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Phenomenon of reproductive plasticity in ants 蚂蚁的生殖可塑性现象
IF 5.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2024.101197
Francisco Carmona-Aldana , Luok Wen Yong , Danny Reinberg , Claude Desplan

Ant colonies are organized in castes with distinct behaviors that together allow the colony to strive. Reproduction relies on one or a few queens that stay in the nest producing eggs, while females of the worker caste do not reproduce and instead engage in colony maintenance and brood caretaking. Yet, in spite of this clear separation of functions, workers can become reproductive under defined circumstances. Here, we review the context in which workers become reproductive, exhibiting asexual or sexual reproduction depending on the species. Remarkably, the activation of reproduction in these workers can be quite stable, with changes that include behavior and a dramatic extension of lifespan. We compare these changes between species that do or do not have a queen caste. We discuss how the mechanisms underlying reproductive plasticity include changes in hormonal functions and in epigenetic configurations. Further studies are warranted to elucidate not only how reproductive functions have been gradually restricted to the queen caste during evolution but also how reproductive plasticity remains possible in workers of some species.

蚂蚁群落以具有不同行为的种姓为单位,这些种姓共同帮助蚂蚁群落努力奋斗。繁殖依靠一只或几只留在巢中产卵的蚁后,而工蚁中的雌蚁则不进行繁殖,而是从事蚁群维护和育雏工作。然而,尽管有这种明确的功能分工,工蜂在特定情况下也能繁殖后代。在此,我们回顾了工蜂在何种情况下开始繁殖,根据物种的不同表现出无性繁殖或有性繁殖。值得注意的是,这些工蜂生殖能力的激活可能相当稳定,其变化包括行为和寿命的大幅延长。我们比较了有王后种姓和无王后种姓物种之间的这些变化。我们讨论了生殖可塑性的内在机制如何包括激素功能和表观遗传结构的变化。我们有必要开展进一步的研究,以阐明在进化过程中生殖功能是如何逐渐局限于王后种姓的,以及某些物种的工蜂是如何保持生殖可塑性的。
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引用次数: 0
Plasticity of the olfactory behaviors in Bactrocera dorsalis under various physiological states and environmental conditions 在不同生理状态和环境条件下背鳍乳蝠嗅觉行为的可塑性。
IF 5.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2024.101196
Li Xu , Hong-Bo Jiang , Jie-Ling Yu , Jin-Jun Wang

Insects rely heavily on their olfactory system for various behaviors, including foraging, mating, and oviposition. Numerous studies have demonstrated that insects can adjust their olfactory behaviors in response to different physiological states and environmental conditions. This flexibility allows them to perceive and process odorants according to different conditions. The Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, is a highly destructive and invasive pest causing significant economic losses to fruit and vegetable crops worldwide. The olfactory behavior of B. dorsalis exhibits strong plasticity, resulting in its successful invasion. To enhance our understanding of B. dorsalis’ olfactory behavior and explore potential strategies for behavior control, we have reviewed recent literature on its olfactory plasticity and potential molecular mechanisms.

昆虫的各种行为,包括觅食、交配和产卵,在很大程度上依赖于它们的嗅觉系统。大量研究表明,昆虫可以根据不同的生理状态和环境条件调整它们的嗅觉行为。这种灵活性使它们能够根据不同的条件感知和处理气味。东方果蝇(Bactrocera dorsalis)是一种破坏性极强的入侵害虫,给全世界的水果和蔬菜作物造成了巨大的经济损失。东方果蝇的嗅觉行为具有很强的可塑性,这也是其成功入侵的原因。为了加深我们对多刺蓟马嗅觉行为的了解并探索潜在的行为控制策略,我们回顾了最近有关其嗅觉可塑性和潜在分子机制的文献。
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引用次数: 0
Immune interactions between mosquitoes and microbes during midgut colonization 蚊子与微生物在中肠定植过程中的免疫相互作用。
IF 5.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2024.101195
Julia A Cai, George K Christophides

Mosquitoes encounter diverse microbes during their lifetime, including symbiotic bacteria, shaping their midgut ecosystem. The organization of the midgut supports microbiota persistence while defending against potential pathogens. The influx of nutrients during blood feeding triggers bacterial proliferation, challenging host homeostasis. Immune responses, aimed at controlling bacterial overgrowth, impact blood-borne pathogens such as malaria parasites. However, parasites deploy evasion strategies against mosquito immunity. Leveraging these mechanisms could help engineer malaria-resistant mosquitoes, offering a transformative tool for malaria elimination.

