Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-71-88
V.V. Napolskikh
The author examines the problems of the ancient ethnic history of Western Siberia, focusing on the history of internal and external relations of Samoyed languages considered in the dissertation “Reconstruction of the linguistic landscape of Western Siberia (based on the materials of Samoyed languages)” recently defended by A. Y. Urmanchieva. The study of the languages and prehistory of Western Siberia requires a new generalization of the materials accumulated over the last 20–30 years and therefore the dissertation looks timely. The linguistic argumentation and conclusions of the dissertation are very thorough, as a rule acceptable, and can provide a basis for such a generalization. However, numerous etymologies proposed in the dissertation should be critically assessed, with corrections, new interpretations, and approaches to be offered. In particular, more attention should be paid to the external relations of Samoyed languages with Ugrian and Yenisei languages. The prehistorical interpretation of linguistic data in the dissertation seems questionable, raising concerns about the actual meaning of the Stammbaum scheme, the need to take into account divergent, convergent, and contact language processes, the role of groups without living daughter languages in prehistory, the importance of geographical and typological coverage, and the inclusion of data from early written sources, archaeology, and other disciplines for better understanding ancient ethno-linguistic processes.
作者研究了西西伯利亚古代民族史问题，重点是阿-亚-乌尔曼奇耶娃（A. Y. Urmanchieva）最近通过答辩的论文《西西伯利亚语言景观的重建（基于萨摩耶语材料）》中考虑的萨摩耶语内外关系史。对西西伯利亚语言和史前史的研究需要对过去二三十年积累的材料进行新的归纳，因此该论文显得非常及时。论文的语言学论证和结论非常透彻，通常是可以接受的，可以为这种归纳提供基础。不过，论文中提出的许多词源都应进行批判性评估，并提出更正、新的解释和方法。特别是，应更多地关注萨摩耶语与乌戈尔语和叶尼塞语的外部关系。论文中对语言数据的史前阐释似乎值得商榷，这引起了人们对 Stammbaum 方案的实际意义、考虑分化、趋同和接触语言过程的必要性、没有活的子代语言的群体在史前中的作用、地理和类型学覆盖范围的重要性，以及纳入早期文字资料、考古学和其他学科的数据以更好地理解古代民族语言过程等问题的关注。
{"title":"The Samoyed languages and the prehistory of Western Siberia (notes on the dissertation of A. Y. Urmanchieva)","authors":"V.V. Napolskikh","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-71-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-71-88","url":null,"abstract":"The author examines the problems of the ancient ethnic history of Western Siberia, focusing on the history of internal and external relations of Samoyed languages considered in the dissertation “Reconstruction of the linguistic landscape of Western Siberia (based on the materials of Samoyed languages)” recently defended by A. Y. Urmanchieva. The study of the languages and prehistory of Western Siberia requires a new generalization of the materials accumulated over the last 20–30 years and therefore the dissertation looks timely. The linguistic argumentation and conclusions of the dissertation are very thorough, as a rule acceptable, and can provide a basis for such a generalization. However, numerous etymologies proposed in the dissertation should be critically assessed, with corrections, new interpretations, and approaches to be offered. In particular, more attention should be paid to the external relations of Samoyed languages with Ugrian and Yenisei languages. The prehistorical interpretation of linguistic data in the dissertation seems questionable, raising concerns about the actual meaning of the Stammbaum scheme, the need to take into account divergent, convergent, and contact language processes, the role of groups without living daughter languages in prehistory, the importance of geographical and typological coverage, and the inclusion of data from early written sources, archaeology, and other disciplines for better understanding ancient ethno-linguistic processes.","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"94 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139194652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-41-56
A.O. Sagaydachnay
The present paper describes Udihe verb predicates with the meaning of existence and location. Additionally, a number of verbs of motion and relocation are discussed. A classification of Udihe predicates is presented, taking into account the peculiarities of the syntactic government. Dynamic predicates can govern nouns in Accusative, Locative, Lative, Dative, as well as Ablative and Prolative cases. They may also govern denominal adverbs or postpositional phrases and even nouns in Instrumental case. Static predicates syntactically govern postpositional phrases or nouns in Locative, Lative, Dative, Accusative Spatial cases, as well as adverbs. Verbs of existence can govern nouns in Locative case or Comitative form. Verbs of storage or loss are used with the noun in Locative case. Verbs denoting the change of seasons coordinate with the noun in Nominative case or form a single-part sentence. Verbs of motion, embedding the seme of movement in the lexical meaning, can be used without a localizer in the Udihe language. This is due to the idea of the initial or final point of movement being obvious and embedded in the verb stem. The noun denoting the object of movement in constructions with such predicates is marked by the Accusative case. Some Udihe verbs can express a specific situation, denoting the degree of penetration of the object being moved into water or land.
