Energy and Buildings最新文献_第7页

Using Comparative Life-Cycle Assessment (CLCA) as An early decision design Tool: Analysis of environmental impacts of retrofit or reconstruction 使用比较生命周期评价（CLCA）作为早期决策设计工具：改造或重建的环境影响分析

IF 6.7 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Energy and Buildings

Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2026.117006

Shireen Bader Alqadi, Lana M.Z. Abu Munshar, Sameeha M.S. Hushlamoun, Maesa Hushlamoun

引用次数: 0

New spectral transmittance models for nanofluids and their application in energy-efficient windows 纳米流体的新光谱透过率模型及其在节能窗户中的应用

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Energy and Buildings

Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2026.117019

Xianli Li , Jintao Guo , Wanxiang Yao , Yongzhu Zhou , Yan Wang , Weiyou Guo , Chao Liu , Dahu Lin

Conventional glazing systems often lack effective spectral selectivity, leading to excessive cooling energy consumption during the cooling season. Nanofluidic windows have attracted significant attention due to their unique optical and thermal tunability. This study investigated the optical characteristics of nanofluids and evaluated the energy-saving potential of nanofluid windows. First, the wavelength-dependent transmittance of Al₂O₃, SiC, SiO₂, CuO, TiO₂, and ZnO nanofluids in the 250–2500 nm range was experimentally analyzed. Subsequently, the New Spectral Transmittance (NST) models were developed to identify nanofluids suitable for energy-efficient window applications. The effects of concentration and particle size on the spectral transmittance of CuO nanofluid were further investigated. The results indicated that CuO nanofluid with a concentration of 10 ppm and a particle size of 100 nm exhibited optimal performance. To account for the dynamic effect of solar incidence angle, the Incidence Angle Transmittance Modification (IATM) model was developed to correct the related errors. Furthermore, a Relative Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (RSHGC) model was developed for accurate prediction of the Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC). Finally, the application of nanofluid windows was simulated. Simulations demonstrated that using CuO nanofluid windows can reduce cooling energy consumption during the cooling season by 10.15%. This provides a scientific basis for applying nanofluidic technology in building energy conservation.

传统的玻璃系统往往缺乏有效的光谱选择性，导致过多的冷却能量消耗在冷却季节。纳米流体窗口由于其独特的光学和热可调性而引起了人们的广泛关注。研究了纳米流体的光学特性，评价了纳米流体窗口的节能潜力。首先，实验分析了Al2O3、SiC、SiO2、CuO、TiO2和ZnO纳米流体在250 ~ 2500 nm范围内随波长变化的透过率。随后，开发了新的光谱透射率（NST）模型，以确定适合节能窗口应用的纳米流体。进一步研究了CuO纳米流体的浓度和粒径对其光谱透过率的影响。结果表明，浓度为10 ppm、粒径为100 nm的CuO纳米流体性能最佳。为了考虑太阳入射角的动态影响，建立了入射角透射率修正（IATM）模型来修正相关误差。在此基础上，建立了相对太阳热增益系数（RSHGC）模型，实现了对太阳热增益系数（SHGC）的精确预测。最后，模拟了纳米流体窗口的应用。仿真结果表明，采用CuO纳米流体窗可使制冷季的制冷能耗降低10.15%。这为纳米流体技术在建筑节能中的应用提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

AI-powered automated building façade segmentation and BIPV system potential prediction using CycleGAN and PVGIS 基于CycleGAN和PVGIS的人工智能自动建筑立面分割和BIPV系统潜力预测

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Energy and Buildings

Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2026.117020

Mohammed Sadeq, Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki, Md Zia Ullah, Nazmi Sellami

