Pub Date : 2010-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.4
Sutthinan Khamna, A. Yokota, J. Peberdy, S. Lumyong
A collection of Streptomyces spp. isolated from the rhizosphere soils of 14 Thai medicinal plants were found to produce, the plant growth hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in a yeast malt extract medium supplemented with 2 mg/mL L-tryptophan. Streptomyces CMU-H009 recovered from soil associated with lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) was very effective in producing IAA. Based on the 16S rDNA sequence analysis, this strain was most closely related to Streptomyces viridis NBRC 13373T (99.3% similarity). The IAA production was maximums (300 mg/mL) when the strain CMU-H009 was cultivated in a yeast malt extract broth amended with 2 mg/mL L-tryptophan a pH 7.0, and incubated at 30 o C with shaking at 125 rpm for 3 d. The culture filtrate from the strain CMU-H009 stimulated a significant increase in the germination and root elongation of maize (Zea mays) and cow pea (Bruguiera parviflora) seeds. The IAA from this strain was extracted, purified and identified by thin layer chromatography.
从14种泰国药用植物根际土壤中分离得到的链霉菌(Streptomyces spp.)在添加2 mg/mL l -色氨酸的酵母麦芽提取物培养基中产生植物生长激素吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)。从与柠檬草(Cymbopogon citratus)相关的土壤中回收的链霉菌CMU-H009在生产IAA方面非常有效。通过16S rDNA序列分析，该菌株与病毒链霉菌NBRC 13373T亲缘关系最为密切(相似度为99.3%)。菌株CMU-H009在添加2 mg/mL l -色氨酸(pH 7.0)的酵母麦芽提取液中培养，在30℃、125 rpm下摇培养3 d, IAA产量最高(300 mg/mL)。菌株CMU-H009培养滤液显著提高了玉米(Zea mays)和豌豆(Bruguiera parviflora)种子的发芽率和根伸长。用薄层色谱法对该菌株的IAA进行了提取、纯化和鉴定。
{"title":"Indole-3-acetic acid production by Streptomyces sp. isolated from some Thai medicinal plant rhizosphere soils","authors":"Sutthinan Khamna, A. Yokota, J. Peberdy, S. Lumyong","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.4","url":null,"abstract":"A collection of Streptomyces spp. isolated from the rhizosphere soils of 14 Thai medicinal plants were found to produce, the plant growth hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in a yeast malt extract medium supplemented with 2 mg/mL L-tryptophan. Streptomyces CMU-H009 recovered from soil associated with lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) was very effective in producing IAA. Based on the 16S rDNA sequence analysis, this strain was most closely related to Streptomyces viridis NBRC 13373T (99.3% similarity). The IAA production was maximums (300 mg/mL) when the strain CMU-H009 was cultivated in a yeast malt extract broth amended with 2 mg/mL L-tryptophan a pH 7.0, and incubated at 30 o C with shaking at 125 rpm for 3 d. The culture filtrate from the strain CMU-H009 stimulated a significant increase in the germination and root elongation of maize (Zea mays) and cow pea (Bruguiera parviflora) seeds. The IAA from this strain was extracted, purified and identified by thin layer chromatography.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"23-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70598323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.10
S. D. Prasad, S. T. Basha, N. P. E. Reddy
Genetic variability among the virulent isolates of Sclerotium rolfsii was studied using molecular techniques like RAPD, ITS-PCR and RFLP. The RAPD banding pattern reflected the genetic diversity among the isolates by formation of two clusters. A total of 221 reproducible and scorable polymorphic bands ranging approximately as low as 100 bp to as high as 2500 bp were generated with five RAPD primers. ITS region of rDNA amplification with specific ITS1 and ITS4 universal primers produced approximately 650 to 700 bp in all the isolates confirmed that all the isolates obtained are Sclerotium rolfsii. Studies by ITS-RFLP indicated that there was no polymorphism in restriction banding pattern among the isolates with the restriction endonucleases used.
