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Influences of girdling and potassium treatments on fruit quality and some physiological characters of ‘Fremont’ mandarin variety 环剥和钾肥处理对‘弗里蒙特’柑橘果实品质及某些生理特性的影响
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2021-0015
Tuğba Ülker, M. Kamiloğlu
Abstract Growing citrus involves cultural treatments such as girdling and foliar potassium treatment to increase fruit size, yield and quality. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of single and double stem girdling, potassium nitrate (KNO3) treatment on leaves and combinations of these treatments on the fruit yield, size and quality characteristics, leaf chlorophyll concentration and leaf nitrogen content, leaf fluorescence (PSII) and leaf sugar content of the ‘Fremont’ mandarin variety. Girdling treatments were applied on the stem by removing 4 mm wide ring of bark at the end of anthesis and after the June fruit drop. Foliar KNO3 applications were applied at a concentration of 4% twice (90 days and 120 days after full anthesis) in the experiment. The single girdling (SG) and double girdling (DG) treatments on stems increased fruit yield (kg · tree−1) by approximately 40% relative to the control (C). Treatments did not significantly affect the internal fruit quality of the ‘Fremont’ mandarin variety except in fruit colour and appearance. The highest impact on fruit size was found in the DG + KNO3 treatment. According to treatments and periods, the SPAD values varied between 62.08 and 70.67, whereas the PSII values varied between 0.698 and 0.756. The treatments significantly increased the leaf nitrogen (N) concentration and the fructose, glucose and sucrose concentrations relative to the control. The highest N concentration content was detected in the foliar potassium treatment, and the highest total sugar content was detected in the SG treatment.
摘要种植柑橘需要进行环剥和叶面钾处理等栽培处理,以增加果实大小、产量和质量。本研究的目的是评估单茎和双茎环剥、硝酸钾(KNO3)对叶片的处理以及这些处理的组合对“Fremont”柑橘品种的产量、大小和质量特征、叶片叶绿素浓度和叶片氮含量、叶片荧光(PSII)和叶糖含量的影响。在开花末期和六月落果后,通过去除4mm宽的树皮环对茎进行围带处理。在实验中,以4%的浓度施用叶面KNO3两次(开花后90天和120天)。茎上单环剥(SG)和双环剥(DG)处理的果实产量(kg·tree−1)比对照(C)增加了约40%。除果实颜色和外观外,处理对“弗里蒙特”柑橘品种的内部果实质量没有显著影响。DG+KNO3处理对果实大小的影响最大。根据处理和周期,SPAD值在62.08和70.67之间变化,而PSII值在0.698和0.756之间变化。与对照相比,处理显著提高了叶片氮浓度以及果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖浓度。叶面钾处理的N浓度含量最高,SG处理的总糖含量最高。
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引用次数: 3
Silicon dioxide-nanoparticle nutrition mitigates salinity in gerbera by modulating ion accumulation and antioxidants 二氧化硅纳米颗粒营养通过调节离子积累和抗氧化剂来减轻非洲菊的盐度
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2021-0007
H. S. Hajizadeh, M. Asadi, S. Zahedi, N. Hamzehpour, F. Rasouli, M. Helvaci, T. Alas
Abstract This work aimed to investigate the interaction between salt stress and the application of silicon dioxide-nanoparticles. In this study, gerbera plants grown in soilless culture were supplied with nutrient solutions with different NaCl concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20 and 30 mM) in combination with SiO2-NPs spray (0, 25 and 50 mg · L−1). Exposure of gerbera to salinity increased sodium concentration but decreased potassium and calcium concentrations in leaf as well as stem length/diameter, fresh/dry weight, leaf/flower number, flower diameter and leaf area. It also increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes and electrolyte leakage. Results indicated that SiO2-NPs could improve growth, biochemical and physiological traits. It increased stem thickness but slightly affected stem length. Flower diameter was not affected by salinity rates up to 10 mM of NaCl. However, a significant difference was observed between controls and plants treated with 30 mM of NaCl. Salinity increased the electrolyte leakage (32.5%), malondialdehyde (83.8%), hydrogen peroxide (113.5%), and the antioxidant enzyme activities such as ascorbate peroxidase (3.4-fold) and guaiacol peroxidase (6-fold) where SiO2-NPs activated them more, except for superoxide dismutase. Under salinity (30 mM), the increase in SiO2-NPs (especially at 25 mg · L−1) led to the increase in the uptake of Ca2+ (25.3%) as well as K+ (27.1%) and decreased absorption of Na+ (6.3%). SiO2-NPs has potential in improving salinity tolerance in gerbera. It seems that the sensitivity threshold of gerbera to the salinity was 10 mM and the use of SiO2-NPs is also effective in non-saline conditions.
