MXene exhibits an excellent ion-electron dual conduction mechanism, making it a promising candidate for bio-interfacing electrodes. However, the exposed Ti atoms on MXene flakes are prone to oxidation in air, leading to serious degradation which impedes its application as bioelectronic materials. Herein, a new MXene thin film protected by reduced graphene oxide (rGO) (namely rGM), resulting in an air-stable MXene bio-interfacing thin film electrode with high charge transfer capability is reported. The protective layer rGO effectively shields the conductive layer MXene from air oxidation, thereby significantly enhancing the air stability. After 40 days in the air (25 °C, 40% RH), the sheet resistance of rGM thin film (135.9 ± 2.3 to 312.6 ± 4.5 Ω sq−1) exhibits negligible increase compared to pure MXene thin film (145.0 ± 2.3 to 2,152.8 ± 6.8 Ω sq−1). A built-in electric field (BIEF) is generated by the redistribution of charges at the rGO@MXene heterojunction interface, which enhances the charge transfer efficiency and helps reduce the interfacial impedance between the electrodes and biological tissues. Together with its thin film characteristic, rGM is applicable for advanced automatic external defibrillator (AED) electrodes, which is essential for advancing emergency treatment research related to cardiac arrest.
{"title":"An Air-Stable MXene Bio-Interfacing Thin Film Electrode","authors":"Wei Xiong, Dekui Song, Aolin Li, Tongzhu Wang, Xiaohu Shi, Zihan Zhao, Xinyang Li, Zilong Liu, Wenxuan Liang, Fangping Ouyang, Nan Liu","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202423810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202423810","url":null,"abstract":"MXene exhibits an excellent ion-electron dual conduction mechanism, making it a promising candidate for bio-interfacing electrodes. However, the exposed Ti atoms on MXene flakes are prone to oxidation in air, leading to serious degradation which impedes its application as bioelectronic materials. Herein, a new MXene thin film protected by reduced graphene oxide (rGO) (namely rGM), resulting in an air-stable MXene bio-interfacing thin film electrode with high charge transfer capability is reported. The protective layer rGO effectively shields the conductive layer MXene from air oxidation, thereby significantly enhancing the air stability. After 40 days in the air (25 °C, 40% RH), the sheet resistance of rGM thin film (135.9 ± 2.3 to 312.6 ± 4.5 Ω sq<sup>−1</sup>) exhibits negligible increase compared to pure MXene thin film (145.0 ± 2.3 to 2,152.8 ± 6.8 Ω sq<sup>−1</sup>). A built-in electric field (BIEF) is generated by the redistribution of charges at the rGO@MXene heterojunction interface, which enhances the charge transfer efficiency and helps reduce the interfacial impedance between the electrodes and biological tissues. Together with its thin film characteristic, rGM is applicable for advanced automatic external defibrillator (AED) electrodes, which is essential for advancing emergency treatment research related to cardiac arrest.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sub-1 nm nanowires (SNWs) with diameter near that of a single polymer chain can perform polymer-like properties, which provides better compatibility for the combination of SNWs with polymers to further improve their mechanical performances. Here, the Ce2O3-phosphomolybdic acid SNWs (CS) are synthesized with flexible and viscous properties. Based on the special polymer-like properties, a universal method is developed to fabricate polymer-inorganic composite films by simply mixing CS with various kinds of polymers (including polyimide (PI), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyoxyethylene (PEO) and polystyrene (PS)), respectively. The tensile strength and elongation of these films are significantly improved simultaneously while their optical properties remain unchanged. The tensile strength increases by 136% (CS-PI film), 280% (CS-PVP film), 256% (CS-PEO film), 128% (CS-PS film) compared with pure polymer films, and the elongation can reach up to 55 ± 5% (CS-PI film), 9 ± 2% (CS-PVP film), 215 ± 5% (CS-PEO film) and 17 ± 2% (CS-PS film), respectively. Meanwhile, the CS can further functionalize the final composites due to their designable inorganic components, and as a demonstration the CS-PI film is used as a separator in Zn||Zn symmetric cells, which can last for 430 h, almost three times longer than that of commercial glass fiber.
