Energy and Buildings最新文献_第5页

Urban Residents’ purchase intention for green buildings in five emerging First-Tier cities in China: A hybrid SEM–ANN approach 中国五个新兴一线城市城市居民绿色建筑购买意愿：SEM-ANN混合方法

IF 6.7 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Energy and Buildings

Pub Date : 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2026.117109

Tingjia Cai, Weng Wai Choong, Siaw Chui Wee, Ting Xu

引用次数: 0

Drivers of urban street blocks thermal pleasure: SHAP interpretation of psychological, environmental perception, and microclimate factors 城市街道热愉悦的驱动因素：心理、环境感知和微气候因素的SHAP解释

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Energy and Buildings

Pub Date : 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2026.117115

Xiaodong Xuan , Ru Liu , Zixu Zhang , Leiming Yang , Yihe Zheng , Yongjian Liu

The perception of thermal pleasure in urban outdoor spaces is crucial for enhancing winter livability. However, existing research has primarily focused on physiological thermal comfort, leaving the mechanisms by which environmental factors influence thermal pleasure unclear. There remains a lack of systematic analysis regarding the roles of psychological perception and environmental perception. This study proposes a multidimensional synergistic framework, “Street Block Built Environment-Microclimate-Psychological Perception”, to clarify the nonlinear driving mechanisms of thermal pleasure in winter urban street blocks, integrating ML with the Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method. Utilizing 1140 questionnaire datasets and concurrently measured microclimate parameters (Ta, RH, Va, SR) from six street blocks in Hefei, nine machine learning (ML) models were trained and compared. The Extra Trees (ET) model was selected as optimal (AUC = 0.968, average F1 = 87%) for interpretation. Key findings include: The contribution of psychological perception (e.g., preference degree, overall satisfaction) to thermal pleasure significantly exceeds that of microclimate parameters and built environment perception. Threshold intervals of winter microclimate were identified: SR (164.29–568.61 W/m²), Ta (2–7.70°C), Va (<0.69 m/s), and RH (32.66–58.08%) positively enhance thermal pleasure, whereas extreme values trigger discomfort. The pleasantness of the built environment is governed by the “pleasure threshold effect”. Specifically, built environment elements—including service facilities and green coverage—can only drive further improvements in pleasantness after the psychological point is reached, thereby intensifying the thermal pleasure experience. This study innovatively constructs a human-centered thermal comfort theory, providing quantitative decision support for strengthening winter street blocks’ psychological perception, optimizing microclimates, and designing spatial forms.

城市室外空间的热愉悦感对于提高冬季宜居性至关重要。然而，现有的研究主要集中在生理热舒适上，环境因素影响热愉悦的机制尚不清楚。关于心理知觉和环境知觉的作用，目前还缺乏系统的分析。本研究将ML与Shapley加性解释（SHAP）方法相结合，提出了一个多维协同框架“街区建筑环境-微气候-心理感知”来阐明冬季城市街区热愉悦的非线性驱动机制。利用合肥市6个街区1140份问卷数据集和同时测量的小气候参数（Ta、RH、Va、SR），对9个机器学习（ML）模型进行了训练和比较。选择Extra Trees （ET）模型作为最优解释模型（AUC = 0.968，平均F1 = 87%）。主要发现包括：心理感知（如偏好程度、总体满意度）对热愉悦的贡献显著超过小气候参数和建筑环境感知。冬季小气候的阈值区间为：SR （164.29-568.61 W/m2）、Ta（2-7.70°C）、Va （0.69 m/s）和RH（32.66-58.08%）正增强热愉悦感，极值则引发不适。建筑环境的愉悦性受“愉悦阈值效应”支配。具体来说，建筑环境要素——包括服务设施和绿色覆盖——只有在达到心理点后才能进一步提高舒适性，从而加强热愉悦体验。本研究创新性地构建了以人为本的热舒适理论，为加强冬季街区的心理感知、优化微气候、设计空间形态提供定量决策支持。

