Eman Zaky Othman, Rasha Ahmed El-Ziat, Hend Mohamed Farag, Iman Mohamed El-Sayed
Ornamental plants are grown all over the world. In most countries, Chrysanthemum is considered one of the most popular cuts and potted flowers. Plants were sprayed with gibberellic acid (GA3) at concentrations (100, 200, and 300 ppm) and methionine (ME) at levels (200, 400, and 600 ppm), as bio-growth stimulants in the pre-blooming stage. The morphological and flowering parameters significantly increased by increasing the concentration of GA3. The highest values of K%, P%, total carbohydrates content, total phenols, total chlorophylls, and carotenoids in the leaf were obtained from gibberellic acid treatment at the rate of 300 ppm, while methionine at 600 ppm gave the highest value of protein in flowers. Also, various levels of gibberellic acid application significantly showed variation for days to initiation of Chrysanthemum flowers. The results of leaf anatomy showed an increase in most characteristics such as (thickness of the main vein, lamina, and spongy tissue) under study when spraying with gibberellic acid, especially at the concentration of 300 and methionine 600 ppm; respectively compared with control. Furthermore, inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analysis has provided a powerful molecular marker for identifying variation with control and the best treatments. Therefore, the utilization of 300 ppm GA3 a plant growth regulator and 600 ppm ME an amino acid, these treatments are recommended to enhance Chrysanthemum parameters which lead to increasing its economic value as cut flowers and flowering potted plants as well as pharmaceuticals industries and multi-chemical uses.
Keywords: Cut flowers; bio-growth stimulants; ISSR; leaf anatomy, growth regulators.
{"title":"Influence of Gibberellic acid and Methionine on growth, flowering quality, leaf anatomical structure and genetic diversity of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat plant","authors":"Eman Zaky Othman, Rasha Ahmed El-Ziat, Hend Mohamed Farag, Iman Mohamed El-Sayed","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3144","url":null,"abstract":"Ornamental plants are grown all over the world. In most countries, Chrysanthemum is considered one of the most popular cuts and potted flowers. Plants were sprayed with gibberellic acid (GA3) at concentrations (100, 200, and 300 ppm) and methionine (ME) at levels (200, 400, and 600 ppm), as bio-growth stimulants in the pre-blooming stage. The morphological and flowering parameters significantly increased by increasing the concentration of GA3. The highest values of K%, P%, total carbohydrates content, total phenols, total chlorophylls, and carotenoids in the leaf were obtained from gibberellic acid treatment at the rate of 300 ppm, while methionine at 600 ppm gave the highest value of protein in flowers. Also, various levels of gibberellic acid application significantly showed variation for days to initiation of Chrysanthemum flowers. The results of leaf anatomy showed an increase in most characteristics such as (thickness of the main vein, lamina, and spongy tissue) under study when spraying with gibberellic acid, especially at the concentration of 300 and methionine 600 ppm; respectively compared with control. Furthermore, inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analysis has provided a powerful molecular marker for identifying variation with control and the best treatments. Therefore, the utilization of 300 ppm GA3 a plant growth regulator and 600 ppm ME an amino acid, these treatments are recommended to enhance Chrysanthemum parameters which lead to increasing its economic value as cut flowers and flowering potted plants as well as pharmaceuticals industries and multi-chemical uses.