摘要本工作旨在研究盐应力与二氧化硅纳米颗粒应用之间的相互作用。在本研究中,向在无土培养中生长的非洲菊植物提供不同NaCl浓度(0、5、10、20和30mM)的营养溶液,并结合SiO2 NPs喷雾(0、25和50mg·L−1)。沙鼠暴露于盐度会增加叶片中的钠浓度,但会降低叶片中的钾和钙浓度,以及茎长/直径、鲜重/干重、叶/花数、花径和叶面积。它还增加了抗氧化酶的活性和电解质渗漏。结果表明,SiO2纳米颗粒可以改善生长、生化和生理特性。它增加了茎的厚度,但对茎的长度略有影响。花的直径不受高达10mM NaCl的盐度的影响。然而,在对照和用30mM NaCl处理的植物之间观察到显著差异。盐度增加了电解质渗漏(32.5%)、丙二醛(83.8%)、过氧化氢(113.5%)和抗氧化酶活性,如抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(3.4倍)和愈创木酚过氧化物酶(6倍),其中SiO2 NPs对它们的激活更多,但超氧化物歧化酶除外。在盐度(30mM)下,SiO2 NPs的增加(尤其是在25mg·L−1时)导致对Ca2+和K+的吸收增加(25.3%),对Na+的吸收减少(6.3%)。非洲菊对盐度的敏感性阈值似乎为10mM,并且在非盐水条件下使用SiO2 NP也是有效的。
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引用次数: 10
Application of plant natural products for the management of postharvest diseases in fruits 植物天然产物在果实采后病害防治中的应用
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2021-0016
Chunpeng Wan, I. Kahramanoğlu, V. Okatan
Abstract Prevention of postharvest losses has been a very important concern in the scientific world for many centuries, since adoption of an effective means to curtail such losses is believed to help in reaching sustainability in horticultural production and prevention of hunger around the world. The main means of deterioration in fruits, which may occur after harvest, include physiological changes/losses, physical losses, biochemical changes, changes in enzymatic activities and pathological deterioration. Among these, diseases cover the most important part; the losses due to diseases range from 5% to 20%, and this figure may extend up to >50% in the cases of certain susceptible cultivars. Fungicides have been the most important tool for the management of postharvest diseases for many years, together with hygiene, cold storage and packaging. However, due to the scientifically confirmed hazards of agro-chemicals on environment and human health, the acceptability of agro-chemicals decreased and scientists turned their attention towards natural alternatives. Most tropical and subtropical fruits contain a superficial cuticle, which helps them to regulate respiration and transpiration and protects against microbial decay. However, the waxy cuticle is generally being removed or damaged during washing or other handling practices. Therefore, the application of protective coatings (including wax) has been used in the fruit industry since the twelfth century, against microbial decay and for maintaining an acceptable standard of postharvest quality. This review aims to summarise and discuss the main natural products used for this purpose, to provide a broad-in-scope guide to farmers and the fruit storage sector.