蚊子在一生中会遇到各种各样的微生物,包括共生细菌,从而塑造了它们的中肠生态系统。中肠的组织结构支持微生物群的持续存在,同时抵御潜在的病原体。血液摄取过程中营养物质的流入会引发细菌增殖,从而对宿主的平衡构成挑战。旨在控制细菌过度生长的免疫反应会对疟原虫等血源性病原体产生影响。然而,寄生虫会采取逃避策略来对抗蚊子的免疫反应。利用这些机制可以帮助设计出抗疟疾蚊子,为消灭疟疾提供一种变革性工具。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of symbiotic insect-specific viruses on mosquito vector competence for arboviruses 昆虫特异性共生病毒对蚊虫媒介能力的影响。
IF 5.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2024.101194
Isaque J S de Faria , João P P de Almeida , João T Marques

Mosquitoes are vectors for arboviruses, such as dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya. Symbiotic interactions can affect the intrinsic ability of mosquitoes to acquire and transmit arboviruses, referred to as vector competence. Insect-specific viruses (ISVs) are commonly found in symbiotic associations with mosquitoes in the wild and can affect many aspects of mosquito biology. Here, we review current knowledge on the effects of symbiotic ISV–mosquito interactions on vector competence. We discuss potential mechanisms underlying these interactions and their implications for shaping new biological control strategies. Finally, we highlight the need for field data analyzing the circulation of ISVs in mosquitoes associated with mechanistic studies in the laboratory.

蚊子是登革热、寨卡和基孔肯雅等虫媒病毒的传播媒介。共生相互作用会影响蚊子获取和传播虫媒病毒的内在能力,如病媒能力。昆虫特异性病毒(ISV)通常与野生蚊子共生,可影响蚊子生物学的许多方面。在此,我们回顾了目前有关 ISV 与蚊子共生相互作用对病媒能力影响的知识。我们讨论了这些相互作用的潜在机制及其对制定新的生物控制策略的影响。最后,我们强调需要实地数据来分析与实验室机理研究相关的 ISV 在蚊子体内的循环。
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引用次数: 0
Microbiome toxicology — bacterial activation and detoxification of insecticidal compounds 微生物组毒理学--细菌对杀虫化合物的活化和解毒。
IF 5.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2024.101192
Brittany F Peterson

Insect gut bacteria have been implicated in a myriad of physiological processes from nutrient supplementation to pathogen protection. In fact, symbiont-mediated insecticide degradation has helped explain sudden control failure in the field to a range of active ingredients. The mechanisms behind the loss of susceptibility are varied based on host, symbiont, and insecticide identity. However, while some symbionts directly break down pesticides, others modulate endogenous host detoxification pathways or involve reciprocal degradation of insecticidal and bactericidal compounds both inspiring new questions and requiring the reexamination of past conclusions. Good steward of the chemical pesticide arsenal requires consideration of these ecological interactions from development to deployment.

昆虫肠道细菌参与了从营养补充到病原体保护等无数生理过程。事实上,共生菌介导的杀虫剂降解有助于解释田间对一系列活性成分的突然控制失败。根据宿主、共生体和杀虫剂特性的不同,杀虫剂易感性丧失背后的机制也各不相同。不过,有些共生体直接分解杀虫剂,有些则调节宿主的内源性解毒途径,或涉及杀虫和杀菌化合物的相互降解,这既激发了新的问题,也要求重新审视过去的结论。要管理好化学农药武库,就必须考虑到从开发到使用过程中的这些生态相互作用。
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引用次数: 0
Cross-talk between low temperature and other environmental factors 低温与其他环境因素之间的相互影响。
IF 5.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2024.101193
Leigh Boardman