{"title":"Molecular variability among the isolates of Sclerotium rolfsii causing stem rot of groundnut by RAPD, ITS-PCR and RFLP","authors":"S. D. Prasad, S. T. Basha, N. P. E. Reddy","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.10","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic variability among the virulent isolates of Sclerotium rolfsii was studied using molecular techniques like RAPD, ITS-PCR and RFLP. The RAPD banding pattern reflected the genetic diversity among the isolates by formation of two clusters. A total of 221 reproducible and scorable polymorphic bands ranging approximately as low as 100 bp to as high as 2500 bp were generated with five RAPD primers. ITS region of rDNA amplification with specific ITS1 and ITS4 universal primers produced approximately 650 to 700 bp in all the isolates confirmed that all the isolates obtained are Sclerotium rolfsii. Studies by ITS-RFLP indicated that there was no polymorphism in restriction banding pattern among the isolates with the restriction endonucleases used.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"80-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.10","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70597591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.5
Girish Jadhav, D. Salunkhe, D. Nerkar, R. Bhadekar
Halophilic microorganisms are already in use for some biotechnological processes, such as commercial production of s-carotene, polymers (polyhydroxyalkanoates and polysaccharides), enzymes, compatible solutes etc. Considering their commercial importance, food samples (crude salt crystals and raw mango pickle) were used for isolation of halotolerant microorganisms. Two bacterial isolates obtained from food samples were examined for their ability to survive under stressed conditions and their growth response in increasing levels of NaCl (1 to 15% w/v), pH (5.0 to 10.0) and temperature (10 to 70°C). The isolates were rod shaped Gram-positive, salt-tolerant, non-halophilic, nitrogen-fixing strains. Different sugars such as glucose, fructose, maltose, sucrose, xylose and lactose were used to check for acid and gas production. The organisms were studied for their ability to hydrolyse substrates such as casein, starch, gelatin, etc. These organisms (i) grew well in SM basal salt medium and nitrogen-free semi-solid LGI medium (ii) tolerated 10-15% salt concentration (iii) produced acid from D-glucose, D-fructose and sucrose and (iv) utilized glycerol and citrate as carbon source, and v) survived acidic (pH 4-5) and alkaline (pH 9-10) conditions. The results suggested that there is potential to improve their performance as sources of industrially important enzymes. On the basis of morphological attributes and biochemical characteristics the isolates belonged to the genus Bacillus. The results of partial sequencing of 16S rRNA also revealed that the isolates 1 and 2 are closely related to Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis NCIB 3610T (97.9% pairwise similarity) and Bacillus sonorensis NRRL B-23154T (99.8% pair-wise similarity) respectively.
{"title":"Isolation and characterization of salt-tolerant nitrogen-fixing microorganisms from food","authors":"Girish Jadhav, D. Salunkhe, D. Nerkar, R. Bhadekar","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.5","url":null,"abstract":"Halophilic microorganisms are already in use for some biotechnological processes, such as commercial production of s-carotene, polymers (polyhydroxyalkanoates and polysaccharides), enzymes, compatible solutes etc. Considering their commercial importance, food samples (crude salt crystals and raw mango pickle) were used for isolation of halotolerant microorganisms. Two bacterial isolates obtained from food samples were examined for their ability to survive under stressed conditions and their growth response in increasing levels of NaCl (1 to 15% w/v), pH (5.0 to 10.0) and temperature (10 to 70°C). The isolates were rod shaped Gram-positive, salt-tolerant, non-halophilic, nitrogen-fixing strains. Different sugars such as glucose, fructose, maltose, sucrose, xylose and lactose were used to check for acid and gas production. The organisms were studied for their ability to hydrolyse substrates such as casein, starch, gelatin, etc. These organisms (i) grew well in SM basal salt medium and nitrogen-free semi-solid LGI medium (ii) tolerated 10-15% salt concentration (iii) produced acid from D-glucose, D-fructose and sucrose and (iv) utilized glycerol and citrate as carbon source, and v) survived acidic (pH 4-5) and alkaline (pH 9-10) conditions. The results suggested that there is potential to improve their performance as sources of industrially important enzymes. On the basis of morphological attributes and biochemical characteristics the isolates belonged to the genus Bacillus. The results of partial sequencing of 16S rRNA also revealed that the isolates 1 and 2 are closely related to Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis NCIB 3610T (97.9% pairwise similarity) and Bacillus sonorensis NRRL B-23154T (99.8% pair-wise similarity) respectively.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"33-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70597880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.6
J. Moon, Eun-Young Yim, G. Song, N. Lee, C. Hyun
To identify new active cosmetics ingredients of natural origin, we screened 299 parts of 263 plant species collected from Jeju Island, the southernmost island of the Korean Peninsula. Plant parts were investigated for their elastase and tyrosinase inhibitory activity for the purpose of identifying anti-aging and skin-whitening ingredients with the potential for use as raw materials in cosmetics. In the anti-elastase inhibition assay, 3 extracts, including Aesculus turbinata, Taxillus yadoriki, and Cornus walteri, showed high inhibitory activity (inhibition concentration ( I C ) 5 0<50 /vg/mL). The I C 5 0 of A. turbinata and T. yadoriki was 43.1 /vg/mL and 36.4 /vg/mL, respectively; C. walteri showed the highest elastase inhibition activity ( I C 5 0 = 26.1 /vg/mL). In the tyrosinase inhibition assay, 4 extracts, including C. walteri(139.2 vg/mL), Maackia fauriei (149.3 /vg/mL), Toxicodendron succedaneum (142.3 /vg/mL), and Sophora flavescens (41.6 v g/mL), showed significantly greater tyrosinase inhibition activity than the positive controls Distylium racemosum (145.9 /vg/mL) and arbutin (180.3 /vg/mL). However, they showed lower activity compared to the positive controls Morus alba (11.9 vg/mL) and Morus bombycis (22 v g/mL). These results suggest that medicinal plants possessing several biological activities may be potent inhibitors of the processes involved in pigmentation increases and aging. Further investigations will focus on in vivo assays and the chemical identification of the major active components responsible for anti-aging and whitening.