{"title":"A Universal Strategy to Increase the Mechanical Performance of Polymer-Inorganic Composites by Sub-1 nm Hetero-Nanowires","authors":"Huaiyun Ge, Fenghua Zhang, Zhimin Hao, Junli Liu, Yu Zhang, Xun Wang","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202422768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202422768","url":null,"abstract":"Sub-1 nm nanowires (SNWs) with diameter near that of a single polymer chain can perform polymer-like properties, which provides better compatibility for the combination of SNWs with polymers to further improve their mechanical performances. Here, the Ce<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-phosphomolybdic acid SNWs (CS) are synthesized with flexible and viscous properties. Based on the special polymer-like properties, a universal method is developed to fabricate polymer-inorganic composite films by simply mixing CS with various kinds of polymers (including polyimide (PI), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyoxyethylene (PEO) and polystyrene (PS)), respectively. The tensile strength and elongation of these films are significantly improved simultaneously while their optical properties remain unchanged. The tensile strength increases by 136% (CS-PI film), 280% (CS-PVP film), 256% (CS-PEO film), 128% (CS-PS film) compared with pure polymer films, and the elongation can reach up to 55 ± 5% (CS-PI film), 9 ± 2% (CS-PVP film), 215 ± 5% (CS-PEO film) and 17 ± 2% (CS-PS film), respectively. Meanwhile, the CS can further functionalize the final composites due to their designable inorganic components, and as a demonstration the CS-PI film is used as a separator in Zn||Zn symmetric cells, which can last for 430 h, almost three times longer than that of commercial glass fiber.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shu An, Dmitry Kalashnikov, Wenqiao Shi, Zackaria Mahfoud, Ah Bian Chew, Yan Liu, Jing Wu, Di Zhu, Weibo Gao, Cheng-Wei Qiu, Victor Leong, Zhaogang Dong
Solid-state quantum emitters are essential sources of single photons, and enhancing their emission rates is of paramount importance for applications in quantum communications, computing, and metrology. One approach is to couple quantum emitters with resonant photonic nanostructures, where the emission rate is enhanced due to the Purcell effect. Dielectric nanoantennas are promising as they provide strong emission enhancement compared to plasmonic ones, which suffer from high Ohmic loss. Here, a dielectric Fano resonator is designed and fabricated based on a pair of silicon (Si) ellipses and a disk, which supports the mode hybridization between quasi-bound-states-in-the-continuum (quasi-BIC) and Mie resonance. The performance of the developed resonant system is demonstrated by interfacing it with single photon emitters (SPEs) based on nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in nanodiamonds (NDs). It is observed that the interfaced emitters have a Purcell enhancement factor of ≈10, with sub-ns emission lifetime and a polarization contrast of 9. The results indicate a promising method for developing efficient and compact single-photon sources for integrated quantum photonics applications.