{"title":"Static and dynamic spatial constructions in the Udihe language","authors":"A.O. Sagaydachnay","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-41-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-41-56","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper describes Udihe verb predicates with the meaning of existence and location. Additionally, a number of verbs of motion and relocation are discussed. A classification of Udihe predicates is presented, taking into account the peculiarities of the syntactic government. Dynamic predicates can govern nouns in Accusative, Locative, Lative, Dative, as well as Ablative and Prolative cases. They may also govern denominal adverbs or postpositional phrases and even nouns in Instrumental case. Static predicates syntactically govern postpositional phrases or nouns in Locative, Lative, Dative, Accusative Spatial cases, as well as adverbs. Verbs of existence can govern nouns in Locative case or Comitative form. Verbs of storage or loss are used with the noun in Locative case. Verbs denoting the change of seasons coordinate with the noun in Nominative case or form a single-part sentence. Verbs of motion, embedding the seme of movement in the lexical meaning, can be used without a localizer in the Udihe language. This is due to the idea of the initial or final point of movement being obvious and embedded in the verb stem. The noun denoting the object of movement in constructions with such predicates is marked by the Accusative case. Some Udihe verbs can express a specific situation, denoting the degree of penetration of the object being moved into water or land.","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"8 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139194786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-126-137
B. Borlykova
This article focuses on the early shastra songs of the Mongol-speaking peoples, offering insights into the wrathful deities referred to as “dokshita” in the Buddhist pantheon. Shastras are songs with spiritual content dedicated to the praise of the Teachings of Buddha, deities, clergy, Buddhist monasteries, pilgrimages, and similar themes. This study does not address the question of the origin of the wrathful deities. The author adheres to the assumption that Mongolian peoples borrowed them from Tibetan Buddhism. Archival and published materials serve as the source base for the study. A comprehensive characterization of the “dokshita” found in the early records of the shastra songs of the Mongol-speaking peoples is conducted using a descriptive method. Consideration is given to the etymology of the phrase “shastir duu.” A review of the sources with early texts of shastra songs of Mongolian-speaking peoples is presented. The history of the spread of Buddhism among Mongols, Buryats, and Oirats (Kalmyks) is examined. Six wrathful deities of the “dokshita,” namely Mahakala, Yamantaka, Hayagriva, Damdin Dorlik, Vajrapani, and Okon Tengri, are identified and described. For that purpose, folklore, lexicographical, and ethnographic materials, as well as Buddhist sutras and ritual texts, are examined. The analysis of song texts complements and expands the knowledge about “dokshita,” including their functions, appearance, location, attributes, mounts, and others. The present article makes a valuable contribution to the existing research on the characters of the Buddhist pantheon, both in Russia and abroad.
