Ternary liquid-like thermoelectric materials have garnered significant attention due to their ultra-low lattice thermal conductivity. Among these, Ag8SnSe6 stands out for its exceptionally low sound velocity and thermal conductivity. However, the inherent poor electrical conductivity and suboptimal thermoelectric properties of Ag8SnSe6 necessitate further improvement. Here, a novel approach is initiated to enhance the thermoelectric properties of Ag8SnSe6 by combining low-dimensionalization with intrinsic doping. For the first time, this work successfully synthesizes single-phase Ag8SnSe6 nanocrystals, ≈10 nm in size, with the correct phase and composition using a robust and reliable colloidal method. This approach represents a significant improvement over previous reports on this material. Reducing the crystal domains of Ag8SnSe6 to the nanoscale induces quantum confinement effects, increasing the density of states near the Fermi surface. It also introduces additional grain boundaries, which lower the lattice thermal conductivity and simplify structural design. Moreover, incorporating small amounts of Sn nanopowder into the Ag8SnSe6 nanocrystals before consolidation further enhances the thermoelectric performance. Sn acts as a donor dopant, increasing the electronic concentration while at the same time improving their mobility by reducing interface barriers, thus significantly improving the material transport properties. Additionally, the presence of Sn leads to the formation of point defects, dislocations, and secondary phases, which increase phonon scattering and further reduce the thermal conductivity. Through this synergistic optimization, the figure of merit shows a significant increase across a wide temperature range. Overall, a strategy is presented for the controlled preparation of Ag8SnSe6 nanocrystals, the decoupling of their electrical and thermal transport, and the practical application of this material to thermoelectric single-leg modules.
{"title":"Low-Dimensional Structure Modulation in Ag8SnSe6 for Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance","authors":"Xueke Zhao, Mengyao Li, Mochen Jia, Christine Fiedler, Bingfei Nan, Dongwen Yang, Lei Li, Zicheng Yuan, Hongzhang Song, Yu Liu, Maria Ibáñez, Ziyu Wang, Chongxin Shan, Andreu Cabot","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202421449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202421449","url":null,"abstract":"Ternary liquid-like thermoelectric materials have garnered significant attention due to their ultra-low lattice thermal conductivity. Among these, Ag<sub>8</sub>SnSe<sub>6</sub> stands out for its exceptionally low sound velocity and thermal conductivity. However, the inherent poor electrical conductivity and suboptimal thermoelectric properties of Ag<sub>8</sub>SnSe<sub>6</sub> necessitate further improvement. Here, a novel approach is initiated to enhance the thermoelectric properties of Ag<sub>8</sub>SnSe<sub>6</sub> by combining low-dimensionalization with intrinsic doping. For the first time, this work successfully synthesizes single-phase Ag<sub>8</sub>SnSe<sub>6</sub> nanocrystals, ≈10 nm in size, with the correct phase and composition using a robust and reliable colloidal method. This approach represents a significant improvement over previous reports on this material. Reducing the crystal domains of Ag<sub>8</sub>SnSe<sub>6</sub> to the nanoscale induces quantum confinement effects, increasing the density of states near the Fermi surface. It also introduces additional grain boundaries, which lower the lattice thermal conductivity and simplify structural design. Moreover, incorporating small amounts of Sn nanopowder into the Ag<sub>8</sub>SnSe<sub>6</sub> nanocrystals before consolidation further enhances the thermoelectric performance. Sn acts as a donor dopant, increasing the electronic concentration while at the same time improving their mobility by reducing interface barriers, thus significantly improving the material transport properties. Additionally, the presence of Sn leads to the formation of point defects, dislocations, and secondary phases, which increase phonon scattering and further reduce the thermal conductivity. Through this synergistic optimization, the figure of merit shows a significant increase across a wide temperature range. Overall, a strategy is presented for the controlled preparation of Ag<sub>8</sub>SnSe<sub>6</sub> nanocrystals, the decoupling of their electrical and thermal transport, and the practical application of this material to thermoelectric single-leg modules.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142981870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Medical implants, important consumables, significantly promote patients’ healthcare, but still face challenges of foreign body responses and bacterial infection. Hydrogels can be ideal alternative materials, however, a few of them can meet the requirements. Herein, a TAFe@PVA photothermal hydrogel integrating with negative swelling, long-term stability, antibacterial, anti-adhesion, and tissue mechanical matching is developed to solve these issues. The TAFe@PVA hydrogel is crosslinked by H-bonds and microcrystal domains which both can be enhanced by cations or anions based on Hofmeister effect, showing unique negative swelling and long-term mechanical self-enhancement performances in the physiological fluid. Attributing to self-polymerization of tannic acid (TA) and negative swelling of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) molecular networks, TAFe complexes can be strongly locked in PVA molecular networks, reaching long-term photothermal stability. The TAFe@PVA hydrogel also exhibits great biocompatibility, anti-oxidation, anti-adhesion, and anti-bacterial performances, comparing to the traditional implant material. Since the TAFe@PVA hydrogel can better match with skin tissues, fewer macrophages and myofibroblasts are activated, which depresses unexpected foreign body responses. Finally, the TAFe@PVA hydrogel as the implant can effectively solve abdominal adhesions after abdominal operation and promote defects healing. This study introduces a promising hydrogel implant, which potentially extends hydrogels to wider medical applications.
