Advanced Functional Materials最新文献

英文中文

An Unexpected Low-Temperature Battery Formation Technology Enabling Fast-Charging Graphite Anodes

IF 19 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Functional Materials

Pub Date : 2025-02-16 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202500481

Ruilin Hou, Linlin Zheng, Tianze Shi, Can Cui, Sheng Xu, Haoshen Zhou, Shaohua Guo

The battery formation process is pivotal for constructing a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on graphite anodes, generally conducted at high temperatures. However, the resulting excessive SEI film causes significant lithium loss and an inferior charging rate. Herein, an unconventional low-temperature formation technology based on an innovative temperature-responsive electrolyte with an anion-dominated solvation structure at low temperature is validated. During the formation cycling at 5 °C, the enhanced anion–cation interaction, coupled with the suppressed solvent decomposition, facilitates the generation of a thin and lithium fluoride-rich SEI film. Consequently, the graphite anodes exhibit 5C fast-charging performance (198.89 mAh g⁻¹, 53.39% of theoretical capacity), successfully overcoming the rate bottleneck of 2C commonly encountered in commercial graphite anodes, and realize 95.88% capacity retention after 400 cycles at 0.5C. Moreover, compared to traditional high-temperature formation, the low-temperature formation technology saves 52.73% (from 22.02 to 10.42 h) of formation time and reduces lithium loss from 16.76% to 7.21%. This work highlights the importance and opportunities of utilizing the low temperature as a “driving force” for regulating the solvation structure and interfacial chemistry.

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引用次数: 0

Backbone Twisting and Terminal Overlapping via π-Bridge Engineering for Highly Efficient Non-Fused Ring Electron Acceptors with Balanced JSC-VOC

IF 19 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Functional Materials

Pub Date : 2025-02-16 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202423242

Wenjun Zhang, Kexin Zhao, Ningfang Zhang, Qi Dong, Shuaishuai Shen, Hao Lu, Bin Hu, Feixiang Zhao, Shijin Yuan, Guanghao Lu, Yu Chen, Zaifei Ma, Zhishan Bo, Jinsheng Song

High and balanced open-circuit voltage (V_OC) and short-circuit current density (J_SC) are crucial for the efficiency of organic solar cells (OSCs). Generally, the π-bridge strategy serving as an effective molecular functionalization route with the potential to balance the V_OC-J_SC pair. Herein, the study designs and synthesizes three non-fused ring electron acceptors (NFREAs): 2T-T-EH, 2T-T-2EH, and 2T-TT-2EH, by systematically regulating the π-bridge at size, number, and position of the lateral alkyl chains. Introducing inner alkyl side chains result in twisted backbones, which elevated the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels, and reduced energy loss, facilitating a higher V_OC. Single crystal analysis also reveals that the π-extending in 2T-TT-2EH can effectively relieve the congestion of dual lateral chains, leave more space for the terminal overlapping, which promotes efficient charge transport and enhancing J_SC. Consequently, a compromise between V_OC (0.916 V) and J_SC (21.21 mA cm⁻²) is accomplished in the binary OSCs. The elevated LUMO energy level and V_OC provides 2T-TT-2EH to serve as a third component in ternary OSCs, achieving an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.07% in the D18:BTP-eC9-4F:2T-TT-2EH-based device. These findings in this study suggest that fine-tuning the π-bridges is a simple method for optimizing photovoltaic performance in NFREAs, ensuring a well-balanced V_OC and J_SC.