 Keywords: Cut flowers; bio-growth stimulants; ISSR; leaf anatomy, growth regulators.","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135428279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The functionalizing of staple and economic foods, which means adding health-promoting substances, has been visualized as a solution to reduce the concerning increase in diet-related diseases caused by bad-eating patterns. Microalgae represent an innovative way to solve this problem. Arthrospira platensis, microalgae nutritionally rich in bioactive compounds, has been used to develop hard wheat pasta (semolina) to improve its nutritional value and provide antioxidant properties, but there is scarce information about the effect of adding A. platensis in a soft wheat pasta with egg on these parameters. Given that, this work aimed to assess the effect of adding A. platensis at 1, 5, and 10% in a soft wheat pasta added with egg on the nutritional value. Besides, the total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant capacity (by FRAP and ABTS), and the spectrophotometric estimation of chlorophylls a + b as well as total carotenoids content were determined after and before cooking. The results showed that adding A. platensis at 5% was enough to increase raw pasta's nutritional value, especially protein by 19.27%, TPC by 3.88%, antioxidant capacity by 48.54%, and 66.09% for ABTS and FRAP respectively, as well as chlorophyll a + b (5.89 mg/100g) and total carotenoids (1.31 mg/100g). After the cooking process losses of 7.40, 16.81 and 0.51% were evidenced for TPC, ABTS and FRAP assays, however, remained 10.63, 62.37 and 70.65% higher than the cooked control. Furthermore, increases of 92.19 and 54.96% for chlorophyll a+b and total carotenoids were evidenced. The addition of A. platensis to pasta represents a way to improve the nutritional value regarding protein content, increase antioxidant capacity, and the content of chlorophylls and carotenoids, without statistically significant modifications in the caloric content.
Keywords: Antioxidant, Arthrospira platensis, Carotenoids, Chlorophylls, Functional Food, Pasta.
{"title":"Nutritionally improved pasta with Arthrospira platensis: effect of cooking on antioxidant capacity and pigments content","authors":"García-Moncayo, Aldo. Iván, Rodríguez-Martínez, Erika. Sireni, Ochoa-Reyes, Emilio, Sáenz-Hidalgo, Hilda. Karina, Sepúlveda, David. Roberto, Buenrostro-Figueroa, José. Juan, Alvarado-González, Monica","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3147","url":null,"abstract":"The functionalizing of staple and economic foods, which means adding health-promoting substances, has been visualized as a solution to reduce the concerning increase in diet-related diseases caused by bad-eating patterns. Microalgae represent an innovative way to solve this problem. Arthrospira platensis, microalgae nutritionally rich in bioactive compounds, has been used to develop hard wheat pasta (semolina) to improve its nutritional value and provide antioxidant properties, but there is scarce information about the effect of adding A. platensis in a soft wheat pasta with egg on these parameters. Given that, this work aimed to assess the effect of adding A. platensis at 1, 5, and 10% in a soft wheat pasta added with egg on the nutritional value. Besides, the total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant capacity (by FRAP and ABTS), and the spectrophotometric estimation of chlorophylls a + b as well as total carotenoids content were determined after and before cooking. The results showed that adding A. platensis at 5% was enough to increase raw pasta's nutritional value, especially protein by 19.27%, TPC by 3.88%, antioxidant capacity by 48.54%, and 66.09% for ABTS and FRAP respectively, as well as chlorophyll a + b (5.89 mg/100g) and total carotenoids (1.31 mg/100g). After the cooking process losses of 7.40, 16.81 and 0.51% were evidenced for TPC, ABTS and FRAP assays, however, remained 10.63, 62.37 and 70.65% higher than the cooked control. Furthermore, increases of 92.19 and 54.96% for chlorophyll a+b and total carotenoids were evidenced. The addition of A. platensis to pasta represents a way to improve the nutritional value regarding protein content, increase antioxidant capacity, and the content of chlorophylls and carotenoids, without statistically significant modifications in the caloric content.