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引用次数: 0

Incentivizing Spatiotemporal Flexibility Trading among Buildings to Mitigate the Supply-demand Mismatch 激励建筑间的时空灵活性交易以缓解供需不匹配

IF 6.7 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Energy and Buildings

Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2026.117100

Haoran Liu, Yohei Yamaguchi, Weimin Wu, Yanting Huang, Qixing Liu, Shunbo Lei

引用次数: 0

Developing an adaptive thermostat control algorithm for occupant-centric demand response in residential buildings 开发以居民为中心的住宅需求响应自适应恒温控制算法

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Energy and Buildings

Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2026.117114

Z. Khorasani Zadeh , M. Ouf , B. Gunay , B. Delcroix , G. Larochelle Martin

In cold-climate regions such as Quebec, Canada, electric heating imposes substantial strain on the power grid during winter peak hours. To manage this load and ensure grid stability, utilities have adopted thermostat-based direct load control (DLC) programs as a demand-side management solution. Conventional static DLC strategies often underperform in practice because they fail to account for diverse occupant comfort preferences and varying building thermal characteristics. This mismatch results in high override rates, reduces the potential of peak demand reduction, and leads to user dissatisfaction. This study contributes to addressing this gap by proposing an adaptive, occupant-centric thermostat control algorithm that dynamically adjusts preheating and setback strategies during DLC events based on real-time observations of occupant overrides and zone-level heating system runtime. Notably, the algorithm operates without requiring prior knowledge of occupant type or building properties. Using EnergyPlus simulations and its Python API across various scenarios combining two occupant profiles (prefer warmer/cooler) and two envelope types (good/poor envelope), the algorithm iteratively refines control parameters by learning from zone-level thermal and behavioural response patterns. Compared to static DLC, the adaptive strategy reduces peak demand for space heating by up to 72%, depending on house type and occupant behaviour, minimizes overrides, and lowers electricity costs, with savings ranging from $77 to $126 per winter under Québec’s dynamic pricing. By tailoring control parameters to both user tolerance and building thermal inertia, the algorithm supports context-aware demand shifting, whether through deeper or shallower setbacks or reduced or enhanced preheating, without compromising occupant comfort.

在像加拿大魁北克这样的寒冷气候地区，在冬季用电高峰时段，电供暖给电网带来了巨大的压力。为了管理这一负荷并确保电网稳定，公用事业公司采用了基于恒温器的直接负荷控制（DLC）程序作为需求侧管理解决方案。传统的静态DLC策略在实践中往往表现不佳，因为它们不能考虑到不同的乘员舒适偏好和不同的建筑热特性。这种不匹配导致高覆盖率，降低峰值需求减少的潜力，并导致用户不满。本研究通过提出一种自适应的、以乘员为中心的恒温控制算法来解决这一问题，该算法可以根据对乘员覆盖和区域级供暖系统运行时间的实时观察，在DLC事件期间动态调整预热和后退策略。值得注意的是，该算法不需要事先了解居住者类型或建筑物属性。通过EnergyPlus模拟及其Python API，该算法结合了两种居住者特征（更喜欢温暖/寒冷）和两种信封类型（好/差信封），通过学习区域级别的热量和行为响应模式，迭代地优化控制参数。与静态DLC相比，根据房屋类型和居住者的行为，自适应策略将空间供暖的峰值需求减少了72%，最大限度地减少了覆盖，并降低了电力成本，在quacembec的动态定价下，每个冬天节省的费用从77美元到126美元不等。通过根据用户容忍度和建筑热惯性定制控制参数，该算法支持上下文感知的需求变化，无论是通过更深或更浅的挫折，还是减少或加强预热，都不会影响乘员的舒适度。

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引用次数: 0

A novel hydroponic roof system for the energy renovation of flat roofs in the Mediterranean area 一种用于地中海地区平屋顶能源改造的新型水培屋顶系统

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Energy and Buildings

Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2026.117124

V. Costanzo , M. Detommaso , G. Evola , F. Nocera , M. Mistretta , S. Longo

This study introduces and validates a novel Deep Water Culture hydroponic roof system as a building-integrated solution for enhancing indoor thermal conditions and energy efficiency in Mediterranean climates. Unlike conventional green roofs, the proposed system removes the soil layer and uses a water-based nutrient solution that simultaneously supports plant growth and acts as a thermal energy buffer. A full-scale prototype was experimentally tested on an existing office building in Catania (Italy); based on the experimental data, transient thermal modelling is then undertaken with TRNSYS to simulate the prototype with different roof configurations.

