Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25205/2312-6337-2022-1-82-88
A. T. Badarchy
The article is devoted to the analysis of lexical and semantic substitutions used in the Russian translation of the Tuvan novel “Aŋgïr-oolduŋ toožuzu” (“The tale of a fair boy”) written by S. A. Saryg-ool. The main types of such substitutions are concretization, generalization and modulation (semantic development) of the original unit meaning. The research material was collected by a continuous sampling from the original text and its Russian translation. The lexico-semantic substitutions analyzed are very common translation techniques due to the original text being replete with various terms, notions, and collocations reflecting the cultural characteristics of the Tuvan people. The concretization technique is used to achieve greater translation accuracy. Generalization is mainly used to convey figurative and detailed descriptive expressions, numerous terms, and notions with a specific or narrow meaning. The translator uses this transformation technique to avoid excessive word loading of the translated text. The modulation technique is intended to convey more precisely the content and meaning of a lexical unit or phrase that may not be understood in literal translation and may distort the understanding of the text.
本文分析了S. a . Saryg-ool的图瓦语小说《Aŋgïr-oolduŋ toožuzu》(《窈窕男孩的故事》)俄文翻译中词汇和语义的替换。这种替代的主要形式是对原单位意义的具体化、泛化和调制(语义发展)。研究材料是通过对原文及其俄文译本的连续抽样收集的。由于原文中充满了反映图瓦人文化特征的各种术语、概念和搭配，所分析的词汇语义替代是一种非常常见的翻译技巧。采用具体化技术，提高翻译精度。泛化主要用来表达具象的、详细的描述性表述、众多的术语以及具有特定或狭义的概念。译者利用这种转换技术避免了译文中过多的词负荷。调变技术的目的是更准确地表达在直译中可能无法理解的词汇单位或短语的内容和意义，并可能扭曲对文本的理解。
{"title":"Lexico-semantic substitutions in the translation of “The tale of a fair boy” by S. A. Saryg-ool","authors":"A. T. Badarchy","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2022-1-82-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2022-1-82-88","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the analysis of lexical and semantic substitutions used in the Russian translation of the Tuvan novel “Aŋgïr-oolduŋ toožuzu” (“The tale of a fair boy”) written by S. A. Saryg-ool. The main types of such substitutions are concretization, generalization and modulation (semantic development) of the original unit meaning. The research material was collected by a continuous sampling from the original text and its Russian translation. The lexico-semantic substitutions analyzed are very common translation techniques due to the original text being replete with various terms, notions, and collocations reflecting the cultural characteristics of the Tuvan people. The concretization technique is used to achieve greater translation accuracy. Generalization is mainly used to convey figurative and detailed descriptive expressions, numerous terms, and notions with a specific or narrow meaning. The translator uses this transformation technique to avoid excessive word loading of the translated text. The modulation technique is intended to convey more precisely the content and meaning of a lexical unit or phrase that may not be understood in literal translation and may distort the understanding of the text.","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126219787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25205/2312-6337-2019-2-89-94
N. S. Chistobaeva
The article gives a brief overview of the results of the research and scientific contribution of the folklore sector’s staff members to the formation and replenishment of the manuscript collection of Khakass Research Institute of Lan-guage, Literature and History. The research activity of the folklore sector is important in preservation and revival of Khakass culture – its language, history, traditions and art. Scientific expeditions contributed to the origin and develop-ment of the Khakass folklore. The pre-revolutionary period of the Khakass folklore is associated with the names of ear-ly researchers of history, ethnography of the Khakass people. An active study of the Khakass folklore begins in the 20th century, primarily due to the opening of KhakRILLH. in 1944. In 1945 the first expedition on folklore and language was organized. The staff of the institute collected a huge fund of folklore texts: heroic legends, tales, myths, legends, traditions, proverbs, sayings, riddles, recordings of live speech of different dialects. The replenishment of the manuscript collection with folklore materials was also contributed by the holding of re-gional contests “Aitys”. The opening of the folklore sector in 1994, marked a new stage in the systematic collection of empirical material from experts of oral folk art. Research work of the members of the folklore sector solve urgent prob-lems of the Khakass folklore. A purposeful study of the monuments of oral folk art for familiarization with the cultural traditions, customs and history of the Khakass people contributes to the implementation of the tasks which are set for the sector.