{"title":"Dielectric Fano Nanoantennas for Enabling Sub-Nanosecond Lifetimes in NV-Based Single Photon Emitters","authors":"Shu An, Dmitry Kalashnikov, Wenqiao Shi, Zackaria Mahfoud, Ah Bian Chew, Yan Liu, Jing Wu, Di Zhu, Weibo Gao, Cheng-Wei Qiu, Victor Leong, Zhaogang Dong","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202425343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202425343","url":null,"abstract":"Solid-state quantum emitters are essential sources of single photons, and enhancing their emission rates is of paramount importance for applications in quantum communications, computing, and metrology. One approach is to couple quantum emitters with resonant photonic nanostructures, where the emission rate is enhanced due to the Purcell effect. Dielectric nanoantennas are promising as they provide strong emission enhancement compared to plasmonic ones, which suffer from high Ohmic loss. Here, a dielectric Fano resonator is designed and fabricated based on a pair of silicon (Si) ellipses and a disk, which supports the mode hybridization between quasi-bound-states-in-the-continuum (quasi-BIC) and Mie resonance. The performance of the developed resonant system is demonstrated by interfacing it with single photon emitters (SPEs) based on nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in nanodiamonds (NDs). It is observed that the interfaced emitters have a Purcell enhancement factor of ≈10, with sub-ns emission lifetime and a polarization contrast of 9. The results indicate a promising method for developing efficient and compact single-photon sources for integrated quantum photonics applications.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neuromorphic machine vision has attracted much attention in the field of artificial intelligence in the post-Moore era. However, current strategies still suffer from limited modulation, single function, and complex device structure. Here, the integration of sensing, memory, logic computing, and optical wireless communication is realized in a single 2D van der Waals α-In2Se3/SnS2 ferroelectric heterojunction field-effect transistor. The device exhibits excellent nonvolatile memory performances including a large memory window (≈76 V), excellent endurance (>800 cycles), and good retention time (>104 s). The device can also emulate synaptic behaviors well such as short-term to long-term memory transitions, experiential learning, and associative learning. And the reconfigurable logic gates (AND, OR) can be implemented by controlling electrical and optical inputs. In addition, the nonvolatile output current triggered by optical pulse sequences can express the international English alphabet Morse code (A-Z), which is expected to be used in the field of optical wireless communication for human–machine interfaces. This work emphasizes that 2D ferroelectric heterojunctions have the advantages of efficient modulation and high function integration, which have great potential for application in the development of future neuromorphic vision systems.
{"title":"Polarization-Modulated Multi-Mode Optoelectronic Synaptic Transistor for Sensing-Memory-Logic Computing and Optical Wireless Communication","authors":"Wenjuan Ci, Peng Wang, Wuhong Xue, Tianqi Liu, Jingyuan Qu, Xiaohong Xu","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202424926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202424926","url":null,"abstract":"Neuromorphic machine vision has attracted much attention in the field of artificial intelligence in the post-Moore era. However, current strategies still suffer from limited modulation, single function, and complex device structure. Here, the integration of sensing, memory, logic computing, and optical wireless communication is realized in a single 2D van der Waals <i>α</i>-In<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>/SnS<sub>2</sub> ferroelectric heterojunction field-effect transistor. The device exhibits excellent nonvolatile memory performances including a large memory window (≈76 V), excellent endurance (>800 cycles), and good retention time (>10<sup>4</sup> s). The device can also emulate synaptic behaviors well such as short-term to long-term memory transitions, experiential learning, and associative learning. And the reconfigurable logic gates (AND, OR) can be implemented by controlling electrical and optical inputs. In addition, the nonvolatile output current triggered by optical pulse sequences can express the international English alphabet Morse code (A-Z), which is expected to be used in the field of optical wireless communication for human–machine interfaces. This work emphasizes that 2D ferroelectric heterojunctions have the advantages of efficient modulation and high function integration, which have great potential for application in the development of future neuromorphic vision systems.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As an innovative approach to the utilization of solar energy, photothermal catalysis is based on the principle of generating localized high temperature at the site of light-absorbing materials, which then drive subsequent catalytic reactions. This process has significant implications for alleviating energy shortages and protecting the environment. Thus far, considerable attention has been devoted to the development of catalytic materials, while the heat transfer process throughout the entire material system receives comparatively little consideration. However, the heat transfer process plays a pivotal role in regulating the photothermal temperature, and its behavior can be further effectively manipulated through the implementation of advanced thermal management materials. In this perspective, the fundamental principles of photothermal catalysis are elucidated, with particular emphasis on the pathways of heat dissipation process. Subsequently, the recent research progress of thermal management materials and strategies in increasing photothermal temperature is summarized from the aspects of conduction, convection, and radiation. Finally, the obstacles and challenges encountered throughout the ongoing research are discussed, and further efforts are proposed for designing high-performance photothermal catalytic systems by thermal management. This perspective is expected to provide guidance for the application of thermal management materials and strategies in photothermal catalysis.