Building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) represents a promising pathway for advancing urban sustainability. Accurately identifying suitable façade surfaces is essential for maximising opportunities for BIPV integration. This study develops a novel AI-powered framework based on Cycle-Consistent Generative Adversarial Network (CycleGAN) to segment building façade regions suitable for BIPV installation. The developed unsupervised learning approach enables unpaired image-to-image translation between real-world facades and their corresponding segmentation masks, thus eliminating the need for pixel-level annotations, reducing reliance on manually labelled datasets, and minimising system sizing time. The resulting façade segmentation mask was post-processed and used as input to PVGIS, accessed via its application programming interface (API) through Python for energy yield prediction, while PVsyst simulation was employed for PVGIS validation. A case study conducted in Edinburgh (Lat/Lon 55.933, −3.213) for a south-facing façade demonstrated the model’s ability to identify 81 m2 of usable BIPV areas, representing 41.55% of the total surface. The CycleGAN model achieved an intersection over union (IoU) of 0.78 and a Dice coefficient of 0.88, confirming stable adversarial learning. The end-to-end processing time per façade image ranged from 2 to 5 s. The results showed close agreement between both tools, with annual energy generation values of 11.8 MWh (PVGIS) and 11.5 MWh (PVsyst), corresponding to a relative deviation of approximately 2.5%. The findings highlight the practicality, scalability, and cost-effectiveness of integrating AI-façade segmentation with energy simulation tools for early-stage BIPV assessment. This integrated workflow provides a foundation for urban BIPV planning and pre-feasibility studies, supporting innovative renewable integration within city infrastructure.

建筑集成光伏（BIPV）代表了促进城市可持续发展的一条有前途的途径。准确识别合适的表面对于最大化BIPV集成的机会至关重要。本研究开发了一种基于周期一致生成对抗网络（CycleGAN）的新型人工智能驱动框架，用于分割适合BIPV安装的建筑边缘区域。开发的无监督学习方法支持在真实世界的外观及其相应的分割掩码之间进行不配对的图像到图像的转换，从而消除了对像素级注释的需要，减少了对手动标记数据集的依赖，并最大限度地减少了系统调整时间。将得到的farade分割掩码进行后处理并作为PVGIS的输入，通过Python通过其应用编程接口（API）进行发电量预测，同时使用PVsyst仿真进行PVGIS验证。在爱丁堡（Lat/Lon 55.933,−3.213）进行的一个朝南立面的案例研究表明，该模型能够识别81平方米的可用BIPV面积，占总表面的41.55%。CycleGAN模型实现了0.78的交联（IoU）和0.88的Dice系数，证实了稳定的对抗学习。端到端处理时间从2秒到5秒不等。结果显示，两种工具之间非常吻合，年发电量分别为11.8 MWh （PVGIS）和11.5 MWh (PVsyst)，相对偏差约为2.5%。研究结果强调了将ai - farade分割与能源模拟工具集成用于早期BIPV评估的实用性、可扩展性和成本效益。这种集成的工作流程为城市BIPV规划和预可行性研究提供了基础，支持创新的可再生能源在城市基础设施中的整合。

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引用次数: 0

Thermal management performance enhancement of polyimide aerogel phase change composites and their application in fire early-warning 聚酰亚胺气凝胶相变复合材料热管理性能增强及其在火灾预警中的应用

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Energy and Buildings

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2026.117014

Hongyang Li , Zhan Liu , Ming Niu , Changda Nie , Zelin Guo , Menghan Li , Zhonghao Rao

Phase change materials (PCMs) have exhibited significant potential for thermal management in buildings, but their widespread application is hindered by inherent drawbacks including leakage, low thermal conductivity, and flammability. To simultaneously address these issues, this study designed a novel multifunctional composite PCM based on polyimide (PI) aerogel. The PI aerogel was prepared by a polycondensation reaction into poly(amic acid), followed by freeze-drying and thermal imidization. Octadecane (OD) was then encapsulated within this matrix using vacuum impregnation to form the phase change composite (PI@OD). To improve the composite performance, amino-functionalized carbon nanotubes (ACNT) were integrated into the aerogel. The PI@OD composites were characterized via thermophysical property and microstructural tests. Results demonstrate that the PI@OD-5 (containing 5 wt% ACNT) exhibits insignificant leakage after 6 h heating at 80 ℃. It possesses a high latent heat of 163.3 J/g and shows a 47.19 % enhancement in thermal conductivity compared with the pristine PI aerogel. The composite also shows superior flame retardancy. Its peak heat release rate and total heat release are significantly reduced by 80.2 % and 68.1 % compared with pure OD. Moreover, the integration of ACNT enables an ultra-fast fire warning response within merely 3.5 s upon flame exposure, drastically outperforming conventional alarm systems (∼100 s). This work successfully integrates efficient thermal management, robust flame retardancy, and rapid fire-warning into a single composite, presenting a promising and innovative solution for developing energy-efficient and fire-safe building envelopes.