几个世纪以来,预防收获后损失一直是科学界非常关注的一个问题,因为采取有效的手段来减少这种损失被认为有助于实现园艺生产的可持续性和预防世界各地的饥饿。果实在收获后可能发生的变质主要包括生理变化/损失、物理损失、生化变化、酶活性变化和病理性变质。其中,疾病占了最重要的部分;由于病害造成的损失从5%到20%不等,在某些易感品种的情况下,这一数字可能扩大到50%到50%。多年来,杀菌剂与卫生、冷藏和包装一道一直是管理采后病害的最重要工具。然而,由于科学证实了农用化学品对环境和人类健康的危害,农用化学品的可接受性下降,科学家们将注意力转向了天然替代品。大多数热带和亚热带水果都有表皮,这有助于调节呼吸和蒸腾作用,防止微生物腐烂。然而,在清洗或其他处理过程中,蜡质角质层通常会被去除或损坏。因此,自12世纪以来,保护涂层(包括蜡)一直用于水果工业,以防止微生物腐烂并保持可接受的采后质量标准。本综述旨在总结和讨论用于这一目的的主要天然产品,为农民和水果储存部门提供广泛的指导。
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引用次数: 15
Parameters of radish phytomass (Raphanus sativus L.) determined by vermicompost and earthworms (Eisenia fetida) 蚯蚓和蚯蚓测定萝卜(Raphanus sativus L.)植物群参数
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2021-0017
P. Kováčik, K. Olšovská, S. Smoleń, Iwona Ledwożyw-Smoleń
Abstract In 2-year outdoor pots experiment, which was realised in the vegetation cage situated in the campus of Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, both the impact of different doses of vermicompost (Vc) (0%, 10%, 20%, 25% and 50%) and the number of earthworms (EW) (0, 10 and 20 individuals/pot) in the soil substrate were studied on the quantitative and qualitative parameters of radish yield. The achieved results show that along with the increasing quantity of Vc, the total chlorophyll content also increased proportionally. The content of vitamin C declined and the content of nitrates increased in both the aboveground and underground biomass. The weight of the roots and leaves of radish increased until the content of Vc in the substrate did not exceed 20%. Vermicompost abundance >20% led to the decline of root and leaf biomass formation. The root yield and leaf biomass were higher in the presence of 50% Vc content in the substrate, compared with the control. The EW had mostly a negative impact on radish phytomass formation, particularly both weight and root diameter. The highest percentage of roots weight decline cultivated in the treatment with EW were obtained with the least dose of Vc (10%), thereby the least quantity of fodder for the EW. The impact of EW on the total chlorophyll, vitamin C and nitrates contents in roots and leaves was non-significant. The number of EW did not influence the root diameter and content of vitamin C; however, it affected the root weight.
摘要在位于尼特拉的斯洛伐克农业大学校园内的植被笼中进行了为期2年的户外盆栽实验,研究了不同剂量的蚯蚓堆肥(Vc)(0%、10%、20%、25%和50%)和土壤基质中蚯蚓数量(0、10和20条/盆)对萝卜产量的定量和定性参数的影响。结果表明,随着Vc用量的增加,总叶绿素含量也呈比例增加。地上和地下生物量中维生素C含量下降,硝酸盐含量增加。萝卜根和叶的重量增加,直到基质中Vc的含量不超过20%。虫体丰度>20%导致根和叶生物量形成下降。与对照相比,基质中Vc含量为50%时,根系产量和叶片生物量较高。EW对萝卜植物团的形成,特别是对根重和根径都有负面影响。在EW处理中培养的根重下降百分比最高的是用最小剂量的Vc(10%),因此EW的饲料量最少。EW对根和叶中总叶绿素、维生素C和硝酸盐含量的影响不显著。EW的数量对根径和维生素C含量没有影响;但对根重有影响。
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引用次数: 2
Evaluation of the possibility of obtaining viable seeds from the cross-breeding Hippeastrum × chmielii Chm. with selected cultivars of Hippeastrum hybridum Hort. 杂交育种马尾草获得活种可能性的评价。与选定品种的海马菊短。
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2021-0014
P. Marciniak, A. Jędrzejuk, D. Sochacki
Abstract Hippeastrum sp. is a popular cut flower and a popular potted plant, currently occupying the 11th position among cut flowers sold on the Dutch flower auctions. Hippeastrum × chmielii was bred by Henryk Chmiel at the Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS), Poland. The aim of this study was designed to test the ability of two clones of H. × chmielii to reproduce generatively by pollinating by three cultivars of Hippeastrum hybridum – ‘Gervase’, ‘Rio Negro’ and ‘Royal Velvet’. Pollen viability was tested by germination on the medium and by acetocarmine staining. The receptiveness of the stigmas and ovules of H. × chmielii and thus their ability to possibly accept compatible pollen were checked by staining with red alizarin. The viability of pollen grains of tested cultivars was estimated at 66.4–83.0% and their high ability to develop pollen tube was found. It was determined that the embryos of both H. × chmielii clones were fully receptive. A total of 72 crossings were performed in 6 combinations. Seeds collected about 1 month after pollination were germinated immediately after harvest either on moist tissue paper on Petri dishes or in jars with distilled water. After 28 days the percentage of germinated seeds ranged between 48.3% and 77.9%, for different crosses. In the case of seeds obtained from crossing H. × chmielii clone 18 × H. hybridum ‘Gervase’ a higher average percentage of germinated seeds was obtained in jars while no differences were noted between the germination methods in other cases.