 Keywords: Antioxidant, Arthrospira platensis, Carotenoids, Chlorophylls, Functional Food, Pasta.","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135428280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alectoris chukar is a wild game bird found in the north of Iraq, near the center of domestication and diversity of species. The mitogenome is one of the most vital resources for comprehensive studies of genetic diversity and molecular evolutionary relationships among avian species. In this study, we used whole genome sequencing raw reads and bioinformatics analysis to sequence and assemble Alectoris chukar's complete mitogenome for the first time. We also studied the maternal lineage and phylogenetic position of Alectoris chukar, as well as some mitogenomic diversity parameters. As a result, the complete mitogenomes with a length ranging from 16686 bp to 16688 bp of four individuals of wild Alectoris chukar were sequenced and assembled. They have a typical avian mitogenome structure with 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA), 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and one non-coding control region. Our findings from bioinformatics analysis remarkably demonstrated that copies of the mitogenome are more abundant in liver tissues than in blood and in the liver tissues of females than in males. The results of phylogenetic analysis clustered the studied mitogenomes with Alectoris chukar as a monophyletic clade. Moreover, in comparison to the different genera, Alectoris chukar showed a high level of mitogenomic similarities to the snowcock species of the genus Tetraogallus within the Phasianidae family. However, they were more distant from other partridges. Additionally, a high percentage of mitogenomic pairwise identities within Iraqi Alectoris chukar and high mitogenomic variations compared to Chinese populations were discovered. The number and location of polymorphic sites indicated that the majority of the mitogenome sequences were conserved, with the control region, ND5, and CYTB genes having the most polymorphic sites. Analyses of phylogenetic and mitogenomic diversity revealed that samples of Alectoris chukar from Iraq have a unique maternal lineage and mitogenomic diversity specific to their geographic distribution, suggesting an Alectoris chukar kurdestanica subspecies. The molecular findings presented here provide valuable knowledge and mitogenomic resources into the evolutionary relationships of Alectoris chukar from the Middle East to avian species in the Phasianidae family.
Key words: DNA sequencing; Mitochondrial genome; Partridges; Phasianidae; Phylogeny
{"title":"High throughput sequencing data reveals the complete mitogenome, abundance, maternal phylogeny, and mitogenomic diversity of Alectoris chukar of Iraq","authors":"Paiman Yousif, Hevidar Taha","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3143","url":null,"abstract":"Alectoris chukar is a wild game bird found in the north of Iraq, near the center of domestication and diversity of species. The mitogenome is one of the most vital resources for comprehensive studies of genetic diversity and molecular evolutionary relationships among avian species. In this study, we used whole genome sequencing raw reads and bioinformatics analysis to sequence and assemble Alectoris chukar's complete mitogenome for the first time. We also studied the maternal lineage and phylogenetic position of Alectoris chukar, as well as some mitogenomic diversity parameters. As a result, the complete mitogenomes with a length ranging from 16686 bp to 16688 bp of four individuals of wild Alectoris chukar were sequenced and assembled. They have a typical avian mitogenome structure with 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA), 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and one non-coding control region. Our findings from bioinformatics analysis remarkably demonstrated that copies of the mitogenome are more abundant in liver tissues than in blood and in the liver tissues of females than in males. The results of phylogenetic analysis clustered the studied mitogenomes with Alectoris chukar as a monophyletic clade. Moreover, in comparison to the different genera, Alectoris chukar showed a high level of mitogenomic similarities to the snowcock species of the genus Tetraogallus within the Phasianidae family. However, they were more distant from other partridges. Additionally, a high percentage of mitogenomic pairwise identities within Iraqi Alectoris chukar and high mitogenomic variations compared to Chinese populations were discovered. The number and location of polymorphic sites indicated that the majority of the mitogenome sequences were conserved, with the control region, ND5, and CYTB genes having the most polymorphic sites. Analyses of phylogenetic and mitogenomic diversity revealed that samples of Alectoris chukar from Iraq have a unique maternal lineage and mitogenomic diversity specific to their geographic distribution, suggesting an Alectoris chukar kurdestanica subspecies. The molecular findings presented here provide valuable knowledge and mitogenomic resources into the evolutionary relationships of Alectoris chukar from the Middle East to avian species in the Phasianidae family.