{"title":"The Role of the Folklore Sector in the Formation and Replenishment of the Manuscript Collection of Khakass Research Institute of Language, Literature and History (to the 75th anniversary of the Institute)","authors":"N. S. Chistobaeva","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2019-2-89-94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2019-2-89-94","url":null,"abstract":"The article gives a brief overview of the results of the research and scientific contribution of the folklore sector’s staff members to the formation and replenishment of the manuscript collection of Khakass Research Institute of Lan-guage, Literature and History. The research activity of the folklore sector is important in preservation and revival of Khakass culture – its language, history, traditions and art. Scientific expeditions contributed to the origin and develop-ment of the Khakass folklore. The pre-revolutionary period of the Khakass folklore is associated with the names of ear-ly researchers of history, ethnography of the Khakass people. An active study of the Khakass folklore begins in the 20th century, primarily due to the opening of KhakRILLH. in 1944. In 1945 the first expedition on folklore and language was organized. The staff of the institute collected a huge fund of folklore texts: heroic legends, tales, myths, legends, traditions, proverbs, sayings, riddles, recordings of live speech of different dialects. The replenishment of the manuscript collection with folklore materials was also contributed by the holding of re-gional contests “Aitys”. The opening of the folklore sector in 1994, marked a new stage in the systematic collection of empirical material from experts of oral folk art. Research work of the members of the folklore sector solve urgent prob-lems of the Khakass folklore. A purposeful study of the monuments of oral folk art for familiarization with the cultural traditions, customs and history of the Khakass people contributes to the implementation of the tasks which are set for the sector.","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"59 44","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113936725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25205/2312-6337-2020-2-50-62
K. V. Yadanova
The paper discusses the variants and versions of the legend about the flood – chayik and of the oral stories of how people climbed the sacred mountains, recorded by the author in the Kosh-Agach district of the Altai Republic. The time and place of the event in the legend and oral tales are also considered. The author provides the Index of plots and versions based on the Telengit folklore tradition on the topic: “The Sacred Mountains – Iyik”. The storytellers relate the time of the events in the legend to the distant past. Many performers count the time “after the flood” in their narratives. The people currently living in the Chui Valley are believed to be the descendants of those who survived the flood. In contrast to the legend about the flood – chayik, the time of the events in oral tales about how people climbed the sacred mountains – Iyik, is related to the recent past. The narrator or a person well known to the narrator climbed to the top of a mountain – Iyik. The locale of the event in the legend of the сhayik is the sacred mountain Iyik (Iyik-Kokoru / Tepsen-Bash / Irbistu). During the flood, people survived on the tops of the sacred mountains and left a kazan or fragments of a boat or a raft there. The Altai people traditionally believed the sacred mountains to be their defenders, saviors of human lives, and shelters during natural disasters, destructive wars, and raids.
{"title":"Experience of systematization of folklore texts about climbing the sacred mountains (based on Kosh-Agach Telengit folklore tradition data)","authors":"K. V. Yadanova","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2020-2-50-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2020-2-50-62","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses the variants and versions of the legend about the flood – chayik and of the oral stories of how people climbed the sacred mountains, recorded by the author in the Kosh-Agach district of the Altai Republic. The time and place of the event in the legend and oral tales are also considered. The author provides the Index of plots and versions based on the Telengit folklore tradition on the topic: “The Sacred Mountains – Iyik”. The storytellers relate the time of the events in the legend to the distant past. Many performers count the time “after the flood” in their narratives. The people currently living in the Chui Valley are believed to be the descendants of those who survived the flood. In contrast to the legend about the flood – chayik, the time of the events in oral tales about how people climbed the sacred mountains – Iyik, is related to the recent past. The narrator or a person well known to the narrator climbed to the top of a mountain – Iyik. The locale of the event in the legend of the сhayik is the sacred mountain Iyik (Iyik-Kokoru / Tepsen-Bash / Irbistu). During the flood, people survived on the tops of the sacred mountains and left a kazan or fragments of a boat or a raft there. The Altai people traditionally believed the sacred mountains to be their defenders, saviors of human lives, and shelters during natural disasters, destructive wars, and raids.","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124239300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25205/2312-6337-2021-1-124-131
S. S. Oorzhak, M. V. Bavuu-Syuryun
In modern Tuvan, religious lexis is actively evolving as a part of Tuvan lexis in general. It consists of several parts: Shamanist terms, Buddhist terms, and terms common for both religious systems, with the latter mostly involving ritual terms. Religious lexis reflects the entire Tuvan nation’s spiritual life and its history and continues to evolve by its own resources and loanwords from Mongolian, Tibetan, and Russian languages. Most loanwords are Buddhist. Before 1930, Buddhist lexis would be borrowed orally. Later, most religious terms were effectively forgotten and existed as passive vocabulary. Starting with the 1990s, religious lexis has become active again and is constantly enriched by Tuvan words and loanwords, particularly Buddhist terms. Translations play a significant role in this process, with the Russian language serving as an intermediary between Tuvan and Buddhist texts translated from Tibetan, English, and German. The variety and instability in religious lexis are due to a large number of loanwords and different forms of word spelling.
