IF 9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.133801

Quan Zhang , Bin Qin , Naijun Zhou , Jingwen Lin , Jiaxu Hao , Zhaijun Lu

Accidental leakage is one of the major safety issues in the carbon capture and storage project (CCS), which may pose a significant danger to pipelines, containers and surrounding crowd. It is necessary to study the leakage behavior of high−pressure CO₂, providing data support for the risk assessment of CO₂ leakage. In this paper, the accidental leakage of high−pressure CO₂ is simulated by releasing CO₂ from a storage tank, aiming to understand the transient characteristics and thermal stratification inside the tank of CO₂ leakage process. The initial CO₂ is at different initial density of 600∼1000 kg/m³ and at almost the same initial pressure of 10.8 ± 0.4 MPa. Firstly, the outlet transient characteristics and temperature evolution inside the tank are presented. Then, the variation of P−T curves and phase evolution are analyzed in detail. Finally, the leakage behavior under different initial density is described. The results show that the leakage process can be clearly divided into three stages based on the outlet pressure. The outlet pressure evolution, phase evolution and temperature distribution inside the tank are very different in these three stages. This research is of great significance for leakage risk prediction, early leakage detection and leakage hazard control.

意外泄漏是碳捕集与封存项目（CCS）的主要安全问题之一，可能对管道、容器和周围人群造成重大危害。有必要研究高压二氧化碳的泄漏行为，为二氧化碳泄漏风险评估提供数据支持。本文通过从储罐中释放 CO2 来模拟高压 CO2 的意外泄漏，旨在了解 CO2 泄漏过程的瞬态特征和罐内热分层。初始 CO2 的初始密度为 600∼1000 kg/m3，初始压力几乎相同，均为 10.8 ± 0.4 MPa。首先，介绍了罐内的出口瞬态特征和温度变化。然后，详细分析了 P-T 曲线的变化和相变。最后，描述了不同初始密度下的泄漏行为。结果表明，根据出口压力，泄漏过程可清晰地分为三个阶段。在这三个阶段中，出口压力演变、相演变和罐内温度分布都有很大不同。这项研究对于泄漏风险预测、早期泄漏检测和泄漏危害控制具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Equivalent combined cycle modeling and performance optimization for a three-heat-reservoir thermal Brownian heat transformer with external heat-transfer 带外部热传递的三蓄热式布朗热变压器的等效联合循环建模与性能优化

IF 9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.133792

Congzheng Qi , Lingen Chen , Yanlin Ge , Huijun Feng

Three-heat-reservoir (THR) heat transformers can upgrade temperature gradient of thermal energy, and lots of instructive research has been conducted in the last decades. However, study of THR heat transformer cycle theory in micro systems remains lacking. By employing macro equivalent combined cycle method, this paper builds a finite-time thermodynamic model of THR thermal Brownian heat transformer, which is a combination of a two-reservoir thermal Brownian heat pump driven by a two-reservoir thermal Brownian engine. Expressions of performance parameters are deduced, and operating temperatures and external load ratio are determined by solving heat balance equations. Maximal heating load and corresponding coefficient of performance (COP) are given by modulating external load, heat exchanger inventory allocations and barrier height synchronously, and the optimal thermal conductance allocations and optimal working temperatures are identified. Results indicate that external thermal resistances affect heat flow transmission and the coupling of combined cycle, ultimately shaping the cycle performance. Half of the overall heat exchanger inventory should be arranged in middle heat exchanger under maximal heating load objective. Heating load exhibits an extremum with respect to COP. Equivalent combined cycle modelling is an effective and efficient method for performance optimization of THR thermal Brownian heat transformers with external heat-transfer.

三热储热器（THR）热变压器可以提升热能的温度梯度，在过去几十年中已经开展了大量有启发性的研究。然而，微观系统中的热变压器循环理论研究仍然缺乏。本文采用宏观等效组合循环方法，建立了 THR 热布朗热变压器的有限时间热力学模型，该模型由一个双蓄能热布朗发动机驱动的双蓄能热布朗热泵组合而成。推导出了性能参数的表达式，并通过求解热平衡方程确定了工作温度和外部负载率。通过同步调节外部负荷、热交换器存量分配和屏障高度，给出了最大加热负荷和相应的性能系数（COP），并确定了最佳热导分配和最佳工作温度。结果表明，外部热阻会影响热流传输和联合循环的耦合，最终影响循环性能。在最大加热负荷目标下，整体热交换器库存的一半应安排在中间热交换器中。加热负荷在 COP 方面表现出极值。等效联合循环建模是优化带外部热传递的 THR 热布朗热变压器性能的有效方法。