{"title":"Screening of elastase and tyrosinase inhibitory activity from Jeju Island plants","authors":"J. Moon, Eun-Young Yim, G. Song, N. Lee, C. Hyun","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.6","url":null,"abstract":"To identify new active cosmetics ingredients of natural origin, we screened 299 parts of 263 plant species collected from Jeju Island, the southernmost island of the Korean Peninsula. Plant parts were investigated for their elastase and tyrosinase inhibitory activity for the purpose of identifying anti-aging and skin-whitening ingredients with the potential for use as raw materials in cosmetics. In the anti-elastase inhibition assay, 3 extracts, including Aesculus turbinata, Taxillus yadoriki, and Cornus walteri, showed high inhibitory activity (inhibition concentration ( I C ) 5 0<50 /vg/mL). The I C 5 0 of A. turbinata and T. yadoriki was 43.1 /vg/mL and 36.4 /vg/mL, respectively; C. walteri showed the highest elastase inhibition activity ( I C 5 0 = 26.1 /vg/mL). In the tyrosinase inhibition assay, 4 extracts, including C. walteri(139.2 vg/mL), Maackia fauriei (149.3 /vg/mL), Toxicodendron succedaneum (142.3 /vg/mL), and Sophora flavescens (41.6 v g/mL), showed significantly greater tyrosinase inhibition activity than the positive controls Distylium racemosum (145.9 /vg/mL) and arbutin (180.3 /vg/mL). However, they showed lower activity compared to the positive controls Morus alba (11.9 vg/mL) and Morus bombycis (22 v g/mL). These results suggest that medicinal plants possessing several biological activities may be potent inhibitors of the processes involved in pigmentation increases and aging. Further investigations will focus on in vivo assays and the chemical identification of the major active components responsible for anti-aging and whitening.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"41-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70598072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.13
N. Nwakanma, B. Okoli
The mitotic effects of the root extracts of Boerhaavia diffusa on the root tips of Crinum jagus were investigated. The results of this study showed several chromosomal abnormalities including stickiness of chromosomes (both at metaphase and anaphase), C-metaphase, lagging chromosomes, and sticky bridges. The trend of the results showed that the higher the concentration of the extracts for treatment, the more inhibitory the effect on mitosis with more pronounced chromosomal aberrations. The root extract of B. diffusa was found active at concentrations of 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.8%. The extract was found to accumulate metaphase and could thus be of immense help in cytological work. These results are discussed in the light of their reported use in cancer therapy, the treatment of other diseases in traditional medicinal practice and its' possible use as an alternative to colchicine in cytological work.
