molar fraction of glucose to KOH has a crucial role in the output current.
非酶促直接葡萄糖生物燃料电池是一种利用可持续可再生能源的前景广阔的技术。此外，随着年龄的增长，监测葡萄糖水平对人类生活至关重要。本研究报告了基于电化学聚合法制造金纳米粒子/聚苯胺/改性金电极（Au NPs/PANI/Au电极），然后沉积金纳米粒子。使用不同的技术，包括 SEM、FTIR、XRD、EDS 和拉曼光谱技术，对电极的形状和化学组成进行了研究。应用循环伏安法、线性扫描伏安法和方波伏安法评估了本电极对葡萄糖直接氧化的电催化效率。改性电极能够电氧化不同浓度的葡萄糖（1 μM ̶ 100 μM），检出限和定量限分别为 140 nM 和 424 nM。此外，与 Au NPs/ Au 电极相比，Au NPs/PANI/Au 电极在葡萄糖氧化方面表现出更高的耐久性、灵敏度和选择性，这证实了 PANI 层在提高改性电极稳定性方面的作用。结果表明，在碱性介质中直接进行葡萄糖电氧化具有很高的电催化性能。改性电极具有电氧化各种浓度葡萄糖（0.125M-2M）的能力。此外，与 Au NPs/ Au 电极相比，Au NPs/PANI/Au 电极对葡萄糖氧化的耐久性更高，这证实了 PANI 层在增强修饰电极稳定性方面的作用。此外，葡萄糖与 KOH 的摩尔分数对输出电流起着关键作用。
{"title":"Layer-by-layer Fabrication of Gold Nanoparticles/Polyaniline Modified Gold Electrodes for Direct Non-enzymatic Oxidation of Glucose","authors":"Waleed El-Said, Ahmad Alsulmi, Wael Alshitari","doi":"10.2174/0115734110296331240503100544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110296331240503100544","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Non-enzymatic direct glucose biofuel cell is a promising technology to\u0000harness sustainable renewable energy. Furthermore, monitoring glucose levels is essential for human\u0000lives with age. Thus, there is an increasing need to develop highly efficient and stable modified electrodes.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study reported the manufacture of gold nanoparticles/polyaniline/modified gold electrodes\u0000(Au NPs/PANI/Au electrode) based on the electrochemical polymerization method followed\u0000by the deposition of gold nanoparticles. The shapes and chemical constitution of the electrodes were\u0000examined by using different techniques including SEM, FTIR, XRD, EDS, and Raman spectroscopy\u0000techniques. The electrocatalytic efficiency of the present electrodes toward direct glucose oxidation\u0000was evaluated by applying cyclic voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry, and square wave voltammetry\u0000techniques.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000fabrication of stable modified electrodes\u0000uses of the modified electrodes for renewable energy\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The results exhibited high electrocatalytic performance for direct glucose electrooxidation\u0000in alkaline media. The modified electrodes show the ability to electrooxidation of various glucose\u0000concentrations (1 μM ̶ 100 μM) with a limit of detection and limit of quantitation of 140 nM and 424\u0000nM, respectively. Furthermore, the Au NPs/PANI/Au electrode showed higher durability, sensitivity,\u0000and selectivity toward glucose oxidation than the Au NPs/ Au electrode, which confirmed the role of\u0000the PANI layer in enhancing the stability of the modified electrode.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Moreover, the molar fraction of glucose to KOH has a crucial role in the output current.\u0000Hence, the modified electrodes are great candidates for direct glucose biofuel cell application.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The electrocatalytic efficiency of the present electrodes toward direct glucose oxidation was evaluated by applying the cyclic voltammetry technique. The results exhibited high electrocatalytic performance for direct glucose electrooxidation in alkaline media. The modified electrodes show the ability to electrooxidation of various glucose concentrations (0.125M-2M). Furthermore, the Au NPs/PANI/Au electrode showed higher durability toward glucose oxidation than the Au NPs/ Au electrode, which confirmed the role of the PANI layer in enhancing the stability of the modified electrode. Moreover, the molar fraction of glucose to KOH has a crucial role in the output current.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140984274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Corrosion of mild steel is a risk to material and stability. The practice of corrosion inhibitors is a cost-effective corrosion modification method for mild steel. Organic inhibitors rich in electrons might have an excellent ability to prevent corrosion. This study aims to assess the inhibitory effect of the mixture of Urea, Zinc Sulfate, and L-Phenylalanine, which has a high electron density Methods: MS corrosion was experimentally performed using H2SO4 at a pH of 4. Different gravimetric and conventional techniques, such as polarization, AC impedance AFM, UV, and fluorescence, were used to examine the studied data. Results: According to gravimetric measurements, this combination produced 93% effective inhibition. The findings of the impedance test proved that the mixture of inhibitors that was adsorbed on the metal surface effectively prevented corrosion. Conclusion: Likewise, according to the Polarization measurements, the inhibitor exhibits mixed-type performance with significant cathodic activity. UV, Fluorescence, and AFM findings showed that MS corrosion was suppressed because the inhibitor molecule adhered to the metal's surface and reduced.
