Current opinion in plant biology最新文献

英文中文

The functions of long noncoding RNAs in plants 长链非编码rna在植物中的功能。

IF 7.5 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Current opinion in plant biology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102830

Jeky Chanwala, Isabell Rosenkranz, Peter Kindgren

Noncoding RNAs are emerging as major regulators in plant development and environmental response. MicroRNAs, small RNAs, and ribosomal RNAs have established mechanisms for generation, maturation, and function. However, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) currently lack a robust classification according to their function. lncRNAs are here defined as noncoding RNAs that are longer than 200 nucleotides and generally transcribed by RNA polymerase II. They often exhibit low expression and limited sequence conservation yet display tissue or stress-specific regulation. Furthermore, lncRNAs are categorized based on their location relative to nearby genes, including sense (overlapping a gene on the same strand), antisense (overlapping on the opposite strand), intronic (located within intron), intergenic (found between genes), and bidirectional (transcribed in the opposite direction from a nearby gene). Here, we summarized the last years of work in the field of lncRNA, but instead of grouping them into the biological processes they are involved in, we attempt to group them into general functions in plants. This will not be an exhaustive grouping of known functions for lncRNA, rather a list of established functions with several characterized cases.

非编码rna正在成为植物发育和环境反应的主要调控因子。MicroRNAs、小rna和核糖体rna已经建立了产生、成熟和功能的机制。然而，长链非编码rna （lncrna）目前缺乏一个根据其功能的可靠分类。lncrna在这里被定义为长度超过200个核苷酸的非编码RNA，通常由RNA聚合酶II转录。它们通常表现出低表达和有限的序列保守，但显示组织或应力特异性调节。此外，lncrna根据其相对于附近基因的位置进行分类，包括正义（在同一条链上重叠一个基因）、反义（在相反的一条链上重叠）、内含子（位于内含子内）、基因间（发现于基因之间）和双向（与附近基因相反方向转录）。在这里，我们总结了近年来lncRNA领域的工作，但我们没有将它们归类到它们所参与的生物过程中，而是试图将它们归类到植物中的一般功能中。这将不是lncRNA已知功能的详尽分组，而是具有几个特征案例的已建立功能列表。

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引用次数: 0

Architects of plant immunity: Structure-informed strategies for engineering plant nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors 植物免疫的建筑师：工程植物核苷酸结合的富含亮氨酸重复序列受体的结构通知策略。

IF 7.5 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Current opinion in plant biology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102828

Daniel S. Yu, Mark J. Banfield

Diseases caused by plant pathogens are a major factor decreasing crop yields that lead to food insecurity. To protect against pathogen threats, plants possess a multifaceted immune system that perceive threats derived from plant pathogens, resulting in the activation of immune responses. Evolutionary pressures allow plant pathogens to evolve rapidly and evade recognition by nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) receptors. In recent years, advancements in our understanding of the molecular and structural basis of effector recognition by NLRs have enabled targeted strategies for engineered receptors that contain novel or expanded recognition profiles. In conjunction with advancements in structural modeling and synthetic biology tools, this has transformed our ability to manipulate plant receptors with precision. Here, we highlight structure-based approaches toward engineering plant NLRs, including integrated domain (ID) engineering and leucine-rich repeat resurfacing, discuss challenges associated with NLR engineering, and highlight future engineering approaches to enhance the plant immune system against pathogen threats.

由植物病原体引起的疾病是导致粮食不安全的作物产量下降的一个主要因素。为了保护植物免受病原体的威胁，植物拥有一个多方面的免疫系统，可以感知来自植物病原体的威胁，从而激活免疫反应。进化压力允许植物病原体快速进化并逃避核苷酸结合富亮氨酸重复（NLR）受体的识别。近年来，我们对nlr效应识别的分子和结构基础的理解取得了进展，这使得针对含有新的或扩展的识别谱的工程受体的靶向策略成为可能。结合结构建模和合成生物学工具的进步，这已经改变了我们精确操纵植物受体的能力。在这里，我们重点介绍了基于结构的植物NLR工程方法，包括集成结构域（ID）工程和富含亮氨酸的重复重表面，讨论了NLR工程相关的挑战，并强调了未来的工程方法，以增强植物免疫系统抵御病原体的威胁。

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引用次数: 0

The plant epigenome governed by nutrients and metabolism 植物表观基因组受营养和代谢的支配。

IF 7.5 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Current opinion in plant biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102820

Xuerui Nie , Jen Sheen , Ruiqiang Ye

Nutrients are essential regulators of growth and development across all life forms, serving not only as energetic resources and structural building blocks but also as dynamic signals that govern cell proliferation, metabolism, growth and development. Nutrients and metabolic processes orchestrate plant developmental programs and plasticity via the coordination with dynamic changes in the epigenomic landscape, which is fundamental for governing gene expression programs and developmental transitions in multicellular organisms. In this review, we explore the interplay between nutrition, metabolism, and epigenetic reprogramming in plants, with a particular focus on the novel mechanisms, including nuclear localized metabolic enzymes, moonlighting functions of metabolic enzymes, epigenetic regulators as metabolic sensors, and nutrient sensing and signaling pathways. Elucidating these mechanisms holds significant implications for understanding plant growth and development and improving crop yield and quality.