{"title":"Wrathful deities “dokshita” in the early shastra songs of the Mongol-speaking peoples","authors":"B. Borlykova","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-126-137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-126-137","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on the early shastra songs of the Mongol-speaking peoples, offering insights into the wrathful deities referred to as “dokshita” in the Buddhist pantheon. Shastras are songs with spiritual content dedicated to the praise of the Teachings of Buddha, deities, clergy, Buddhist monasteries, pilgrimages, and similar themes. This study does not address the question of the origin of the wrathful deities. The author adheres to the assumption that Mongolian peoples borrowed them from Tibetan Buddhism. Archival and published materials serve as the source base for the study. A comprehensive characterization of the “dokshita” found in the early records of the shastra songs of the Mongol-speaking peoples is conducted using a descriptive method. Consideration is given to the etymology of the phrase “shastir duu.” A review of the sources with early texts of shastra songs of Mongolian-speaking peoples is presented. The history of the spread of Buddhism among Mongols, Buryats, and Oirats (Kalmyks) is examined. Six wrathful deities of the “dokshita,” namely Mahakala, Yamantaka, Hayagriva, Damdin Dorlik, Vajrapani, and Okon Tengri, are identified and described. For that purpose, folklore, lexicographical, and ethnographic materials, as well as Buddhist sutras and ritual texts, are examined. The analysis of song texts complements and expands the knowledge about “dokshita,” including their functions, appearance, location, attributes, mounts, and others. The present article makes a valuable contribution to the existing research on the characters of the Buddhist pantheon, both in Russia and abroad.","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"276 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139195619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-148-162
T. V. Dayneko
{"title":"“A folklorist never stops learning”: Interview with Natalya Vladimirovna Leonova (on her 70th anniversary)","authors":"T. V. Dayneko","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-148-162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-148-162","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"86 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139194726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-107-115
B.-Kh. B. Tsybikova
This article examines the plot-compositional structure of uligers, epics of Hori Buryats. The composition of Hori Buryat uligers is centered on a primary epic core that forms the basis of the plot for each text. The events in these texts are organized into semantic blocks, each comprising motifs or sets of motifs. The content-structural features of the epics are characterized by analyzing the sources from the eastern regions of Ethnic Buryatia. Emphasis is placed on the local peculiarity of uligers of Hori Buryats of Russia, with fewer records of the Eastern Buryat texts compared to the Western Buryat epics. An attempt is made to identify the plot-motif units used in the Hori uligers in the context of the main narrative core. These are the search for a betrothed or kidnapped wife and the process of matchmaking or passing repeated tests. Systematizing and describing the plots and motifs of the Hori Buryat uligers required the identification of the concept of “epic motif.” According to the theoretical judgments of scholars, a motif is the smallest narrative unit that serves a specific function in the plot development and has its own semantics within the implementation of the narrative outline of the epic tradition. The plot is formed by combining different motifs. The plot is defined as a certain model combining different motifs.
{"title":"Content-structural features of epics of Hori Buryats of Russia","authors":"B.-Kh. B. Tsybikova","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-107-115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-107-115","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the plot-compositional structure of uligers, epics of Hori Buryats. The composition of Hori Buryat uligers is centered on a primary epic core that forms the basis of the plot for each text. The events in these texts are organized into semantic blocks, each comprising motifs or sets of motifs. The content-structural features of the epics are characterized by analyzing the sources from the eastern regions of Ethnic Buryatia. Emphasis is placed on the local peculiarity of uligers of Hori Buryats of Russia, with fewer records of the Eastern Buryat texts compared to the Western Buryat epics. An attempt is made to identify the plot-motif units used in the Hori uligers in the context of the main narrative core. These are the search for a betrothed or kidnapped wife and the process of matchmaking or passing repeated tests. Systematizing and describing the plots and motifs of the Hori Buryat uligers required the identification of the concept of “epic motif.” According to the theoretical judgments of scholars, a motif is the smallest narrative unit that serves a specific function in the plot development and has its own semantics within the implementation of the narrative outline of the epic tradition. The plot is formed by combining different motifs. The plot is defined as a certain model combining different motifs.","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"31 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139193370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-89-106
N. V. Saynakova, S.V. Kovylin, O.I. Belogay, N.N. Korikova
This paper describes the interim results of an interdisciplinary expedition conducted in 2023 to the Vakh Khanty in the national village of Korliki, Nizhnevartovsk district of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area – Ugra. The research covered the following fields, including linguistics, ethnography, ethnobotany, and botany. This multidisciplinary approach allowed for a comprehensive examination of the language, culture, landscape, and flora of the Vakh Khanty. The relevance of the work is determined by its comprehensive interdisciplinary nature, which enables a thorough exploration of the national village of Korliki as a concentrated hub of Vakh Khanty life. This expedition was funded by a grant named “About Ugra: Open Research.” Thus, the general information about the grant is provided. Also, the findings of a linguistic research in the village of Korliki are presented. Particular attention is paid to the data obtained from sociolinguistic questionnaires and a general survey of the population. Furthermore, a discussion is provided on the peculiarities of the formation of the Vakh collection of ethnographic objects located in the Museum of Nature and Man in Khanty-Mansiysk. The paper also presents the results of an ethnobotanical survey and botanical study of the area. Mention is also made visit to the “Living Traditions” holiday and a trip to the sacred place “Stone Mountain.”