摘要海马菊(Hippeastrum)是一种受欢迎的切花和盆栽植物,目前在荷兰花卉拍卖的切花中排名第11位。chmielii是由Henryk Chmiel在波兰华沙生命科学大学(WULS)培育的。本研究旨在通过杂交马(Hippeastrum hybridum)的三个品种‘Gervase’、‘里约热内卢Negro’和‘Royal Velvet’的传粉,测试两个克隆的繁殖能力。通过培养基萌发和乙酰胭脂红染色检测花粉活力。用红茜素染色法测定了金针花柱头和胚珠的接受性,并由此测定了它们可能接受相容花粉的能力。试验品种花粉粒活力为66.4 ~ 83.0%,花粉管发育能力强。结果表明,两个克隆的胚胎均具有完全受感能力。共进行6种组合72次交叉。授粉后约1个月采集的种子在收获后立即在培养皿上的湿纸巾上发芽,或在装有蒸馏水的罐子里发芽。28 d后,不同杂交的种子发芽率在48.3% ~ 77.9%之间。在种子的情况下获得穿越h×chmielii克隆18×h . hybridum维斯的获得了更高的平均发芽种子的比例在罐子之间没有差异被发现在其他情况下的发芽方法。
{"title":"Evaluation of the possibility of obtaining viable seeds from the cross-breeding Hippeastrum × chmielii Chm. with selected cultivars of Hippeastrum hybridum Hort.","authors":"P. Marciniak, A. Jędrzejuk, D. Sochacki","doi":"10.2478/fhort-2021-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2021-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hippeastrum sp. is a popular cut flower and a popular potted plant, currently occupying the 11th position among cut flowers sold on the Dutch flower auctions. Hippeastrum × chmielii was bred by Henryk Chmiel at the Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS), Poland. The aim of this study was designed to test the ability of two clones of H. × chmielii to reproduce generatively by pollinating by three cultivars of Hippeastrum hybridum – ‘Gervase’, ‘Rio Negro’ and ‘Royal Velvet’. Pollen viability was tested by germination on the medium and by acetocarmine staining. The receptiveness of the stigmas and ovules of H. × chmielii and thus their ability to possibly accept compatible pollen were checked by staining with red alizarin. The viability of pollen grains of tested cultivars was estimated at 66.4–83.0% and their high ability to develop pollen tube was found. It was determined that the embryos of both H. × chmielii clones were fully receptive. A total of 72 crossings were performed in 6 combinations. Seeds collected about 1 month after pollination were germinated immediately after harvest either on moist tissue paper on Petri dishes or in jars with distilled water. After 28 days the percentage of germinated seeds ranged between 48.3% and 77.9%, for different crosses. In the case of seeds obtained from crossing H. × chmielii clone 18 × H. hybridum ‘Gervase’ a higher average percentage of germinated seeds was obtained in jars while no differences were noted between the germination methods in other cases.","PeriodicalId":12277,"journal":{"name":"Folia Horticulturae","volume":"33 1","pages":"185 - 194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41598732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Foliar application of polyamines improve some morphological and physiological characteristics of rose 叶面施用多胺改善了玫瑰的一些形态和生理特性
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2021-05-18 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2021-0012
Fereshteh K. Yousefi, Z. Jabbarzadeh, J. Amiri, M. Rasouli-Sadaghiani, A. Shaygan
Abstract Objective This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of foliar spray of polyamines on some morphological and physiological characteristics of rose. Materials and methods Experimental variants involved the type (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) and concentration (0 mM, 1 mM, 2 mM and 4 mM) of polyamines. In this research, the plant height, number of leaves and shoots, leaf area and thickness, fresh and dry weight of leaf and stem, the content of anthocyanin, soluble sugar, phenol and antioxidant capacity were measured 2 weeks after the end of experiment. Results Results indicated that among all polyamine types, putrescine has the highest effect on the morphological characteristics. Among different concentrations of polyamines, the concentration of 1 mM resulted in the highest increase in shoot fresh and dry weight. Putrescine application at 2 mM and 4 mM concentrations increased soluble sugar content. In the present study, polyamine treatment reduced the content of anthocyanin, phenol and antioxidant capacity. Conclusions It can be cocluded that application of polyamines improved some morphological and physiological traits in various ways.
