Crop Protection最新文献_第7页

Developing integrated pest and disease management approaches for sustainable management of key insect pests and diseases of lablab bean in Tamil Nadu, India 制定综合病虫害管理方法，可持续管理印度泰米尔纳德邦Lablab豆的主要病虫害。

IF 2.5 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Crop Protection

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107495

Pagalahalli Sankaran Shanmugam , Marimuthu Murugan , Mookiah Shanthi , Thiyagarajan Elaiyabharathi , Kathithachalam Angappan , Gandhi Karthikeyan , Naveen Murugesan , Aisvarya Srinivasan , Sheneka Rajendran , Gopal Arulkumar , Manjari Palanisamy , Manickam Ravishankar , Ramasamy Srinivasan

The lablab bean, Lablab purpureus (L.), is an important multipurpose vegetable crop grown throughout the year in India under irrigated conditions. Sucking insect pests, pod borers, anthracnose, leaf spot, rust, white mold, and viral diseases significantly reduce the profitability of lablab cultivation. Farmers often resort to chemical pesticides to manage insect pests and diseases due to their rapid action and cost-effectiveness. Although calendar-based insecticide applications reduce insect pests and diseases of lablab bean, this over-reliance can have undesirable effects on the ecosystem. Instead of relying solely on pesticides for this crop, combining complementary practices can help mitigate the adverse effects. We compared the Integrated Pest and Disease Management (IPDM) package with Farmers' practices in eight locations from 2022 to 2024 under an irrigated production system. The IPDM package reduced sucking insect pests, borers, and disease incidence, resulting in higher green pod yields than in the farmers' practice and the untreated control. Though the IPDM package doesn't show a marked difference in plant protection cost compared to the Farmers' practices, the net income and yield were significantly higher in IPDM-treated plots. The population of beneficial insects was considerably higher in IPDM and the untreated control than in the Farmers' practice. The IPDM package recorded the highest benefit-cost ratios of 4.60–5.23 in 2022–23 and 4.87–5.46 in 2023-24 across the experimental locations. The proposed IPDM package can be considered for efficient and cost-effective management of insect pests and diseases in lablab beans.

lablab豆，lablab purpureus (L.)，是一种重要的多用途蔬菜作物，全年在印度灌溉条件下种植。吸虫、荚果螟、炭疽病、叶斑病、锈病、白霉病和病毒性疾病显著降低了实验室栽培的盈利能力。农民经常使用化学农药来防治病虫害，因为它们行动迅速，成本效益高。虽然基于日历的杀虫剂应用减少了小豆的虫害和疾病，但这种过度依赖可能对生态系统产生不良影响。与其对这种作物完全依赖农药，还不如将互补的做法结合起来，有助于减轻不利影响。我们将病虫害综合管理（IPDM）包与灌溉生产系统下八个地点的农民实践进行了比较。IPDM包装减少了吸虫、蛀虫和疾病发病率，导致绿豆荚产量高于农民的做法和未经处理的对照。虽然IPDM一揽子方案在植保成本上与农民的做法没有显著差异，但IPDM处理地块的净收入和产量显著高于农民的做法。在IPDM和未经处理的对照中，有益昆虫的数量明显高于农民做法。IPDM包在2022-23年和2023-24年的效益成本比最高，分别为4.60-5.23和4.87-5.46。建议的IPDM包可以考虑有效和经济地管理实验室豆类的虫害和疾病。

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引用次数: 0

Newsletter 200 200年时事通讯

IF 2.5 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Crop Protection

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107481

引用次数: 0

First report of Fusarium equiseti and Fusarium oxysporum causing brown leaf spot on Chinese cabbage 大白菜褐叶斑病的镰刀菌和尖孢镰刀菌初报

IF 2.5 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Crop Protection

Pub Date : 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107484

Ran Gu , Changjiang Wang , Jingjing Ji , Xianfeng Zhang , Fengxin Shi , Yan Liu , Yaowei Zhang

Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis), a leafy vegetable of Chinese origin, is widely cultivated in East Asia. During August–September 2023, an outbreak of brown leaf spot was observed on Chinese cabbage at Xiangyang Farm, Xiangfang District, Harbin, China. Initial symptoms on infected plants included round to irregular brown leaf spots with whorled centers, which gradually expanded and eventually led to complete leaf necrosis. The causal agents were identified through isolation, morphological characterization, and phylogenetic analysis based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), elongation factor 1-α (EF1-α) gene, and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2). The pathogens were identified as Fusarium equiseti (F. equiseti) and Fusarium oxysporum (F. oxysporum). Koch's postulates were fulfilled by inoculating pure cultures onto Chinese cabbage, where symptoms induced by F. equiseti were consistent with those observed in the field. Host range assays demonstrated that F. equiseti can infect plants from Poaceae, Fabaceae, Solanaceae, Brassicaceae, Cucurbitaceae and Amaranthaceae. Biological characterization showed that F. equiseti (F.eq 1) exhibited optimal growth at 25 °C and pH 7 under any photoperiod, using a nitrogen-free medium supplemented with carbon sources including soluble starch, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na), or xylose. To our knowledge, this is the first report of F. equiseti and F. oxysporum causing brown leaf spot on Chinese cabbage in China and worldwide.

大白菜（芸苔）原产于中国的一种叶菜，在东亚广泛种植。2023年8 - 9月，在中国哈尔滨市香坊区向阳农场发现大白菜发生褐叶斑病。感染植株的初始症状包括圆形到不规则的棕色叶斑，中心呈轮状，逐渐扩大，最终导致叶片完全坏死。基于内部转录间隔段（ITS）、延伸因子1-α (EF1-α)基因和RNA聚合酶II （RPB2）第二大亚基，通过分离、形态学鉴定和系统发育分析确定了致病因子。病原鉴定为马尖镰刀菌（Fusarium equiseti）和尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum）。通过将纯培养物接种到大白菜上，证实了科赫的假设，在大白菜上，马瘟菌引起的症状与田间观察到的症状一致。寄主范围测定表明，该病菌可侵染禾科、豆科、茄科、十字花科、葫芦科和苋科植物。生物学特性研究表明，在25°C和pH为7的无氮培养基中，添加可溶性淀粉、羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC-Na）或木糖等碳源，在任何光周期下，F. equiseti （F.eq 1）生长最佳。据我们所知，这是中国和世界上第一次报道引起大白菜褐叶斑病的F. equiseti和F. oxysporum。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating Medicago spp. plant genetic resources for resistance to spring black stem and leaf spot pathogen 紫花苜蓿属植物抗春季黑茎叶斑病遗传资源评价

IF 2.5 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Crop Protection

Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107485

Brian M. Irish , Deborah Samac , Lyndon D. Porter , Garett C. Heineck

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), also known as lucerne, is the fourth most widely grown crop in the U.S. and plays key roles in animal nutrition and crop rotations. Several foliar diseases reduce yield and quality of herbage, impacting both plant and animal production and farm economy. Spring black stem and leaf spot, caused by Ascochyta medicaginicola (formerly Phoma medicaginis), is a damaging fungal leaf spot disease of alfalfa and needed levels resistance is lacking in commercial cultivars. To identify potential sources of resistance in alfalfa germplasm, an optimized greenhouse seedling inoculation protocol was developed. Several A. medicaginicola isolates were tested for pathogenicity and spore concentrations were optimized for ideal disease pressure. A rating scale, modified from an established protocol, with improved resolution was used to distinguish differences observed in disease phenotypes. After protocol improvements, 78 standard check alfalfa cultivars and 188 Medicago spp. accessions were screened for disease reaction in replicated trials and 2832 alfalfa accessions were screened for disease reaction in non-replicated evaluations. An ideal concentration of 5 × 10⁴ spores mL⁻¹ was determined by measuring the reaction of standard susceptible (Lahontan) and moderately resistant (Ramsey) check cultivars. Several cultivars and related Medicago species appeared to be more resistant than the moderately resistant checks. Many of the alfalfa accessions originating from colder and wetter environments (e.g., northern latitudes) also showed improved resistance compared to reference cultivars. Resistant germplasm selections were made from these screening efforts for further development of improved alfalfa populations.

紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa L.），也被称为苜蓿，是美国种植最广泛的第四大作物，在动物营养和作物轮作中起着关键作用。几种叶面病害严重影响牧草的产量和品质，严重影响动植物生产和农业经济。春黑茎叶斑病是紫花苜蓿的一种破坏性真菌叶斑病，是由Ascochyta medicaginicola（原Phoma medicaginis）引起的，商品品种缺乏必要的抗性。为确定苜蓿种质资源的潜在抗性来源，制定了一套优化的温室苗木接种方案。对几种药用假单胞菌进行了致病性测试，并对孢子浓度进行了优化，以达到理想的致病压力。从已建立的方案中修改的评分量表，具有改进的分辨率，用于区分在疾病表型中观察到的差异。改进方案后，在重复试验中筛选78个标准对照苜蓿品种和188个紫花苜蓿品种，在非重复评价中筛选2832个苜蓿品种。通过测定标准感菌（Lahontan）和中抗菌（Ramsey）对照品种的反应，确定了5 × 104个孢子mL−1的理想浓度。几个品种和相关的紫花苜蓿品种表现出比中等抗性检查更强的抗性。与参考品种相比，许多来自较冷和较湿环境（如北纬地区）的苜蓿品种也表现出更好的抗性。利用这些筛选成果进行抗性种质选择，为进一步开发苜蓿改良群体提供依据。

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引用次数: 0

Metabolite profile of fractionated Citrus sinensis pomace extract and its potential to control Meloidogyne javanica in soybean 柑桔渣提取液在大豆中的代谢物特征及其防治爪哇病的潜力

IF 2.5 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Crop Protection

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107483

Angélica Calandrelli , Francielli Alana Pereira Valeze , Angélica Miamoto , Débora Cristina Baldoqui , Cláudia Regina Dias-Arieira

Agroindustrial wastes, such as citrus biomass from industrial juice production, are promising sources of bioactive molecules for crop protection. This study aimed to determine the chemical composition of Citrus sinensis pomace extract, investigate its in vitro effects on the hatching of second-stage juveniles (J2) of Meloidogyne javanica, and assess its impacts on nematode reproduction on soybean plants using two application methods under greenhouse conditions. The crude methanolic extract (CME) was partitioned into hexane (HXF), dichloromethane (DCMF), ethyl acetate (EAF), and hydromethanolic (HMF) fractions. Chemical characterization and dereplication of the CME, DCMF, EAF, and HMF were performed by high-resolution mass spectrometry. In the hatching assay, fresh and dried pomace, as well as the CME, HXF, DCMF, EAF, and HMF were tested at three dilutions (0.5 %, 1.0 %, and 1.5 %), in addition to a water control. The reproduction assay was conducted using the same treatments, but only at a 1.5 % dilution. Organic acids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, lipids, terpenes, amino acids, nucleosides, and nitrogenous bases were identified in the extract. All treatments and concentrations reduced J2 hatching compared with the control. Among them, fresh pomace, dried pomace, HXF, and HMF showed the greatest reductions, with mean decreases of 69.4 %, 72.5 %, 75.4 %, and 76.3 %, respectively. All treatments also reduced M. javanica reproduction on soybean, particularly EAF and DCMF. Seed treatment resulted in improved nematode control and soybean development compared to the in-furrow application method. Citrus sinensis pomace extract is rich in bioactive compounds that exert direct effects on M. javanica eggs, inhibiting J2 hatching and nematode reproduction on soybean.

农业工业废弃物，如工业果汁生产的柑橘生物质，是作物保护生物活性分子的有前途的来源。本研究旨在测定柑桔渣提取物的化学成分，研究其在温室条件下对爪哇曲线虫（Meloidogyne javanica）二期幼虫（J2）体外孵化的影响，并评价其对线虫在大豆植株上繁殖的影响。粗甲醇提取物（CME）分为己烷（HXF）、二氯甲烷（DCMF）、乙酸乙酯（EAF）和氢甲醇（HMF）馏分。利用高分辨率质谱法对CME、DCMF、EAF和HMF进行化学表征和重复分析。在孵化实验中，除了水对照外，还以三种稀释度（0.5%，1.0%和1.5%）测试新鲜和干燥的果渣，以及CME， HXF， DCMF， EAF和HMF。繁殖试验使用相同的处理，但只有1.5%的稀释。在提取物中鉴定出有机酸、类黄酮、酚类化合物、脂类、萜烯、氨基酸、核苷和含氮碱。与对照相比，所有处理和浓度均降低了J2孵化率。其中鲜果渣、干果渣、HXF和HMF的降幅最大，平均降幅分别为69.4%、72.5%、75.4%和76.3%。所有处理均降低了爪哇菌在大豆上的繁殖，尤其是EAF和DCMF处理。与沟内施用相比，种子处理对线虫的控制和大豆的发育有改善。柑桔渣提取物含有丰富的生物活性物质，可直接作用于黑僵菌卵，抑制J2的孵化和线虫在大豆上的繁殖。