{"title":"Interdisciplinary expedition to the Vakh Khanty to the national village Korliki of the Nizhnevartovsk region of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area – Yugra in 2023: interim results","authors":"N. V. Saynakova, S.V. Kovylin, O.I. Belogay, N.N. Korikova","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-89-106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-89-106","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the interim results of an interdisciplinary expedition conducted in 2023 to the Vakh Khanty in the national village of Korliki, Nizhnevartovsk district of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area – Ugra. The research covered the following fields, including linguistics, ethnography, ethnobotany, and botany. This multidisciplinary approach allowed for a comprehensive examination of the language, culture, landscape, and flora of the Vakh Khanty. The relevance of the work is determined by its comprehensive interdisciplinary nature, which enables a thorough exploration of the national village of Korliki as a concentrated hub of Vakh Khanty life. This expedition was funded by a grant named “About Ugra: Open Research.” Thus, the general information about the grant is provided. Also, the findings of a linguistic research in the village of Korliki are presented. Particular attention is paid to the data obtained from sociolinguistic questionnaires and a general survey of the population. Furthermore, a discussion is provided on the peculiarities of the formation of the Vakh collection of ethnographic objects located in the Museum of Nature and Man in Khanty-Mansiysk. The paper also presents the results of an ethnobotanical survey and botanical study of the area. Mention is also made visit to the “Living Traditions” holiday and a trip to the sacred place “Stone Mountain.”","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"52 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139195799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-24-40
M. Chertykova
The article analyses the functionality and semantics of the Khakass expressive verbs being on the periphery of the lexico-semantic group of movement. These verbs are common for native speakers’ everyday speech and acquire the meaning of movement when used in a particular context. Their semantics is complex, with emotional, evaluative and figurative elements intersecting and overlapping with each other. The meaning of movement can be acquired in different ways. Firstly, verbs with the meaning of behavior can combine with verbs of movement. Secondly, polysemous verbs can be combined with dependent lexemes of locative semantics. Lastly, onomatopoeic verbs in secondary lexical and semantic versions can be formed by adding the forced voice affix -t-. All these functionalsemantic and grammatical properties contribute to the transition to the category of expressives denoting the subject’s figurative movement. Almost all verbs expressing the subject’s movement in their secondary lexical and semantic versions originate from verbs with neutral semantics. The expressiveness in certain word-formation and combinational models is lexically motivated, with a significant focus on imagery. Despite being frequently used, many of these verbs are missing in lexicographical sources, and for those that are listed, no information on their seme of “movement” is provided. The situation is complicated by contextual ambiguity of expressive words. Given that the abundance of expressive vocabulary in everyday conversation indicates a reliable native language proficiency and guarantees the preservation and development of the Khakass language, further lexicographic projects should take into account all the semantic and expressive nuances.
{"title":"Peripheral verbs in the meaning of movement in the Khakass language: semantics and functioning","authors":"M. Chertykova","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-24-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-24-40","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyses the functionality and semantics of the Khakass expressive verbs being on the periphery of the lexico-semantic group of movement. These verbs are common for native speakers’ everyday speech and acquire the meaning of movement when used in a particular context. Their semantics is complex, with emotional, evaluative and figurative elements intersecting and overlapping with each other. The meaning of movement can be acquired in different ways. Firstly, verbs with the meaning of behavior can combine with verbs of movement. Secondly, polysemous verbs can be combined with dependent lexemes of locative semantics. Lastly, onomatopoeic verbs in secondary lexical and semantic versions can be formed by adding the forced voice affix -t-. All these functionalsemantic and grammatical properties contribute to the transition to the category of expressives denoting the subject’s figurative movement. Almost all verbs expressing the subject’s movement in their secondary lexical and semantic versions originate from verbs with neutral semantics. The expressiveness in certain word-formation and combinational models is lexically motivated, with a significant focus on imagery. Despite being frequently used, many of these verbs are missing in lexicographical sources, and for those that are listed, no information on their seme of “movement” is provided. The situation is complicated by contextual ambiguity of expressive words. Given that the abundance of expressive vocabulary in everyday conversation indicates a reliable native language proficiency and guarantees the preservation and development of the Khakass language, further lexicographic projects should take into account all the semantic and expressive nuances.","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"29 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139193195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-9-15