{"title":"Backbone Twisting and Terminal Overlapping via π-Bridge Engineering for Highly Efficient Non-Fused Ring Electron Acceptors with Balanced JSC-VOC","authors":"Wenjun Zhang, Kexin Zhao, Ningfang Zhang, Qi Dong, Shuaishuai Shen, Hao Lu, Bin Hu, Feixiang Zhao, Shijin Yuan, Guanghao Lu, Yu Chen, Zaifei Ma, Zhishan Bo, Jinsheng Song","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202423242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202423242","url":null,"abstract":"High and balanced open-circuit voltage (VOC) and short-circuit current density (JSC) are crucial for the efficiency of organic solar cells (OSCs). Generally, the π-bridge strategy serving as an effective molecular functionalization route with the potential to balance the VOC-JSC pair. Herein, the study designs and synthesizes three non-fused ring electron acceptors (NFREAs): 2T-T-EH, 2T-T-2EH, and 2T-TT-2EH, by systematically regulating the π-bridge at size, number, and position of the lateral alkyl chains. Introducing inner alkyl side chains result in twisted backbones, which elevated the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels, and reduced energy loss, facilitating a higher VOC. Single crystal analysis also reveals that the π-extending in 2T-TT-2EH can effectively relieve the congestion of dual lateral chains, leave more space for the terminal overlapping, which promotes efficient charge transport and enhancing JSC. Consequently, a compromise between VOC (0.916 V) and JSC (21.21 mA cm−2) is accomplished in the binary OSCs. The elevated LUMO energy level and VOC provides 2T-TT-2EH to serve as a third component in ternary OSCs, achieving an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.07% in the D18:BTP-eC9-4F:2T-TT-2EH-based device. These findings in this study suggest that fine-tuning the π-bridges is a simple method for optimizing photovoltaic performance in NFREAs, ensuring a well-balanced VOC and JSC.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hierarchically Structured Hydrogels for Rapid Solar Vapor Generation With Super Resistance to Salt

IF 19 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Functional Materials

Pub Date : 2025-02-16 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202500459

Bin Wang, Huhu Cheng, Hui Zhu, Liangti Qu

Solar water evaporation is a promising technology for producing clean water from seawater and wastewater. However, the challenge of balancing high evaporation performance and long-term salt resistance has hindered the widespread application of evaporators. Herein, a dual-network hydrogel (DNH) featuring a hierarchical structure with alternating pore sizes is introduced. This innovative design optimizes the continuous supply of water to the evaporation surface while improving light absorption. By fine-tuning the amide groups within the hydrogel network, the state of water, leading to efficient water activation and a significant reduction in evaporation enthalpy is altered. As a result, the DNH achieves an evaporation rate of 4.0 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ under one sun. During the solar desalination process, the enhanced convection-diffusion reflux facilitated by the hierarchical structure endows the DNH with exceptional salt resistance. Remarkably, even after 12 h of continuous evaporation in artificial seawater with 25 wt% salinity, the DNH maintains the same evaporation rate as pure water. This remarkable performance significantly expands its potential applications, positioning the DNH as a transformative solution in the quest for sustainable water resources.

{"title":"Hierarchically Structured Hydrogels for Rapid Solar Vapor Generation With Super Resistance to Salt","authors":"Bin Wang, Huhu Cheng, Hui Zhu, Liangti Qu","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202500459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202500459","url":null,"abstract":"Solar water evaporation is a promising technology for producing clean water from seawater and wastewater. However, the challenge of balancing high evaporation performance and long-term salt resistance has hindered the widespread application of evaporators. Herein, a dual-network hydrogel (DNH) featuring a hierarchical structure with alternating pore sizes is introduced. This innovative design optimizes the continuous supply of water to the evaporation surface while improving light absorption. By fine-tuning the amide groups within the hydrogel network, the state of water, leading to efficient water activation and a significant reduction in evaporation enthalpy is altered. As a result, the DNH achieves an evaporation rate of 4.0 kg m−2 h−1 under one sun. During the solar desalination process, the enhanced convection-diffusion reflux facilitated by the hierarchical structure endows the DNH with exceptional salt resistance. Remarkably, even after 12 h of continuous evaporation in artificial seawater with 25 wt% salinity, the DNH maintains the same evaporation rate as pure water. This remarkable performance significantly expands its potential applications, positioning the DNH as a transformative solution in the quest for sustainable water resources.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Special Rubber with Excellent Mechanical Strength, Environmental Stability, and Electrical Conductivity for Accordion-Structured High-Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerators

