Background: Organoids are three-dimensional (3D) constructs designed to emulate the complexity and functionality of organs in the body. Organoids have recently been used as powerful instruments for modeling and investigating several diseases, including colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer is caused by altering colonic epithelial cells, which produce adenomas and carcinomas. Objective: The objective of present study was to investigate impact of organoids on colorectal cancer and their therapeutic outcome in cancer research. Organoids can be grown from stem cells in vitro, which closely resemble the structure and function of the organ they are derived from. They have been used in a variety of research applications, including disease modeling, drug screening, and personalized medicine. Organoids have allowed researchers to understand better the mechanisms underlying colorectal cancer initiation, progression, and resistance to therapy. Methods: The literature review was surveyed, and keywords related to cancer management, organoids, modelling, personized medicine, 3D structures were screened for colorectal cancer management were screened in SCI-hub, SCOPUS, WOS, and ABC Journals. Results: The findings of studies suggested that organoids derived from patient tumors can recapitulate the histopathology and genetic alterations of the original tumor, making them a valuable tool for personalized medicine. Conclusion: Organoids have been used to develop high-throughput drug screening assays and investigate the tumor microenvironment's contribution to colorectal cancer progression. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the use of organoids to study colorectal cancer and discuss their potential applications in the clinic.
{"title":"Organoids Research for Colorectal Cancer: Promising Approach for Precision Medicine, their Applications and Future Perspectives","authors":"Sonia Singh, Ashima Ahuja, Raghavan Ramankutty, sarada Ramaswamy","doi":"10.2174/0115748855266739230919110125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115748855266739230919110125","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Organoids are three-dimensional (3D) constructs designed to emulate the complexity and functionality of organs in the body. Organoids have recently been used as powerful instruments for modeling and investigating several diseases, including colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer is caused by altering colonic epithelial cells, which produce adenomas and carcinomas. Objective: The objective of present study was to investigate impact of organoids on colorectal cancer and their therapeutic outcome in cancer research. Organoids can be grown from stem cells in vitro, which closely resemble the structure and function of the organ they are derived from. They have been used in a variety of research applications, including disease modeling, drug screening, and personalized medicine. Organoids have allowed researchers to understand better the mechanisms underlying colorectal cancer initiation, progression, and resistance to therapy. Methods: The literature review was surveyed, and keywords related to cancer management, organoids, modelling, personized medicine, 3D structures were screened for colorectal cancer management were screened in SCI-hub, SCOPUS, WOS, and ABC Journals. Results: The findings of studies suggested that organoids derived from patient tumors can recapitulate the histopathology and genetic alterations of the original tumor, making them a valuable tool for personalized medicine. Conclusion: Organoids have been used to develop high-throughput drug screening assays and investigate the tumor microenvironment's contribution to colorectal cancer progression. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the use of organoids to study colorectal cancer and discuss their potential applications in the clinic.","PeriodicalId":11004,"journal":{"name":"Current Drug Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135901218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.2174/157488551805230525105218
{"title":"Acknowledgement to Reviewers","authors":"","doi":"10.2174/157488551805230525105218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/157488551805230525105218","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11004,"journal":{"name":"Current Drug Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136139312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-18DOI: 10.2174/1574885519666230918091035
Mohammed zardashat khalid, Sina Mohagheghi, Roghayyeh Abbasali Pourkabir, Mahdi Bahmani, Alireza Nourian, Gholamreza Shafiee