A.A. Dobrynina
The paper presents preliminary results of a study based on experimental data on the intonation of a simple interrogative utterance in the Altai language. Based on the requested element, interrogative sentences can be divided into two types: full, referring to the entire sentence, and partial, which are questions. The purpose of a question determines whether it falls into the category of a modal one, to be answered by yes or no, or a dictal one, requiring additional information. Additionally, question types differ formally: dictal ones with interrogative words and modal ones with interrogative particles. Intonation is significant in expressing communicative goals and designing the syntactic structure of a sentence. The concept of intonation encompasses various prosodic methods for segmenting and organizing speech flow to convey the intended message. The intonation system is a complex combination of various prosodic means, including tonal, quantitative-dynamic, articulatory, and phonational. The experimental material for this study was recorded in the village of Yakonur, Ust-Khan district of the Altai Republic. The data were processed using the methodology adopted in the Laboratory of Experimental Phonetic Research of the Institute of Philology SB RAS. The analysis has revealed that the intonation contour of interrogative utterances in the Altai language varies depending on the presence and position of an interrogative marker. The peak of the intonation contour in questions falls on the interrogative word of the utterance. The pitch curve in questions exhibits a higher level of ending in comparison to the intonation of affirmative sentences.
{"title":"Intonation of simple interrogative statements in the Altai language","authors":"A.A. Dobrynina","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-9-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-9-15","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents preliminary results of a study based on experimental data on the intonation of a simple interrogative utterance in the Altai language. Based on the requested element, interrogative sentences can be divided into two types: full, referring to the entire sentence, and partial, which are questions. The purpose of a question determines whether it falls into the category of a modal one, to be answered by yes or no, or a dictal one, requiring additional information. Additionally, question types differ formally: dictal ones with interrogative words and modal ones with interrogative particles. Intonation is significant in expressing communicative goals and designing the syntactic structure of a sentence. The concept of intonation encompasses various prosodic methods for segmenting and organizing speech flow to convey the intended message. The intonation system is a complex combination of various prosodic means, including tonal, quantitative-dynamic, articulatory, and phonational. The experimental material for this study was recorded in the village of Yakonur, Ust-Khan district of the Altai Republic. The data were processed using the methodology adopted in the Laboratory of Experimental Phonetic Research of the Institute of Philology SB RAS. The analysis has revealed that the intonation contour of interrogative utterances in the Altai language varies depending on the presence and position of an interrogative marker. The peak of the intonation contour in questions falls on the interrogative word of the utterance. The pitch curve in questions exhibits a higher level of ending in comparison to the intonation of affirmative sentences.","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"26 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139190412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-163-166
P. S. Shakhov, N.V. Leonova
{"title":"International scientific online seminar “Problems of studying migrant musical and folklore traditions”","authors":"P. S. Shakhov, N.V. Leonova","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-163-166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-163-166","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"72 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139192556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.25205/2312-6337-2023-4-16-23
E.K. Annai
This paper investigates the historical evolution of the Tuvan-Russian/Russian-Tuvan bilingualism and its current state in the Tuva Republic. In 1974, B. I. Tatarintsev examined bilingualism and Russian loanwords in the Tuvan language and identified three periods of linguistic borrowing. Here, we propose a classification of new periods in the history of Tuvan-Russian bilingualism: the 4th (1993–2015) and the 5th (from 2015 to the present time). These periods can be differentiated by the changes in the functional relations between the Russian and the Tuvan languages in national republics of the Russian Federation, including the Tuva Republic, following the dissolution of the USSR in the 1990s. The recent trend of globalization has contributed to the expansion of the Russian language’s functions and its dominance in everyday life and official communication. Tuvan, being primarily used in informal communication or within families, is becoming more colloquial. This paper demonstrates the influence of Russian on Tuvan through the emergence of new ways of word formation with evaluative meanings and the occurrence of semantic shifts in various Russian loanwords. Verbs are frequently derived from Russian stems, and Russian adverbs are sometimes used in Tuvan speech. Moreover, it is important to highlight the escalating number of loanwords in recent decades and the discernible influence of Russian on oral Tuvan. To substantiate our findings, we utilize oral speech records and examples of posts in VKontakte and Facebook, where informal communication between native speakers commonly takes place.
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