{"title":"Investigating the Effects of Urea-Zinc Sulfate-L Phenylalanine on the Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel Exposed to pH-4 Sulfuric Acid","authors":"M.B Geetha, Rajesh Nithyanandam, Jenish Soosai, S.S. Rajendran","doi":"10.2174/0115734110296231240501170801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110296231240501170801","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Corrosion of mild steel is a risk to material and stability. The practice of corrosion inhibitors is a cost-effective corrosion modification method for mild steel. Organic inhibitors rich in electrons might have an excellent ability to prevent corrosion. This study aims to assess the inhibitory effect of the mixture of Urea, Zinc Sulfate, and L-Phenylalanine, which has a high electron density Methods: MS corrosion was experimentally performed using H2SO4 at a pH of 4. Different gravimetric and conventional techniques, such as polarization, AC impedance AFM, UV, and fluorescence, were used to examine the studied data. Results: According to gravimetric measurements, this combination produced 93% effective inhibition. The findings of the impedance test proved that the mixture of inhibitors that was adsorbed on the metal surface effectively prevented corrosion. Conclusion: Likewise, according to the Polarization measurements, the inhibitor exhibits mixed-type performance with significant cathodic activity. UV, Fluorescence, and AFM findings showed that MS corrosion was suppressed because the inhibitor molecule adhered to the metal's surface and reduced.","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140940224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-13DOI: 10.2174/0115734110300593240325060533
Safa S. EL-Sanafery, Khaled M. Hussein, Ashraf A. Abbas, M. M. Omar, Gehad G. Mohamed
Background and Objective: This study presents a novel potentiometric method for the precise, accurate, selective, and rapid determination of Cr(III) ion concentration in different samples. Methods: A new ionophore, namely macrocyclic tetramide ionophore (MCTA), was synthesized through an inexpensive and straightforward approach, yielding a high-quality product. The (MCTA) ionophore was utilized as the active center in the preparation of modified carbon paste electrodes (MCPEs) to quantify the Cr(III) ion. The paste was made by adding graphite, MCTA, and plasticizer and mixing them in varying weight percent ratios. Results: The proposed electrodes, I and II, exhibited a trivalent Nernstian response of 20.029 ±0.57 and 20.3±0.56 mV decade-1 , respectively, with linearity of 1.0x10-7 – 1.0x10-2 and 1.0x10-5 – 1.0x10- 2 mol L-1 . Electrodes I and II were examined for their pH, response time, and thermal stability. In comparison to other mono-, bi-, and trivalent cations, starch, and sugars, the electrodes demonstrated a high degree of selectivity for Cr(III). The modified electrodes were used to determine the concentration of Cr(III) in various real samples, including drug tablets, juice extractions, and tap water, with acceptable recovery values. Conclusion: The results were compared with those obtained using the previously reported method, with no significant difference observed between them, as indicated by the F and t-test values. The data showed good accuracy and precision, as well as a high percentage of recovery. The adsorption capacity of the MCTA ionophore towards Cr(III) ions was also examined.