{"title":"Cytological effects of the root extracts of Boerhaavia diffusa on root tips of Crinum jagus","authors":"N. Nwakanma, B. Okoli","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.13","url":null,"abstract":"The mitotic effects of the root extracts of Boerhaavia diffusa on the root tips of Crinum jagus were investigated. The results of this study showed several chromosomal abnormalities including stickiness of chromosomes (both at metaphase and anaphase), C-metaphase, lagging chromosomes, and sticky bridges. The trend of the results showed that the higher the concentration of the extracts for treatment, the more inhibitory the effect on mitosis with more pronounced chromosomal aberrations. The root extract of B. diffusa was found active at concentrations of 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.8%. The extract was found to accumulate metaphase and could thus be of immense help in cytological work. These results are discussed in the light of their reported use in cancer therapy, the treatment of other diseases in traditional medicinal practice and its' possible use as an alternative to colchicine in cytological work.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"105-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.13","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70597614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.9
K. Çavuşoğlu, K. Kabar
In this work, the effects of a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) pretreatment on the germination and early seedling growth of barley under salt (NaCl) and temperature (20o, 25o, 30o and 35oC) conditions was studied. H 2 O 2 enormously removed the germination-delaying and inhibiting effects of temperature increases. In addition, it was rather effective on alleviation of the reductive effects of temperature increases on the parameters of growth such as the percentages of coleoptile emergence, elongations of radicle, and coleoptile and fresh weights (FWs) of the seedlings. H 2 O 2 pretreatment became very successful in the overcoming of the germination-delaying and preventing effects of the increases in both salt and temperature levels. It markedly alleviated the inhibitions of salt on seedling growth at all temperatures as well. H2O2 both removed the blockage of abscisic acid (ABA) on the germination and shortened the time required for germination at 20oC, an optimal temperature, by its influsion into the seeds with pretreatment or its presence in the medium of germination. On the other hand, H2O2 relatively alleviated ABA inhibitions on the radicle elongations and FWs while it had no effect on ABA suppression on the emergence percentage and elongation of the coleoptile.
{"title":"Effects of hydrogen peroxide on the germination and early seedling growth of barley under NaCl and high temperature stresses","authors":"K. Çavuşoğlu, K. Kabar","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.9","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the effects of a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) pretreatment on the germination and early seedling growth of barley under salt (NaCl) and temperature (20o, 25o, 30o and 35oC) conditions was studied. H 2 O 2 enormously removed the germination-delaying and inhibiting effects of temperature increases. In addition, it was rather effective on alleviation of the reductive effects of temperature increases on the parameters of growth such as the percentages of coleoptile emergence, elongations of radicle, and coleoptile and fresh weights (FWs) of the seedlings. H 2 O 2 pretreatment became very successful in the overcoming of the germination-delaying and preventing effects of the increases in both salt and temperature levels. It markedly alleviated the inhibitions of salt on seedling growth at all temperatures as well. H2O2 both removed the blockage of abscisic acid (ABA) on the germination and shortened the time required for germination at 20oC, an optimal temperature, by its influsion into the seeds with pretreatment or its presence in the medium of germination. On the other hand, H2O2 relatively alleviated ABA inhibitions on the radicle elongations and FWs while it had no effect on ABA suppression on the emergence percentage and elongation of the coleoptile.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"70-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70598449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-29DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.4.0.1
Salim Khan, K. J. Mirza, M. Abdin
Cuscuta reflexa (Convolvulaceae) is a holoparasitic vine that attacks the aerial parts of many shrubs, trees, and is used immensely in the Indian system of medicine. In this study, the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was employed for authentication of Cuscuta reflexa and its adulterant Cuscuta chinensis. Thirty two decamer oligonucleotide primers were used to amplify the genomic DNA isolated from the dried stems as well as seeds of both the species. Out of the thirty two primers used, fourteen did not amplify, eleven gave faint and non-reproducible, while seven gave species-specific reproducible unique bands. The unique bands obtained in PCR amplification clearly discriminated the two species, having similar morphology and thus, RAPD may serve as a complementary tool for quality control.
{"title":"Development of RAPD markers for authentication of medicinal plant Cuscuta reflexa","authors":"Salim Khan, K. J. Mirza, M. Abdin","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.4.0.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.4.0.1","url":null,"abstract":"Cuscuta reflexa (Convolvulaceae) is a holoparasitic vine that attacks the aerial parts of many shrubs, trees, and is used immensely in the Indian system of medicine. In this study, the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was employed for authentication of Cuscuta reflexa and its adulterant Cuscuta chinensis. Thirty two decamer oligonucleotide primers were used to amplify the genomic DNA isolated from the dried stems as well as seeds of both the species. Out of the thirty two primers used, fourteen did not amplify, eleven gave faint and non-reproducible, while seven gave species-specific reproducible unique bands. The unique bands obtained in PCR amplification clearly discriminated the two species, having similar morphology and thus, RAPD may serve as a complementary tool for quality control.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.4.0.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70597373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-29DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.2
I. Mohamed, E. B. E. E. Nur, M. Abdelrahman
Methanolic extracts were obtained from 30 parts of 23 different plants belonging to 19 families. Most of the plants are used traditionally to treat different illnesses in Sudan. The extracts were screened for their biological activities against bacterial pathogens including Escherichia coli, Staphyllococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae and two animal viruses representing two viral families, Newcastle Disease and Fowlpox Viruses. In addition, the extracts were evaluated for the presence of the major secondary metabolites classes. The highest activity recorded was obtained for Zizyphus spina-christi against S. aureus and K. pneumoniae. Seven of the tested extracts, showed virucidal activity of NDV while eight plant extracts exhibited high activity against replication of PV. Our results support, at least in part, the uses of most plants in ethnopharmacological claims.