 Key words: DNA sequencing; Mitochondrial genome; Partridges; Phasianidae; Phylogeny
","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135991229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed Ismail Hussien Ismail, Mutasim Mekki Elrasheed, Marzook Al-Ekna, Mohammed Elhassan Seliaman
This study aimed to assess camel owners’ knowledge and practical behavior (KPB) in Saudi Arabia (KSA) and their implications on environmental sustainability. The study depended mainly on primary data. An online questionnaire survey was used to collect data from 267 respondents, in 2022. Descriptive and analytical techniques were used to achieve the stated objectives. Results revealed that, the majority of camels’ owners (91.7%) have low cumulative KPB, which was evident in their traditional practice and non-commercial methods in herd management. Moreover, large numbers of breeders do not sell their milk production due to their traditions, thus, about 23% of them gained no profits. Results also showed that, about 85% of owners were located in the lower level of using cost items (modern technology and labor training), accordingly, 96.6% fall within the low level of profit category. Likewise, about 75% of camels’ owners’ grazing behavior were located in the lower and medium level groups. Furthermore, the cumulative (KPB) effect of age, educational level, main job, training levels, cost of production and grazing behavior were found to be statistically significant in explaining CKPB variations of camels’ owners in KSA. The R-2 indicated that 59% of the variations in the dependent variable was explained by the variations of the independent variables. The also revealed the presence of high degree of positive association between camels’ owners’ CKPB and environmental sustainability. This study stresses on the importance of execution of sound agricultural extension programs and veterinary campaigns to improve camels’ owners’ CKPB.
Key words: Camel Raising, Environmental Sustainability, Grazing Behavior, Knowledge and Practical Behavior, KSA.
{"title":"Assessment of Camel Owners’ Knowledge and Practical Behaviors and its Implication on Environmental Sustainability","authors":"Ahmed Ismail Hussien Ismail, Mutasim Mekki Elrasheed, Marzook Al-Ekna, Mohammed Elhassan Seliaman","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3142","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to assess camel owners’ knowledge and practical behavior (KPB) in Saudi Arabia (KSA) and their implications on environmental sustainability. The study depended mainly on primary data. An online questionnaire survey was used to collect data from 267 respondents, in 2022. Descriptive and analytical techniques were used to achieve the stated objectives. Results revealed that, the majority of camels’ owners (91.7%) have low cumulative KPB, which was evident in their traditional practice and non-commercial methods in herd management. Moreover, large numbers of breeders do not sell their milk production due to their traditions, thus, about 23% of them gained no profits. Results also showed that, about 85% of owners were located in the lower level of using cost items (modern technology and labor training), accordingly, 96.6% fall within the low level of profit category. Likewise, about 75% of camels’ owners’ grazing behavior were located in the lower and medium level groups. Furthermore, the cumulative (KPB) effect of age, educational level, main job, training levels, cost of production and grazing behavior were found to be statistically significant in explaining CKPB variations of camels’ owners in KSA. The R-2 indicated that 59% of the variations in the dependent variable was explained by the variations of the independent variables. The also revealed the presence of high degree of positive association between camels’ owners’ CKPB and environmental sustainability. This study stresses on the importance of execution of sound agricultural extension programs and veterinary campaigns to improve camels’ owners’ CKPB. 