背景与目的：本研究提出了一种新颖的电位法，用于精确、准确、选择性地快速测定不同样品中的 Cr(III) 离子浓度。方法：通过一种廉价而简单的方法合成了一种新的离子源，即大环四胺离子源（MCTA），并获得了高质量的产品。在制备改性碳浆电极（MCPEs）时，利用（MCTA）离子团作为活性中心来定量检测铬（III）离子。将石墨、MCTA 和增塑剂按不同的重量百分比比例混合制成碳浆。结果：拟制电极 I 和 II 的三价 Nernstian 响应分别为 20.029 ±0.57 和 20.3±0.56 mV decade-1，线性度分别为 1.0x10-7 - 1.0x10-2 和 1.0x10-5 - 1.0x10- 2 mol L-1。对电极 I 和 II 的 pH 值、响应时间和热稳定性进行了检测。与其他一价、二价和三价阳离子、淀粉和糖相比，电极对 Cr(III) 具有高度的选择性。改良电极可用于测定各种实际样品（包括药物片剂、果汁提取物和自来水）中的三价铬浓度，且回收率可接受。结论将结果与之前报告的方法进行了比较，从 F 检验值和 t 检验值可以看出，两者之间没有显著差异。数据显示了良好的准确度和精确度，以及较高的回收率。此外，还考察了 MCTA 离子团对 Cr(III) 离子的吸附能力。
{"title":"A New Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for Selective Determination of Chromium(III) in Pharmaceutical Drugs and Food Samples","authors":"Safa S. EL-Sanafery, Khaled M. Hussein, Ashraf A. Abbas, M. M. Omar, Gehad G. Mohamed","doi":"10.2174/0115734110300593240325060533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110300593240325060533","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: This study presents a novel potentiometric method for the precise, accurate, selective, and rapid determination of Cr(III) ion concentration in different samples. Methods: A new ionophore, namely macrocyclic tetramide ionophore (MCTA), was synthesized through an inexpensive and straightforward approach, yielding a high-quality product. The (MCTA) ionophore was utilized as the active center in the preparation of modified carbon paste electrodes (MCPEs) to quantify the Cr(III) ion. The paste was made by adding graphite, MCTA, and plasticizer and mixing them in varying weight percent ratios. Results: The proposed electrodes, I and II, exhibited a trivalent Nernstian response of 20.029 ±0.57 and 20.3±0.56 mV decade-1 , respectively, with linearity of 1.0x10-7 – 1.0x10-2 and 1.0x10-5 – 1.0x10- 2 mol L-1 . Electrodes I and II were examined for their pH, response time, and thermal stability. In comparison to other mono-, bi-, and trivalent cations, starch, and sugars, the electrodes demonstrated a high degree of selectivity for Cr(III). The modified electrodes were used to determine the concentration of Cr(III) in various real samples, including drug tablets, juice extractions, and tap water, with acceptable recovery values. Conclusion: The results were compared with those obtained using the previously reported method, with no significant difference observed between them, as indicated by the F and t-test values. The data showed good accuracy and precision, as well as a high percentage of recovery. The adsorption capacity of the MCTA ionophore towards Cr(III) ions was also examined.","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140942466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-08DOI: 10.2174/0115734110303211240430161337
Yankai Liang, Kinjal J. Shah, Yongjun Sun
:: Nanoparticles are widely used in manufacturing, daily life applications, and other fields because of their unique properties. However, the nanoparticles that end up in surface water are difficult to break down naturally and cause environmental hazards that cannot be ignored. In this paper, the migration mode of nanoparticles in the environment was proposed, and the factors affecting the removal efficiency of nanoparticles mainly include ionic strength, natural organic matter, surface properties, etc. The common methods for removing nanoparticles mainly include coagulation precipitation methods, activated sludge methods, membrane filtration methods, and adsorption methods. In addition, new technologies such as photothermal removal and electro-adsorption have also been applied to remove nanoparticles in water. In future research, combining the advantages of different removal methods and using different methods interactively to remove nanoparticles in water could become a new research direction.