Background: Tamoxifen is an effective drug for breast cancer treatment and its side effects are the production of reactive oxygen species and kidney damage. As antioxidants, vitamins E and D may help decrease kidney dysfunction. Objective: In the present study, the protective effects of vitamins E and D on renal toxicity caused by tamoxifen in female Wistar rats were investigated. Materials and methods: Twenty-five adult female rats weighing 180-200 were randomly divided into five groups with 5 rats. Group C, T, TE, TD, and TED were treated with olive oil, tamoxifen, tamoxifen + vitamin E, tamoxifen +vitamin D, and tamoxifen + both vitamins for four weeks. ELISA Kits measured the oxidant and antioxidant tests and TNF-α in kidney tissue. The spectrophotometric method measured urea, uric acid, and creatinine in serum and urine. Results: Tamoxifen significantly decreased the weight of rats, GPx, CAT, SOD levels and increased TNF-α, urinary creatinine level and, serum uric acid, urea levels (P<0.05). But, treatment with vitamin D and simultaneous administration of vitamins led to a significant decrease in the level of (TNF-α) compared to the tamoxifen group (p<0.01). Also, the histopathology results showed that the simultaneous administration of vitamins has significantly resolved the damage caused by the use of tamoxifen. Conclusion: The present study's findings showed that using vitamins E and D prevents kidney damage through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, using vitamins E and D probably showed stronger synergistic effects against kidney damage.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Protective Effects of Vitamins E and D on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Caused by Tamoxifen in the Renal Tissue of Female Wistar Rats","authors":"Mohammed zardashat khalid, Sina Mohagheghi, Roghayyeh Abbasali Pourkabir, Mahdi Bahmani, Alireza Nourian, Gholamreza Shafiee","doi":"10.2174/1574885519666230918091035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574885519666230918091035","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tamoxifen is an effective drug for breast cancer treatment and its side effects are the production of reactive oxygen species and kidney damage. As antioxidants, vitamins E and D may help decrease kidney dysfunction. Objective: In the present study, the protective effects of vitamins E and D on renal toxicity caused by tamoxifen in female Wistar rats were investigated. Materials and methods: Twenty-five adult female rats weighing 180-200 were randomly divided into five groups with 5 rats. Group C, T, TE, TD, and TED were treated with olive oil, tamoxifen, tamoxifen + vitamin E, tamoxifen +vitamin D, and tamoxifen + both vitamins for four weeks. ELISA Kits measured the oxidant and antioxidant tests and TNF-α in kidney tissue. The spectrophotometric method measured urea, uric acid, and creatinine in serum and urine. Results: Tamoxifen significantly decreased the weight of rats, GPx, CAT, SOD levels and increased TNF-α, urinary creatinine level and, serum uric acid, urea levels (P<0.05). But, treatment with vitamin D and simultaneous administration of vitamins led to a significant decrease in the level of (TNF-α) compared to the tamoxifen group (p<0.01). Also, the histopathology results showed that the simultaneous administration of vitamins has significantly resolved the damage caused by the use of tamoxifen. Conclusion: The present study's findings showed that using vitamins E and D prevents kidney damage through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, using vitamins E and D probably showed stronger synergistic effects against kidney damage.","PeriodicalId":11004,"journal":{"name":"Current Drug Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135207796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Alcohol has been used for centuries in many different civilizations. It is a psychoactive stimulant with addictive properties. Alcohol misuse has significant negative social, economic, and health effects. Abusing alcohol can cause harm to oneself as well as to relatives, coworkers, close companions, and total strangers. Alcohol usage contributes to more than 200 diseases, accidents, and other health problems. Drinking alcohol is associated with a higher chance of developing significant non-communicable illnesses such liver cirrhosis, a number of cancers, cardiovascular diseases, as well as behavioral and mental disorders like alcoholism. Objective: Abuse of alcohol does not occur suddenly. People becoming addicted to various alcoholic beverages is a problem that results from months and years of irresponsible drinking. The process of recovering from the issue in turn includes targeted, particular methods for raising awareness of the negative effects of alcohol usage. Conclusion: Due to the heightened risks for one's bodily and mental health along with the social issues it generates, alcohol consumption results in these costs. We discuss the three areas of the epidemiology of alcohol's impact on health and diseases, the public health approach for treating problems related to alcohol use,and advancements in alcohol science.