营养物质是所有生命形式生长发育的重要调节因子，不仅是能量资源和结构构件，而且是控制细胞增殖、代谢、生长和发育的动态信号。营养和代谢过程通过与表观基因组景观的动态变化协调，协调植物的发育程序和可塑性，这是控制多细胞生物基因表达程序和发育转变的基础。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了植物营养、代谢和表观遗传重编程之间的相互作用，特别关注了新的机制，包括核定位代谢酶、代谢酶的兼职功能、作为代谢传感器的表观遗传调节因子以及营养传感和信号通路。阐明这些机制对理解植物生长发育、提高作物产量和品质具有重要意义。

引用次数: 0

Monoubiquitination of histone H2A and H2B: News and views 组蛋白H2A和H2B的单泛素化：新闻和观点。

IF 7.5 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Current opinion in plant biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102824

Sara Farrona , Fredy Barneche

Fine-tuning eukaryotic gene expression heavily relies on chromatin regulatory mechanisms involving dynamic exchanges and modifications of histones. Here, we review the main pathways that mediate histone H2A and H2B monoubiquitination and deubiquitination in Arabidopsis thaliana. These histone post-translational modifications are linked to multiple chromatin regulatory layers, enabling distinct functional outcomes across the genome and in response to developmental and environmental signals. Indeed, while H2A deubiquitination primarily attenuates transcription either independently or together with PRC2-mediated H3K27 trimethylation, H2B monoubiquitination facilitates nucleosome dynamics and RNA polymerase II progression during gene activation. Given the widespread role of histone deubiquitination mechanisms in plant development, we also discuss how H2Aub and H2Bub homeostasis influences genome regulation. Finally, by referencing yeast and metazoans, we highlight examples of distinctive plant molecular mechanisms and epigenetic interplays involving histone ubiquitination.

真核生物基因表达的微调很大程度上依赖于染色质调控机制，包括组蛋白的动态交换和修饰。本文综述了拟南芥中介导组蛋白H2A和H2B单泛素化和去泛素化的主要途径。这些组蛋白翻译后修饰与多个染色质调控层相关，从而在整个基因组中实现不同的功能结果，并响应发育和环境信号。事实上，虽然H2A去泛素化主要是单独或与prc2介导的H3K27三甲基化一起减弱转录，但H2B单泛素化促进了基因激活过程中核小体动力学和RNA聚合酶II的进展。鉴于组蛋白去泛素化机制在植物发育中的广泛作用，我们还讨论了H2Aub和H2Bub稳态如何影响基因组调控。最后，通过引用酵母和后生动物，我们强调了独特的植物分子机制和涉及组蛋白泛素化的表观遗传相互作用的例子。

引用次数: 0

Update on translational control modes in plant cell signaling 植物细胞信号转译控制模式研究进展。

IF 7.5 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Current opinion in plant biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102799

Mauricio A. Reynoso

Protein synthesis can contribute to plant cell signaling at multiple regulatory levels. Recent studies have expanded the conditions that are directly impacted by translational regulation. This control can balance responses to developmental, environmental, and diverse stress stimuli. Processes with evidence of translational regulation include: immunity to bacterial pathogens, symbiotic interactions, abiotic responses, hormonal perception, light-dependent metabolism, and developmental programs for lateral root initiation, root hair growth, and sepal initiation. Translational control modes rely on the sequence and secondary structure of mRNAs due to the presence of upstream open reading frames (uORFs) and/or internal ribosome entry sites (IRES), protein-binding regions or structures, and the decoding of the epitranscriptomic mRNA modifications such as N⁶-methyladenosine, N⁴-acetylcytidine or pseudouridine. In addition, the post-translational modification of ribosomal proteins and eukaryotic initiation factors such as eIF4G, eIFiso4G, eIF2, as well as changes in ribosome protein composition contribute to translational control. These factors, mRNAs, regulatory proteins and other RNAs can be confined by the formation of biomolecular condensates such as stress granules, processing bodies and others, resulting in paths that modulate translation both globally and specifically. The covered topics place translation as a hub for cell responses during development and within the environmental context. Current understanding of translation has allowed the development of applications in crops, reinforcing the relevance of the study of translational control in plants.

