Pub Date : 2025-08-13DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102767
Alisdair R. Fernie, Shijuan Yan
{"title":"Metabolic innovations: The study of the less ordinary","authors":"Alisdair R. Fernie, Shijuan Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102767","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11003,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in plant biology","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 102767"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144829190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Engineering rapid stomatal responses to improve the coordination between stomatal conductance and carbon assimilation under fluctuating light conditions is crucial for enhancing crop productivity while conserving water. To identify promising engineering targets, we applied machine learning models to analyze published data from diverse plant lineages to reveal the primary factors driving the natural variation in the speed of stomatal opening. We highlight the versatile role of guard cell starch in integrating and modulating some of these factors and suggest starch as a previously overlooked target for optimizing stomatal function.
{"title":"The versatile role of guard cell starch in speedy stomata: Beyond Arabidopsis","authors":"Hongyuan Zhang, Trang Dang, Lucia Piro, Diana Santelia","doi":"10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102762","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102762","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Engineering rapid stomatal responses to improve the coordination between stomatal conductance and carbon assimilation under fluctuating light conditions is crucial for enhancing crop productivity while conserving water. To identify promising engineering targets, we applied machine learning models to analyze published data from diverse plant lineages to reveal the primary factors driving the natural variation in the speed of stomatal opening. We highlight the versatile role of guard cell starch in integrating and modulating some of these factors and suggest starch as a previously overlooked target for optimizing stomatal function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11003,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in plant biology","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 102762"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144773163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-30DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102764
Gerardo Del Toro-De León, Claudia Köhler
Genomic imprinting, the preferential expression of alleles based on their parent-of-origin, is an epigenetic mechanism that plays a key role in endosperm development and establishment of hybridization barriers. While imprinting is frequently associated with DNA methylation asymmetries and transposable elements (TEs), growing evidence suggests that this connection is not applying to all imprinted genes. This review synthesizes recent findings across different plant species, highlighting how TEs not only initiate imprinting through epigenetic reprogramming but also participate in its turnover, driving rapid evolutionary changes. We discuss the contribution of chromatin context to imprinting, and the emerging evidence of imprinting mechanisms independent of DNA methylation and TEs. We propose a dynamic and lineage-specific regulation of imprinting shaped by epigenetic context, TE activity, and developmental timing.
{"title":"Rapid origin and turnover of genomic imprinting by transposable elements","authors":"Gerardo Del Toro-De León, Claudia Köhler","doi":"10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102764","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102764","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Genomic imprinting, the preferential expression of alleles based on their parent-of-origin, is an epigenetic mechanism that plays a key role in endosperm development and establishment of hybridization barriers. While imprinting is frequently associated with DNA methylation asymmetries and transposable elements (TEs), growing evidence suggests that this connection is not applying to all imprinted genes. This review synthesizes recent findings across different plant species, highlighting how TEs not only initiate imprinting through epigenetic reprogramming but also participate in its turnover, driving rapid evolutionary changes. We discuss the contribution of chromatin context to imprinting, and the emerging evidence of imprinting mechanisms independent of DNA methylation and TEs. We propose a dynamic and lineage-specific regulation of imprinting shaped by epigenetic context, TE activity, and developmental timing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11003,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in plant biology","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 102764"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144738813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-26DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102763
Koki Nakamura, Nobutoshi Yamaguchi , Toshiro Ito
Histone modifications are essential regulators of chromatin architecture and gene expression in plants. Traditionally, each modification was viewed as an independent signal marking specific chromatin states. However, recent advances in epigenome profiling, genome editing, and proteomics have revealed that histone marks often function in combination, engaging in hierarchical, cooperative, and antagonistic relationships. In particular, studies in Arabidopsis thaliana have uncovered dynamic interactions between activating and repressive modifications, as well as their coordination with DNA methylation, histone variants, and RNA modifications. Among these, H3K4 and H3K36 methylation have emerged as key regulatory hubs that integrate developmental and environmental signals into context-dependent transcriptional responses. This growing body of evidence suggests that chromatin regulation involves not isolated modifications but rather a complex network of interdependent marks. In this review, we discuss recent examples of crosstalk between histone modifications and other regulatory layers to highlight how combinatorial chromatin regulation and its underlying molecular mechanisms contribute to transcriptional control and epigenetic responsiveness in plants. Such key insights expand our understanding of the diverse and context-dependent roles of histone modifications in plant biology.