{"title":"The antibacterial, antiviral activities and phytochemical screening of some Sudanese medicinal plants","authors":"I. Mohamed, E. B. E. E. Nur, M. Abdelrahman","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.2","url":null,"abstract":"Methanolic extracts were obtained from 30 parts of 23 different plants belonging to 19 families. Most of the plants are used traditionally to treat different illnesses in Sudan. The extracts were screened for their biological activities against bacterial pathogens including Escherichia coli, Staphyllococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae and two animal viruses representing two viral families, Newcastle Disease and Fowlpox Viruses. In addition, the extracts were evaluated for the presence of the major secondary metabolites classes. The highest activity recorded was obtained for Zizyphus spina-christi against S. aureus and K. pneumoniae. Seven of the tested extracts, showed virucidal activity of NDV while eight plant extracts exhibited high activity against replication of PV. Our results support, at least in part, the uses of most plants in ethnopharmacological claims.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"8-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70598044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-29DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.3
S. Razavi, G. Imanzadeh, M. Davari
Zosima absinthifolia belongs to the Apiaceae family and is found in Iran, Turkey, Iraq and different countries of the Caucasus, Middle East and Central Asia. The fruits are used as food flavoring and as a food spice in Iran. In the present work, an n-hexane extract of the plant seeds was purified by vacuum liquid chromatography and preparative TLC for affording a furanocoumarin named imperatorin and two known coumarins, 7-prenyloxy coumarin and aurapten. The compound structures were elucidated by UV, 1H and 13C NMR data. Our results indicated that all tree compounds, especially imperatorin exhibited fungi toxic activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a common plant pathogen. The compounds also displayed phytotoxic effects and stunted seed germination, shoot and root growth of lettuce. It could be concluded that the purified compounds play allelopathic roles for the plant and could protect the plant against pathogens and competing herbs.
{"title":"Coumarins from Zosima absinthifolia seeds, with allelopatic effects","authors":"S. Razavi, G. Imanzadeh, M. Davari","doi":"10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.3","url":null,"abstract":"Zosima absinthifolia belongs to the Apiaceae family and is found in Iran, Turkey, Iraq and different countries of the Caucasus, Middle East and Central Asia. The fruits are used as food flavoring and as a food spice in Iran. In the present work, an n-hexane extract of the plant seeds was purified by vacuum liquid chromatography and preparative TLC for affording a furanocoumarin named imperatorin and two known coumarins, 7-prenyloxy coumarin and aurapten. The compound structures were elucidated by UV, 1H and 13C NMR data. Our results indicated that all tree compounds, especially imperatorin exhibited fungi toxic activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a common plant pathogen. The compounds also displayed phytotoxic effects and stunted seed germination, shoot and root growth of lettuce. It could be concluded that the purified compounds play allelopathic roles for the plant and could protect the plant against pathogens and competing herbs.","PeriodicalId":11848,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Biosciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"17-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5053/EJOBIOS.2010.4.0.3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70598136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-07-01DOI: 10.5053/EJOBIOS.2009.3.0.14
M. S. Sakcali, Memduh Serin
Genus Diplotaxis is represented by more than 20 species mainly distributed in the North Mediterranean. Out of these Diplotaxis tenuifolia (wild rocket) is used widely in Italian and French cuisine. It has also been used for medicinal purpose for different illnesses throughout the history. In this study the germination behaviour of the seeds of D. tenuifolia was investigated. The seeds were very sensitive to pH and salinity stress. The seed germination increased under daylight conditions reaching a level of 80 percent but decreased in dark and continuous light. A remarkable increase was recorded (60%) in the germination of seeds subjected to +4°C shock for a week or two before left for germination. Pre-hydration followed by re-drying increased the germination to some extent (28%). These findings reveal that the storage conditions are important for establishing a seed bank of D. tenuifolia, in order to get highest germination.
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