蛋白质合成可以在多个调控水平上参与植物细胞信号传导。最近的研究扩大了直接受翻译调控影响的条件。这种控制可以平衡对发育、环境和各种应激刺激的反应。具有翻译调节证据的过程包括：对细菌病原体的免疫、共生相互作用、非生物反应、激素感知、光依赖性代谢以及侧根形成、根毛生长和萼片形成的发育程序。翻译控制模式依赖于mRNA的序列和二级结构，这是由于上游开放阅读框（uorf）和/或内部核糖体进入位点（IRES）、蛋白质结合区或结构的存在，以及转录组mRNA修饰如n6 -甲基腺苷、n4 -乙酰胞苷或假尿嘧啶的解码。此外，核糖体蛋白和eIF4G、eIFiso4G、eIF2等真核起始因子的翻译后修饰以及核糖体蛋白组成的变化也有助于翻译控制。这些因子、mrna、调节蛋白和其他rna可以被生物分子凝聚物（如应力颗粒、加工体等）的形成所限制，从而形成全局和特异性调节翻译的途径。所涵盖的主题将翻译作为细胞在发育过程中和环境背景下反应的中心。目前对翻译的理解已经允许在作物中应用的发展，加强了植物中翻译控制研究的相关性。

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引用次数: 0

The cellular epigenetic blueprint of plant regeneration 植物再生的细胞表观遗传蓝图

IF 7.5 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Current opinion in plant biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102784

Yiting He , Lin Xu , Qikun Liu

Plants exhibit remarkable regenerative capacities, enabling tissue repair, de novo organogenesis, and somatic embryogenesis in response to mechanical injury or phytohormone induction. At the cellular level, this process is driven by the establishment of pluripotency and cell fate specification, regulated through dynamic epigenomic remodeling. Emerging studies have begun to unravel the intricate regulatory circuits governing regeneration in a cell-type- and lineage-specific manner. In this short review, we synthesize key findings from interconnected studies, exploring potential common mechanisms underlying the epigenetic regulation of plant regeneration. We also highlight promising research directions, emerging tools, and innovative strategies to investigate plant regeneration epigenetics at single-cell and single-cell-type resolution. These technological advances will provide critical insights into plant cell fate determination, the fundamental process governing regeneration.

植物表现出显著的再生能力，能够在机械损伤或植物激素诱导下进行组织修复、新生器官发生和体细胞胚胎发生。在细胞水平上，这一过程是由多能性和细胞命运规范的建立驱动的，通过动态表观基因组重塑来调节。新兴的研究已经开始揭示以细胞类型和谱系特异性方式控制再生的复杂调控电路。在这篇简短的综述中，我们综合了相关研究的关键发现，探索了植物再生表观遗传调控的潜在共同机制。我们还重点介绍了在单细胞和单细胞类型分辨率下研究植物再生表观遗传学的前景研究方向、新兴工具和创新策略。这些技术进步将为植物细胞命运的决定提供重要的见解，这是控制再生的基本过程。

引用次数: 0

Fine-scale 3D chromatin architectures and their regulatory mechanisms in plants 植物精细三维染色质结构及其调控机制

IF 7.5 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Current opinion in plant biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102786

Suxin Xiao, Lingxiao Luo, Minqi Yang, Hang He, Yue Zhou

Recent studies have demonstrated that fine-scale chromatin architectures, including topologically associating domains (TADs) and chromatin loops, play critical roles in plant growth and development. Advanced technologies with increased resolution and reduced sequencing costs have provided more detailed interaction information, enabling the identification of additional chromatin loops and their associated biological processes. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the technologies that have been successfully applied in plants, followed by a detailed description of KNOT, fountain, TAD and chromatin loop. At the same time, some regulators associated with three-dimensional (3D) chromatin architectures are also discussed to understand the regulation of 3D chromatin architecture in plants. Furthermore, this review offers directions of 3D chromatin architecture in plants in terms of both technological developments and scientific mechanisms.