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引用次数: 0

Multiple effects of high efficiency solid inertants on fire hazard of the accumulated Mg dust layer 高效固体惰性剂对累积镁粉尘层火灾危险的多重影响

IF 9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.133807

Fanyi Meng , Zhenmin Luo , Yingying Yu , Tao Wang , Bin Su , Chunmiao Yuan , Gang Li , Xiaochen Hou

Due to low melting and boiling points and extreme reactivity in the chemical reaction of Mg powder, inert powders that have a significant inerting effect on Mg dust clouds can cause significant combustion enhancement of the accumulated Mg dust layer. To circumvent this unforeseen fire hazard, this research selects five types of inertants that have been demonstrated to exert an inerting effect on metal dust clouds and possess a potential flame-retardant effect on Mg dust layers. This research aims to investigate the effect of inert powders on Mg dust layers to identify an efficient inerting mechanism for Mg dust layers. The results indicate that the selection of inertants for Mg dust must be based on a comprehensive evaluation of their physical and chemical properties. The presence of substances with strong decomposition and decomposition products that readily produce gases will destroy the oxide crust on the surface of the accumulated Mg dust layer, thereby causing violent gas-phase combustion. In the case of highly chemically stable substances, the melting point is of primary importance. The formation of cracks in the oxide crust is also a consequence of the higher melting point of inertants, resulting in a combustion enhancement of the mixed dust layer. Inertants with a low melting point and a high boiling point demonstrate a high degree of inerting efficiency for Mg dust layers. The melting of the inert substances forms a liquid film, which prevents the Mg powder from coming into contact with the air surrounding and within the combustion zone. The results of this research are both instructive and valuable for preventing explosions in the process industry involving metal dust materials.

由于镁粉的熔点和沸点较低，且在化学反应中具有极强的反应性，因此对镁尘云具有显著惰性作用的惰性粉末可能会导致积聚的镁尘层燃烧加剧。为了规避这种不可预见的火灾隐患，本研究选择了五种已被证实对金属粉尘云具有惰性作用，并对镁粉尘层具有潜在阻燃效果的惰性粉末。本研究旨在调查惰性粉末对镁粉尘层的影响，以确定镁粉尘层的有效惰性机制。结果表明，镁粉尘惰性剂的选择必须基于对其物理和化学特性的综合评估。具有强分解性和分解产物容易产生气体的物质会破坏积聚镁尘层表面的氧化物结壳，从而引起剧烈的气相燃烧。对于化学性质高度稳定的物质，熔点至关重要。氧化皮裂缝的形成也是惰性物质熔点较高的结果，从而导致混合粉尘层的燃烧增强。熔点低、沸点高的惰性物质对镁粉尘层具有很高的惰性效率。惰性物质熔化后会形成一层液膜，阻止镁粉与燃烧区周围和内部的空气接触。这项研究的结果对于防止加工工业中涉及金属粉尘材料的爆炸既有指导意义，也很有价值。

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引用次数: 0

Nonlinear finite-set control of clean energy systems with nuclear power application 清洁能源系统的非线性有限集控制与核电应用

IF 9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.133773

Zhe Dong, Junyi Li, Jiasen Zhang, Xiaojin Huang, Yujie Dong, Zuoyi Zhang

For clean energy systems such as wind, solar and nuclear plants, the output power is usually regulated by controlling the motion rate of actuators, e.g. the stepping motors utilized for sun tracking of solar photovoltaic panels, yaw and pitch angle positioning of wind turbines and control rod driving of nuclear reactors. By constraining the actuators' motion rates to a finite set of values, the control system of a clean energy plant can be much simplified with obvious enhancement in operation reliability but requires developing finite-set control methods correspondingly. Motivated by the benefit of adopting finite motion rates, a finite-set control method is newly proposed for the nonlinear systems describing the dynamics of clean energy plants, compensating for the quantization and saturation effects induced by adopting a finite set of motion rates while ensuring globally bounded closed-loop stability strictly under a sufficient condition. The method is applied to design a finite-set power-level control of modular high temperature reactors, demonstrating stable power-level control during a reactor ramping-down from 100 % to 50 % reactor full power (RFP) with a constant rate of 5 % RFP/min. The simulation results also indicate that under the regulation of the finite-set control law, the steady error of hot helium temperature can eliminated, and the overshoot of neutron flux and that of hot helium temperature can be reduced by approximately 66 % and 75 % through properly adjusting control parameters, providing practical insights for engineering applications.