{"title":"The histone crosstalk code in plants: Deciphering epigenetic complexity","authors":"Koki Nakamura, Nobutoshi Yamaguchi , Toshiro Ito","doi":"10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102763","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102763","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Histone modifications are essential regulators of chromatin architecture and gene expression in plants. Traditionally, each modification was viewed as an independent signal marking specific chromatin states. However, recent advances in epigenome profiling, genome editing, and proteomics have revealed that histone marks often function in combination, engaging in hierarchical, cooperative, and antagonistic relationships. In particular, studies in <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> have uncovered dynamic interactions between activating and repressive modifications, as well as their coordination with DNA methylation, histone variants, and RNA modifications. Among these, H3K4 and H3K36 methylation have emerged as key regulatory hubs that integrate developmental and environmental signals into context-dependent transcriptional responses. This growing body of evidence suggests that chromatin regulation involves not isolated modifications but rather a complex network of interdependent marks. In this review, we discuss recent examples of crosstalk between histone modifications and other regulatory layers to highlight how combinatorial chromatin regulation and its underlying molecular mechanisms contribute to transcriptional control and epigenetic responsiveness in plants. Such key insights expand our understanding of the diverse and context-dependent roles of histone modifications in plant biology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11003,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in plant biology","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 102763"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-22DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102761
James A. Birchler, Hua Yang
Changes in dosage of individual chromosomes have long been known to have detrimental effects on the phenotype. Molecular analyses have revealed that aneuploidy affects gene expression across the genome with the major effects being direct and inverse correlations with the varied dosage. The inverse effect is typically more prevalent especially in aneuploids with an increased chromosomal dosage. Small heterozygous deletions removing one of the two copies of a gene typically exhibit a gene dosage effect for the included genes, but larger aneuploids exhibit the global modulations. When the inverse effect also operates on the target genes being varied in an aneuploid, dosage compensation results with expression levels similar to the corresponding genomically balanced control. Most substantial aneuploids alter the total transcriptome size but with subsets of genes deviating from the general trend. The greatest reductions in transcriptome size are associated with the most detrimental phenotypic effects on the organism. Aneuploidy effects in the endosperm involve a maternal to zygotic balance or a cumulative effect typical of other tissues. Genomic balance analyses reveal the stoichiometric effects on gene regulation, the trajectory of duplicated genes in evolution, and the eventual consequences for the organism.
{"title":"Genomic balance effects on gene expression and the organism","authors":"James A. Birchler, Hua Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102761","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Changes in dosage of individual chromosomes have long been known to have detrimental effects on the phenotype. Molecular analyses have revealed that aneuploidy affects gene expression across the genome with the major effects being direct and inverse correlations with the varied dosage. The inverse effect is typically more prevalent especially in aneuploids with an increased chromosomal dosage. Small heterozygous deletions removing one of the two copies of a gene typically exhibit a gene dosage effect for the included genes, but larger aneuploids exhibit the global modulations. When the inverse effect also operates on the target genes being varied in an aneuploid, dosage compensation results with expression levels similar to the corresponding genomically balanced control. Most substantial aneuploids alter the total transcriptome size but with subsets of genes deviating from the general trend. The greatest reductions in transcriptome size are associated with the most detrimental phenotypic effects on the organism. Aneuploidy effects in the endosperm involve a maternal to zygotic balance or a cumulative effect typical of other tissues. Genomic balance analyses reveal the stoichiometric effects on gene regulation, the trajectory of duplicated genes in evolution, and the eventual consequences for the organism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11003,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in plant biology","volume":"87 ","pages":"Article 102761"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144680268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-16DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102757
Yan Ma , Zeynep Begüm Şen , Hing Pan Ng
Galls, especially those induced by insects, represent one of the most dramatic examples of plant developmental reprogramming, combining complex de novo organogenesis with compromised defence. Insect-induced galls are not just a fascinating natural phenomenon but a unique system for future discoveries in developmental biology, plant defence, and evolutionary ecology. Gall development is under the control of their insect manipulators and in sync with insect growth to provide tailored nutritive and protective environments. But this alone does not explain the huge diversity in their morphology which evolved within complex ecological niches. In this review, we summarise recent findings in this underexplored field and examine the defining features of insect-induced galls compared to non-gall herbivores, microbial gall inducers, and symbionts. By exploring commonalities and differences in developmental reprogramming, defence and nutrition, we highlight the uniqueness of insect-induced galls and their potential for discoveries in plant biology.