 Key words: Camel Raising, Environmental Sustainability, Grazing Behavior, Knowledge and Practical Behavior, KSA.","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135620724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saima Khan, Sharada Mallubhotla, Malik Muzafar Manzoor, Sandeep Singh Pagoch, Ashok Ahuja
The current study compares the influence of media engineered media on production of acid phophatase (APase) with its characterization in suspension cell cultures of Atropa acuminata, authenticated by rbcL and ITS. Various parameters like pH, inoculum size, temperature, nutrient sources in the medium were optimized for APase hyperproduction in in vitro conditions. APase production was accomplished to be evidently amplified at 5% inoculum size (94.90 U/gFW), pH 5.0(99.75 U/gFW) and incubation temperature of 30°C (91.5U/gFW). Sucrose as carbon and ammonium nitrate as nitrogen sources were eminently suited for maximum enzyme harvest (91.20 U/gFW and 94.56 U/gFW). The APase activity was observed to be distinctly increased in phosphate (Pi) starved suspension cells (197.84 U/gFW). Overall, 6.5 fold increase in APase activity was achieved as compared to the activity before optimization studies. Hence the present Apase production and its activity from Atropa acuminata suspension culture may have apparent use for future industrial, agricultural and biotechnological application. Keywords: Acuminata; Acid phosphatase; p-nitrophenylphosphate; Suspension cells; Pi-starvation
{"title":"Dynamics of acid phosphatase production by cell suspension system and its further characterization","authors":"Saima Khan, Sharada Mallubhotla, Malik Muzafar Manzoor, Sandeep Singh Pagoch, Ashok Ahuja","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3141","url":null,"abstract":"The current study compares the influence of media engineered media on production of acid phophatase (APase) with its characterization in suspension cell cultures of Atropa acuminata, authenticated by rbcL and ITS. Various parameters like pH, inoculum size, temperature, nutrient sources in the medium were optimized for APase hyperproduction in in vitro conditions. APase production was accomplished to be evidently amplified at 5% inoculum size (94.90 U/gFW), pH 5.0(99.75 U/gFW) and incubation temperature of 30°C (91.5U/gFW). Sucrose as carbon and ammonium nitrate as nitrogen sources were eminently suited for maximum enzyme harvest (91.20 U/gFW and 94.56 U/gFW). The APase activity was observed to be distinctly increased in phosphate (Pi) starved suspension cells (197.84 U/gFW). Overall, 6.5 fold increase in APase activity was achieved as compared to the activity before optimization studies. Hence the present Apase production and its activity from Atropa acuminata suspension culture may have apparent use for future industrial, agricultural and biotechnological application. Keywords: Acuminata; Acid phosphatase; p-nitrophenylphosphate; Suspension cells; Pi-starvation","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135876558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite rapid development, the Chinese dairy industry still faces problems such as the lack of pricing power for dairy farmers, high fluctuations in raw milk and feed prices, imbalances between supply and demand, and low farming motivation. As an indicator with important geographical characteristics, the milk-feed price ratio (MF) is a critical reference indicator for setting raw milk prices and measuring farm profitability. The main aim of this study is to construct an appropriate milk-feed ratio model for China using statistical data for 2018-2020, which provides references for other developing countries. A vector error correction model was used to illustrate the long-term covariance between raw milk prices and feed prices in China and to analyze the feed structure of large-scale Chinese farms. The study found that the price weights of corn, soybean meal, corn silage, and alfalfa were 27%, 17%, 30%, and 26%, respectively, which are significantly different from those of developed countries, and the parameters of the model for the MF in different production areas in China also varied significantly. The milk-feed ratio in China has remained above 1.89 in the last three years. Seasonal variations in raw milk prices lead to a U-shaped trend in the MF. In recent years the MF in China has changed from a low level to a medium level, showing an upward trend, with large-scale farms at a profitable level.
Keywords: Application of MF; Granger causality test; MF model; Large scale farm
{"title":"Construction and application of milk-feed price ratio model - based on data from large scale dairy farms in China","authors":"Hao Liu, Hua Peng, Chao Zhang, Xiaoxia Dong","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3137","url":null,"abstract":"Despite rapid development, the Chinese dairy industry still faces problems such as the lack of pricing power for dairy farmers, high fluctuations in raw milk and feed prices, imbalances between supply and demand, and low farming motivation. As an indicator with important geographical characteristics, the milk-feed price ratio (MF) is a critical reference indicator for setting raw milk prices and measuring farm profitability. The main aim of this study is to construct an appropriate milk-feed ratio model for China using statistical data for 2018-2020, which provides references for other developing countries. A vector error correction model was used to illustrate the long-term covariance between raw milk prices and feed prices in China and to analyze the feed structure of large-scale Chinese farms. The study found that the price weights of corn, soybean meal, corn silage, and alfalfa were 27%, 17%, 30%, and 26%, respectively, which are significantly different from those of developed countries, and the parameters of the model for the MF in different production areas in China also varied significantly. The milk-feed ratio in China has remained above 1.89 in the last three years. Seasonal variations in raw milk prices lead to a U-shaped trend in the MF. In recent years the MF in China has changed from a low level to a medium level, showing an upward trend, with large-scale farms at a profitable level.