对于风能、太阳能和核电厂等清洁能源系统，通常通过控制执行器的运动速率来调节输出功率，例如用于太阳能光伏板的太阳跟踪、风力涡轮机的偏航和俯仰角定位以及核反应堆控制棒驱动的步进电机。通过将执行器的运动速率限制为有限值集，可以大大简化清洁能源发电厂的控制系统，明显提高运行可靠性，但需要开发相应的有限集控制方法。受采用有限运动速率好处的启发，针对描述清洁能源发电厂动态的非线性系统，新提出了一种有限集控制方法，在严格保证全局有界闭环稳定性的充分条件下，补偿了采用有限集运动速率引起的量化和饱和效应。该方法被应用于设计模块化高温反应堆的有限集功率级控制，在反应堆满功率（RFP）从 100 % 下降到 50 % 的过程中，以每分钟 5 % RFP 的恒定速率实现了稳定的功率级控制。仿真结果还表明，在有限集控制法的调节下，热氦温度的稳定误差可以消除，通过适当调整控制参数，中子通量的过冲和热氦温度的过冲可以减少约 66% 和 75%，为工程应用提供了实际启示。

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引用次数: 0

Decarbonizing and offsetting emissions in the airline industry: Current perspectives and strategies 航空业的去碳化和抵消排放：当前的观点和战略

IF 9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.133809

Fadhli Wong Mohd Hasan Wong , Dlzar Al Kez , Dylan Furszyfer Del Rio , Aoife Foley , David Rooney , Mahpuzah Abai

The Sixth Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Assessment Report underscores incremental progress in climate mitigation policies since 2014. Despite these efforts, the report indicates that global temperatures are likely to surpass the critical 1.5 °C threshold within the 21st century. In this context, the aviation industry, responsible for 2.8 % of global carbon dioxide emissions, faces challenges in meeting its net-zero emissions target by 2050. Through a mixed methods approach that includes expert interviews with 12 executive staff from airlines and airports and a targeted literature review, our research provides original data on means and challenges to decarbonize the aviation industry in the SEAO region. The findings reveal that significant hurdles persist while the aviation sector is actively pursuing decarbonization strategies, such as enhancing operational efficiency, adopting effective carbon offsetting measures, and transitioning to sustainable aviation fuels. Notably, using sustainable aviation fuels holds promise, potentially reducing carbon emissions by up to 70 %. However, its current contribution to total consumed jet fuel remains below 1 %. The industry is taking steps to address this by optimizing flight paths, schedules, and making strategic investments to decrease the costs associated with sustainable aviation fuels. Our qualitative data also underscores the influence of external factors, including investor pressure, national and international regulations, and a growing demand from environmentally conscious travellers for cleaner transport alternatives. Failure from airline industries to adopt more sustainable and efficient practices could lead to increased operating costs and revenue loss as corporate clients and customers increasingly seek greener transportation options.

政府间气候变化专门委员会第六次评估报告强调了自2014年以来在气候减缓政策方面取得的逐步进展。尽管做出了这些努力，但报告指出，全球气温很可能在21世纪超过1.5 °C的临界值。在此背景下，占全球二氧化碳排放量 2.8% 的航空业在实现 2050 年净零排放目标方面面临挑战。我们的研究采用了混合方法，包括对 12 名航空公司和机场管理人员的专家访谈以及有针对性的文献综述，提供了有关东南欧地区航空业去碳化的手段和挑战的原始数据。研究结果表明，虽然航空业正在积极推行去碳化战略，如提高运营效率、采取有效的碳抵消措施以及向可持续航空燃料过渡，但仍存在重大障碍。值得注意的是，使用可持续航空燃料大有可为，有可能减少高达 70% 的碳排放。然而，目前可持续航空燃料占航空燃料总消耗量的比例仍低于 1%。航空业正在采取措施解决这一问题，优化飞行路线和时间表，并进行战略投资，以降低与可持续航空燃料相关的成本。我们的定性数据还强调了外部因素的影响，包括投资者压力、国家和国际法规，以及具有环保意识的旅客对清洁运输替代品日益增长的需求。由于企业客户和顾客越来越多地寻求更环保的运输方式，如果航空业不能采取更可持续和更高效的做法，可能会导致运营成本增加和收入损失。