{"title":"Recent Advances in Technologies for Removing Nanoparticles from Water","authors":"Yankai Liang, Kinjal J. Shah, Yongjun Sun","doi":"10.2174/0115734110303211240430161337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110303211240430161337","url":null,"abstract":":: Nanoparticles are widely used in manufacturing, daily life applications, and other fields because of their unique properties. However, the nanoparticles that end up in surface water are difficult to break down naturally and cause environmental hazards that cannot be ignored. In this paper, the migration mode of nanoparticles in the environment was proposed, and the factors affecting the removal efficiency of nanoparticles mainly include ionic strength, natural organic matter, surface properties, etc. The common methods for removing nanoparticles mainly include coagulation precipitation methods, activated sludge methods, membrane filtration methods, and adsorption methods. In addition, new technologies such as photothermal removal and electro-adsorption have also been applied to remove nanoparticles in water. In future research, combining the advantages of different removal methods and using different methods interactively to remove nanoparticles in water could become a new research direction.","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140940157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
:: In recent years, research and development efforts have been heavily focused on conductive diamond electrodes for electrochemical applications. Such initiatives may have been spurred by their broad potential window, low background current, chemical inertness, and mechanical robustness. Compared to other carbon-based materials, conducting diamond can oxidize several analytes before the breakdown of water in aqueous electrolytes. Since the evolution of oxygen and hydrogen does not obstruct the analysis, this is significant for the detection and/or identification of species in solution. As a result, conductive diamond electrodes expand the application of electrochemical detection and make it possible to use them for analytes that are incompatible with traditional electrode materials. Fabricating boron-doped diamond films via chemical vapor deposition on different substrates is of special interest. This article highlights the therapeutic and electroanalytical applications of boron-doped diamond electrodes in various aspects in addition to the synthetic strategies to obtain Boron Doped Diamond Electrodes (BDDE), the cost-effectiveness of BDD and its in-vivo compatibility that will help the analytical researchers to learn almost everything about the previous studies done on BDDE and encourage them to work more efficiently in this research field.
{"title":"Recent Trends in Therapeutic and Electroanalytical Applications of Boron-Doped Diamond Sensors","authors":"Anish Soni, Prabhjot Kaur, Rohit Bhatia, Naresh Kumar Rangra","doi":"10.2174/0115734110304322240430053410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110304322240430053410","url":null,"abstract":":: In recent years, research and development efforts have been heavily focused on conductive diamond electrodes for electrochemical applications. Such initiatives may have been spurred by their broad potential window, low background current, chemical inertness, and mechanical robustness. Compared to other carbon-based materials, conducting diamond can oxidize several analytes before the breakdown of water in aqueous electrolytes. Since the evolution of oxygen and hydrogen does not obstruct the analysis, this is significant for the detection and/or identification of species in solution. As a result, conductive diamond electrodes expand the application of electrochemical detection and make it possible to use them for analytes that are incompatible with traditional electrode materials. Fabricating boron-doped diamond films via chemical vapor deposition on different substrates is of special interest. This article highlights the therapeutic and electroanalytical applications of boron-doped diamond electrodes in various aspects in addition to the synthetic strategies to obtain Boron Doped Diamond Electrodes (BDDE), the cost-effectiveness of BDD and its in-vivo compatibility that will help the analytical researchers to learn almost everything about the previous studies done on BDDE and encourage them to work more efficiently in this research field.","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140942503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.2174/0115734110294424240429040920
Linyang Wang, Aniwar Ikemu, Liwa Wang, Shuge Tian
Introduction: Leaves of Salvia deserta Schang at seven harvesting times in the same year were collected as the materials. Method: The polyphenols were determined by the Folin–Ciocaileu method and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to compare the quality of samples. The stability of polyphenols was studied under different conditions (light, temperature, pH, common additives). objective: The contents of total polyphenols in samples of different growth stages were determined by Folin-Ciocaileu colorimetry. The contents of rosmarinic acid and caffeic acid in samples of different growth stages were determined by HPLC. The stability of polyphenols in Salvia deserta Schang Leaves was investigated by measuring the change of polyphenol retention rate in different media (light, temperature, pH, oxidant, sugar, preservative, salt and citric acid) Results: The results showed that the established method is fast, simple and reliable, which is fully validated in terms of outstanding validation data. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) for the determination of total polyphenol content can be quickly and accurately detected, reducing the error of manual determination of the content. The study of polyphenol stability was carried out using a UV spectrophotometer (UV) in order to explore the potential factors affecting polyphenol stability as much as possible and to make the study as scientific and rigorous as possible. The results of quantitative determination showed that there are obvious differences in the content of polyphenols in seven samples. The contents of total polyphenols, rosmarinic acid (RA) and caffeic acid (CA) in the samples harvested in July reached the highest level of 41.37, 26.73 and 1.05 mg/g. Conclusion: The results of the stability assay found that light could damage the stability of polyphenols in samples, especially UV light. Polyphenols are quite sensitive to high temperatures. While polyphenols are less stable when exposed to high alkali conditions and salt treatment, they are much more stable when subjected to low concentrations of redox agents, carbohydrates, and preservatives. The developed methods and stability evaluation provide valuable basis information for quality evaluation and the following use of polyphenols in S. deserta Schang leaves.
{"title":"Studies on Quantitative Determination of Polyphenols in Seven Harvesting Times of Salvia deserta Schang Leaves and its Stability Evaluation","authors":"Linyang Wang, Aniwar Ikemu, Liwa Wang, Shuge Tian","doi":"10.2174/0115734110294424240429040920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110294424240429040920","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Leaves of Salvia deserta Schang at seven harvesting times in the same year were collected as the materials. Method: The polyphenols were determined by the Folin–Ciocaileu method and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to compare the quality of samples. The stability of polyphenols was studied under different conditions (light, temperature, pH, common additives). objective: The contents of total polyphenols in samples of different growth stages were determined by Folin-Ciocaileu colorimetry. The contents of rosmarinic acid and caffeic acid in samples of different growth stages were determined by HPLC. The stability of polyphenols in Salvia deserta Schang Leaves was investigated by measuring the change of polyphenol retention rate in different media (light, temperature, pH, oxidant, sugar, preservative, salt and citric acid) Results: The results showed that the established method is fast, simple and reliable, which is fully validated in terms of outstanding validation data. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) for the determination of total polyphenol content can be quickly and accurately detected, reducing the error of manual determination of the content. The study of polyphenol stability was carried out using a UV spectrophotometer (UV) in order to explore the potential factors affecting polyphenol stability as much as possible and to make the study as scientific and rigorous as possible. The results of quantitative determination showed that there are obvious differences in the content of polyphenols in seven samples. The contents of total polyphenols, rosmarinic acid (RA) and caffeic acid (CA) in the samples harvested in July reached the highest level of 41.37, 26.73 and 1.05 mg/g. Conclusion: The results of the stability assay found that light could damage the stability of polyphenols in samples, especially UV light. Polyphenols are quite sensitive to high temperatures. While polyphenols are less stable when exposed to high alkali conditions and salt treatment, they are much more stable when subjected to low concentrations of redox agents, carbohydrates, and preservatives. The developed methods and stability evaluation provide valuable basis information for quality evaluation and the following use of polyphenols in S. deserta Schang leaves.","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140940158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.2174/0115734110301044240426170020
Yangzhou Xie, Yi Yang, Yu Tian, Zhimin Liu, Zhigang Xu, Wei Jiang, Zhihua Liu, Xiaoxi Si
Background: Terpenoids are essential aroma substances in teas, and their concentration brings various characteristics to different teas. Therefore, developing a simple and stable method is necessary for distinguishing tea categories. Objective: In previous studies, more attention was paid to non-chiral isomers of terpenes due to the challenges of separating chiral isomers. So, this paper aims to present a method for effectively separating seven terpenoid substances, including chiral isomers and non-chiral isomers, to facilitate the classification and identification of teas. objective: In previous studies, more attention was paid to non-chiral isomers of terpeniods due to the challenges with separating chiral isomers. So, this paper aims to present a method for effectively separating seven terpenoid substances, including chiral isomers and non-chiral isomers, to facilitate the classification and identification of teas. Methods: A method utilizing headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography- mass spectrometry was used to isolate and analyze 7 terpenoid compounds. After optimized conditions, the BGB-176 chiral column and the PDMS/DVB fiber were selected for subsequent analysis. Results: This method has a good linear range of 0.1-200 mg/L, and its linear correlation coefficients are between 0.9974 and 0.9994, and the limit of detection and the limit of quantification is 0.02–0.03 and 0.06–0.09 mg/L, respectively. Only five terpenoid substances were detected in a total of 15 tea samples. Furthermore, In the detection of carvon and α-ionone optical isomers, the S isomer was mainly detected. Conclusions: An effective approach was developed to separate and analyze 7 terpenoid compounds in natural and synthetic teas. Meanwhile, 15 tea samples can be identified and classified using principal component analysis.