{"title":"Thermal Management Materials and Strategies for Photothermal Catalysis","authors":"Shengkun Liu, Chao Gao, Yujie Xiong","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202420723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202420723","url":null,"abstract":"As an innovative approach to the utilization of solar energy, photothermal catalysis is based on the principle of generating localized high temperature at the site of light-absorbing materials, which then drive subsequent catalytic reactions. This process has significant implications for alleviating energy shortages and protecting the environment. Thus far, considerable attention has been devoted to the development of catalytic materials, while the heat transfer process throughout the entire material system receives comparatively little consideration. However, the heat transfer process plays a pivotal role in regulating the photothermal temperature, and its behavior can be further effectively manipulated through the implementation of advanced thermal management materials. In this perspective, the fundamental principles of photothermal catalysis are elucidated, with particular emphasis on the pathways of heat dissipation process. Subsequently, the recent research progress of thermal management materials and strategies in increasing photothermal temperature is summarized from the aspects of conduction, convection, and radiation. Finally, the obstacles and challenges encountered throughout the ongoing research are discussed, and further efforts are proposed for designing high-performance photothermal catalytic systems by thermal management. This perspective is expected to provide guidance for the application of thermal management materials and strategies in photothermal catalysis.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Single photon emitters (SPEs) are building blocks of quantum technologies. Defect engineering of two-dimensional (2D) materials is ideal to fabricate SPEs, wherein spatially deterministic and quality-preserving fabrication methods are critical for integration into quantum devices and cavities. Existing methods use combination of strain and electron irradiation, or ion irradiation, which make fabrication complex, and limited by surrounding lattice damage. Here, only ultra-low energy electron beam (e-beam) irradiation (5 keV) is utilized to create dilute defect density in hBN-encapsulated monolayer MoS2, with ultra-high spatial resolution (<50 nm, extendable to 10 nm). Cryogenic photoluminescence spectra exhibit sharp defect peaks, following power-law for finite density of single defects, and characteristic Zeeman splitting for MoS2 defect complexes. The sharp peaks have low spectral jitter (<200 µeV), and are tunable with gate-voltage and e-beam energy. Use of low-momentum electron irradiation, ease of processing, and high spatial resolution, will disrupt deterministic creation of high-quality SPEs.
{"title":"Quantum Light Generation with Ultra-High Spatial Resolution in 2D Semiconductors via Ultra-Low Energy Electron Irradiation","authors":"Ajit Kumar Dash, Sharad Kumar Yadav, Sebastien Roux, Manavendra Pratap Singh, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Akshay Naik, Cedric Robert, Xavier Marie, Akshay Singh","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202421684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202421684","url":null,"abstract":"Single photon emitters (SPEs) are building blocks of quantum technologies. Defect engineering of two-dimensional (2D) materials is ideal to fabricate SPEs, wherein spatially deterministic and quality-preserving fabrication methods are critical for integration into quantum devices and cavities. Existing methods use combination of strain and electron irradiation, or ion irradiation, which make fabrication complex, and limited by surrounding lattice damage. Here, only ultra-low energy electron beam (e-beam) irradiation (5 keV) is utilized to create dilute defect density in hBN-encapsulated monolayer MoS<sub>2</sub>, with ultra-high spatial resolution (<50 nm, extendable to 10 nm). Cryogenic photoluminescence spectra exhibit sharp defect peaks, following power-law for finite density of single defects, and characteristic Zeeman splitting for MoS<sub>2</sub> defect complexes. The sharp peaks have low spectral jitter (<200 µeV), and are tunable with gate-voltage and e-beam energy. Use of low-momentum electron irradiation, ease of processing, and high spatial resolution, will disrupt deterministic creation of high-quality SPEs.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Prithwish Biswas, Liam Alexis, Jaejun Lee, Gustavo A. Alvarez, August Brueggemann, Diana Santiago, Maricela Lizcano, Zhiting Tian
The interaction of very low frequency (VLF) and extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic waves with nanocomposites is rarely explored. It is demonstrated that low-dimensional electrically conducting fillers are able to shield extremely long wavelengths, provided they form extended conduction paths through percolation. Other mechanisms that synergistically augment the shielding of the high frequencies, such as skin effect, interfacial polarization, and multiple internal scattering, have insignificant effects in the low-frequency range. In this regard, high aspect ratio 1D conductors having the lowest percolation thresholds provide the best shielding performance, both gravimetrically and volumetrically. Shielding in these materials are observed majorly occur mostly through reflection, and hence, these materials can be employed for both shielding and guiding low frequencies. The correlation proposed to estimate shielding effectiveness based on conductivity and frequency enables convenient material design for low-frequency modulation.