{"title":"Ways of evolution of Tuvan Buddhist lexis","authors":"S. S. Oorzhak, M. V. Bavuu-Syuryun","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2021-1-124-131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2021-1-124-131","url":null,"abstract":"In modern Tuvan, religious lexis is actively evolving as a part of Tuvan lexis in general. It consists of several parts: Shamanist terms, Buddhist terms, and terms common for both religious systems, with the latter mostly involving ritual terms. Religious lexis reflects the entire Tuvan nation’s spiritual life and its history and continues to evolve by its own resources and loanwords from Mongolian, Tibetan, and Russian languages. Most loanwords are Buddhist. Before 1930, Buddhist lexis would be borrowed orally. Later, most religious terms were effectively forgotten and existed as passive vocabulary. Starting with the 1990s, religious lexis has become active again and is constantly enriched by Tuvan words and loanwords, particularly Buddhist terms. Translations play a significant role in this process, with the Russian language serving as an intermediary between Tuvan and Buddhist texts translated from Tibetan, English, and German. The variety and instability in religious lexis are due to a large number of loanwords and different forms of word spelling.","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115059933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25205/2312-6337-2022-2-134-136
N. Oynotkinova
{"title":"About the folklore scientist Klavdiya Ergekovna Ukachina","authors":"N. Oynotkinova","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2022-2-134-136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2022-2-134-136","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130047292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25205/2312-6337-2021-2-119-130
G. E. Soldatova
The article is devoted to the study of samples of Khanty folklore, united by a plot about a greedy mouse. The material was found in open sources of the Internet and in publications. The study included 16 samples, 13 of them were provided with audio recording, 11 were performed with singing. The author has completed a description and com- parison of plots, clarified the genre of the texts, described and schematically notated the melodies, compared the melodies with each other, compared the melodies and plots. As a result, two main plots were identified: «The Swallowed Mouse» and «Bursting Belly». Of the 16 samples, four relate to song genres, 12 – to fairy tales that are told or sung. Comparison of the lyrics and melodies showed that the plot “Bursting Belly” is constantly combined with melody number 1. Melodies of fairy tales and songs about the mouse have a number of features in common. They are distinguished by a one-line structure (two isotemporal half-lines), the presence of rhythmic formulas, the predominance of a five-step diatonic. Rhythmic-melodic clichés from the tales of the greedy mouse are also characteristic of the mythoepic songs (stories about the bear) of the Bear-Feast. A historical analogy is found for the only fairytale melody that differs from the others. This is a close version of the mouse song melody from the performance at the Vogul Bear-Feast. The melody was recorded by A. Kannisto on a phonograph at the beginning of the 20th century, the score was made and published by A. Väisänen in 1937.
{"title":"The tale about a greedy mouse in the folklore of the Northern Khanty","authors":"G. E. Soldatova","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2021-2-119-130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2021-2-119-130","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the study of samples of Khanty folklore, united by a plot about a greedy mouse. The material was found in open sources of the Internet and in publications. The study included 16 samples, 13 of them were provided with audio recording, 11 were performed with singing. The author has completed a description and com- parison of plots, clarified the genre of the texts, described and schematically notated the melodies, compared the melodies with each other, compared the melodies and plots. As a result, two main plots were identified: «The Swallowed Mouse» and «Bursting Belly». Of the 16 samples, four relate to song genres, 12 – to fairy tales that are told or sung. Comparison of the lyrics and melodies showed that the plot “Bursting Belly” is constantly combined with melody number 1. Melodies of fairy tales and songs about the mouse have a number of features in common. They are distinguished by a one-line structure (two isotemporal half-lines), the presence of rhythmic formulas, the predominance of a five-step diatonic. Rhythmic-melodic clichés from the tales of the greedy mouse are also characteristic of the mythoepic songs (stories about the bear) of the Bear-Feast. A historical analogy is found for the only fairytale melody that differs from the others. This is a close version of the mouse song melody from the performance at the Vogul Bear-Feast. The melody was recorded by A. Kannisto on a phonograph at the beginning of the 20th century, the score was made and published by A. Väisänen in 1937.","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129138429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25205/2312-6337-2022-2-78-84
A. Dobrinina
This paper presents the experimental phonetic analysis of the Altai language intonation in terms of a communicative focus of the utterance. The interrogative intonation implementation was studied in sounding texts recorded from six informants, all representatives of the Altai-Kizhi dialect. In Altai, as in other Turkic languages, interrogative utterances are mainly expressed in lexical-grammatical and intonational ways. The first involves using interrogative pronouns such as kem “who,” ne “what,” kandyy “what, which,” kancha “how much,” and others, and the interrogative particle ba. The phonetic analysis revealed a wide intonational variability of dictum interrogative utterances with the interrogative pronoun kem. The intonation was found to depend on the interrogative word position. With kem at the beginning, the utterance has an even tone or is marked by an ascending-descending change in the frequency of the basic tone. With kem in the end, the ascending movement of the tone is observed, suggesting the utterance incompleteness and the expectation of the listener’s response. With kem in the middle position, a descending tone is observed, the intonational contour being wavelike: ascending-descending-ascending-descending. Overall, the intonational contour of questions with the word kem can be characterized as descending-rising, but with kem at the very end, the tone is ascending, the frequency difference of the basic tone in all the examples ranging from 5 to 7 pt. The next step will be to specify the trends identified by expanding the research corpus and describing the general pattern of intonation of dictum questions in statements with different interrogative words.