相变材料（PCMs）在建筑热管理方面显示出巨大的潜力，但其广泛应用受到其固有缺陷的阻碍，包括泄漏、低导热性和易燃性。为了同时解决这些问题，本研究设计了一种基于聚酰亚胺（PI）气凝胶的新型多功能复合PCM。以聚胺酸为原料，通过缩聚反应制备PI气凝胶，然后进行冷冻干燥和热亚酰化。然后利用真空浸渍将十八烷（OD）封装在该基体中，形成相变复合材料（PI@OD）。为了提高气凝胶的复合性能，将氨基功能化碳纳米管（ACNT）集成到气凝胶中。通过热物性和显微组织测试对PI@OD复合材料进行了表征。结果表明，PI@OD-5（含5 wt% ACNT）在80℃下加热6 h后，渗漏不明显。它具有163.3 J/g的高潜热，与原始PI气凝胶相比，导热系数提高了47.19%。该复合材料还表现出优异的阻燃性。与纯OD相比，其峰值放热率和总放热率分别降低了80.2%和68.1%。此外，ACNT的集成可在火焰暴露后仅3.5秒内实现超快速火灾警报响应，大大优于传统报警系统（约100秒）。这项工作成功地将高效的热管理、强大的阻燃性和快速火灾警报集成到一个复合材料中，为开发节能和防火的建筑围护结构提供了一个有前途的创新解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

TSDAM: A time-series domain adaptation model for building energy prediction under data scarcity 数据稀缺条件下建筑能耗预测的时序域自适应模型

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Energy and Buildings

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2026.117017

Meijuan Lei, Yi Wang, Yu Zhan

Accurate building energy prediction (BEP) is essential for effective energy management. However, current deep learning-based BEP approaches often show poor generalizability across different building types and rely heavily on large, high-quality datasets, resulting in significant performance drops in data-limited conditions. To address these limitations, we present a time-series domain adaptation model (TSDAM) designed to enable cross-building generalization using limited data from the target domain.

TSDAM employs transfer learning (TL) by combining: 1) a hierarchical feature extraction and temporal dependency module for multi-scale and temporally aware energy representation, and 2) a Gaussian stochastic domain adapter (GSDA). GSDA uses adversarial training to learn domain-invariant features, supporting robust adaptation to novel domains.

Extensive experiments conducted on the BuildingDataGenome 2 dataset, which includes six building types under mild, heavy, and extreme data scarcity conditions, confirm the effectiveness of TSDAM. It consistently surpasses baseline and comparison models. Specifically, under extreme data scarcity across six building types, TSDAM achieves an average mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 14.0%, outperforming BiLSTM (39.8%), domain-adversarial neural network (DANN) (28.3%), seasonal and trend transfer learning (ST-TL) (17.8%), CEEMDAN-SE-EC-BiLSTM (CSEB) (21.5%), and deep ensemble autoregressive hybrid model (DE-AR) (21.8%).

准确的建筑能源预测是有效的能源管理的基础。然而，当前基于深度学习的BEP方法通常在不同建筑类型中表现出较差的泛化性，并且严重依赖于大型高质量数据集，导致在数据有限的条件下性能显著下降。为了解决这些限制，我们提出了一个时间序列域自适应模型（TSDAM），旨在利用目标域的有限数据实现交叉构建泛化。TSDAM采用迁移学习（TL）： 1)多尺度和时间感知能量表示的分层特征提取和时间依赖模块，2)高斯随机域适配器（GSDA）。GSDA使用对抗训练来学习领域不变特征，支持对新领域的鲁棒自适应。在BuildingDataGenome 2数据集（包括轻度、重度和极端数据稀缺条件下的六种建筑类型）上进行的大量实验证实了TSDAM的有效性。它始终超过基线和比较模型。在6种建筑类型的极端数据稀缺情况下，TSDAM的平均绝对百分比误差（MAPE）为14.0%，优于BiLSTM（39.8%）、领域对抗神经网络（DANN）（28.3%）、季节和趋势迁移学习（ST-TL）（17.8%）、CEEMDAN-SE-EC-BiLSTM (CSEB)（21.5%）和深度集成自回归混合模型（DE-AR）（21.8%）。

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引用次数: 0

Simulation study on adjustable bifacial photovoltaic louvers balancing building energy saving, power generation and view 平衡建筑节能、发电与观景的可调双面光伏百叶的仿真研究