{"title":"A sustainable approach towards prevention and treatment of hepatic and other disorders associated with alcohol consumption","authors":"Zulfa Nooreen, Ankita Shukla, Anuja Shukla, Priyanka Verma","doi":"10.2174/1574885519666230915103206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574885519666230915103206","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Alcohol has been used for centuries in many different civilizations. It is a psychoactive stimulant with addictive properties. Alcohol misuse has significant negative social, economic, and health effects. Abusing alcohol can cause harm to oneself as well as to relatives, coworkers, close companions, and total strangers. Alcohol usage contributes to more than 200 diseases, accidents, and other health problems. Drinking alcohol is associated with a higher chance of developing significant non-communicable illnesses such liver cirrhosis, a number of cancers, cardiovascular diseases, as well as behavioral and mental disorders like alcoholism. Objective: Abuse of alcohol does not occur suddenly. People becoming addicted to various alcoholic beverages is a problem that results from months and years of irresponsible drinking. The process of recovering from the issue in turn includes targeted, particular methods for raising awareness of the negative effects of alcohol usage. Conclusion: Due to the heightened risks for one's bodily and mental health along with the social issues it generates, alcohol consumption results in these costs. We discuss the three areas of the epidemiology of alcohol's impact on health and diseases, the public health approach for treating problems related to alcohol use,and advancements in alcohol science.","PeriodicalId":11004,"journal":{"name":"Current Drug Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135485363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The link between autophagy and lysosomal function has been well-recognised in recent dec-ades; defective autophagy and lysosomal function lead to various disorders, notably Lysoso-mal Storage Disorders (LSDs). The malfunction of multiple mechanistic pathways influences the contribution of LSDs. Different ways are employed in such situations, but one novel ap-proach could resolve the problem by inducing the autophagic pathway, which aids in main-taining proper autophagy and lysosomal degradation function. Method: Autophagic Inducer functions on the activation of Transcriptional factor EB (TFEB) and its mechanism; mTOR Complex Inhibition dependently or independently may repair the mal-function of the entire mechanism. Finding a potential autophagic inducer is still a work in progress, but targeting TFEB and mTOR could redefine LSD treatment. The development of experimentally available TFEB modulators could enhance autophagic flux promote lysosomal function and increase lysosomal biogenesis and can be a promising technique for treating ill-nesses caused by ALP dysfunction, such as lysosomal storage disorder. Result: MTORC1 suppression causes TFEB to be transported to the nucleus and transcription of mul-tiple genes involved in the formation of autophagosomes and lysosomes, indicating that MTORC1 has positive effects in treating lysosomal storage diseases such as Pompe disease, Batton disease, Fabry disease, etc. thus modulating autophagy attenuates the above condi-tion. Conclusion: This review comprises autophagy and lysosome association, and their malfunction leads to various lysosomal diseases. Several natural products are also discussed, which can be possible treatment options.
{"title":"Lysosomal storage diseases: Natural products inducing autophagy","authors":"Chandani Chandrana, Tahib Habshi, Arun Soni, Sanjeev Acharya","doi":"10.2174/1574885519666230915103100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574885519666230915103100","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The link between autophagy and lysosomal function has been well-recognised in recent dec-ades; defective autophagy and lysosomal function lead to various disorders, notably Lysoso-mal Storage Disorders (LSDs). The malfunction of multiple mechanistic pathways influences the contribution of LSDs. Different ways are employed in such situations, but one novel ap-proach could resolve the problem by inducing the autophagic pathway, which aids in main-taining proper autophagy and lysosomal degradation function. Method: Autophagic Inducer functions on the activation of Transcriptional factor EB (TFEB) and its mechanism; mTOR Complex Inhibition dependently or independently may repair the mal-function of the entire mechanism. Finding a potential autophagic inducer is still a work in progress, but targeting TFEB and mTOR could redefine LSD treatment. The development of experimentally available TFEB modulators could enhance autophagic flux promote lysosomal function and increase lysosomal biogenesis and can be a promising technique for treating ill-nesses caused by ALP dysfunction, such as lysosomal storage disorder. Result: MTORC1 suppression causes TFEB to be transported to the nucleus and transcription of mul-tiple genes involved in the formation of autophagosomes and lysosomes, indicating that MTORC1 has positive effects in treating lysosomal storage diseases such as Pompe disease, Batton disease, Fabry disease, etc. thus modulating autophagy attenuates the above condi-tion. Conclusion: This review comprises autophagy and lysosome association, and their malfunction leads to various lysosomal diseases. Several natural products are also discussed, which can be possible treatment options.","PeriodicalId":11004,"journal":{"name":"Current Drug Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135485367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Depression is a prevalent global illness, impacting 280 million people worldwide, and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is ranked as the third leading cause of disease burden globally. People previously diagnosed with depression are more likely to develop Alzheimer's disease (AD). The recent approval of Auvelity by the FDA has made a remarkable breakthrough in drug development, offering a multi-dimensional approach for managing multiple diseases. Objective: The main objective of this study is to investigate the role of Auvelity, a new drug, in treating MDD and its potential to manage agitation in individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methodology: Data on Auvelity was collected from various sources, including accessdata.fda.gov, PubMed, and Scopus, and compiled for analysis. Discussion: Auvelity is the first oral medication to demonstrate the rapid onset of action, with statistically significant antidepressant efficacy observed as early as one week compared to a placebo. It contains a combination of dextromethorphan (45 mg) and bupropion (105 mg). The drug's mechanism of action involves a combination of NMDA receptor blockade and agonism of the sigma-1 receptor, resulting in the antagonization of the glutamatergic neurotransmitter pathway. Due to the similarity in the mechanism of action with AD medications like Memantine, there is a hypothesis that Auvelity could effectively reduce symptoms of AD. Conclusion: The approval of Auvelity marks a significant advancement in depression treatment with its unique NMDA antagonist mechanism, rapid onset of action, and low-risk profile.