{"title":"Intonation of the dictum questions with the interrogative word kem in the Altai language","authors":"A. Dobrinina","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2022-2-78-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2022-2-78-84","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the experimental phonetic analysis of the Altai language intonation in terms of a communicative focus of the utterance. The interrogative intonation implementation was studied in sounding texts recorded from six informants, all representatives of the Altai-Kizhi dialect. In Altai, as in other Turkic languages, interrogative utterances are mainly expressed in lexical-grammatical and intonational ways. The first involves using interrogative pronouns such as kem “who,” ne “what,” kandyy “what, which,” kancha “how much,” and others, and the interrogative particle ba. The phonetic analysis revealed a wide intonational variability of dictum interrogative utterances with the interrogative pronoun kem. The intonation was found to depend on the interrogative word position. With kem at the beginning, the utterance has an even tone or is marked by an ascending-descending change in the frequency of the basic tone. With kem in the end, the ascending movement of the tone is observed, suggesting the utterance incompleteness and the expectation of the listener’s response. With kem in the middle position, a descending tone is observed, the intonational contour being wavelike: ascending-descending-ascending-descending. Overall, the intonational contour of questions with the word kem can be characterized as descending-rising, but with kem at the very end, the tone is ascending, the frequency difference of the basic tone in all the examples ranging from 5 to 7 pt. The next step will be to specify the trends identified by expanding the research corpus and describing the general pattern of intonation of dictum questions in statements with different interrogative words.","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"203 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122766515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25205/2312-6337-2020-2-133-135
T. Ryzhikova
{"title":"Half a century is it much or not? (on the 75th birthday of Iraida Yakovlevna Selyutina)","authors":"T. Ryzhikova","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2020-2-133-135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2020-2-133-135","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122768018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25205/2312-6337-2011-1-84-88
R. O. Shiraliyeva
The article deals with the indefinite pronouns and the usage of their equivalents in the Azerbaijan language. The article especially considers the indefinite pronouns /some/ and /any/ and their equivalents in the Azerbaijan language. It has been observed that the indefinite pronouns /some/ and /any/ have some equivalents in the Azerbaijan language. One of the famous linguists of Azerbaijan M.Huseynzade distinguishes the indefinite pronouns such as /biri, birisi, bəziləri, bir az, bir neçə, xeyli, az-çox, bir qədər/. He names these kinds of words as indefinite pronouns in Azerbaijani. According to M.Huseynzade, some of them are formed by adding the word /qədər/ to the nouns and numerals. The others are considered to be words denoting indefinite numbers. It is necessary to underline that each of the words denoting indefinite number has its way of usage in the Azerbaijan language. They cannot be used instead of each other, and they cannot be observed to limit one another’s positions in the sentence. The investigations show that the indefinite pronouns /some/ and /any/ cover the same stated pecularities of the indefinite words in Azerbaijan. According to specialists, /some/ has a positive meaning, /any/ has a negative meaning. The article highlights the usages of /some/ and /any/ and their equivalents in the Azerbaijan language.The article analyzes more than 20 sources dealing with the stated problem. The article is intended to stimulate the investigation of the discussed problem.