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Energy and Buildings

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2026.117024

Chunying Li , Jixing Xie , Haida Tang , Cuimin Li , Wentao Shang , Pei Zhou

Photovoltaic (PV) shading technology, which uses PV modules as sun-shading elements, combines shading with clean power generation and represents a zero-carbon building development trend. Bifacial PV louvers use high-efficiency bifacial modules to realize renewable energy utilization and indoor light/thermal environment regulation. A multi-purpose operation strategy is proposed, balancing the requirements of renewable power generation, building energy saving, and landscape view of building occupants. Accordingly, three scenarios, i.e., PV power generation priority, shading priority and lighting&heating priority, are established to adjust the PV louvers angle based on building usage patterns and meteorological conditions with the prevention of visual obstruction taken into consideration. A numerical model is developed to assess the electrical and energy performance of this adjustable bifacial PV louvers, with the assist of Rhino-Grasshopper simulation platform. The results demonstrate that by applying the PV louvers system to a typical office in Shenzhen with hot summer and warm winter climate, the annual energy consumption for air-conditioning can be reduced by 5.5%. Meanwhile, annual PV generation reaches 5795.8–6046.1 kWh, roughly offsetting the cooling demand. The levelized cost of electricity ranges from 0.52 to 0.54 CNY/kWh, indicating near grid parity performance.

光伏（PV）遮阳技术以光伏组件为遮阳元件，将遮阳与清洁发电相结合，代表了零碳建筑的发展趋势。双面光伏百叶采用高效双面组件，实现可再生能源利用和室内光/热环境调节。提出了一种多目标运行策略，平衡可再生能源发电、建筑节能和建筑居住者景观景观的要求。据此，建立光伏发电优先、遮阳优先和照明供暖优先三种场景，根据建筑使用方式和气象条件，在防止视觉障碍的前提下，调整光伏百叶角度。在Rhino-Grasshopper仿真平台的帮助下，开发了一个数值模型来评估这种可调双面光伏百叶的电气和能源性能。结果表明，在夏季炎热、冬季温暖的深圳某典型办公环境中，采用光伏百叶系统可使空调年能耗降低5.5%。同时，年光伏发电量达到5795.8-6046.1千瓦时，大致抵消了制冷需求。平准化电价为0.52 ~ 0.54元/千瓦时，接近平价上网。

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引用次数: 0

A top-down approach in developing embodied carbon caps: Case study of the Irish residential sector 发展隐含碳上限的自上而下的方法：爱尔兰住宅部门的案例研究

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Energy and Buildings

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2026.117026

Song Ge , David Styles , Conan O’Ceallaigh , Patrick J. McGetrick

Ireland’s built environment contributes approximately 37 % to national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, with a 3:2 ratio from the residential to non-residential sector. A series of measures, including regulation changes and energy retrofit grants, mean that operational GHG emissions are expected to decrease, whereas the disclosure and cap requirements for upstream GHG emissions, or “embodied carbon” (EC), are still under development. With some nations worldwide already regulating and restricting EC from building projects, a broadly applicable top-down approach is proposed to develop upfront EC caps for new housing construction in Ireland. The top-down approach applies two methods, grandfathering and utility-principle, to allocate national carbon budgets to the upfront stage of new houses. For countries without national carbon budgets, suggestions are given for determining and downscaling the global carbon budget to national levels. In comparison, the generated caps from two methods show similar average values. The grandfathering method suggests 292 and 194 kg CO₂eq/m² for 2024–2025 and 2026–2030, respectively, while 284 and 188 kg CO₂eq/m² are suggested by the utility-principle method for the same periods respectively. However, the utility-principle method generates larger uncertainty than the grandfathering method due to a more pronounced response to the 2008 global financial crisis. Following the potential investigation of some strategies to meet the proposed caps, it is found that efficient compliance with the caps necessitates implementation of multiple strategies. Finally, despite some uncertainty, the proposed caps underscore the critical imperative of reducing upfront EC in the Irish residential sector. Current challenges associated with implementing EC mitigation strategies are also highlighted.