IF 19 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Functional Materials

Pub Date : 2025-02-16 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202425366

Wei Gao, Wenyu Pan, Xuehan Gao, Ting Xie, Fangyan Ou, Chuang Ning, Ziming Fu, Fuqi Wang, Tiantian Gan, Zhiyong Qin, Zengxi Wei, Qian Sun, Zequan Li, Chuanhui Xu, Shuangliang Zhao

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are an emerging energy-harvesting technology capable of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. However, triboelectric layers, crucial components of TENGs, are susceptible to mechanical and structural damage in harsh environments, thereby compromising the device's output performance and limiting its applicability. Therefore, developing triboelectric layers with excellent mechanical strength and environmental stability poses a challenge. Inspired by the intricate multiple cross-linking networks present in myofibrillar proteins, a strategy of multiple cross-linking is proposed to prepare conductive special rubbers with outstanding mechanical strength (13.5 MPa), environmental stability, and electrical conductivity (0.86 S m⁻¹) using a “grafting–hydrogenation–cross-linking–filling” process. The multiple cross-linking networks considerably enhanced the rubber's strength by 100 times (0.3–30.3 MPa). Subsequently, these special rubbers are employed as triboelectric layers in accordion-structured TENGs, which demonstrated exceptional electrical output performance with an open-circuit voltage of 723 V and a power density of up to 3.25 W m⁻². TENGs can operate stably in a wide range of harsh environments. This study provides a viable strategy for designing TENGs capable of functioning in harsh environments, thereby contributing to sustainable energy solutions.

{"title":"Special Rubber with Excellent Mechanical Strength, Environmental Stability, and Electrical Conductivity for Accordion-Structured High-Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerators","authors":"Wei Gao, Wenyu Pan, Xuehan Gao, Ting Xie, Fangyan Ou, Chuang Ning, Ziming Fu, Fuqi Wang, Tiantian Gan, Zhiyong Qin, Zengxi Wei, Qian Sun, Zequan Li, Chuanhui Xu, Shuangliang Zhao","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202425366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202425366","url":null,"abstract":"Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are an emerging energy-harvesting technology capable of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. However, triboelectric layers, crucial components of TENGs, are susceptible to mechanical and structural damage in harsh environments, thereby compromising the device's output performance and limiting its applicability. Therefore, developing triboelectric layers with excellent mechanical strength and environmental stability poses a challenge. Inspired by the intricate multiple cross-linking networks present in myofibrillar proteins, a strategy of multiple cross-linking is proposed to prepare conductive special rubbers with outstanding mechanical strength (13.5 MPa), environmental stability, and electrical conductivity (0.86 S m−1) using a “grafting–hydrogenation–cross-linking–filling” process. The multiple cross-linking networks considerably enhanced the rubber's strength by 100 times (0.3–30.3 MPa). Subsequently, these special rubbers are employed as triboelectric layers in accordion-structured TENGs, which demonstrated exceptional electrical output performance with an open-circuit voltage of 723 V and a power density of up to 3.25 W m−2. TENGs can operate stably in a wide range of harsh environments. This study provides a viable strategy for designing TENGs capable of functioning in harsh environments, thereby contributing to sustainable energy solutions.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Photoactive Polymer-Silicon Heterostructures for Terahertz Spatial Light Modulation and Video-Rate Single-Pixel Compressive Imaging

IF 19 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Functional Materials

Pub Date : 2025-02-16 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202422478

Jiaxuan Liang, Jiaqi Zhang, Zhihao Wang, Ruiyin Wang, Zhibo Yao, Ranjan Singh, Zhen Tian, Weili Zhang