Low temperatures are rarely experienced in isolation. The impacts of low temperatures on insects can be exacerbated or alleviated by the addition of other environmental factors, including, for example, desiccation, hypoxia, or infection. One way in which environmental factors can interact is through cross-talk where different factors enact common signaling pathways. In this review, I highlight the breadth of abiotic and biotic factors that can interact with low-temperature tolerance in both natural and artificial environments; and discuss some of the candidate pathways that are possibly responsible for cross-talk between several factors. Specifically, I discuss three interesting candidates: the neurohormone octopamine, circadian clock gene vrille, and microbes. Finally, I discuss applications of cross-talk studies, and provide recommendations for researchers.

低温很少是孤立存在的。低温对昆虫的影响可能会因其他环境因素(包括干燥、缺氧或感染等)的加入而加剧或减轻。环境因素相互作用的一种方式是通过交叉作用,即不同因素产生共同的信号通路。在这篇综述中,我将重点介绍在自然和人工环境中与低温耐受性相互作用的各种非生物和生物因素,并讨论可能导致几种因素之间交叉作用的一些候选途径。具体而言,我将讨论三个有趣的候选途径:神经激素章鱼胺、昼夜节律时钟基因 vrille 和微生物。最后,我将讨论交叉对话研究的应用,并为研究人员提供建议。
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引用次数: 0
New and emerging mechanisms of insecticide resistance 新出现的杀虫剂抗药性机制。
IF 5.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2024.101184
Jian Pu , Henry Chung

The continuous use of insecticides over the last eight decades has led to the development of resistance to these insecticides. Research in the last few decades showed that the mechanisms underlying resistance are diverse but can generally be classified under several modes of resistance such as target-site resistance, metabolic resistance, and penetration resistance. In this review, we highlight new discoveries in insecticide resistance research made over the past few years, including an emerging new mode of resistance, sequestration resistance, where the overexpression of olfactory proteins binds and sequesters insecticides in resistant strains, as well as recent research on how posttranscriptional regulation can impact resistance. Future research will determine the generality of these emerging mechanisms across insect species.

过去八十年来,杀虫剂的持续使用导致了这些杀虫剂抗药性的产生。过去几十年的研究表明,产生抗药性的机制多种多样,但一般可分为几种抗药性模式,如靶点抗药性、代谢抗药性和渗透抗药性。在本综述中,我们将重点介绍过去几年在杀虫剂抗性研究方面的新发现,包括一种新出现的抗性模式--螯合抗性,即嗅觉蛋白的过度表达与抗性菌株中的杀虫剂结合并将其螯合,以及有关转录后调控如何影响抗性的最新研究。未来的研究将确定这些新出现的机制在昆虫物种中的普遍性。
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引用次数: 0
Recent advances in insect vision in a 3D world: looming stimuli and escape behaviour 三维世界中昆虫视觉的最新进展:隐约可见的刺激和逃逸行为
IF 5.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2024.101180
F Claire Rind

Detecting looming motion directly towards the insect is vital to its survival. Looming detection in two insects, flies and locusts, is described and contrasted. Pathways using looming detectors to trigger action and their topographical layout in the brain is explored in relation to facilitating behavioural selection. Similar visual stimuli, such as looming motion, are processed by nearby glomeruli in the brain. Insect-inspired looming motion detectors are combined to detect and avoid collision in different scenarios by robots, vehicles and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)s.