爱尔兰的建筑环境对全国温室气体（GHG）排放量的贡献约为37%，住宅与非住宅部门的比例为3:2。包括法规变更和能源改造拨款在内的一系列措施意味着，预计运营温室气体排放量将减少，而上游温室气体排放或“隐含碳”（EC）的披露和上限要求仍在制定中。由于世界上一些国家已经对建筑项目中的EC进行了监管和限制，因此建议采用一种广泛适用的自上而下的方法，为爱尔兰的新住房建设制定预先的EC上限。自上而下的方法采用两种方法，祖父法和效用原则，将国家碳预算分配到新房子的前期阶段。对于没有国家碳预算的国家，提出了确定全球碳预算并将其缩小到国家层面的建议。相比之下，两种方法生成的上限显示出相似的平均值。祖父法建议2024-2025年和2026-2030年期间分别为292和194 kg CO2eq/m2，效用-原理法建议同期分别为284和188 kg CO2eq/m2。然而，由于对2008年全球金融危机的反应更为明显，效用原则法比祖父法产生了更大的不确定性。在对满足拟议上限的一些策略进行潜在调查后，发现有效遵守上限需要实施多种策略。最后，尽管存在一些不确定性，但拟议的上限强调了减少爱尔兰住宅部门预付EC的关键必要性。还强调了目前与实施EC缓解战略有关的挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental study of a solar active space heating system with cascaded PCM energy storage for sustainable off-grid use in cold climates 具有级联PCM储能的太阳能主动空间供暖系统在寒冷气候下的离网可持续使用实验研究

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Energy and Buildings

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2026.117003

Pushpendra Kumar Shukla , Ajit Kumar , P. Anil Kishan

This study presents the development, experimental evaluation, and performance analysis of a solar thermal active space heating system integrated with a dual-stage latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) unit for sustainable space heating in remote cold regions. The system incorporates a low-cost solar air heater, an evacuated tube solar water heater, and a spiral heat exchanger-based thermal battery containing cascaded organic phase change materials (OM42 and OM65). Designed for low-power off-grid applications, the system leverages Arduino-based control to regulate heating modes and ensure thermal comfort (20–25 °C) in sub-zero ambient conditions with electricity consumption under 200 W. Experimental testing conducted under real Himalayan winter conditions demonstrate temperature gains of up to 20 °C above ambient, with passive and active PCM discharge extending heating operation well into nighttime. The system achieved thermal efficiencies in the range of 45–65 % and COP-like energy delivery ratios above 15, highlighting its potential to decouple thermal demand from real-time solar availability. The results establish the proposed solar-PCM hybrid system as a scalable, low-cost, and effective solution for renewable heating in energy-deprived or off-grid areas.

本研究介绍了一种结合双级潜热蓄热（LHTES）装置的太阳能热主动式空间采暖系统的开发、实验评估和性能分析，用于偏远寒冷地区的可持续空间采暖。该系统包括一个低成本的太阳能空气加热器，一个真空管太阳能热水器，和一个螺旋热交换器为基础的热电池包含级联有机相变材料（OM42和OM65）。该系统专为低功耗离网应用而设计，利用基于arduino的控制来调节加热模式，并确保在零下环境条件下的热舒适（20-25°C），功耗低于200w。在真实的喜马拉雅冬季条件下进行的实验测试表明，温度增益高达20°C以上的环境，被动和主动PCM放电延长加热操作到夜间。该系统实现了45 - 65%的热效率，类似cop的能量输出比超过15，突出了其将热需求与实时太阳能可用性分离的潜力。研究结果表明，所提出的太阳能- pcm混合系统是一种可扩展的、低成本的、有效的解决方案，适用于能源匮乏或离网地区的可再生供暖。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of fresh air parameters on thermal comfort and particulate matter removal in floor-heated rooms during winter 新风参数对冬季地暖室内热舒适及颗粒物去除的影响

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Energy and Buildings

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2026.117015

Huang Yuandong, Wang Zijia, Li Bin, Cui Pengyi, Luo Yang

With urban residents spending over 80% of time indoors, optimizing indoor air quality and thermal comfort in heated environments has become crucial. However, the interaction between fresh air systems and floor heating systems remains poorly understood, particularly concerning their combined effects on particulate removal and thermal comfort. This study systematically examines how supply air temperature (10–20°C) and supply angle (30–90°) influence the thermal environment and particulate matter (0.1–2.5 μm) distribution in floor-heated rooms under displacement (DV) and mixing ventilation (MV) modes, employing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations that are validated by experimental data. The research findings indicate that the efficiency of particulate removal is primarily dependent on the supply angle rather than the supply temperature, with a 90° angle proving optimal for DV systems. Furthermore, DV with 20°C supply air at a 90° achieves superior thermal comfort despite localized temperature stratification. On the other hand, MV demonstrates better performance for smaller particles (0.1–1.9 μm) at specific angle-temperature combinations, while DV excels for all particle sizes at a 90° supply angle. Additionally, the minimum ratio of breathing-zone to exhaust concentrations (RBE) values occur at different angles for MV (30°) and DV (90°). These results provide critical insights for designing energy-efficient ventilation systems that simultaneously ensure thermal comfort and effective particulate control in floor-heated buildings, particularly relevant for cold climate regions.