{"title":"Negative Swelling and Mechanical Self-Enhancement TAFe@PVA Photothermal Hydrogel Mediated Via Semi-Crystallization for Medical Implants","authors":"Qingrong Zhang, Sicen He, Ailian Mei, Wei Xia, Yunchang Cao, Zeying Zhang, Jiezhi Jia, Jiacai Yang, Jiangfeng Li, Gaoxing Luo, Zheng Li","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202423048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202423048","url":null,"abstract":"Medical implants, important consumables, significantly promote patients’ healthcare, but still face challenges of foreign body responses and bacterial infection. Hydrogels can be ideal alternative materials, however, a few of them can meet the requirements. Herein, a TAFe@PVA photothermal hydrogel integrating with negative swelling, long-term stability, antibacterial, anti-adhesion, and tissue mechanical matching is developed to solve these issues. The TAFe@PVA hydrogel is crosslinked by H-bonds and microcrystal domains which both can be enhanced by cations or anions based on Hofmeister effect, showing unique negative swelling and long-term mechanical self-enhancement performances in the physiological fluid. Attributing to self-polymerization of tannic acid (TA) and negative swelling of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) molecular networks, TAFe complexes can be strongly locked in PVA molecular networks, reaching long-term photothermal stability. The TAFe@PVA hydrogel also exhibits great biocompatibility, anti-oxidation, anti-adhesion, and anti-bacterial performances, comparing to the traditional implant material. Since the TAFe@PVA hydrogel can better match with skin tissues, fewer macrophages and myofibroblasts are activated, which depresses unexpected foreign body responses. Finally, the TAFe@PVA hydrogel as the implant can effectively solve abdominal adhesions after abdominal operation and promote defects healing. This study introduces a promising hydrogel implant, which potentially extends hydrogels to wider medical applications.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142981862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khoa Dang Tran, Thanh Hai Nguyen, Duy Thanh Tran, Abhisek Majumdar, Van An Dinh, Thi Thuy Nga Ta, Chung-Li Dong, Nam Hoon Kim, Joong Hee Lee
A bifunctional electrocatalyst is developed, exhibiting high catalytic activity and reversibility for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) through a regulative Fe d-orbital engineering strategy. In this strategy, iron phthalocyanine organic molecule (FeOM) crystals are axially coordinated onto multilayer Mo2CTx MXene (FeOM-Mo2CTx), adopting a lying-down conformation. This hybridization fosters unique electronic guest–host interactions, with FeOM donating charge to Mo2CTx via Fe−O bonding, leading to symmetry breaking in electronic distribution and modified delocalization of Fe-3d charge, accompanied by a Fe(II) spin-state transition. These transformations enhance the adsorption and desorption toward oxygenated intermediates, optimizing the *OOH−*O transition to boost the reversibility of ORR and OER kinetics. The FeOM-Mo2CTx exhibits a favorable ORR half-wave potential of 0.961 V and a minimal OER overpotential of 349 mV at 10 mA cm−2 in 1.0 m KOH. The assembled aqueous zinc-air battery (ZAB) achieves a peak power density of 155.3 mW cm−2 and exceptional charge–discharge durability over 1500 h, outperforming a conventional (Pt/C + RuO2) system. Overall, the findings underscore the significance of electronic structural engineering of FeOM with Mo2CTx, paving the way for innovative air cathodes in the development of rechargeable ZABs with enhanced performance and cost-effectiveness.