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引用次数: 0

Population dynamics and infestation intensity of Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in sugarcane (Saccharum spp.): Adult monitoring as a decision-support tool in pest management 甘蔗糖衣蝗（鳞翅目：蝗科）种群动态和侵染强度：成虫监测作为糖衣蝗防治决策支持工具

IF 2.5 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Crop Protection

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107482

Éllen R. Carbognin , Cláudia P. Ferreira , Odair A. Fernandes

Brazil has one of the most advanced biological control programs in the world, notably for the management of the sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis, through the release of the larval parasitoid Cotesia flavipes. However, this release depends on field monitoring of larvae, a crucial but costly and high-risk practice. Although pheromone-based delta traps are widely used to capture adults, their direct application in decision-making is still underutilized. This study aimed to model the population dynamics of D. saccharalis based on time series and to assess the relationship between the number of adults captured and infestation intensity (I.I.%), to support control decisions. Weekly monitoring was conducted over 2 years in 25-hectare commercial sugarcane fields at six locations in São Paulo and Goiás states, Brazil. Each field had four pheromone-baited delta traps and 50 fixed points for larval sampling. Both the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and the Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) models — statistical approaches for time series analysis and forecasting — were tested to fit the temporal dynamics of larvae and adults. SARIMA provided a better description, with a good fit and random residuals. Cross-correlation analysis revealed a five-week lag between adult and larval peaks. A second-degree polynomial regression showed that the accumulation of approximately 270 moths corresponds to the 3 % infestation threshold, representing a real-time estimate (R² = 0.67). For predictive purposes, considering a five-week lag, around 380 accumulated moths were required to reach the same threshold, indicating that adult captures today reflect infestation levels five weeks later (R² = 0.74). These results reinforce the potential of adult monitoring as a decision-support tool in pest management.

巴西拥有世界上最先进的生物防治计划之一，特别是通过释放幼虫寄生蜂Cotesia flavipes来管理甘蔗螟虫（Diatraea saccharalis）。然而，这种释放取决于对幼虫的现场监测，这是一种至关重要但代价高昂且高风险的做法。尽管基于信息素的三角诱捕器被广泛用于捕获成虫，但其在决策中的直接应用仍未得到充分利用。本研究旨在建立基于时间序列的糖夜蛾种群动态模型，并评估捕获成虫数量与侵染强度（i.i %）之间的关系，以支持控制决策。在巴西圣保罗州和Goiás州六个地点的25公顷商业甘蔗田进行了为期两年的每周监测。每个田设4个诱虫诱捕器和50个定点取样点。对自回归综合移动平均（ARIMA）和季节自回归综合移动平均（SARIMA）模型（用于时间序列分析和预测的统计方法）进行了测试，以适应幼虫和成虫的时间动态。SARIMA提供了更好的描述，具有良好的拟合和随机残差。交叉相关分析显示，成虫高峰和幼虫高峰之间存在5周的滞后。二次多项式回归表明，约270个月的累积量对应于3%的侵染阈值，代表实时估计值（R2 = 0.67）。出于预测目的，考虑到五周的滞后，大约需要380个月的累积才能达到相同的阈值，这表明今天捕获的成虫反映了五周后的虫害水平（R2 = 0.74）。这些结果加强了成虫监测作为有害生物管理决策支持工具的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Ghanaian farmers' perspectives on pesticides: Balancing use and environmental sustainability 加纳农民对农药的看法：平衡使用和环境可持续性

IF 2.5 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Crop Protection

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107458

Francis Clottey Odonkor , Stephen T. Odonkor

Pesticide use in agriculture is critical for pest management but poses significant health and environmental challenges, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This study explores Ghanaian vegetable farmers' perspectives on pesticide use, health implications, and environmental sustainability. Using survey data from 1484 farmers, the research examined demographic profiles, farming practices, pesticide management behaviours, and associated attitudes. The findings reveal that most respondents are rural-dwelling, middle-aged males with primary or junior high school education. Carrots and cabbage are the most cultivated crops, with most farmers having over a decade of experience.

Although 75.9 % of farmers reported using suitable pesticides, 70 % acknowledged the negative health effects of pesticide use, citing harm and toxicity as primary concerns. Improper disposal practices, such as burning containers (56.9 %) and pouring rinse water onto farms (69.1 %), were prevalent, raising environmental sustainability concerns. A significant association between owning personal protective equipment (PPE) and its usage (p = 0.000) highlights the importance of access to safety measures in mitigating health risks. However, limited awareness of health implications (50.5 %) and reliance on pesticides as a default pest control strategy underscore the need for targeted education.