{"title":"Auvelity: A New Era in Medicine - Unraveling the Multifaceted Benefits of Dextromethorphan/Bupropion Combination","authors":"Anchal Dhawan, Sunayna Choudhary, Sumeet Gupta, Abhishek Chander, Meenakshi Dhanawat","doi":"10.2174/1574885519666230913105725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574885519666230913105725","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Depression is a prevalent global illness, impacting 280 million people worldwide, and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is ranked as the third leading cause of disease burden globally. People previously diagnosed with depression are more likely to develop Alzheimer's disease (AD). The recent approval of Auvelity by the FDA has made a remarkable breakthrough in drug development, offering a multi-dimensional approach for managing multiple diseases. Objective: The main objective of this study is to investigate the role of Auvelity, a new drug, in treating MDD and its potential to manage agitation in individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methodology: Data on Auvelity was collected from various sources, including accessdata.fda.gov, PubMed, and Scopus, and compiled for analysis. Discussion: Auvelity is the first oral medication to demonstrate the rapid onset of action, with statistically significant antidepressant efficacy observed as early as one week compared to a placebo. It contains a combination of dextromethorphan (45 mg) and bupropion (105 mg). The drug's mechanism of action involves a combination of NMDA receptor blockade and agonism of the sigma-1 receptor, resulting in the antagonization of the glutamatergic neurotransmitter pathway. Due to the similarity in the mechanism of action with AD medications like Memantine, there is a hypothesis that Auvelity could effectively reduce symptoms of AD. Conclusion: The approval of Auvelity marks a significant advancement in depression treatment with its unique NMDA antagonist mechanism, rapid onset of action, and low-risk profile.","PeriodicalId":11004,"journal":{"name":"Current Drug Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135783972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-12DOI: 10.2174/1574885519666230912121853
Rohit Bhatia, Shubham Singh, Ananya Parashar, Arti R. Thakkar
Abstract: The study's objectives are to highlight the significance of medical devices, investigate the prospective expansion of the Indian market, look at the legislative changes made possible by MDR 2020, and deal with the ongoing issues with cost, quality, and adverse responses. The research aims to enhance the Indian medical devices sector by offering insightful observations and suggestions. This study intends to highlight the significance of medical devices, assess the prospective growth of the Indian industry, look at the regulatory changes brought about by MDR 2020, and address the ongoing issues with cost, quality, and adverse responses. The goal of the research is to help the Indian medical devices business grow by offering helpful insights and practical suggestions. The improvement of people's well-being and health depends heavily on medical technologies. The usage of medical devices is expected to rise as technology develops and illnesses spread. The Indian medical device industry is expected to grow to a market value of USD 50 billion by 2025, placing it fourth in Asia. The "Atma Nibbar Bharat" strategy, which emphasizes independence, is anticipated to support the expansion of India's medical device industry. Before the passage of the Medications and Cosmetics Act of 1940, there were no explicit regulations controlling medical devices, which resulted in their designation as medications. The Medical Device Regulation (MDR) was initially announced in 2017, nevertheless, and went into effect in January 2018. The Indian medical device sector was greatly impacted by the change of this guideline paper into MDR 2020. For testing and altering equipment that comes within the new criteria, the amended legislation offers a wider range of options. Despite these positive adjustments, problems still exist. Significant drawbacks include unregulated pricing, difficulties with quality control, and negative responses to medical equipment. This essay covers these topics in extensive detail and includes pertinent advice. It is stated which department is in control of handling these issues. To successfully address these issues, thorough examples, case studies, and solutions are given. In conclusion, this abstract emphasizes the significance of medical devices, the market's potential for growth in India, MDR 2020's legislative adjustments, as well as the ongoing difficulties related to cost, quality, and bad responses. The essay seeks to solve these problems by providing insightful analysis and suggestions.
