Advanced Materials Interfaces最新文献

Silicon emerges as a candidate for advancing lithium ion batteries with important roles in various applications ranging from portable electronics to electric vehicles. However, despite its theoretical capacities silicon faces challenges such as unstable cycling and limited rate performance. This thorough review examines developments in improving the electrochemical performance of silicon and graphene within the context of lithium ion batteries. The focus lies on strategies for designing and synthesizing composite materials that incorporate silicon particularly when combined with graphene. Structural aspects like particle size, morphology and porosity are carefully optimized to harness the potential of silicon based anodes and graphene. The review highlights the effects resulting from these tailored design approaches, including key factors such as capacity retention, cycling stability and rate capability of the resulting anode materials. By exploring these design paradigms this review offers a comprehensive perspective on the transformative capabilities of silicon, graphene and silicon/graphene composites. It does not highlights recent advancements but also outlines future directions for innovation and practical applications. This compilation of progress contributes to the understanding of how silicon based anodes, in lithium ion batteries have evolved from small-scale implementations to catalyzing advancements in energy utilization.

Carbon cloth shows potential for flexible energy storage electrodes but encounters challenges such as low specific capacitance and limited wettability. This study addresses these limitations by fabricating a highly conformal coating of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) around 3D carbon fibers via the oxidative chemical vapor deposition (oCVD) method, employing antimony pentachloride (SbCl₅) as the oxidant. The oCVD stands out as a robust manufacturing technique for fabricating highly conformal conducting polymer films on porous structures, ensuring the preservation of geometric features and the maintenance of active sites for redox reactions. The resulting PEDOT-coated carbon cloth electrodes exhibit improved pseudocapacitance and specific capacitance compared to their pristine counterparts. Particularly, oCVD PEDOT-coated carbon cloth fabricated at various deposition temperatures exhibit a substantial 1.5- to 2.3-fold enhancement in specific capacitance compared to pristine carbon cloth. The highest specific capacitance (170.94 F g⁻¹) is attained in the oCVD PEDOT-coated carbon cloth fabricated at a deposition temperature of 80 °C, representing a 2.3-fold enhancement over its pristine counterpart. The PEDOT-coated carbon cloths demonstrate lower charge transfer resistance compared to their pristine counterparts, further confirming their superior electrochemical performance. This investigation highlights oCVD's effectiveness in fabricating highly conformal PEDOT coating on carbon cloth electrodes for electrochemical energy storage devices.

In the present work, PdRu@mSiO₂ bimetallic core-shell nanoreactors (NRs) are synthesized for the first time by a fine-tuning one-pot method. The obtained NRs are evaluated in the reduction of nitroarenes using 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene (1-Cl-4-NB), 4-nitrotoluene (4-NT) and 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) as reagents. The mesoporous PdRu@mSiO₂ NRs with a Pd1:Ru1 molar ratio present a homogenous spherical morphology with a single nucleus per capsule. Various techniques confirm the formation of Pd-Ru alloy. The bimetallic NRs show higher catalytic activity and stability compared with the reference catalysts (free and supported nanoparticles (NPs)) and with those reported in the literature. The order of catalytic activity for studied nitroarene compounds is 4-NP>1-Cl-4-NB>2,4-DNP>4-NT. The catalytic activity of NRs is affected by inter and intramolecular interactions between the reagent molecules. The one-pot method of NRs synthesis is low-cost and effective, with possible application in the catalytic reduction of various hazardous materials.

Surgical Site Infections

In article 2400053, Krasimir Vasilev, Vi Khanh Truong, Youhong Tang, and co-workers introduce a novel antibacterial coating that integrates plasma polymerization with aggregation-induced emission photosensitizers to selectively eradicate pathogenic bacteria through light-triggered reactive oxygen species generation, presenting a promising approach to combat antibiotic resistance and reduce the global burden of surgical site infections.

The unique properties of solid acid electrolytes, in particular CsH₂PO₄, are in many ways ideal for fuel cell operation. However, the technology is constrained by high cathode overpotentials. Here a simplified cathode geometry is employed to obtain the fundamental electrochemical parameters (exchange current density and charge transfer coefficient) describing the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the CsH₂PO₄-Pt-gas interface. The parameters are incorporated into a 1D model of the voltage–current characteristics of realistic SAFC cathodes, which reproduced the measured polarization behavior of such cathodes without recourse to fitting adjustable parameters. Following this validation, the model is utilized to evaluate the impact of changes to cathode properties, microstructure, and operating conditions. Of these, the charge transfer coefficient, measured to have a value of ≈0.6 for ORR on Pt in the SAFC cathode environment, is found to have the greatest impact on power output. Nevertheless, even without material modifications, a combination of microstructural and operational modifications are identified with projected performance metrics meeting Department of Energy targets (0.8 V at 300 mA cm⁻², and peak power density of 1 W cm⁻²), albeit at high Pt loadings. However, the analysis indicates that truly meaningful advances will likely necessitate the discovery of alternative ORR catalysts.