 Keywords: Application of MF; Granger causality test; MF model; Large scale farm","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135022658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shehla Nasar Mir Najibullah, Javed Ahamad, Shahnaz Sultana, Subasini Uthirapathy
Olea europaea Linn. (Olive) is considered as essential component of Mediterranean diets. Olive leaves, fruits, and oil are traditionally known for several health benefits including diabetes, cardiac complications, cancer, etc. The objective of the present study is to determine the anticancer potential of chemically characterized O. europaea extract in MTT assay and EB/AO double staining method using Human lung cancer cell lines (A549). The chemical constituents present in the ethyl acetate extract of O. europaea leaves were characterized by GC-MS and its cytotoxic activity was assessed by MTT assay and EB/AO double staining method. The GC-MS analysis identified 63 chemical constituents, and neophytadiene (21.80%), zingiberenol (12.36%), and allohimachalol (5.49%) was found as major chemical constituents in ethyl acetate extract of O. europaea leaves. O. europaea produces a time and dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation of A549 cell lines. The cell viability of A549 cell lines after 24 hrs treatment with O. europaea ranged from 97.96±3.44 to 18.95±2.14 % for a concentration range of 0.5-500 μg/mL, respectively, with IC50 value of 21.91±1.8 μg/mL. EB/AO double staining shows significant apoptosis in early and late apoptotic, and necrotic cells with increased volume and showed uneven orange-red fluorescence at their periphery. The study outcome shows that O. europaea extract significantly inhibited cell proliferation and apoptosis in human lung cancer (A549) cell lines, and it also explores the chemical composition of O. europaea leaves extract.
Keywords: Apoptosis, A549 cell lines, Cancer, GC-MS, MTT assay, Olea europea, Olive.
{"title":"Potential anticancer activity of chemically characterized extract of Olea europaea (Olive) leaves","authors":"Shehla Nasar Mir Najibullah, Javed Ahamad, Shahnaz Sultana, Subasini Uthirapathy","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3136","url":null,"abstract":"Olea europaea Linn. (Olive) is considered as essential component of Mediterranean diets. Olive leaves, fruits, and oil are traditionally known for several health benefits including diabetes, cardiac complications, cancer, etc. The objective of the present study is to determine the anticancer potential of chemically characterized O. europaea extract in MTT assay and EB/AO double staining method using Human lung cancer cell lines (A549). The chemical constituents present in the ethyl acetate extract of O. europaea leaves were characterized by GC-MS and its cytotoxic activity was assessed by MTT assay and EB/AO double staining method. The GC-MS analysis identified 63 chemical constituents, and neophytadiene (21.80%), zingiberenol (12.36%), and allohimachalol (5.49%) was found as major chemical constituents in ethyl acetate extract of O. europaea leaves. O. europaea produces a time and dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation of A549 cell lines. The cell viability of A549 cell lines after 24 hrs treatment with O. europaea ranged from 97.96±3.44 to 18.95±2.14 % for a concentration range of 0.5-500 μg/mL, respectively, with IC50 value of 21.91±1.8 μg/mL. EB/AO double staining shows significant apoptosis in early and late apoptotic, and necrotic cells with increased volume and showed uneven orange-red fluorescence at their periphery. The study outcome shows that O. europaea extract significantly inhibited cell proliferation and apoptosis in human lung cancer (A549) cell lines, and it also explores the chemical composition of O. europaea leaves extract.