{"title":"ELF/VLF Electromagnetic Interference Shielding by Low-Dimensional Conductors Embedded in Insulating Polymer Matrices","authors":"Prithwish Biswas, Liam Alexis, Jaejun Lee, Gustavo A. Alvarez, August Brueggemann, Diana Santiago, Maricela Lizcano, Zhiting Tian","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202423497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202423497","url":null,"abstract":"The interaction of very low frequency (VLF) and extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic waves with nanocomposites is rarely explored. It is demonstrated that low-dimensional electrically conducting fillers are able to shield extremely long wavelengths, provided they form extended conduction paths through percolation. Other mechanisms that synergistically augment the shielding of the high frequencies, such as skin effect, interfacial polarization, and multiple internal scattering, have insignificant effects in the low-frequency range. In this regard, high aspect ratio 1D conductors having the lowest percolation thresholds provide the best shielding performance, both gravimetrically and volumetrically. Shielding in these materials are observed majorly occur mostly through reflection, and hence, these materials can be employed for both shielding and guiding low frequencies. The correlation proposed to estimate shielding effectiveness based on conductivity and frequency enables convenient material design for low-frequency modulation.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chuanshuai Dong, Weiquan Lin, Zipai Li, Lei Chen, Zhixian Tang, Fenglian Lu, Ronghui Qi, Lin Lu, Lizhi Zhang
Thermally driven membrane distillation (TDMD) has emerged as a promising seawater desalination technology to address the freshwater shortage and energy crisis. However, the conventional “bulk-heating” technologies results in serious temperature polarization phenomenon, hindering efficient utilization of the energy. Here, an innovative hydroxylated CNTs-engineered polyvinylidene fluoride (H-CNT@PVDF) membrane is proposed which imparts an efficient, localized photo-/electro-thermal self-heating effect. To prevent the heat loss from the self-heating layer to bulk water, a transparent silica aerogel microspheres (SAM) layer is deposited on the H-CNT layer, achieving excellent self-insulating effect. The innovative SAM@H-CNT@PVDF Janus membrane achieves a 486% increase in MD flux compared with the conventional membrane. Although SAM layer only account for 3.8% of the membrane, the thermal resistance increases, unexpectedly, by more than 600%, which allows most of the heat to be concentrated at the H-CNT layer and used for seawater evaporation. The overall energy-to-water efficiency reach 94.5%, outperforming state-of-the-art MD devices. Additionally, the SAM layer demonstrates excellent anti-electrooxidation effect with the current degradation decreasing from 75.6% to 21.1%, ensuring long-term working for the membrane. The membrane represents a significant advancement in MD technology and holds substantial promise for ultra-low energy seawater desalination, offering a promising solution to water-energy nexus.