本文讨论了阿塞拜疆语中不定代词及其等同物的用法。本文特别考虑了阿塞拜疆语中的不定代词/some/和/any/及其等同物。人们注意到，不定代词/some/和/any/在阿塞拜疆语中有一些对等词。阿塞拜疆著名语言学家M.Huseynzade区分了不定代词，如/biri, birisi, b / zil / ri, bir az, bir neç /， xeyli, az- ox, bir q / d / r/。他将这些词命名为阿塞拜疆语中的不定代词。根据M.Huseynzade的说法，其中一些是通过在名词和数字后面加上/q / d / r而形成的。其他的则被认为是表示不确定数字的单词。必须强调指出，每一个表示不定数的词在阿塞拜疆语中都有其用法。它们不能代替彼此使用，也不能被观察到限制彼此在句子中的位置。调查表明，不定代词/some/和/any/涵盖了阿塞拜疆不定词的相同特性。根据专家的说法，/some/有积极意义，/any/有消极意义。本文强调了/some/和/any/及其在阿塞拜疆语中的等价用法。本文分析了处理上述问题的20多个来源。这篇文章旨在激发对所讨论问题的研究。
{"title":"On the issues of the use of indefinite pronouns in the modern English and Azerbaijan languages","authors":"R. O. Shiraliyeva","doi":"10.25205/2312-6337-2011-1-84-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2011-1-84-88","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the indefinite pronouns and the usage of their equivalents in the Azerbaijan language. The article especially considers the indefinite pronouns /some/ and /any/ and their equivalents in the Azerbaijan language. It has been observed that the indefinite pronouns /some/ and /any/ have some equivalents in the Azerbaijan language. One of the famous linguists of Azerbaijan M.Huseynzade distinguishes the indefinite pronouns such as /biri, birisi, bəziləri, bir az, bir neçə, xeyli, az-çox, bir qədər/. He names these kinds of words as indefinite pronouns in Azerbaijani. According to M.Huseynzade, some of them are formed by adding the word /qədər/ to the nouns and numerals. The others are considered to be words denoting indefinite numbers. It is necessary to underline that each of the words denoting indefinite number has its way of usage in the Azerbaijan language. They cannot be used instead of each other, and they cannot be observed to limit one another’s positions in the sentence. The investigations show that the indefinite pronouns /some/ and /any/ cover the same stated pecularities of the indefinite words in Azerbaijan. According to specialists, /some/ has a positive meaning, /any/ has a negative meaning. The article highlights the usages of /some/ and /any/ and their equivalents in the Azerbaijan language.The article analyzes more than 20 sources dealing with the stated problem. The article is intended to stimulate the investigation of the discussed problem.","PeriodicalId":112261,"journal":{"name":"Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125775398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25205/2312-6337-2019-2-45-50
E. V. Sundueva
The author considers the names of musical instruments presented in the decree on attributes of an escort of the Manchurian governor Hung Taiji for the festive ceremony held in honor of granting him the title ‘Gracious Peaceful Bogdo-Khan’ in 1636. The decree is presented in the written monument “Truthful record about Mongols of the Qing Empire” published in Classic Mongolian in 2013 in Huhe-Hoto (Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China). The author concludes that nominations of most of musical instruments took place on the basis of the acoustic perception of the sound they produced. For the first time the etymology of the word bičkigür ‘flute’ from the now-defunct verb *bičgi- ‘to whistle’ is proposed. In this way, in the Mongolic languages there are both ‘transparent onomatopoeias’ associated with some real sounds and imitations that lost their connection with the ideophonic words and allow only etymological reconstructions. The analyzing of semantics of dependent components of Mongolian complex words indicates that figurative perception of objects plays the main role during the nomination process. Consideration of complex words shows a generally similar mechanism of nomination of musical instruments in Mongolian and Chinese of the 17 th century. The description of the ideophonic words made it possible to expose semiotic, psychophysiological and linguistic foundations of the essence of language.
1636年，满洲总督洪太极为纪念他被封为“仁和博格都汗”而举行的节日仪式，在《关于其护卫的属性的诏书》中，作者考虑了乐器的名称。该法令被记载在2013年在呼和浩托(中华人民共和国内蒙古)出版的《古典蒙古语》上的“清帝国蒙古人的真实记录”的文字纪念物中。作者的结论是，大多数乐器的提名都是根据它们发出的声音的声学感知来进行的。首次提出了bi kig(笛)一词的词源，这个词源来自于现在已经不存在的动词* bi -“吹口哨”。这样，在蒙古语言中，既有与真实声音相关的“透明拟声词”，也有与表意词失去联系的模仿词，只允许词源重建。蒙古语复词依存成分的语义分析表明，对对象的具象知觉在命名过程中起主要作用。从复合词的角度来看，17世纪蒙汉乐器的命名机制大体相似。表意词的描述使揭示语言本质的符号学、心理生理学和语言学基础成为可能。
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