{"title":"Analysis of Seven Terpenoids by HS-SPME Coupled with GC-MS for the Identification and Classification of Different Teas","authors":"Yangzhou Xie, Yi Yang, Yu Tian, Zhimin Liu, Zhigang Xu, Wei Jiang, Zhihua Liu, Xiaoxi Si","doi":"10.2174/0115734110301044240426170020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110301044240426170020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Terpenoids are essential aroma substances in teas, and their concentration brings various characteristics to different teas. Therefore, developing a simple and stable method is necessary for distinguishing tea categories. Objective: In previous studies, more attention was paid to non-chiral isomers of terpenes due to the challenges of separating chiral isomers. So, this paper aims to present a method for effectively separating seven terpenoid substances, including chiral isomers and non-chiral isomers, to facilitate the classification and identification of teas. objective: In previous studies, more attention was paid to non-chiral isomers of terpeniods due to the challenges with separating chiral isomers. So, this paper aims to present a method for effectively separating seven terpenoid substances, including chiral isomers and non-chiral isomers, to facilitate the classification and identification of teas. Methods: A method utilizing headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography- mass spectrometry was used to isolate and analyze 7 terpenoid compounds. After optimized conditions, the BGB-176 chiral column and the PDMS/DVB fiber were selected for subsequent analysis. Results: This method has a good linear range of 0.1-200 mg/L, and its linear correlation coefficients are between 0.9974 and 0.9994, and the limit of detection and the limit of quantification is 0.02–0.03 and 0.06–0.09 mg/L, respectively. Only five terpenoid substances were detected in a total of 15 tea samples. Furthermore, In the detection of carvon and α-ionone optical isomers, the S isomer was mainly detected. Conclusions: An effective approach was developed to separate and analyze 7 terpenoid compounds in natural and synthetic teas. Meanwhile, 15 tea samples can be identified and classified using principal component analysis.","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140940209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.2174/0115734110287027240427064546
Hanjing Ge
Background: Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a versatile biomaterial with numerous applications, and the identification of bacterial strains that produce it is of great importance. This study explores the effectiveness of a Stacked Autoencoder (SAE)-based deep learning method for the classification of bacterial cellulose-producing bacteria. Objective: The primary objective of this research is to assess the potential of SAE-based classification models in accurately identifying and classifying bacterial cellulose-producing bacteria, with a particular focus on strain GZ-01. objective: The primary objective of this research is to assess the potential of SAE-based classification models in accurately identifying and classifying bacterial cellulose-producing bacteria, with a particular focus on strain GZ-01. Methods: Strain GZ-01 was isolated and subjected to a comprehensive characterization process, including morphological observations, physiological and biochemical analysis, and 16S rDNA sequencing. These methods were employed to determine the identity of strain GZ-01, ultimately recognized as Acetobacter Okinawa. The study compares the performance of SAE-based classification models to traditional methods like Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Results: The SAE-based classifier exhibits outstanding performance, achieving an impressive accuracy of 94.9% in the recognition and classification of bacterial cellulose-producing bacteria. This approach surpasses the efficacy of conventional PCA in handling the complexities of this classification task. Conclusion: The findings from this research highlight the immense potential of utilizing nanotechnology- driven data analysis methods, such as Stacked Autoencoders, in the realm of bacterial cellulose research. These advanced techniques offer a promising avenue for enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of bacterial cellulose-producing bacteria classification, which has significant implications for various applications in biotechnology and materials science.