{"title":"Current Challenges and Issues in Indian Regulations of Medical Devices","authors":"Rohit Bhatia, Shubham Singh, Ananya Parashar, Arti R. Thakkar","doi":"10.2174/1574885519666230912121853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574885519666230912121853","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The study's objectives are to highlight the significance of medical devices, investigate the prospective expansion of the Indian market, look at the legislative changes made possible by MDR 2020, and deal with the ongoing issues with cost, quality, and adverse responses. The research aims to enhance the Indian medical devices sector by offering insightful observations and suggestions. This study intends to highlight the significance of medical devices, assess the prospective growth of the Indian industry, look at the regulatory changes brought about by MDR 2020, and address the ongoing issues with cost, quality, and adverse responses. The goal of the research is to help the Indian medical devices business grow by offering helpful insights and practical suggestions. The improvement of people's well-being and health depends heavily on medical technologies. The usage of medical devices is expected to rise as technology develops and illnesses spread. The Indian medical device industry is expected to grow to a market value of USD 50 billion by 2025, placing it fourth in Asia. The \"Atma Nibbar Bharat\" strategy, which emphasizes independence, is anticipated to support the expansion of India's medical device industry. Before the passage of the Medications and Cosmetics Act of 1940, there were no explicit regulations controlling medical devices, which resulted in their designation as medications. The Medical Device Regulation (MDR) was initially announced in 2017, nevertheless, and went into effect in January 2018. The Indian medical device sector was greatly impacted by the change of this guideline paper into MDR 2020. For testing and altering equipment that comes within the new criteria, the amended legislation offers a wider range of options. Despite these positive adjustments, problems still exist. Significant drawbacks include unregulated pricing, difficulties with quality control, and negative responses to medical equipment. This essay covers these topics in extensive detail and includes pertinent advice. It is stated which department is in control of handling these issues. To successfully address these issues, thorough examples, case studies, and solutions are given. In conclusion, this abstract emphasizes the significance of medical devices, the market's potential for growth in India, MDR 2020's legislative adjustments, as well as the ongoing difficulties related to cost, quality, and bad responses. The essay seeks to solve these problems by providing insightful analysis and suggestions.","PeriodicalId":11004,"journal":{"name":"Current Drug Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135885780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-30DOI: 10.2174/1574885519666230830125139
Deepshikha Singh, Vikram Singh, S. Mandal, Karen Dsouza, B. R. P. Kumar, S. Dixit
Multi drug-resistant or extensive drug resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis poses numerous challenges for health care workers and for public health authorities. Treating multidrug resistant or extensive drug resistance tuberculosis continues to be a difficult task, as a longer regimen is associated with a higher number of adverse drug events and economic burden and has a significant negative effect on health care resources. Many trials and observational studies were conducted. Few studies are underway to develop the universal regimen and improve the outcomes related to multi or extensive drug resistance tuberculosis with a shorter regimen duration. The current review will discuss which drug inhibits what target, their synthesis, genetic aspects, repurposed drugs, novel drugs, and extensive trials for the treatment of multi or extensive drug resistance tuberculosis.