 Keywords: Apoptosis, A549 cell lines, Cancer, GC-MS, MTT assay, Olea europea, Olive.
 
","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135022659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marco Antonio Ayala Monter, Omar Hernández Mendo, David Hernández Sánchez, Silvia López Ortiz, Gilberto Aranda Osorio, Ricardo Martínez Martínez
The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the response of animal performance and meat characteristics of Pelibuey lambs to tannins of Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. in the diet. Twenty-eight male Pelibuey lambs (initial body weight of 23.6 ± 1.0 kg; 5 months old) were randomly assigned to one of four treatments (T): T1, control (base diet); T2, diet 1.5% tannins; T3, diet 2.5% tannins; and T4, diet 1000 IU vitamin E. Vitamin E was used as a positive control treatment. The variables evaluated were daily weight gain (DWG), dry matter intake (DMI), feed conversion, and carcass and meat characteristics. The experimental design was completely randomized, and treatments means were compared with Tukey test (P<0.05). None of the evaluated variables were different between treatments (P>0.05), except meat color (P<0.05), with higher values of L*(34.88), a*(11.49), and b*(2.28) when tannins were added to the diet of the lambs, without affecting the dry matter intake. Including Guazuma ulmifolia foliage in sheep feeding could be a feasible alternative.
Keywords: Carcass dressing; Guazuma; Meat quality; Pelibuey sheep; Tannin
{"title":"Effect of Guazuma ulmifolia tannins in the diet of Pelibuey lambs on animal performance and meat characteristics","authors":"Marco Antonio Ayala Monter, Omar Hernández Mendo, David Hernández Sánchez, Silvia López Ortiz, Gilberto Aranda Osorio, Ricardo Martínez Martínez","doi":"10.9755/ejfa.2023.3138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.3138","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the response of animal performance and meat characteristics of Pelibuey lambs to tannins of Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. in the diet. Twenty-eight male Pelibuey lambs (initial body weight of 23.6 ± 1.0 kg; 5 months old) were randomly assigned to one of four treatments (T): T1, control (base diet); T2, diet 1.5% tannins; T3, diet 2.5% tannins; and T4, diet 1000 IU vitamin E. Vitamin E was used as a positive control treatment. The variables evaluated were daily weight gain (DWG), dry matter intake (DMI), feed conversion, and carcass and meat characteristics. The experimental design was completely randomized, and treatments means were compared with Tukey test (P<0.05). None of the evaluated variables were different between treatments (P>0.05), except meat color (P<0.05), with higher values of L*(34.88), a*(11.49), and b*(2.28) when tannins were added to the diet of the lambs, without affecting the dry matter intake. Including Guazuma ulmifolia foliage in sheep feeding could be a feasible alternative.
 Keywords: Carcass dressing; Guazuma; Meat quality; Pelibuey sheep; Tannin","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135022660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Viral diseases are a major problem for cowpea production in Nigeria, causing yield reductions of up to 100%. To combat this, farmers use insecticide sprays and manipulate plant population densities. A field experiment was conducted in the Southern Guinea Savannah agro-ecological zone of Nigeria in 2016 cropping season to assess the impact of planting density and insecticidal spray regimes on virus diseases in cowpea. The study found that the lowest disease incidence (32.2%) was observed at a density of 25×75 cm, and the highest (41.9%) at a density of 75×75 cm. The combination of a density of 25×7 5cm with three insecticidal spray regimes had the lowest incidence (18.6%), while 75×75 cm with no insecticidal spray had the highest (66.5%) disease incidence. Thus, it is recommended to use a planting density of 25×75 cm with three insecticidal spray regimes. This study emphasizes the importance of planting density and insecticidal spray regimes in managing viral diseases in cowpea production. Farmers can utilize this information to reduce disease incidence and severity and increase yield.