随着城市居民在室内的时间超过80%，优化室内空气质量和热环境的热舒适变得至关重要。然而，新风系统和地板采暖系统之间的相互作用仍然知之甚少，特别是关于它们对颗粒去除和热舒适的综合影响。本研究系统研究了在置换（DV）和混合通风（MV）模式下，送风温度（10-20°C）和送风角度（30-90°）对地暖室内热环境和颗粒物（0.1-2.5 μm）分布的影响，采用计算流体动力学（CFD）模拟，并通过实验数据进行了验证。研究结果表明，颗粒去除效率主要取决于供应角度而不是供应温度，其中90°角度证明了DV系统的最佳效果。此外，即使局部温度分层，20°C 90°送风的DV也能实现优越的热舒适性。另一方面，MV在特定角度-温度组合下对小颗粒（0.1-1.9 μm）表现出更好的性能，而DV在90°供电角下对所有粒径的颗粒都表现出优异的性能。此外，最小呼吸区与排气浓度之比（RBE）值出现在MV（30°）和DV（90°）的不同角度。这些结果为设计节能通风系统提供了重要的见解，同时确保地板加热建筑的热舒适性和有效的颗粒控制，特别是与寒冷气候地区相关。

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引用次数: 0

Performance optimization of parametric hexagonal façade openings for natural ventilation and cooling load reduction in high-rise buildings 参数化六角形立面开口对高层建筑自然通风和降低冷负荷的性能优化

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Energy and Buildings

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2026.117021

Sanam Aeinfar, Nuri Serteser

This study explores the potential of parametric façade openings to enhance natural ventilation and reduce cooling loads in high-rise office buildings. These buildings often experience stagnation zones on the windward façade, typically at mid-height, where airflow divides upward and downward. Focusing on the floor intersecting the stagnation point, the study investigates how aperture design and spatial distribution can optimize airflow and thermal comfort during warm seasons. A multi-stage methodology was employed, combining CFD analysis (ANSYS Fluent) to identify façade pressure zones, with seasonal energy simulations conducted in EnergyPlus through the Honeybee interface, and generative parametric modeling in Grasshopper. Various hexagonal aperture configurations were assessed based on air change rates (ACH), operative temperature, and cooling energy use intensity (EUI). The results indicate that aperture distribution has a notable influence on ventilation performance and indoor comfort. Among the four tested configurations, the edge-to-center (EC) scenario, which represents a gradient distribution where the size and porosity of openings increase from the façade edges toward the center, achieved the highest comfort percentage and a notable reduction in cooling EUI compared to the least effective scenario. These findings demonstrate that strategic, static aperture design can effectively balance passive airflow and thermal comfort without relying on complex dynamic systems, offering a scalable solution for climate-responsive façade strategies in high-rise buildings.

本研究探讨了参数化立面开口在高层办公建筑中增强自然通风和减少冷负荷的潜力。这些建筑通常在迎风面遇到停滞区，通常在中等高度，气流向上和向下划分。以驻点相交的地板为研究对象，探讨了在暖季中，如何通过孔径设计和空间分布来优化气流和热舒适。采用多阶段方法，结合CFD分析（ANSYS Fluent）来识别farade压力区，通过Honeybee接口在EnergyPlus中进行季节性能量模拟，并在Grasshopper中进行生成参数化建模。根据空气变化率（ACH）、工作温度和冷却能量使用强度（EUI）评估了不同的六角形孔径配置。结果表明，孔径分布对通风性能和室内舒适度有显著影响。在四种测试配置中，边缘到中心（EC）方案，即开口的大小和孔隙度从正面边缘向中心增加的梯度分布，与最不有效的方案相比，获得了最高的舒适度百分比，并显著降低了冷却EUI。这些研究结果表明，战略性的静态孔径设计可以有效地平衡被动气流和热舒适，而不依赖于复杂的动态系统，为高层建筑的气候响应式立面策略提供了可扩展的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0