Terahertz (THz) waves, known for their low photon energy and unique spectral fingerprints, have broad applications in non-destructive testing, biomedicine, and other fields. However, traditional THz imaging techniques are constrained by their long wavelength and slow imaging speeds due to raster scanning. Single-pixel imaging offers a high-throughput, high-resolution alternative, yet the performance of THz spatial light modulators (SLMs) remains limited by the trade-off between modulation depth and rate. Here, a polymer-silicon heterostructure is proposed as a THz SLM using continuous-wave (CW) optical illumination. The organic-semiconductor interface promotes photo-generated carrier accumulation, while the thickness of the silicon substrate influences the whole effective carrier lifetime. The design enables a THz SLM with both high modulation depth and fast modulation rate, ideal for THz single-pixel imaging. A video-rate single-pixel super-resolution imaging is demonstrated with a CW THz source. The dependence of imaging quality on the pump power and the switch rate of digital micromirror devices is investigated, which demonstrates that the imaging speed and imaging contrast are not limited by the carrier lifetime of silicon, rather than other hardware devices. In addition, the water content in a micro-fluidic chip is tracked, highlighting the potential in bioanalysis and biomedical applications.

太赫兹（THz）波以其低光子能量和独特的光谱指纹而闻名，在无损检测、生物医学和其他领域有着广泛的应用。然而，传统的太赫兹成像技术受到波长长和光栅扫描成像速度慢的限制。单像素成像技术提供了一种高通量、高分辨率的替代方法，但太赫兹空间光调制器（SLM）的性能仍然受到调制深度和速率之间权衡的限制。本文提出了一种聚合物-硅异质结构，利用连续波（CW）光学照明作为太赫兹空间光调制器。有机半导体界面促进了光生载流子的积累，而硅衬底的厚度则影响了整个有效载流子寿命。这种设计实现了具有高调制深度和快速调制速率的太赫兹 SLM，是太赫兹单像素成像的理想选择。利用 CW 太赫兹源演示了视频速率单像素超分辨率成像。研究了成像质量对泵功率和数字微镜器件开关速率的依赖性，证明成像速度和成像对比度不受硅载流子寿命的限制，而不受其他硬件器件的限制。此外，还对微流体芯片中的水含量进行了跟踪，凸显了微流体芯片在生物分析和生物医学应用方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

A Metal-Free Carbonaceous Material for Highly Efficient and Robust Electrochemical Biomass Valorization 用于高效、稳健电化学生物质增值的无金属碳质材料

IF 19 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Functional Materials

Pub Date : 2025-02-16 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202502618

Changlong Wang, Ziyi Zhao, Weijin Cao, Yujie Peng, Minwei Song, Yufeng Wu

2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) synthesis holds significant importance for both bio-polymer production and emerging sustainable bio-based alternatives for environmental and energy applications. Here, a metal-free carbonaceous material—that is, biomass substrate 5-hydroxymethylfurfural-derived graphene-like nitrogen doped porous carbon sheet (GNPCH)—and its application as a new catalyst for electrochemical FDCA synthesis is presented. The study scrutinized the catalytic principles, demonstrated the surprising robustness, and explored the origin of the high efficiency of GNPCH catalyzed electro-synthesis of FDCA. Initially, facial pyrolysis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and urea forms ultrathin GNPCH with rich micropores and defects. By employing GNPCH-900 catalyst, stable, continuous operation of >400 h with both FDCA yields and Faraday efficiencies >90% is achieved; those values not only represent the best metal-free catalyst and that are comparable to those of the state-of-the-art metal-based counterparts, but also showcase one of the longest-running electrochemical FDCA synthesis reactions. A series of electrochemical measurements, in situ characterization, and density functional theory calculations indicate that the origin of the high efficiency is mainly from the pyridinic-N-related active sites and clarify the reaction pathway. These findings suggest that the GNPCH catalyst will be a potential alternative to the metal-based catalysts in electrochemical biomass valorization.