The study emphasizes the urgency of promoting sustainable practices through integrated pest management (IPM), policy reforms, and community-based education. By addressing knowledge gaps and encouraging safer pesticide use, this research contributes to improving health outcomes and environmental sustainability in Ghana's agricultural sector. These findings provide a foundation for future interventions aimed at balancing productivity and ecological stewardship in smallholder farming communities.

农业中农药的使用对有害生物管理至关重要，但也构成重大的健康和环境挑战，特别是在低收入和中等收入国家。本研究探讨加纳菜农对农药使用、健康影响和环境可持续性的看法。该研究利用来自1484名农民的调查数据，检查了人口统计资料、农业实践、农药管理行为以及相关态度。调查结果显示，大多数受访者是农村居民，小学或初中学历的中年男性。胡萝卜和卷心菜是种植最多的作物，大多数农民都有十多年的经验。

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引用次数: 0

Antioxidant gene silencing magnifies UV-B-induced physiological decline in Myzus persicae: Implications for next-gen pest management 抗氧化基因沉默放大了uv - b诱导的桃蚜生理衰退：对新一代害虫管理的影响

IF 2.5 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Crop Protection

Pub Date : 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107479

Rehan Inayat, Aroosa Khurshid, Chang-Yu Zhang

Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation is an emerging environmental factor influencing insect physiology and ecology in agricultural ecosystems. Antioxidant enzymes play critical roles in mitigating oxidative stress induced by UV-B exposure; however, their functional importance in Myzus persicae remains largely unexplored. This study examined the effects of low 0.2 μW/cm² and high 10 μW/cm² UV-B intensities, combined with RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated silencing of key antioxidant genes catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione S-transferase (GST), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) on the physiological performance of M. persicae. UV-B exposure significantly altered antioxidant enzyme activity, gene expression, and life-history traits, leading to impaired growth and reproductive performance. Gene-specific RNAi effectively suppressed antioxidant defenses, intensifying the detrimental effects of UV-B and further reducing aphid survival and fecundity. These findings highlight the essential roles of antioxidant systems in UV-B tolerance and suggest that combining UV-B exposure with RNAi targeting antioxidant pathways could offer an innovative, environmentally compatible strategy for aphid management under changing climatic conditions.

紫外- b辐射是影响农业生态系统昆虫生理生态的新兴环境因子。抗氧化酶在减轻UV-B暴露引起的氧化应激中起关键作用；然而，它们在桃蚜中的功能重要性在很大程度上仍未被探索。本研究研究了低0.2 μW/cm2和高10 μW/cm2的UV-B强度，结合RNA干扰（RNAi）介导的过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPX）、谷胱甘肽s -转移酶（GST）、过氧化物酶（POD）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）等关键抗氧化基因的沉默对桃蚜生理性能的影响。UV-B暴露会显著改变抗氧化酶活性、基因表达和生活史性状，导致生长和繁殖性能受损。基因特异性RNAi有效抑制抗氧化防御，增强UV-B的有害作用，进一步降低蚜虫的存活率和繁殖力。这些发现强调了抗氧化系统在UV-B耐受性中的重要作用，并表明将UV-B暴露与RNAi靶向抗氧化途径相结合可能为在不断变化的气候条件下管理蚜虫提供一种创新的、环境相容的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Screening of Brazilian cowpea cultivars for resistance to Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica 巴西豇豆品种对黑线蛾和爪哇稻蠹的抗性筛选

IF 2.5 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Crop Protection

Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107480

Gerson Luís dos Santos Rodrigues Júnior , Micheline do Amaral Dias , Gabriele Stefanello Manfio , Kaesel Jackson Damasceno e Silva , Juvenil Enrique Cares , Robert Neil Gerard Miller , Jansen Rodrigo Pereira Santos