{"title":"Incidence and Severity of Virus Diseases of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) Under Varying Planting Density and Insecticidal Spray Regimes","authors":"S. A. Alaka, O. S. Balogun","doi":"10.4038/jfa.v16i1.5281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/jfa.v16i1.5281","url":null,"abstract":"Viral diseases are a major problem for cowpea production in Nigeria, causing yield reductions of up to 100%. To combat this, farmers use insecticide sprays and manipulate plant population densities. A field experiment was conducted in the Southern Guinea Savannah agro-ecological zone of Nigeria in 2016 cropping season to assess the impact of planting density and insecticidal spray regimes on virus diseases in cowpea. The study found that the lowest disease incidence (32.2%) was observed at a density of 25×75 cm, and the highest (41.9%) at a density of 75×75 cm. The combination of a density of 25×7 5cm with three insecticidal spray regimes had the lowest incidence (18.6%), while 75×75 cm with no insecticidal spray had the highest (66.5%) disease incidence. Thus, it is recommended to use a planting density of 25×75 cm with three insecticidal spray regimes. This study emphasizes the importance of planting density and insecticidal spray regimes in managing viral diseases in cowpea production. Farmers can utilize this information to reduce disease incidence and severity and increase yield.","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87811251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The first experiment was done to select the most suitable explant to establish a culture for shoot regeneration. Four different explants (cotyledon, cotyledon node, leaf and hypocotyl) excised from in vitro grown seedlings were cultured on MS medium containing 1.0 mg l-1 BAP and 0.2 mg l-1 NAA. Cotyledon was the most responsive explant which exhibited quick callus initiation. The second experiment was conducted to determine the effect of cotyledon explants on different MS media containing 1.0 mg l-1 BAP, 0.2 mg l-1 NAA and also various concentrations (0, 20, 40 and 60 mg l-1) of adenine sulphate (AS). The best medium for callus formation was MS medium with 1.0 mg l-1 BAP, 0.2 mg l-1 NAA and 60 mg l-1 AS. Callus derived from the particular medium also showed the best positive response for shoot regeneration after subculturing on MS medium with 2.0 mg l-1 BAP and 0.2 mg l-1 NAA. In the third experiment, D-biotin added into the composition of the culture medium had a beneficial effect on the callogenesis in association with BAP and NAA. Regenerated shoots were multiplied on MS medium with 3.0 mg l-1 BAP. Eventually, in vitro rooting was achieved on MS medium included with 1.0 mg l-1 IBA.
{"title":"Plant Regeneration from Cotyledon Explants of Bittergourd as influenced by Adenine Sulphate and D-Biotin","authors":"J. A. D. C. Kawshalya, T. Seran","doi":"10.4038/jfa.v16i1.5280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/jfa.v16i1.5280","url":null,"abstract":"The first experiment was done to select the most suitable explant to establish a culture for shoot regeneration. Four different explants (cotyledon, cotyledon node, leaf and hypocotyl) excised from in vitro grown seedlings were cultured on MS medium containing 1.0 mg l-1 BAP and 0.2 mg l-1 NAA. Cotyledon was the most responsive explant which exhibited quick callus initiation. The second experiment was conducted to determine the effect of cotyledon explants on different MS media containing 1.0 mg l-1 BAP, 0.2 mg l-1 NAA and also various concentrations (0, 20, 40 and 60 mg l-1) of adenine sulphate (AS). The best medium for callus formation was MS medium with 1.0 mg l-1 BAP, 0.2 mg l-1 NAA and 60 mg l-1 AS. Callus derived from the particular medium also showed the best positive response for shoot regeneration after subculturing on MS medium with 2.0 mg l-1 BAP and 0.2 mg l-1 NAA. In the third experiment, D-biotin added into the composition of the culture medium had a beneficial effect on the callogenesis in association with BAP and NAA. Regenerated shoots were multiplied on MS medium with 3.0 mg l-1 BAP. Eventually, in vitro rooting was achieved on MS medium included with 1.0 mg l-1 IBA.","PeriodicalId":11648,"journal":{"name":"Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86020702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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