探测直接朝向昆虫的隐蔽运动对昆虫的生存至关重要。本文描述并对比了两种昆虫--苍蝇和蝗虫的隐蔽探测。研究还探讨了利用掠影探测器触发行动的路径及其在大脑中的地形布局,这与促进行为选择有关。类似的视觉刺激,如若隐若现的运动,是由大脑中附近的肾小球处理的。受昆虫启发的 "隐约运动 "探测器被机器人、车辆和无人驾驶飞行器结合起来,用于探测和避免不同场景中的碰撞。
{"title":"Recent advances in insect vision in a 3D world: looming stimuli and escape behaviour","authors":"F Claire Rind","doi":"10.1016/j.cois.2024.101180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cois.2024.101180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Detecting looming motion directly towards the insect is vital to its survival. Looming detection in two insects, flies and locusts, is described and contrasted. Pathways using looming detectors to trigger action and their topographical layout in the brain is explored in relation to facilitating behavioural selection. Similar visual stimuli, such as looming motion, are processed by nearby glomeruli in the brain. Insect-inspired looming motion detectors are combined to detect and avoid collision in different scenarios by robots, vehicles and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)s.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11038,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in insect science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214574524000221/pdfft?md5=2e8861ff0ac60524835098292ac67567&pid=1-s2.0-S2214574524000221-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140016619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Body part-specific development in termite caste differentiation: crosstalk between hormonal actions and developmental toolkit genes 白蚁种姓分化过程中身体部位的特异性发育:激素作用与发育工具包基因之间的串扰。
IF 5.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2024.101183
Kohei Oguchi, Toru Miura

In social insects, interactions among colony members trigger caste differentiation with morphological modifications. During caste differentiation in termites, body parts and caste-specific morphologies are modified during postembryonic development under endocrine controls such as juvenile hormone (JH) and ecdysone. In addition to endocrine factors, developmental toolkit genes such as Hox- and appendage-patterning genes also contribute to the caste-specific body part modifications. These toolkits are thought to provide spatial information for specific morphogenesis. During social evolution, the complex crosstalks between physiological and developmental mechanisms should be established, leading to the sophisticated caste systems. This article reviews recent studies on these mechanisms underlying the termite caste differentiation and addresses implications for the evolution of caste systems in termites.

在社会性昆虫中,群体成员之间的相互作用会引发种姓分化和形态改变。在白蚁的种姓分化过程中,身体部位和种姓特异性形态在胚后发育过程中受内分泌(如幼虫激素和蜕皮激素)的控制而发生改变。除内分泌因素外,Hox 基因和附肢形态基因等发育工具包基因也有助于白蚁种姓特异性身体部位的改变。这些工具箱被认为为特定的形态发生提供了空间信息。在社会进化过程中,生理和发育机制之间应建立起复杂的联系,从而形成复杂的种姓系统。本文回顾了白蚁种姓分化机制的最新研究,并探讨了白蚁种姓系统进化的意义。
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引用次数: 0
Developing attractants and repellents for ticks: promises and challenges 开发蜱虫引诱剂和驱虫剂:承诺与挑战。
IF 5.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2024.101181
Daniel G Lingeman, Kenneth L O’Dell Jr., Zainulabeuddin Syed

Historically, some of the most effective tools to counter vector-borne diseases have been those directed against the vectors. Ticks are undergoing a population explosion as evidenced by the recent expansion of their distribution range. Tick control has traditionally relied heavily on pesticides. However, sustained use of acaricides is resulting in resistant tick populations. Multipronged management strategies that build and expand upon innovative control methods are sorely needed. Behavior-modifying chemicals, referred to as semiochemicals, such as pheromones and repellents, offer a first line of personal protection against ticks. We review the current understanding of tick semiochemicals, and how such understanding is leading to the identification of novel chemistries that are effective and safe.

从历史上看,对付病媒传播疾病的一些最有效的工具就是针对病媒的工具。最近,蜱虫的分布范围不断扩大,这证明蜱虫的数量正在激增。蜱虫控制历来主要依赖杀虫剂。然而,杀螨剂的持续使用正在导致蜱虫种群产生抗药性。我们亟需采取多管齐下的管理策略,在创新控制方法的基础上加以扩展。信息素和驱避剂等改变行为的化学物质被称为半化学物质,是个人防护蜱虫的第一道防线。我们回顾了目前对蜱虫半化学物质的认识,以及这种认识如何促使人们找到有效、安全的新型化学物质。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Current opinion in insect science
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