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are among the primary agents of reduced crop yield and food quality worldwide. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) is particularly affected, exhibiting severe root damage and substantial yield losses in infested fields. This study aimed to evaluate the resistance of Brazilian cowpea genotypes to the Meloidogyne species M. javanica and M. incognita. In greenhouse bioassays, seedlings of 22 cowpea cultivars were inoculated with 12,000 eggs of M. incognita, while 20 cowpea cultivars were inoculated with 10,000 eggs of M. javanica. Sixty days after inoculation, gall index, fresh root weight, nematode number per gram of root, final population, and reproduction factor were assessed. For M. incognita, the cultivars BRS Imponente and BRS Milênio exhibited a highly resistant response, while BRS Aracê, BRS Inhuma, BRS Itaim, BRS Marataoã, BRS Novaera, BRS Pajeú, BRS Paraguaçu, BRS Pingo de Ouro, BRS Potengi and BR 17 Gurguéia were classified as resistant. Cultivars BRS Rouxinol and BRS Juruá also showed resistance to gall formation induced by M. incognita. In the case of M. javanica, only BRS Milênio demonstrated moderate resistance. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for crop improvement programs aimed at developing cowpea cultivars with enhanced resistance to M. incognita and M. javanica.

根结线虫（Meloidogyne spp.）是全球农作物减产和食品质量下降的主要原因之一。豇豆（Vigna unguiculata）受影响特别严重，在受侵染的田地中表现出严重的根系损害和大量的产量损失。本研究旨在评价巴西豇豆基因型对爪哇稻瘟螨（m.javanica）和不知名稻瘟螨（m.incognita）的抗性。在温室生物试验中，对22个豇豆品种的幼苗接种了1.2万颗无头豇豆虫卵，对20个豇豆品种接种了1万颗爪牙豇豆虫卵。接种后60 d，测定虫瘿指数、鲜根重、每克根线虫数、最终种群数和繁殖系数。品种BRS Imponente和BRS Milênio表现出高抗性反应，而BRS Aracê、BRS Inhuma、BRS Itaim、BRS Marataoã、BRS Novaera、BRS Pajeú、BRS paraguau、BRS Pingo de Ouro、BRS Potengi和br17 gurgu为抗性。品种BRS Rouxinol和BRS juruu也表现出对黑穗病菌诱导的胆形成的抗性。在javanica的情况下，只有BRS Milênio表现出中度抗性。本研究结果为培育对黑僵菌和爪哇菌具有较强抗性的豇豆品种提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Cassava Mosaic Disease persistence: evidence from farmer adoption patterns of management practices in Benin 木薯花叶病的持久性：来自贝宁农民采用管理做法模式的证据

IF 2.5 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Crop Protection

Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107476

Dèwanou Kant David Ahoya , Ettien Antoine Adjéi , Serge Sètondji Houedjissin , Jérôme Anani Houngue , Martine Zandjanakou-Tachin , Jacob Afouda Yabi , Eveline Marie Fulbert Windinmi Sawadogo-Compaore , Modeste Kan Kouassi , Fidèle Tiendrébéogo , Ousmane Ndoye , Justin Simon Pita , Corneille Ahanhanzo

Cassava Mosaic Disease (CMD) remains a major constraint to cassava production in Sub-Saharan Africa despite extensive promotion of management practices. This study investigates the adoption and intensity of adoption of CMD management practices among 305 cassava farmers in southern Benin, using descriptive statistics and a Tobit regression model. Results show low overall adoption: only 9.84 % of farmers fully implemented all three recommended practices—use of certified disease-free cuttings, removal of infected plants, and adherence to optimal planting density. Key factors positively influencing adoption include participation in CMD-related training, disease knowledge, intercropping practices, larger farm size, and farmer age, while larger household size negatively affects adoption intensity. These findings highlight the need for integrated interventions combining farmer training, improved access to certified planting materials, intercropping promotion, and decentralized advisory services. Strengthening farmers' decision-making capacity and addressing economic constraints are critical for the sustainable management of CMD and the improvement of cassava productivity in Benin.

木薯花叶病（CMD）仍然是撒哈拉以南非洲木薯生产的主要制约因素，尽管广泛推广了管理做法。本研究采用描述性统计和Tobit回归模型，调查了贝宁南部305名木薯农民采用CMD管理实践的情况及其强度。结果显示，采用率较低：只有9.84%的农民完全实施了所有推荐的三种做法——使用经认证的无病扦插，拔除受感染的植株，并坚持最佳种植密度。积极影响采用的关键因素包括参加与疾病防治有关的培训、疾病知识、间作做法、农场规模较大和农民年龄，而家庭规模较大则对采用强度产生负面影响。这些发现突出表明，需要采取综合干预措施，将农民培训、改善获得认证种植材料的机会、推广间作和分散咨询服务结合起来。在贝宁，加强农民的决策能力和解决经济制约因素对木薯CMD的可持续管理和木薯生产力的提高至关重要。

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引用次数: 0