{"title":"Plant galls induced by insects: Coordinated developmental reprogramming and defence manipulation","authors":"Yan Ma , Zeynep Begüm Şen , Hing Pan Ng","doi":"10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102757","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102757","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Galls, especially those induced by insects, represent one of the most dramatic examples of plant developmental reprogramming, combining complex <em>de novo</em> organogenesis with compromised defence. Insect-induced galls are not just a fascinating natural phenomenon but a unique system for future discoveries in developmental biology, plant defence, and evolutionary ecology. Gall development is under the control of their insect manipulators and in sync with insect growth to provide tailored nutritive and protective environments. But this alone does not explain the huge diversity in their morphology which evolved within complex ecological niches. In this review, we summarise recent findings in this underexplored field and examine the defining features of insect-induced galls compared to non-gall herbivores, microbial gall inducers, and symbionts. By exploring commonalities and differences in developmental reprogramming, defence and nutrition, we highlight the uniqueness of insect-induced galls and their potential for discoveries in plant biology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11003,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in plant biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 102757"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-15DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102758
Bénédicte Charrier
Asymmetrical cell division (ACD) is considered to be the major event leading to cellular differentiation, a crucial step in the development of multicellular organisms. However, when exactly a cell or tissue is considered differentiated is unclear. Focusing on brown algae, this review highlights the different cell division events during embryogenesis and in meristematic cells that establish symmetries or asymmetries in the resulting growing tissues. These examples show that global mechanisms at the embryo or stem cell level can act after and beyond the initial cell division event, which may therefore be less important. Therefore, this review suggests that the use of the term ACD should be restricted to cases where the different cellular functions 1) are characterised at the most comprehensive level possible and 2) are a direct consequence of cell division.
{"title":"Asymmetrical cell division in brown algae: How far can we take the paradigm?","authors":"Bénédicte Charrier","doi":"10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102758","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102758","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Asymmetrical cell division (ACD) is considered to be the major event leading to cellular differentiation, a crucial step in the development of multicellular organisms. However, when exactly a cell or tissue is considered differentiated is unclear. Focusing on brown algae, this review highlights the different cell division events during embryogenesis and in meristematic cells that establish symmetries or asymmetries in the resulting growing tissues. These examples show that global mechanisms at the embryo or stem cell level can act after and beyond the initial cell division event, which may therefore be less important. Therefore, this review suggests that the use of the term ACD should be restricted to cases where the different cellular functions 1) are characterised at the most comprehensive level possible and 2) are a direct consequence of cell division.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11003,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in plant biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 102758"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144632558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cell polarity and asymmetric division are fundamental to plant development, governing growth, differentiation, and stress responses. The filamentous tissues of the moss Physcomitrium patens provide an excellent system to investigate these processes, as their exposed cells facilitate direct observation of cellular and intracellular dynamics. This review explores recent advances in understanding how P. patens maintains juvenile protonemal filaments and transitions to mature gametophores, highlighting the roles of Rho-related GTPases of plant (ROP signaling, auxin transport, and cytoskeletal dynamics in tip growth and division plane orientation. Key regulators, including transcriptional corepressors and peptide signaling components, orchestrate cell fate determination and gametophore formation. Additionally, the study of stem cell regeneration and stress-resistant brood cells provides insights into dedifferentiation and plasticity mechanisms, which involve the re-establishment and disruption of cell polarity, respectively. Our current knowledge suggests that these mechanisms collectively determine the identity and developmental trajectory of daughter cells, guiding them toward differentiation into a specific tissue or organ.