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引用次数: 0

Design of high-performance binary carbonate/hydroxide Ni-based supercapacitors for photo-storage systems 设计用于光存储系统的高性能二元碳酸盐/氢氧化物镍基超级电容器

IF 9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.133593

Damin Lee , Nilanka M. Keppetipola , Dong Hwan Kim , Jong Wook Roh , Ludmila Cojocaru , Thierry Toupance , Jeongmin Kim

Silicon solar cells were used to convert solar energy into electrical energy, and a supercapacitor was designed to store this energy. To maximize the surface area of the electrodes, a three-dimensional Ni foam substrate was employed, onto which Ni-based compounds were deposited to enhance the electrochemical performance of the electrodes. Specifically, to address the conductivity reduction problem that arises when using only Ni ions, we introduced transition metal ions such as Mn, Co, Cu, Fe, and Zn to create binary compounds as electrode material. These binary metal compounds provided high electronic conductivity, structural stability, and reversible capacity, thereby optimizing the performance of the supercapacitor. As a result, the optimized NiCo(CO₃)(OH)₂ electrode demonstrated high capacity and excellent cycle stability, exhibiting an energy density of 35.5 Wh kg⁻¹ and a power density of 2555.6 W kg⁻¹ as an asymmetric supercapacitor device. Furthermore, when this device was combined directly with silicon solar cells, it achieved a storage efficiency of 63 % and an overall efficiency of 5.17 % under an illumination intensity of 10 mW cm⁻². These findings suggest the potential for commercializing high-performance self-charging energy storage devices and contribute significantly to the advancement of energy storage technology.

硅太阳能电池用于将太阳能转化为电能，而超级电容器则用于储存这些能量。为了最大限度地扩大电极的表面积，我们采用了三维泡沫镍基板，并在其上沉积了镍基化合物，以提高电极的电化学性能。具体来说，为了解决仅使用镍离子会导致电导率降低的问题，我们引入了过渡金属离子，如锰、钴、铜、铁和锌，以创建二元化合物作为电极材料。这些二元金属化合物具有高电子传导性、结构稳定性和可逆容量，从而优化了超级电容器的性能。因此，优化后的镍钴（CO3）（OH）2 电极表现出了高容量和出色的循环稳定性，作为非对称超级电容器装置，能量密度达到 35.5 Wh kg-1，功率密度达到 2555.6 W kg-1。此外，当该装置与硅太阳能电池直接结合时，在照明强度为 10 mW cm-2 的条件下，其存储效率达到 63%，总效率达到 5.17%。这些研究结果表明，高性能自充电储能装置具有商业化的潜力，并将极大地推动储能技术的发展。

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引用次数: 0

Investigating the impacts of the Dual Carbon Targets on energy and carbon flows in China 调查 "双碳目标 "对中国能源和碳流动的影响

IF 9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.133778

Peng-Tao Wang , Qing-Chuang Xu , Fei-Yin Wang , Mao Xu

As the world's largest carbon emitter, China has committed to ambitious “Dual Carbon Targets” to address climate change. To investigate the impact of the Dual Carbon Targets on energy consumption and carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions, CO₂ emissions were calculated, and Sankey diagrams of energy and CO₂ flows for 2018–2022 were drawn based on the latest energy statistics. This study finds that China's primary energy supply was 5.429 Gtce, with terminal energy consumption at 3.801 Gtce in 2022. CO₂ emissions reached 12.01 Gt, marking a 12.24 % increase since 2018. Emission intensity varies regionally, being higher in the north and lower in the south, with a national average of 0.1 kg/CNY. Coal continues to dominate energy consumption at 64 %, though its share of emissions is declining, particularly in transportation and residential sectors. By 2060, electricity is expected to become the primary energy source, significantly lowering carbon emissions, with Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage technologies playing a crucial role in achieving the targets. This analysis provides critical insights into China's transition to a low-carbon economy, serving as a valuable resource for policymakers to optimize the energy structure and meet environmental goals.