2,5-呋喃二甲酸（FDCA）的合成对于生物聚合物的生产以及新兴的可持续生物基替代品的环境和能源应用都具有重要意义。本文介绍了一种无金属碳质材料，即生物质基质 5-hydroxymethylfurfural 衍生的石墨烯类氮掺杂多孔碳片（GNPCH），并将其用作电化学合成 FDCA 的新型催化剂。该研究仔细研究了其催化原理，证明了其令人惊讶的稳健性，并探索了 GNPCH 催化电合成 FDCA 的高效率来源。最初，5-羟甲基糠醛和尿素的面热解形成了具有丰富微孔和缺陷的超薄 GNPCH。通过使用 GNPCH-900 催化剂，FDCA 产量和法拉第效率均达到了 90% 的稳定、连续运行时间（400 小时）；这些数值不仅代表了最好的无金属催化剂，可与最先进的金属基催化剂相媲美，而且还展示了运行时间最长的电化学 FDCA 合成反应之一。一系列电化学测量、原位表征和密度泛函理论计算表明，高效率的根源主要来自与吡啶-N 相关的活性位点，并阐明了反应途径。这些研究结果表明，GNPCH 催化剂将成为电化学生物质资源化过程中金属催化剂的潜在替代品。

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引用次数: 0

InAs on Insulator: A New Platform for Cryogenic Hybrid Superconducting Electronics (Adv. Funct. Mater. 7/2025)

IF 18.5 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Functional Materials

Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202570040

Alessandro Paghi, Giacomo Trupiano, Giorgio De Simoni, Omer Arif, Lucia Sorba, Francesco Giazotto

Cryogenic Hybrid Superconducting Electronics

In article 2416957, Alessandro Paghi and co-workers propose the InAs-on-Insulator (InAsOI), a new platform for developing superconducting electronics. An epilayer of semiconducting InAs with different electron densities is grown onto a cryogenic insulating InAlAs metamorphic buffer, used to decouple adjacent devices electrically. Josephson junctions with a high supercurrent density are fabricated employing Al as a superconductor and InAsOI with different electron densities.

引用次数: 0

Tailoring the Tunneling-Effect-Boosted Interfacial Charge Trapping via Effective Conjugation Length (Adv. Funct. Mater. 7/2025)

IF 18.5 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Functional Materials

Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202570038

Suhendro Purbo Prakoso, Hsun-Xien Peng, Mei-Nung Chen, Qi-An Hong, Rosari Saleh, Yu-Cheng Chiu

Interfacial Charge Trapping

The novel perception of a memory transistor based on tunneling-effect-boosted interfacial charge trapping is introduced by Yu-Cheng Chiu and co-workers in article number 2415415. The organic thin film transistor can behave like a memory device under photo-assisted programming/erasing operations, leading to the multimodal functionality of this device for in-memory computing, in-sensor computing, potentially supporting neuromorphic computing, machine learning, and AI development.

引用次数: 0

Evaporation-Induced Composition Evolution in Metal Additive Manufacturing (Adv. Funct. Mater. 7/2025)

IF 18.5 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Functional Materials

Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202570042

Lu Wang, Zixu Guo, Guochen Peng, Shiwei Wu, Yanming Zhang, Wentao Yan

Evaporation-Induced Concentration Evolution

In article number 2412071, Wentao Yan and co-workers systematically elucidate the composition evolution in the molten pool during metal additive manufacturing (MAM), its impact on mechanical properties, and the possibility of cracking. This study provides practical techniques to solve the critical issue of evaporation-induced composition evolution and to further optimize alloy design for MAM in the future.

引用次数: 0

Photothermal-Electric Excited Droplet Multibehavioral Manipulation (Adv. Funct. Mater. 7/2025)

IF 18.5 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Advanced Functional Materials

Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202570041

Xueshan Jing, Huawei Chen, Xiaopeng Shang, Liwen Zhang, Song Zhao, Xinzhao Zhou, Xiaolin Liu, Zelinlan Wang, Yan Wang, Wenxin Du, Yurun Guo, Lei Jiang

Droplet Manipulation

In article number 2410612, Huawei Chen and co-workers develop a new optical-thermal-electrical multifunctional manipulation platform through the novel concept of configurating pyroelectric crystal surface, achieving loss-free droplet manipulation with integration of various functions, including attraction, repulsion, positioning, splitting and mixing. This platform offers a promising strategy for well-controlled manipulation of liquids and is expected to possess a broader application in chemical and biomedical areas.

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