{"title":"Deep Learning-enhanced Hyperspectral Imaging for the Rapid Identification and Classification of Foodborne Pathogens","authors":"Hanjing Ge","doi":"10.2174/0115734110287027240427064546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110287027240427064546","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a versatile biomaterial with numerous applications, and the identification of bacterial strains that produce it is of great importance. This study explores the effectiveness of a Stacked Autoencoder (SAE)-based deep learning method for the classification of bacterial cellulose-producing bacteria. Objective: The primary objective of this research is to assess the potential of SAE-based classification models in accurately identifying and classifying bacterial cellulose-producing bacteria, with a particular focus on strain GZ-01. objective: The primary objective of this research is to assess the potential of SAE-based classification models in accurately identifying and classifying bacterial cellulose-producing bacteria, with a particular focus on strain GZ-01. Methods: Strain GZ-01 was isolated and subjected to a comprehensive characterization process, including morphological observations, physiological and biochemical analysis, and 16S rDNA sequencing. These methods were employed to determine the identity of strain GZ-01, ultimately recognized as Acetobacter Okinawa. The study compares the performance of SAE-based classification models to traditional methods like Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Results: The SAE-based classifier exhibits outstanding performance, achieving an impressive accuracy of 94.9% in the recognition and classification of bacterial cellulose-producing bacteria. This approach surpasses the efficacy of conventional PCA in handling the complexities of this classification task. Conclusion: The findings from this research highlight the immense potential of utilizing nanotechnology- driven data analysis methods, such as Stacked Autoencoders, in the realm of bacterial cellulose research. These advanced techniques offer a promising avenue for enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of bacterial cellulose-producing bacteria classification, which has significant implications for various applications in biotechnology and materials science.","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140940153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Chlorogenic acid, an ester of caffeic acid with quinic acid, also known as 5- O-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA), is a ubiquitous plant constituent that is an important intermediate in lignin biosynthesis. In some cases, it occurs at surprisingly high levels in the leaves and fruits of certain higher plants, such as coffee beans. Due to its catechol moiety and an extended side chain conjugation, it easily forms a resonance-stabilised phenoxy radical, accounting for its powerful antioxidant potential. Objective: The objective of this work was to determine if the esterification and methylation of 5- CQA would enhance its antioxidant activity. Methods: Two 5-CQA derivatives were prepared for this study. Chlorogenic acid was esterified with methanol over Amberlite IR120-H to obtain methyl chlorogenate, while methyl 3',4´-dimethyl chlorogenate was prepared from 5-CQA by treatment with diazomethane. Spectroscopic methods confirmed the structure of these derivatives. Their antioxidant properties were tested to establish a relationship between structure and antioxidant activity. Results: Antioxidant activity results were generated for 5-CQA and its ester analogues using eight different methods. Depending on the method applied, results were expressed as IC50/MCE50 values or as equivalents of the applied standard (ascorbic acid and Trolox). Conclusion: In most of these tests, 5-CQA showed the highest antioxidant activity compared to its derivatives. Nevertheless, due to their hydrophobic characteristics, their ester analogues remain promising antioxidant candidates in emulsifying systems.