{"title":"Ultra-High Freshwater Production Via Coupling Photo-/Electro-Thermal Self-Heating and Self-Insulating Janus Membrane","authors":"Chuanshuai Dong, Weiquan Lin, Zipai Li, Lei Chen, Zhixian Tang, Fenglian Lu, Ronghui Qi, Lin Lu, Lizhi Zhang","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202423610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202423610","url":null,"abstract":"Thermally driven membrane distillation (TDMD) has emerged as a promising seawater desalination technology to address the freshwater shortage and energy crisis. However, the conventional “bulk-heating” technologies results in serious temperature polarization phenomenon, hindering efficient utilization of the energy. Here, an innovative hydroxylated CNTs-engineered polyvinylidene fluoride (H-CNT@PVDF) membrane is proposed which imparts an efficient, localized photo-/electro-thermal self-heating effect. To prevent the heat loss from the self-heating layer to bulk water, a transparent silica aerogel microspheres (SAM) layer is deposited on the H-CNT layer, achieving excellent self-insulating effect. The innovative SAM@H-CNT@PVDF Janus membrane achieves a 486% increase in MD flux compared with the conventional membrane. Although SAM layer only account for 3.8% of the membrane, the thermal resistance increases, unexpectedly, by more than 600%, which allows most of the heat to be concentrated at the H-CNT layer and used for seawater evaporation. The overall energy-to-water efficiency reach 94.5%, outperforming state-of-the-art MD devices. Additionally, the SAM layer demonstrates excellent anti-electrooxidation effect with the current degradation decreasing from 75.6% to 21.1%, ensuring long-term working for the membrane. The membrane represents a significant advancement in MD technology and holds substantial promise for ultra-low energy seawater desalination, offering a promising solution to water-energy nexus.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yalan Zhang, Jie Hu, Huike Zhou, Yingpeng Zhang, Zebin Yu, Qiang Wei, Wenrong Xiong, Lijun Chen, Zhifei Yu, Jiahao Yang, Wei Liu, Hu Du, Jinying Xu, Sunlin Chi, Aiying Wang, Xianchuan Xie
Despite recent achievements in the co-reduction electrosynthesis of urea from nitrogen wastes and CO2, the selectivity and yield of the products remain fairly average because of the competition of the NITRR, CO2RR, and HER. Here, a strategy involving FeNC catalysts disperse with oxygen-vacancy-rich CeO2 (FeNC-Ce) is illustrated, in which the reversible hydrogenation of defects, and bimetallic catalytic centers enable spontaneous switching between the reduction paths of NO3− and CO2. The FeNC-Ce electrocatalyst exhibits an extremely high urea yield and Faraday efficiency (FE) of 20969.2 µg mg−1 h−1 and 89.3%, respectively, which is highly superior to most reported values (maximum urea yield of 200–2300 µg mg−1 h−1, FEmax of 11.5%–83.4%). The study findings, rationalize by in situ spectroscopy and theoretical calculations, are rooted in the evolution of dynamic NITRR and CO2RR co-reduction involving protons, alleviating the overwhelming single-system reduction of reactants and thereby minimizing the formation of by-products.