Results show that the hydroponic roof reduces indoor peak temperatures by up to 2.8 °C in the summer, increases them by 2.4 °C in the winter and shifts heat flux peaks by up to 16 h. Annual simulations indicate energy savings of 47% for space cooling and 51% for space heating, too. The DWC hydroponic roof demonstrates strong potential as a relatively lightweight, passive retrofit technology combining urban agriculture and building decarbonization.

本研究介绍并验证了一种新的深水文化水培屋顶系统，作为一种建筑集成解决方案，用于改善地中海气候下的室内热条件和能源效率。与传统的绿色屋顶不同，该系统去除了土层，并使用水基营养液，同时支持植物生长并充当热能缓冲。全尺寸原型在卡塔尼亚（意大利）的一座现有办公楼上进行了实验测试；在实验数据的基础上，利用TRNSYS软件对不同顶板构型的原型进行了瞬态热模拟。结果表明，水培屋顶在夏季可将室内峰值温度降低2.8°C，在冬季可将室内峰值温度提高2.4°C，并将热通量峰值缩短16小时。年度模拟表明，空间制冷节能47%，空间供暖节能51%。DWC水培屋顶作为一种将城市农业和建筑脱碳相结合的相对轻便的被动式改造技术，展示了强大的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

A study on the influence mechanism of residents’ willingness to participate in the carbon generalised system of preferences from a configuration perspective 配置视角下居民碳广义偏好体系参与意愿的影响机制研究

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Energy and Buildings

Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2026.117105

Liu Xingmin , Zhang Xiaoxue , Qin Beibei , Ma Yinghao , Liu Jingrui

The Carbon Generalised System of Preferences (CGSP) is an institutional innovation strategy designed to promote low-carbon behaviours at the individual level. China’s CGSP remains in its embryonic stages of development. Although the CGSP has been launched in several Chinese cities, the level of public participation has not yet met expectations, thus affecting its sustainable operations. Individual willingness to participate in CGSP is a critical factor determining the effective implementation of this approach. This study applies grounded theory to identify factors influencing the desire to participate in CGSP and constructs a theoretical model of these influencing factors. Subsequently, the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method is employed to examine the configurational effects of multiple factors and their causal mechanisms. Research indicates that the elements impacting residents’ willingness to participate in CGSP are complex, encompassing social norms, incentives, psychological cognition, self-regulation, demographic characteristics, and the convenience and reliability of CGSP platforms. The fsQCA analysis identified four pathways indicating a high willingness to participate in CGSP among residents, along with three pathways reflecting a low willingness to participate. Based on these findings, this paper analysed which combinations of influencing factors are more effective in furthering residents’ willingness to participate in CGSP. This study evaluates the multiple concurrent factors and causal mechanisms underlying residents’ intentions to engage in CGSP from a configuration perspective. It enhances industry decision-makers’ understanding of such behavioural intentions and offers practical recommendations for fostering CGSP.