最近的研究表明，精细尺度的染色质结构，包括拓扑相关结构域（TADs）和染色质环，在植物的生长发育中起着至关重要的作用。具有更高分辨率和更低测序成本的先进技术提供了更详细的相互作用信息，使鉴定额外的染色质环及其相关的生物学过程成为可能。本文综述了目前已成功应用于植物的相关技术，并对KNOT、fountain、TAD和chromatin loop进行了详细的介绍。同时，还讨论了一些与三维染色质结构相关的调控因子，以了解植物三维染色质结构的调控。此外，本文还对植物三维染色质结构的技术发展和科学机制等方面进行了综述。

引用次数: 0

Plant histone acetyltransferase complexes: Conserved and plant-specific characteristics 植物组蛋白乙酰转移酶复合物：保守和植物特异性特征。

IF 7.5 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Current opinion in plant biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102815

Xin Xu , Xin-Jian He

Histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complexes are pivotal regulators of chromatin dynamics, orchestrating transcriptional programs essential for plant development and stress responses in plants. This review synthesizes recent advances in the classification, subunit composition, and functional mechanisms of plant HAT complexes, emphasizing plant-specific characteristics compared to the conserved architecture of HAT complexes. By integrating genetic, biochemical, and structural studies, we delineate how these complexes modulate histone acetylation and coordinate with other chromatin modifications to regulate gene expression. Further research should focus on deciphering the spatiotemporal regulation of HAT complex composition and histone acetylation, and determining the targeting mechanisms of these complexes.

组蛋白乙酰转移酶（Histone acetyltransferase， HAT）复合物是染色质动力学的关键调控因子，对植物发育和逆境反应具有重要的调控作用。本文综述了植物HAT复合物的分类、亚基组成和功能机制方面的最新进展，重点介绍了与保守结构的HAT复合物相比，植物特异性的特征。通过整合遗传、生化和结构研究，我们描述了这些复合物如何调节组蛋白乙酰化并与其他染色质修饰协调以调节基因表达。进一步的研究应致力于破解HAT复合物组成和组蛋白乙酰化的时空调控，并确定这些复合物的靶向机制。

引用次数: 0

Telomeres: The EPI-Ending 端粒：epi的终结。

IF 7.5 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Current opinion in plant biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102823

Petra Procházková Schrumpfová , Miloslava Fojtová , Martina Dvořáčková

Telomeres are essential chromosomal structures that protect genome integrity and play a central role in aging and cell proliferation. In plants, the epigenetic landscape of telomeres and their adjacent subtelomeric regions has emerged as a critical component regulating telomere function and genome organization. This review summarizes current knowledge of chromatin modifications at plant telomeres, and the impact of chromatin-associated factors on telomere stability. We also discuss experimental tools for studying telomere epigenetics, and identify key open questions in the field.

端粒是保护基因组完整性的基本染色体结构，在衰老和细胞增殖中发挥核心作用。在植物中，端粒及其邻近的亚端粒区域的表观遗传景观已成为调节端粒功能和基因组组织的关键组成部分。本文综述了目前对植物端粒染色质修饰的研究进展，以及染色质相关因子对端粒稳定性的影响。我们还讨论了研究端粒表观遗传学的实验工具，并确定了该领域的关键开放问题。

引用次数: 0

Engineering chromatin and transcriptome regulation in plants: Strategies, challenges, and outlook 植物的工程染色质和转录组调控：策略、挑战和展望

IF 7.5 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Current opinion in plant biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102810

Jason Gardiner

In plants, altering the accessibility to DNA through chromatin modification is a key component of transcriptome regulation, crucial for normal development and environmental response. In recent years, our understanding of how and why plants engineer their chromatin has greatly improved, leading to strategies that now enable us to engineer chromatin through both targeted and non-targeted approaches. Although new and improved systems for chromatin engineering are continually emerging, it is evident that developing a diverse toolbox of strategies to tackle various unique challenges is necessary. This review outlines different methods for non-targeted and targeted chromatin engineering, enabling the manipulation of the transcriptome through chromatin engineering. It also discusses particular challenges in the field of chromatin engineering in plants and offers a brief outlook on potential future directions.

在植物中，通过染色质修饰改变DNA的可及性是转录组调控的关键组成部分，对正常发育和环境反应至关重要。近年来，我们对植物如何以及为什么改造它们的染色质的理解有了很大的提高，这使得我们现在能够通过靶向和非靶向方法来改造染色质。尽管新的和改进的染色质工程系统不断出现，但很明显，开发一个多样化的策略工具箱来解决各种独特的挑战是必要的。本文概述了非靶向和靶向染色质工程的不同方法，使通过染色质工程操纵转录组成为可能。它还讨论了在植物染色质工程领域的特殊挑战，并提供了潜在的未来方向的简要展望。

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全部化学•材料生命科学医学物理工程技术环境•农林材料科学地球科学法学管理学化学环境科学与生态学计算机科学教育学经济学农林科学人文科学生物学数学物理与天体物理心理学综合性期刊其他工业工程理学历史学农学文学信息工程

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全部 ACS Publications Elsevier ieeexplore Springer The Royal Society of Chemistry Wiley

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Current opinion in plant biology

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