{"title":"Boosting Electrochemical Urea Synthesis via Cooperative Electroreduction Through the Parallel Reduction","authors":"Yalan Zhang, Jie Hu, Huike Zhou, Yingpeng Zhang, Zebin Yu, Qiang Wei, Wenrong Xiong, Lijun Chen, Zhifei Yu, Jiahao Yang, Wei Liu, Hu Du, Jinying Xu, Sunlin Chi, Aiying Wang, Xianchuan Xie","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202423568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202423568","url":null,"abstract":"Despite recent achievements in the co-reduction electrosynthesis of urea from nitrogen wastes and CO<sub>2</sub>, the selectivity and yield of the products remain fairly average because of the competition of the NITRR, CO<sub>2</sub>RR, and HER. Here, a strategy involving FeNC catalysts disperse with oxygen-vacancy-rich CeO<sub>2</sub> (FeNC-Ce) is illustrated, in which the reversible hydrogenation of defects, and bimetallic catalytic centers enable spontaneous switching between the reduction paths of NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> and CO<sub>2</sub>. The FeNC-Ce electrocatalyst exhibits an extremely high urea yield and Faraday efficiency (FE) of 20969.2 µg mg<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> and 89.3%, respectively, which is highly superior to most reported values (maximum urea yield of 200–2300 µg mg<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>, FE<sub>max</sub> of 11.5%–83.4%). The study findings, rationalize by in situ spectroscopy and theoretical calculations, are rooted in the evolution of dynamic NITRR and CO<sub>2</sub>RR co-reduction involving protons, alleviating the overwhelming single-system reduction of reactants and thereby minimizing the formation of by-products.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143417954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The escalating population affected by deafness and hearing loss demands solutions to revolutionize traditional sign language recognition based on interpreters. The emergence of wearable sensors could provide a promising alternative but suffer from poor mechanical stability, external signal inferences, less sensitivity, and signal hysteresis. Herein, an ultrasensitive and anti-interference flexible ionic composite nanofiber membranes (ICNM) based pressure sensor is developed through precisely manipulating polymer-blending interactions, where ionic liquid and silver nanowire additives are well anchored on thermoplastic polyurethane polymer scaffolds without leakage via unique hydrogen bond networks, leading to a substantial areal capacitance of 20 µF cm−2, and effectively mitigating external noise. The ICNM-based sensor showcases high sensitivity (57.2 kPa−1), ultralow detection limit (≈1.2 Pa), fast response time (15 ms), expansive detection range (1.2 Pa –220 kPa), and exceptional stability for over 10 000 continuous compression and recovery cycles, showing great promise for capturing subtle facial expressions, large joint movements, and high-frequency (≈25.5 Hz) pressure sensing in a high accuracy and resolution. Together with advanced machine learning algorithms, an intelligent sign language recognition glove achieves 96.8% accuracy for 24 letters within 0.1 s, ushering in a new era for ultrasensitive pressure sensors and significantly contributing to next-generation intelligent sign language recognition systems.
{"title":"Ionic Composite Nanofiber Membrane-Based Ultra-Sensitive and Anti-Interference Flexible Pressure Sensors for Intelligent Sign Language Recognition","authors":"Yue Zhou, Shuai Guo, Yun Zhou, Liupeng Zhao, Tianshuang Wang, Xu Yan, Fangmeng Liu, Sai Kishore Ravi, Peng Sun, Swee Ching Tan, Geyu Lu","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202425586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202425586","url":null,"abstract":"The escalating population affected by deafness and hearing loss demands solutions to revolutionize traditional sign language recognition based on interpreters. The emergence of wearable sensors could provide a promising alternative but suffer from poor mechanical stability, external signal inferences, less sensitivity, and signal hysteresis. Herein, an ultrasensitive and anti-interference flexible ionic composite nanofiber membranes (ICNM) based pressure sensor is developed through precisely manipulating polymer-blending interactions, where ionic liquid and silver nanowire additives are well anchored on thermoplastic polyurethane polymer scaffolds without leakage via unique hydrogen bond networks, leading to a substantial areal capacitance of 20 µF cm<sup>−2</sup>, and effectively mitigating external noise. The ICNM-based sensor showcases high sensitivity (57.2 kPa<sup>−1</sup>), ultralow detection limit (≈1.2 Pa), fast response time (15 ms), expansive detection range (1.2 Pa –220 kPa), and exceptional stability for over 10 000 continuous compression and recovery cycles, showing great promise for capturing subtle facial expressions, large joint movements, and high-frequency (≈25.5 Hz) pressure sensing in a high accuracy and resolution. Together with advanced machine learning algorithms, an intelligent sign language recognition glove achieves 96.8% accuracy for 24 letters within 0.1 s, ushering in a new era for ultrasensitive pressure sensors and significantly contributing to next-generation intelligent sign language recognition systems.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143417956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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