作为世界上最大的碳排放国，中国承诺实现雄心勃勃的 "双碳目标"，以应对气候变化。为了研究 "双碳目标 "对能源消耗和二氧化碳（CO2）排放的影响，我们计算了二氧化碳排放量，并根据最新的能源统计数据绘制了 2018-2022 年能源和二氧化碳流量的桑基图。研究发现，2022 年中国一次能源供应为 5.429 Gtce，终端能源消费为 3.801 Gtce。二氧化碳排放量达到 12.01 Gt，自 2018 年以来增长了 12.24%。排放强度因地区而异，北部较高，南部较低，全国平均为 0.1 kg/CNY。煤炭仍占能源消耗的 64%，但其排放份额正在下降，尤其是在交通和居民部门。到 2060 年，电力有望成为主要能源，从而大幅降低碳排放量，而碳捕集、利用和封存技术将在实现目标的过程中发挥关键作用。该分析为中国向低碳经济转型提供了重要见解，是决策者优化能源结构、实现环保目标的宝贵资源。

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引用次数: 0

Thermal performance analysis of a Trombe wall with the multi-row channel PCM wallboard 使用多排通道 PCM 壁板的 Trombe 墙的热性能分析

IF 9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.133796

Yazi Li , Yonggang Lei , Yao Yan , Chongfang Song

A novel Trombe wall with the multi-row channel phase change material wallboard (MCPCM-TW) is proposed to enhance the solar energy utilization. The structure contains the glazing, the heat-absorbing layer and the phase change thermal storage layer with several built-in channels, either aligned vertically or horizontally. The thermal performance of the Trombe walls, which consist of the multi-row vertical channel phase change material wallboard (V-MCPCM-TW) and the multi-row horizontal channel phase change material wallboard (H-MCPCM-TW), were investigated numerically in the present research. Meanwhile, the Trombe wall incorporating phase change thermal storage layer without built-in channels also studied in the paper. The results indicate that, the multi-row channel phase change material wallboard effectively enhances the heat storage and release of the phase change thermal storage layer, thereby extending the duration of ventilation and increasing the cumulative heat supply of the rooms equipped with the novel Trombe wall. Specifically, the V-MCPCM-TW has a higher maximum liquid volume fraction during the heat storage. Compared with the Trombe wall incorporating phase change thermal storage layer without built-in channels, the V-MCPCM-TW has a 16 % increase in maximum liquid volume fraction and a 15.5 % increase in cumulative heat supply within a certain period.

为提高太阳能利用率，我们提出了一种新型的多排通道相变材料墙板（MCPCM-TW）特罗姆贝墙。该结构包含玻璃、吸热层和相变蓄热层，内置多个垂直或水平排列的通道。本研究对由多排垂直通道相变材料墙板（V-MCPCM-TW）和多排水平通道相变材料墙板（H-MCPCM-TW）组成的 Trombe 墙的热性能进行了数值研究。同时，本文还研究了不带内置通道、包含相变蓄热层的 Trombe 墙体。研究结果表明，多排通道相变材料墙板能有效提高相变蓄热层的蓄热和放热能力，从而延长通风时间，增加装有新型 Trombe 墙的房间的累积供热量。具体来说，V-MCPCM-TW 在蓄热期间的最大液体体积分数更高。与包含相变蓄热层但没有内置通道的 Trombe 墙相比，V-MCPCM-TW 在一定时间内的最大液体体积分数增加了 16%，累计供热量增加了 15.5%。

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引用次数: 0

Thermal decomposition and shock response mechanism of DNTF: Deep potential molecular dynamics simulations DNTF 的热分解和冲击响应机制：深电位分子动力学模拟

IF 9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.133799

Jun Jiang , Yin Yu , Zheng Mei , Zhen-Xin Yi , Xue-Hai Ju

A neural network deep potential (DP) is developed for the shock response and thermal decomposition mechanisms of 3,4-Bis(3-nitrofurazan-4-yl)furoxan (DNTF). This DP potential, trained on ab initio datasets, achieves the accuracy of density functional theory (DFT) and higher computational efficiency. The simulation results show that DNTF is anisotropic under shock loading. And the critical shock decomposition temperatures along the [100], [010], and [001] directions are 463.64 K, 451.85 K, and 486.69 K, respectively. For the first time, the low-temperature (<750 K) decomposition of DNTF is successfully simulated using molecular dynamics combined with DP model. The decomposition of DNTF begins with the O-N bond opening of the furoxan ring, followed by the breaking of the C-NO₂ bond and opening of the furazan rings, under thermal conditions. The critical thermal decomposition is between 458.3 K and 562.5 K at a heating rate of 13.5 K/ps. The final products are CO₂, N₂, and CO, and the main intermediates are NO₂, NO, and N₂O. The activation energy of decomposition is 142.4 kJ/mol obtained by Ozawa method. This study not only provides a powerful tool for investigating the performance of DNTF but also offers a feasible approach for other energetic materials, advancing the field significantly.