{"title":"Regulative Fe-3d Orbitals via Lying-Down Conformation of Metalorganic Molecules-Axially Coordinated MXene for Rechargeable Zn–Air Batteries","authors":"Khoa Dang Tran, Thanh Hai Nguyen, Duy Thanh Tran, Abhisek Majumdar, Van An Dinh, Thi Thuy Nga Ta, Chung-Li Dong, Nam Hoon Kim, Joong Hee Lee","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202422254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202422254","url":null,"abstract":"A bifunctional electrocatalyst is developed, exhibiting high catalytic activity and reversibility for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) through a regulative Fe d-orbital engineering strategy. In this strategy, iron phthalocyanine organic molecule (FeOM) crystals are axially coordinated onto multilayer Mo<sub>2</sub>CT<sub>x</sub> MXene (FeOM-Mo<sub>2</sub>CT<sub>x</sub>), adopting a lying-down conformation. This hybridization fosters unique electronic guest–host interactions, with FeOM donating charge to Mo<sub>2</sub>CT<sub>x</sub> via Fe−O bonding, leading to symmetry breaking in electronic distribution and modified delocalization of Fe-3d charge, accompanied by a Fe(II) spin-state transition. These transformations enhance the adsorption and desorption toward oxygenated intermediates, optimizing the <sup>*</sup>OOH−<sup>*</sup>O transition to boost the reversibility of ORR and OER kinetics. The FeOM-Mo<sub>2</sub>CT<sub>x</sub> exhibits a favorable ORR half-wave potential of 0.961 V and a minimal OER overpotential of 349 mV at 10 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> in 1.0 <span>m</span> KOH. The assembled aqueous zinc-air battery (ZAB) achieves a peak power density of 155.3 mW cm<sup>−2</sup> and exceptional charge–discharge durability over 1500 h, outperforming a conventional (Pt/C + RuO<sub>2</sub>) system. Overall, the findings underscore the significance of electronic structural engineering of FeOM with Mo<sub>2</sub>CT<sub>x</sub>, paving the way for innovative air cathodes in the development of rechargeable ZABs with enhanced performance and cost-effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142981861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Formamidinium (FA)-based Sn-Pb perovskite demonstrates superior thermal stability, making it well-suited for all-perovskite tandem solar cells. However, the uncontrolled crystallization process remains a significant challenge. In this study, an effective strategy is presented to regulate the crystallization of FA-based Sn-Pb perovskite by incorporating perfluoroanionic surfactant (perfluorohexanesulfonic acid potassium salt, F13C6SO3K) into the perovskite precursor. The multifunctional sites of F13C6SO3K, including F atoms and SO3− groups, interact with perovskite components to stabilize the colloidal distribution of the precursor and modulate the crystallization kinetics. This results in high-quality perovskite films with fewer defects. Consequently, the FA-based Sn-Pb perovskite solar cell (PSC) achieves a champion efficiency of 24.33%, with an open-circuit voltage of 0.895 V and a fill factor of 83.2%. After continuous heating at 65 °C for 1008 h, it still maintain 91% of its initial efficiency, which shows enhanced stability. When coupled with a wide-bandgap subcell, the all-perovskite tandem solar cell reaches a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 27.57%.
{"title":"Perfluorinated Anionic Surfactant Assisted Homogeneous Crystallization for Efficient and Stable Formamidinium-Based Sn-Pb Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Tengfei Kong, Yinjiang Liu, Zihan Zhao, Weiting Chen, Peng Gao, Dongqin Bi","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202421416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202421416","url":null,"abstract":"Formamidinium (FA)-based Sn-Pb perovskite demonstrates superior thermal stability, making it well-suited for all-perovskite tandem solar cells. However, the uncontrolled crystallization process remains a significant challenge. In this study, an effective strategy is presented to regulate the crystallization of FA-based Sn-Pb perovskite by incorporating perfluoroanionic surfactant (perfluorohexanesulfonic acid potassium salt, F<sub>13</sub>C<sub>6</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>K) into the perovskite precursor. The multifunctional sites of F<sub>13</sub>C<sub>6</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>K, including F atoms and SO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> groups, interact with perovskite components to stabilize the colloidal distribution of the precursor and modulate the crystallization kinetics. This results in high-quality perovskite films with fewer defects. Consequently, the FA-based Sn-Pb perovskite solar cell (PSC) achieves a champion efficiency of 24.33%, with an open-circuit voltage of 0.895 V and a fill factor of 83.2%. After continuous heating at 65 °C for 1008 h, it still maintain 91% of its initial efficiency, which shows enhanced stability. When coupled with a wide-bandgap subcell, the all-perovskite tandem solar cell reaches a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 27.57%.