{"title":"Asymmetry in the bryophyte, Physcomitrium patens","authors":"Prerna Singh , Chiyo Jinno , Haolin Zong , Tomomichi Fujita","doi":"10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102760","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102760","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cell polarity and asymmetric division are fundamental to plant development, governing growth, differentiation, and stress responses. The filamentous tissues of the moss <em>Physcomitrium patens</em> provide an excellent system to investigate these processes, as their exposed cells facilitate direct observation of cellular and intracellular dynamics. This review explores recent advances in understanding how <em>P. patens</em> maintains juvenile protonemal filaments and transitions to mature gametophores, highlighting the roles of Rho-related GTPases of plant (ROP signaling, auxin transport, and cytoskeletal dynamics in tip growth and division plane orientation. Key regulators, including transcriptional corepressors and peptide signaling components, orchestrate cell fate determination and gametophore formation. Additionally, the study of stem cell regeneration and stress-resistant brood cells provides insights into dedifferentiation and plasticity mechanisms, which involve the re-establishment and disruption of cell polarity, respectively. Our current knowledge suggests that these mechanisms collectively determine the identity and developmental trajectory of daughter cells, guiding them toward differentiation into a specific tissue or organ.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11003,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in plant biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 102760"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-12DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102759
Benjamin P. Lapointe , Neha Sharma Kaur , Anne-Lise Routier-Kierzkowska , Agata Burian
Plant cells usually grow in a coordinated manner due to rigid cell wall connections. However, individual tissue layers may differ in their growth capacity or elastic properties, creating tissue-level mechanical stresses. While mechanical forces are recognized as a key factor controlling growth and organ posture, the origin and exact patterns of tissue stresses in different organs remain unclear. This review synthesizes current knowledge of tissue mechanics in stems, roots, and leaves, emphasizing stress pattern changes during development, their potential causes, and the tissue-specific regulation of organ growth.
{"title":"From stress to growth: Mechanical tissue interactions in developing organs","authors":"Benjamin P. Lapointe , Neha Sharma Kaur , Anne-Lise Routier-Kierzkowska , Agata Burian","doi":"10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant cells usually grow in a coordinated manner due to rigid cell wall connections. However, individual tissue layers may differ in their growth capacity or elastic properties, creating tissue-level mechanical stresses. While mechanical forces are recognized as a key factor controlling growth and organ posture, the origin and exact patterns of tissue stresses in different organs remain unclear. This review synthesizes current knowledge of tissue mechanics in stems, roots, and leaves, emphasizing stress pattern changes during development, their potential causes, and the tissue-specific regulation of organ growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11003,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in plant biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 102759"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144604741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102756
Jose Julian , Yasin Dagdas
The plant vacuole, traditionally viewed as a static storage organelle, has recently emerged as a dynamic hub orchestrating signaling, metabolic integration, and stress responses. This review synthesizes recent advances that position the vacuole as a pivotal regulator of plant development and environmental adaptation. We discuss the vacuole's multifaceted roles in ion sequestration, lipid trafficking, mechanosensing, and signal transduction, highlighting its central role in preserving cellular homeostasis. We summarize recent data supporting two distinct forms of vacuolar biogenesis: inheritance from existing organelles and de novo formation. Lastly, we discuss our recent findings that define a vacuolar quality control (VQC) pathway, safeguarding tonoplast integrity during stress. Collectively, these insights redefine our understanding of the vacuole's essential contributions to plant physiology and resilience, advocating for an updated conceptual framework that recognizes the vacuole as a central hub for developmental processes and environmental adaptation.
{"title":"Vacuolar signaling, biogenesis, and quality control in plants","authors":"Jose Julian , Yasin Dagdas","doi":"10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pbi.2025.102756","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The plant vacuole, traditionally viewed as a static storage organelle, has recently emerged as a dynamic hub orchestrating signaling, metabolic integration, and stress responses. This review synthesizes recent advances that position the vacuole as a pivotal regulator of plant development and environmental adaptation. We discuss the vacuole's multifaceted roles in ion sequestration, lipid trafficking, mechanosensing, and signal transduction, highlighting its central role in preserving cellular homeostasis. We summarize recent data supporting two distinct forms of vacuolar biogenesis: inheritance from existing organelles and <em>de novo</em> formation. Lastly, we discuss our recent findings that define a vacuolar quality control (VQC) pathway, safeguarding tonoplast integrity during stress. Collectively, these insights redefine our understanding of the vacuole's essential contributions to plant physiology and resilience, advocating for an updated conceptual framework that recognizes the vacuole as a central hub for developmental processes and environmental adaptation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11003,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in plant biology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 102756"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144517646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号