针对 3,4-双(3-硝基呋喃-4-基)呋喃（DNTF）的冲击响应和热分解机理，开发了一种神经网络深度位势（DP）。该 DP 势在 ab initio 数据集上进行训练，达到了密度泛函理论（DFT）的精度和更高的计算效率。模拟结果表明，DNTF 在冲击加载下是各向异性的。沿[100]、[010]和[001]方向的临界冲击分解温度分别为463.64 K、451.85 K和486.69 K。首次利用分子动力学结合 DP 模型成功模拟了 DNTF 的低温（750 K）分解。在热条件下，DNTF 的分解始于呋喃环的 O-N 键打开，然后是 C-NO2 键断裂和呋喃环打开。临界热分解温度为 458.3 K 至 562.5 K，加热速率为 13.5 K/ps。最终产物为 CO2、N2 和 CO，主要中间产物为 NO2、NO 和 N2O。通过小泽法得到的分解活化能为 142.4 kJ/mol。这项研究不仅为研究 DNTF 的性能提供了强有力的工具，也为其他高能材料提供了可行的方法，极大地推动了该领域的发展。

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引用次数: 0

Investigation of oil-based CO2 foam EOR and carbon mitigation in a 2D visualization physical model: Effects of different injection strategies 二维可视化物理模型中的油基二氧化碳泡沫 EOR 和碳减排研究：不同注入策略的影响

IF 9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy

Pub Date : 2024-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.133800

Zhoujie Wang , Songyan Li , Yaohui Wei , Faqiang Dang , Minghe Li

CO₂ flooding in low-permeability and tight oil reservoirs often encounters gas channeling, which affects oil recovery. To address this, oil-based CO₂ foam development is explored using a two-dimensional visual physical model. The study includes three experimental setups: CO₂ flooding followed by oil-based CO₂ foam flooding, CO₂ Huff-n-Puff (HnP) followed by oil-based CO₂ foam HnP, and oil-based CO₂ foam HnP followed by oil-based CO₂ foam flooding. Findings reveal that using oil-based CO₂ foam after CO₂ development increases recovery factors by 15.62 % and 35.86 % for HnP and flooding, respectively, and significantly boosts CO₂ storage. The CO₂ storage is 1.96 times and 6.03 times higher than the initial one. After oil-based CO₂ foam is used, the red area near the outlet of the visualization model becomes shallower, indicating a further decrease in residual oil saturation. The oil-based CO₂ foam method reduces residual oil saturation and extends production duration while decreasing gas production rates. This approach effectively plugs gas channels, enhancing CO₂ sweep efficiency, crude oil mobility, and recovery. The results provide innovative strategies for oilfield development, supporting carbon sequestration and offering substantial economic and environmental benefits.

在低渗透和致密油藏中进行二氧化碳充注时，经常会遇到气体通道问题，从而影响石油采收率。为了解决这个问题，我们使用一个二维可视物理模型对基于石油的二氧化碳泡沫开发进行了探索。研究包括三个实验设置：先注入 CO2，再注入油基 CO2 泡沫；先注入 CO2 Huff-n-Puff (HnP)，再注入油基 CO2 泡沫 HnP；先注入油基 CO2 泡沫 HnP，再注入油基 CO2 泡沫。研究结果表明，在二氧化碳开发后使用油基二氧化碳泡沫，HnP 和泡沫淹没的采收率分别提高了 15.62 % 和 35.86 %，并显著提高了二氧化碳的储存量。二氧化碳储量分别是初始储量的 1.96 倍和 6.03 倍。使用油基二氧化碳泡沫后，可视化模型出口附近的红色区域变浅，表明剩余油饱和度进一步降低。油基二氧化碳泡沫法降低了剩余油饱和度，延长了生产持续时间，同时降低了产气量。这种方法能有效堵塞气体通道，提高二氧化碳扫采效率、原油流动性和采收率。研究结果为油田开发提供了创新战略，支持碳封存并带来巨大的经济和环境效益。

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引用次数: 0

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