碳普遍优惠制度（CGSP）是一项制度创新战略，旨在促进个人层面的低碳行为。中国的CGSP仍处于萌芽阶段。虽然CGSP已经在中国的几个城市启动，但公众参与的水平还没有达到预期，从而影响了它的可持续运行。个人参与CGSP的意愿是决定该方法有效实施的关键因素。本研究运用扎根理论识别影响CGSP参与意愿的因素，并构建这些影响因素的理论模型。随后，采用模糊集定性比较分析（fsQCA）方法对多因素的配置效应及其因果机制进行了研究。研究表明，影响居民参与CGSP意愿的因素是复杂的，包括社会规范、激励机制、心理认知、自我调节、人口统计学特征以及CGSP平台的便利性和可靠性。fsQCA分析确定了居民中参与CGSP的高意愿的四条途径，以及反映低意愿的三条途径。在此基础上，本文分析了哪些影响因素的组合更有效地促进了居民参与社区服务计划的意愿。本研究从配置的角度，评估了居民参与CGSP意愿的多重并发因素及其因果机制。它提高了行业决策者对这种行为意图的理解，并为促进企业综合服务计划提供了实用建议。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing thermal comfort in highly automated vehicles: An AI-Based HVAC management approach with radiant panels for winter conditions 优化高度自动化车辆的热舒适性：冬季条件下基于人工智能的辐射板HVAC管理方法

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Energy and Buildings

Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2026.117113

Manuel Kipp, Ruya Wang, Klaus Bengler

This paper presents an AI-based model for optimizing heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) settings to improve thermal comfort in electric vehicles under winter conditions and to estimate the associated power consumption. Unlike conventional HVAC systems that primarily rely on convective heating, the investigated concept combines convective airflow with nine radiant heating panels to enhance comfort and energy efficiency. Equivalent temperature (ET) was employed as an objective thermal comfort metric, and an XGBoost (Extreme Gradient Boosting) model was trained to predict ET for 16 body regions, achieving a high accuracy (coefficient of determination

R^{2} = 0.96

). A Random Forest model was applied to relate fan speed and damper settings to mass flow. Validation experiments confirmed that the optimized HVAC settings maintained thermal comfort, with at least 50% of local body regions and 100% of upper and lower body averages within the neutral comfort zone. The approach demonstrated potential power savings of up to 240 W compared to convection-dominant strategies. These findings highlight the potential of combining AI with hybrid HVAC concepts to improve passenger comfort and reduce energy consumption in future automated electric vehicles.

本文提出了一种基于人工智能的模型，用于优化供暖、通风和空调（HVAC）设置，以改善冬季条件下电动汽车的热舒适性，并估算相关的功耗。与主要依赖对流加热的传统暖通空调系统不同，研究的概念将对流气流与九个辐射加热板结合起来，以提高舒适度和能源效率。采用等效温度（ET）作为客观热舒适指标，并训练XGBoost （Extreme Gradient Boosting）模型预测16个身体区域的ET，准确度较高（决定系数R2=0.96）。采用随机森林模型将风扇转速和阻尼器设置与质量流量联系起来。验证实验证实，优化后的暖通空调设置保持了热舒适，至少50%的局部身体区域和100%的上半身和下半身平均处于中性舒适区。与对流占优策略相比，该方法可节省高达240 W的潜在功率。这些发现强调了将人工智能与混合暖通空调概念相结合的潜力，以提高未来自动驾驶电动汽车的乘客舒适度并降低能耗。

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引用次数: 0

Active-passive coupling in building design: a review of parameter interactions for energy performance and thermal and visual comfort 建筑设计中的主动式被动耦合：对能源性能和热与视觉舒适的参数相互作用的回顾

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Energy and Buildings

Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2026.117099

Qicong Wu , Yang Ni , Zhou Fang , Shenghua Liu , Yi Jiang

The building sector faces the dual challenge of minimizing energy consumption while maintaining indoor environmental quality in the face of escalating global climate change and urbanization. Active-passive coupling offers a promising solution by combining the advantages of passive and active design. However, most studies evaluate passive strategies and active systems in isolation, failing to quantify trade-offs between free-running and air-conditioned periods and the passive impact on the active system. To bridge this gap, this paper presents a systematic review and statistical analysis of 152 publications from 2010 to 2024. It examines the interaction mechanisms of five design categories, including building configuration, transition space, spatial organization, enclosure structure, and working conditions. Key findings reveal that static parameters often exhibit conflicts between different periods, whereas dynamic strategies or parameters effectively resolve these contradictions. The study concludes that active–passive coupling design requires the zoning and real-time switching of building operation modes across both spatial and temporal dimensions. Existing studies still lack integration of building energy simulation with transient computational fluid dynamics, the synergistic effects between vertical and horizontal spatial organization, and control logic integrated with occupant behavior. This study establishes an active–passive coupling framework, constructs a dynamic-static parameters integration method, formulates decision-making guidance, and identifies future research directions, offering actionable insights for architects and engineers to achieve robust, low-energy, and comfortable building design.