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142981869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Injectable shape-memory materials represent a promising solution for managing severe bleeding from deep, inaccessible wounds. However, many existing expandable hemostats consist of randomly porous networks and often exhibit inadequate liquid absorption, non-degradability, and potential cytotoxicity, which limits their effectiveness in hemostasis and wound repair. To overcome these challenges, this study introduces an anisotropic hemostatic cryogel, SALC, featuring oriented macroporous channels made from biocompatible polymers (poly(ethylene glycol), gelatin, and lignin) through a simple one-step cryo-structuration process. This structural alignment provides the cryogel with low water flow resistance, efficient fluid transport, and rapid shape recovery. SALC demonstrates superior liquid adsorption and retention, in vitro tamponade sealing, and pro-coagulant properties compared to commercial gelatin sponges and XSTAT, along with favorable biocompatibility and biodegradability. The hemostatic efficacy of SALC surpasses clinically used counterparts in rat models of liver perforation and femoral artery transection. Remarkably, SALC achieves effective hemostasis in porcine models of severe hepatic, femoral artery, and cardiac injuries. Additionally, this anisotropic cryogel supports liver tissue regeneration by promoting cell migration and angiogenesis while mitigating inflammatory responses. The cryogel is also lightweight and easy to carry and implement. Overall, SALC shows promising clinical applications for treating severe hemorrhages and improving wound healing.
{"title":"Anisotropic Shape-Memory Cryogel with Oriented Macroporous Channel for Hemorrhage Control and Tissue Generation","authors":"Zheng Pan, Gang He, Yiwen Xian, Qiqi Huang, Shuqi Li, Huangting Li, Chong Zhang, Decheng Wu","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202422957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202422957","url":null,"abstract":"Injectable shape-memory materials represent a promising solution for managing severe bleeding from deep, inaccessible wounds. However, many existing expandable hemostats consist of randomly porous networks and often exhibit inadequate liquid absorption, non-degradability, and potential cytotoxicity, which limits their effectiveness in hemostasis and wound repair. To overcome these challenges, this study introduces an anisotropic hemostatic cryogel, SALC, featuring oriented macroporous channels made from biocompatible polymers (poly(ethylene glycol), gelatin, and lignin) through a simple one-step cryo-structuration process. This structural alignment provides the cryogel with low water flow resistance, efficient fluid transport, and rapid shape recovery. SALC demonstrates superior liquid adsorption and retention, in vitro tamponade sealing, and pro-coagulant properties compared to commercial gelatin sponges and XSTAT, along with favorable biocompatibility and biodegradability. The hemostatic efficacy of SALC surpasses clinically used counterparts in rat models of liver perforation and femoral artery transection. Remarkably, SALC achieves effective hemostasis in porcine models of severe hepatic, femoral artery, and cardiac injuries. Additionally, this anisotropic cryogel supports liver tissue regeneration by promoting cell migration and angiogenesis while mitigating inflammatory responses. The cryogel is also lightweight and easy to carry and implement. Overall, SALC shows promising clinical applications for treating severe hemorrhages and improving wound healing.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142975499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wencheng Niu, Xuming Zou, Lin Tang, Tong Bu, Sen Zhang, Bei Jiang, Mengli Dang, Xitong Hong, Chao Ma, Penghui He, Peng Zhou, Xingqiang Liu, Lei Liao
Floating gate (FG) memory can store data for decades without a power supply. Herein, high-performance MoS2 FG transistors with stable operations are demonstrated, in which a van der Waals (vdW) gap is constructed between tunnelling oxide layer and channel to prevent the leakage. The atomic FG structure is one-step formed from HfS2 flake by ozone treatment while the supersaturated oxygen at the interface affords to the vdW gap. The vdW gap MoS2 FG transistors exhibit stable operations after 21 days, ultralow leakage current (0.1 fA µm−1), excellent retention capability >105 s, high on/off ratio of 107, and desirable cycling endurance performance (>1000 cycles). Configurable logic-in-memory devices are accomplished with multi-gated structures through multi-level programming operations, which is modulated by different electrostatic potential on the FG stack. NAND and NOR output logic sequences are generated. The designed FG memory is promising for developing in-memory computing systems.