{"title":"In vitro Antioxidant Activity of 5-caffeoylquinic Acid and Ester Analogues","authors":"Muamer Dizdar, Danijela Vidic, Sanja Ćavar Zeljković, Milka Maksimović","doi":"10.2174/0115734110299953240425035548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110299953240425035548","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chlorogenic acid, an ester of caffeic acid with quinic acid, also known as 5- O-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA), is a ubiquitous plant constituent that is an important intermediate in lignin biosynthesis. In some cases, it occurs at surprisingly high levels in the leaves and fruits of certain higher plants, such as coffee beans. Due to its catechol moiety and an extended side chain conjugation, it easily forms a resonance-stabilised phenoxy radical, accounting for its powerful antioxidant potential. Objective: The objective of this work was to determine if the esterification and methylation of 5- CQA would enhance its antioxidant activity. Methods: Two 5-CQA derivatives were prepared for this study. Chlorogenic acid was esterified with methanol over Amberlite IR120-H to obtain methyl chlorogenate, while methyl 3',4´-dimethyl chlorogenate was prepared from 5-CQA by treatment with diazomethane. Spectroscopic methods confirmed the structure of these derivatives. Their antioxidant properties were tested to establish a relationship between structure and antioxidant activity. Results: Antioxidant activity results were generated for 5-CQA and its ester analogues using eight different methods. Depending on the method applied, results were expressed as IC50/MCE50 values or as equivalents of the applied standard (ascorbic acid and Trolox). Conclusion: In most of these tests, 5-CQA showed the highest antioxidant activity compared to its derivatives. Nevertheless, due to their hydrophobic characteristics, their ester analogues remain promising antioxidant candidates in emulsifying systems.","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140834452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-03DOI: 10.2174/0115734110307066240425055358
Golchin Poryan, Maedeh Noori, Zahra Talebpour, Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein
Introduction: In this work, a polyacrylate polymer was synthesized into a pipette tip containing cotton fibers and used to extract carvedilol from water and urine samples. Methods: A high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection method was developed, which demonstrated the suitability of the purposed pipette tip micro-solid-phase extraction device. Factors affecting the fabrication procedure and polymer quality were studied and optimized. In the next step, the sample preparation process (including extraction and desorption) was fully optimized, and the optimized method was validated. Results: A coating with suitable mechanical and chemical stability was achieved. Its structure was successfully characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Within-batch and between-batch fabrication reproducibility were obtained at 3.0 and 9.0 %, respectively. The developed method displayed a limit of detection of 1.1 µg L-1 when 1.5 mL of sample was processed, and it was linear in the concentration range of 3.3-350 µg L-1 with LLOQ of 5 µg L-1 . The polyacrylate cotton-based pipette tip was finally used to extract carvedilol from aqueous media with acceptable recoveries of 92-106%. Conclusion: The proposed method is simple and fast and requires low sample volumes. In addition, this method has been evaluated in terms of greenness with three different tools, and the evaluation results with all three tools have shown that this method is one of the green and environmentally friendly methods.
{"title":"A Polyacrylate Cotton-based Pipette Tip Micro-solid-phase Extraction Technique Coupled with High-performance Liquid Chromatography for Carvedilol Determination in Aqueous Media","authors":"Golchin Poryan, Maedeh Noori, Zahra Talebpour, Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein","doi":"10.2174/0115734110307066240425055358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734110307066240425055358","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In this work, a polyacrylate polymer was synthesized into a pipette tip containing cotton fibers and used to extract carvedilol from water and urine samples. Methods: A high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection method was developed, which demonstrated the suitability of the purposed pipette tip micro-solid-phase extraction device. Factors affecting the fabrication procedure and polymer quality were studied and optimized. In the next step, the sample preparation process (including extraction and desorption) was fully optimized, and the optimized method was validated. Results: A coating with suitable mechanical and chemical stability was achieved. Its structure was successfully characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Within-batch and between-batch fabrication reproducibility were obtained at 3.0 and 9.0 %, respectively. The developed method displayed a limit of detection of 1.1 µg L-1 when 1.5 mL of sample was processed, and it was linear in the concentration range of 3.3-350 µg L-1 with LLOQ of 5 µg L-1 . The polyacrylate cotton-based pipette tip was finally used to extract carvedilol from aqueous media with acceptable recoveries of 92-106%. Conclusion: The proposed method is simple and fast and requires low sample volumes. In addition, this method has been evaluated in terms of greenness with three different tools, and the evaluation results with all three tools have shown that this method is one of the green and environmentally friendly methods.","PeriodicalId":10742,"journal":{"name":"Current Analytical Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140834024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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