面对不断升级的全球气候变化和城市化，建筑行业面临着最大限度地减少能源消耗，同时保持室内环境质量的双重挑战。主-被动耦合结合了被动和主动设计的优点，提供了一个很有前途的解决方案。然而，大多数研究孤立地评估被动策略和主动系统，未能量化自由运行和空调时段之间的权衡以及被动对主动系统的影响。为了弥补这一差距，本文对2010年至2024年的152篇出版物进行了系统回顾和统计分析。它考察了五个设计类别的相互作用机制，包括建筑配置，过渡空间，空间组织，围护结构和工作条件。研究发现，静态参数在不同时期之间经常出现冲突，而动态策略或参数可以有效地解决这些矛盾。研究认为，主动式被动耦合设计需要在空间和时间维度上对建筑运行模式进行分区和实时切换。现有研究还缺乏将建筑能量模拟与瞬态计算流体力学相结合、垂直和水平空间组织之间的协同效应以及与居住者行为相结合的控制逻辑。本研究建立了主被动耦合框架，构建了动静态参数集成方法，制定了决策指导，确定了未来的研究方向，为建筑师和工程师实现稳健、低能耗、舒适的建筑设计提供了可操作的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Bio-jaali: Reimagining vernacular passive cooling screens with mycelium-based composites Bio-jaali：用菌丝体为基础的复合材料重新构想本土被动冷却屏幕

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Energy and Buildings

Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2026.117104

Kumar Biswajit Debnath , Natalia Pynirtzi , Jane Scott , Colin Davie , Ben Bridgens

Climate change and severe urban heat stress in South Asian megacities are driving an amplified reliance on energy-intensive air conditioning, necessitating urgent low-carbon cooling solutions. This study addresses this challenge by reinterpreting the traditional jaali, a perforated passive-cooling screen, using mycelium-based composites (MBCs) to create a novel, climate-responsive, low-carbon façade system: bio-jaali. We assessed the performance of the bio-jaali through a holistic approach, combining historical climate data analysis (New Delhi, 1991–2019), dynamic building energy simulations, and laboratory bio-fabrication and hygrothermal testing. This integrated methodology is a key achievement, bridging materials science with dynamic simulation to improve building-scale performance. The climate analysis revealed a 60% increase in ‘danger-level’ heat-stress hours over the 28 years. Dynamic simulation results showed that replacing the conventional sandstone jaali with the bio-jaali yielded substantial thermal benefits: a 3.5°C (10%) reduction in the annual average indoor operative temperature and a drop in peak summer indoor temperatures by up to 14.8°C. Consequently, the annual cooling energy demand was lowered by 50.4%. Furthermore, laboratory cyclic humidity tests demonstrated the MBCs’ potential for evaporative cooling, confirming they remained dimensionally stable (<3% change) while absorbing up to 17.2% moisture. The bio-jaali is highlighted as a culturally rooted, bio-based solution that significantly reduces reliance on active cooling. This research contributes new knowledge on the building-scale performance, climate adaptability, and cyclic hygrothermal stability of MBC facades. We position the bio-jaali as a robust prototype for integrating passive and adaptive thermal regulation, advancing circular construction practices for sustainable architecture in heat-stressed urban environments.