{"title":"Van der Waals Gap Enabled Robust Retention of MoS2 Floating-Gate Memory for Logic-In-Memory Operations","authors":"Wencheng Niu, Xuming Zou, Lin Tang, Tong Bu, Sen Zhang, Bei Jiang, Mengli Dang, Xitong Hong, Chao Ma, Penghui He, Peng Zhou, Xingqiang Liu, Lei Liao","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202422120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202422120","url":null,"abstract":"Floating gate (FG) memory can store data for decades without a power supply. Herein, high-performance MoS<sub>2</sub> FG transistors with stable operations are demonstrated, in which a van der Waals (vdW) gap is constructed between tunnelling oxide layer and channel to prevent the leakage. The atomic FG structure is one-step formed from HfS<sub>2</sub> flake by ozone treatment while the supersaturated oxygen at the interface affords to the vdW gap. The vdW gap MoS<sub>2</sub> FG transistors exhibit stable operations after 21 days, ultralow leakage current (0.1 fA µm<sup>−1</sup>), excellent retention capability >10<sup>5</sup> s, high on/off ratio of 10<sup>7</sup>, and desirable cycling endurance performance (>1000 cycles). Configurable logic-in-memory devices are accomplished with multi-gated structures through multi-level programming operations, which is modulated by different electrostatic potential on the FG stack. NAND and NOR output logic sequences are generated. The designed FG memory is promising for developing in-memory computing systems.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142975495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seungjae Lee, Youngoh Lee, Cheolhong Park, Yun Goo Ro, Min Sub Kwak, Geonyoung Jeong, Junseo Park, Hyejin Lee, Pan Kyeom Kim, Sung‐Il Chung, Hyunhyub Ko
In the field of wearable electronics and human–machine interfaces, there is a growing need for highly sensitive and adaptable sensors capable of detecting a wide range of stimuli with high precision. Traditional sensors often lack the versatility to adjust their sensitivity for different applications. Inspired by the mechanosensory system of spiders, a shape‐reconfigurable crack‐based sensor with ultrahigh and tunable strain sensitivity based on the precise control of nanocrack formation on a shape memory polymer substrate is demonstrated. This design incorporates a line‐patterned substrate composed of a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) matrix and thermo‐responsive shape memory polymer, poly(lactic acid) (PLA), to form parallel nanocracks in a thin platinum film. This design achieves an ultrahigh gauge factor of 2.7 × 109 at 2% strain, significantly surpassing conventional sensors. The shape memory property of the TPU/PLA substrate enables tunable strain sensitivity according to the desired strain range, eliminating the need for multiple sensors. The sensor demonstrates exceptional capabilities in detecting subtle strains (as low as 0.025%), monitoring biological signals, and sensing acoustic waves (100–20 000 Hz) with a response time of 0.025 ms. This work represents a significant advancement toward strain sensors with both ultrahigh and tunable sensitivity.
{"title":"Shape‐Reconfigurable Crack‐Based Strain Sensor with Ultrahigh and Tunable Sensitivity","authors":"Seungjae Lee, Youngoh Lee, Cheolhong Park, Yun Goo Ro, Min Sub Kwak, Geonyoung Jeong, Junseo Park, Hyejin Lee, Pan Kyeom Kim, Sung‐Il Chung, Hyunhyub Ko","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202421812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202421812","url":null,"abstract":"In the field of wearable electronics and human–machine interfaces, there is a growing need for highly sensitive and adaptable sensors capable of detecting a wide range of stimuli with high precision. Traditional sensors often lack the versatility to adjust their sensitivity for different applications. Inspired by the mechanosensory system of spiders, a shape‐reconfigurable crack‐based sensor with ultrahigh and tunable strain sensitivity based on the precise control of nanocrack formation on a shape memory polymer substrate is demonstrated. This design incorporates a line‐patterned substrate composed of a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) matrix and thermo‐responsive shape memory polymer, poly(lactic acid) (PLA), to form parallel nanocracks in a thin platinum film. This design achieves an ultrahigh gauge factor of 2.7 × 10<jats:sup>9</jats:sup> at 2% strain, significantly surpassing conventional sensors. The shape memory property of the TPU/PLA substrate enables tunable strain sensitivity according to the desired strain range, eliminating the need for multiple sensors. The sensor demonstrates exceptional capabilities in detecting subtle strains (as low as 0.025%), monitoring biological signals, and sensing acoustic waves (100–20 000 Hz) with a response time of 0.025 ms. This work represents a significant advancement toward strain sensors with both ultrahigh and tunable sensitivity.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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