{"title":"Drug targets, current and future therapeutics for the treatment of multi drug resistant tuberculosis with their clinical applications: A critical review","authors":"Deepshikha Singh, Vikram Singh, S. Mandal, Karen Dsouza, B. R. P. Kumar, S. Dixit","doi":"10.2174/1574885519666230830125139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574885519666230830125139","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Multi drug-resistant or extensive drug resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis poses numerous challenges for health care workers and for public health authorities. Treating multidrug resistant or extensive drug resistance tuberculosis continues to be a difficult task, as a longer regimen is associated with a higher number of adverse drug events and economic burden and has a significant negative effect on health care resources. Many trials and observational studies were conducted. Few studies are underway to develop the universal regimen and improve the outcomes related to multi or extensive drug resistance tuberculosis with a shorter regimen duration. The current review will discuss which drug inhibits what target, their synthesis, genetic aspects, repurposed drugs, novel drugs, and extensive trials for the treatment of multi or extensive drug resistance tuberculosis.\u0000","PeriodicalId":11004,"journal":{"name":"Current Drug Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44355097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.2174/1574885519666230828152530
A. Thakkar, Anshul Chaudhary, Samiksha
The pharmaceutical industry grows every year keeping public health as a priority, protection, and economic development. The industry is mostly concentrated on the novel drug development process as well as new methods that can help improve the recovery rate of a condition and improve the quality of patient treatment. Pharmaceutical companies have recently experimented with producing medications using 3D printing to increase their quality and improve user health. Later, in 2015, the companies found success by producing the 3D-printed medication Spritam, which had already received US FDA approval. Over the past few years, the medical device industry has adapted to 3D printing technology and creative companies have used it to produce goods with distinctive content, appearance, and customizability. However, these distinctive capabilities of 3D printing have brought forth new legal difficulties and troubling issues with the regulatory agencies' acceptance of these devices. Customizability and distinctive construction procedures of medical devices printed via 3D printing techniques have difficulties in attaining quality assurance and regulatory criteria for manufacturing. Advancement in 3D printing technology has helped in the production of various innovative medical products along with new structures and constituents. The present review discusses distinctive regulatory problems faced by the USFDA as well as by other regulatory authorities in the case of approval of 3D printing products and measures required to develop regulations for the safety, quality, and effectiveness of 3D printing Devices.
{"title":"3d Printing – A Revolution In Modern Healthcare: Recent Achievements & Challenges","authors":"A. Thakkar, Anshul Chaudhary, Samiksha","doi":"10.2174/1574885519666230828152530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574885519666230828152530","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The pharmaceutical industry grows every year keeping public health as a priority, protection, and economic development. The industry is mostly concentrated on the novel drug development process as well as new methods that can help improve the recovery rate of a condition and improve the quality of patient treatment. Pharmaceutical companies have recently experimented with producing medications using 3D printing to increase their quality and improve user health. Later, in 2015, the companies found success by producing the 3D-printed medication Spritam, which had already received US FDA approval. Over the past few years, the medical device industry has adapted to 3D printing technology and creative companies have used it to produce goods with distinctive content, appearance, and customizability. However, these distinctive capabilities of 3D printing have brought forth new legal difficulties and troubling issues with the regulatory agencies' acceptance of these devices. Customizability and distinctive construction procedures of medical devices printed via 3D printing techniques have difficulties in attaining quality assurance and regulatory criteria for manufacturing. Advancement in 3D printing technology has helped in the production of various innovative medical products along with new structures and constituents. The present review discusses distinctive regulatory problems faced by the USFDA as well as by other regulatory authorities in the case of approval of 3D printing products and measures required to develop regulations for the safety, quality, and effectiveness of 3D printing Devices.\u0000","PeriodicalId":11004,"journal":{"name":"Current Drug Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45907256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.2174/1574885519666230825153414
Foroud Shahbazi, M. Salimi
Drug-induced thrombocytopenia can occur in hospitalized patients and complicate their antithrombotic treatment. Several medications can associate thrombocytopenia with immune and non-immune mechanisms. Thrombocytopenia can occur at any time from a few hours to months after a new medication initiation. In this study, we have described the case of a female patient with acute-on-chronic kidney injury following a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent use, who developed catheter-related thrombosis and was treated with heparin without any complication for 5 days. She was discharged after 5 days and prescribed to use apixaban 2.5 mg twice daily. However, she was readmitted after 24 hours with fatigue, petechiae, and severe thrombocytopenia (7000/mm3). The workup was negative for other reasons of thrombocytopenia. With a possible diagnosis of drug-related thrombocytopenia, apixaban was discontinued. Following the treatment with the intravenous immunoglobulin, her platelet counts increased and stabilized around 40-50,000/mm3. Anticoagulation was thus continued with adjusted doses of rivaroxaban (10-15 mg/day). 17 days after apixaban discontinuation and treatment with prednisolone, her platelet count increased to 108,000/mm3. With reference to this case, a brief review on refractory heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and the association of direct oral anticoagulants with thrombocytopenia is presented.
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