南亚特大城市的气候变化和严重的城市热压力正在加大对能源密集型空调的依赖，迫切需要低碳制冷解决方案。这项研究通过重新诠释传统的jaali（一种穿孔的被动冷却屏幕）来解决这一挑战，使用菌丝体复合材料（MBCs）来创造一种新颖的、气候响应的、低碳的faalade系统：生物jaali。我们通过综合历史气候数据分析（1991-2019年新德里）、动态建筑能源模拟、实验室生物制造和湿热测试等整体方法评估了生物贾里的性能。这种综合方法是一项关键成就，将材料科学与动态模拟联系起来，以提高建筑规模的性能。气候分析显示，28年来，“危险级别”的热应激时间增加了60%。动态模拟结果表明，用生物鸡泥代替传统的砂岩鸡泥产生了巨大的热效益：室内年平均工作温度降低3.5°C(10%)，夏季室内峰值温度下降高达14.8°C。因此，年制冷能源需求降低了50.4%。此外，实验室循环湿度测试证明了MBCs的蒸发冷却潜力，证实它们在吸收高达17.2%的水分时保持尺寸稳定（变化3%）。bio-jaali被强调为一种根植于文化的、基于生物的解决方案，可以显著减少对主动冷却的依赖。这项研究为MBC立面的建筑尺度性能、气候适应性和循环湿热稳定性提供了新的知识。我们将生物贾里定位为集成被动和适应性热调节的强大原型，推进热应力城市环境中可持续建筑的循环建筑实践。

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引用次数: 0

Reduction of heating energy demand by combining IR heaters and IR reflective walls: An experimental study 通过结合红外加热器和红外反射墙减少加热能源需求：一项实验研究

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Energy and Buildings

Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2026.117112

Lukas Anselm Wille , Björn Schiricke , Kai Gehrke , Tobias Dehne , Bernhard Hoffschmidt

In this study, we build upon previous simulation research that advocates the use of infrared (IR) heaters in conjunction with IR reflective interior walls to meet heating demand in buildings. This combination allows the walls to reflect the heat emitted by the IR heaters back to the occupants in a room, rather than absorbing the radiation. As a result, the radiant temperature increases and the air temperature can be lowered in order to maintain constant thermal comfort and to reduce heat loss through the building envelope. We conducted experiments in a climate chamber to isolate the effects of four factors on thermal comfort: the heating power of IR heaters, the IR emittance of the interior walls, the interior wall surface temperature, and the air temperature. The emittance was modified by applying an increasing number of adhesive aluminium foil stripes. Heat conduction through the wall to the outside is not part of this study. To minimize the number of required experiments, we employed a Central Composite Design, from which we derived a response surface function. The experimental results confirm a correlation between wall emittance and occupant thermal comfort in a room, particularly at higher IR heater power levels. The Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) value increases at lower wall emittance (corresponding to higher radiant temperatures), highlighting the potential for energy savings through reduced air temperatures. However, the observed impact of low emittance surfaces on the PMV is less pronounced than previously estimated in simulation studies.

在本研究中，我们在先前的模拟研究的基础上，提倡使用红外加热器与红外反射内墙相结合，以满足建筑物的供暖需求。这种组合允许墙壁将红外加热器发出的热量反射回房间内的居住者，而不是吸收辐射。因此，辐射温度增加，空气温度可以降低，以保持恒定的热舒适，并减少通过建筑围护结构的热量损失。在气候室内进行了红外加热器加热功率、内墙红外发射率、内墙表面温度和空气温度四个因素对热舒适的影响实验。通过增加粘贴铝箔条纹的数量来改变发射度。通过墙壁到外部的热传导不是本研究的一部分。为了尽量减少所需实验的数量，我们采用了中心复合设计，并从中得出了响应面函数。实验结果证实了墙体发射度与室内人员热舒适之间的相关性，特别是在较高的红外加热器功率水平下。预测平均投票（PMV）值在较低的墙壁发射度（对应于较高的辐射温度）下增加，突出了通过降低空气温度节省能源的潜力。然而，观测到的低发射率表面对PMV的影响不如以前在模拟研究中估计的那么明显。

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引用次数: 0