摘要目的研究叶面喷洒多胺对玫瑰某些形态和生理特性的影响。材料和方法实验变体涉及多胺的类型(腐胺、亚精胺和精胺)和浓度(0mM、1mM、2mM和4mM)。本研究在实验结束后2周测定了植株的株高、叶和梢数、叶面积和厚度、叶和茎的鲜干重、花青素含量、可溶性糖、苯酚含量和抗氧化能力。结果在所有多胺类型中,腐胺对其形态特征的影响最大。在不同浓度的多胺中,1mM的浓度导致芽鲜重和干重的最高增加。施用2mM和4mM浓度的Putrescine增加了可溶性糖含量。在本研究中,多胺处理降低了花青素、苯酚的含量和抗氧化能力。结论多胺的应用以多种方式改善了一些形态和生理性状。
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引用次数: 8
Meiotic behaviour and pollen fertility of F1, F2 and BC1 progenies of Iris dichotoma and I. domestica 鸢尾和家蝇F1、F2和BC1后代的减数分裂行为和花粉育性
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2021-05-15 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2021-0013
Wenji Xu, Gang-jun Luo, Xiaoyin Lian, Feng-yang Yu, Yang Zheng, J. Lei, Xiaoying Bi
Abstract Pollen characteristics are very important for Iris interspecific hybridisation. In this study, the pollen viability and male meiosis were studied in yellow-flowered Iris dichotoma (Y2), I. domestica (S3) and their hybrids F1, F2 and BC1 (BC1-Y and BC1-S). The BC1-Y hybrids showed higher pollen viability than that of F1, F2 and BC1-S hybrids, which were between I. dichotoma (26.1%) and I. domestica (35.1%). Two sterile hybrids, F2-1 and BC1-S-1, exhibited more meiotic abnormalities (57.3% and 58.7%) than other individuals. During the first meiotic division, a diffuse diplotene stage was observed for the first time in the genus Iris. The meiotic abnormalities included non-congressed chromosomes, chromosome bridges, lagging chromosomes, unequal division, abnormally oriented spindle fibres, nonsynchronous division and polyad, and resulted in reduced pollen fertility. The relatively high frequency of 2n pollen grains was found in hybrids of BC1-Y-2, BC1-Y-1, BC1-S-2, BC1-S-3 and BC1-S-4. Our research provides a new resource for meiotic behaviour and pollen fertility of the genus Iris.
花粉特征对鸢尾种间杂交具有重要意义。对黄花鸢尾(Y2)、家蝇(S3)及其杂种F1、F2和BC1 (BC1- y和BC1- s)的花粉活力和雄性减数分裂进行了研究。BC1-Y杂交种的花粉活力高于F1、F2和BC1-S杂交种的花粉活力,介于二角家蝇(26.1%)和家蝇(35.1%)之间。2个不育杂种F2-1和BC1-S-1的减数分裂异常发生率分别为57.3%和58.7%。在鸢尾属植物第一次减数分裂中,首次观察到弥漫性二倍体期。减数分裂异常包括染色体不重合、染色体桥、染色体滞后、不等分裂、纺锤体纤维定向异常、分裂不同步和多体,导致花粉育性降低。杂种BC1-Y-2、BC1-Y-1、BC1-S-2、BC1-S-3和BC1-S-4的2n花粉粒频率较高。本研究为鸢尾属植物减数分裂行为和花粉育性研究提供了新的资源。
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引用次数: 2
Genetic diversity and structure analysis of Croatian garlic collection assessed by SSR markers 克罗地亚大蒜种质的SSR标记遗传多样性及结构分析
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2021-05-13 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2021-0011
D. Poljuha, M. Franić, Ines Kralj, T. Weber, Z. Šatović, D. Ban, N. Toth, G. Dumičić, S. Kereša, Camila Pinto da Cunha, S. G. Goreta Ban
Abstract This study examines genetic diversity and structure of a Croatian garlic germplasm collection using 13 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. A total of 71 alleles were observed across 64 accessions representing 3 Croatian regions (Istria, Dalmatia and continental Croatia) and 16 foreign landraces, with an average of 5.46 alleles per locus. Among the 80 accessions analysed, 61 distinct multilocus genotypes (MLG) were identified, of which 51 represented unique genotypes and the remaining accessions were divided into 10 MLG groups, comprising potential duplicates or redundant genotypes. Model-based Bayesian and hierarchical UPGMA clustering approaches revealed five major groups within the collection which partially correlated with geographical origin. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that the majority (87.71%) of the total molecular diversity is within the Croatian groups of accessions, even though a significant share (12.29%) of diversity derived from genetic diversity among groups. These results support regional structuring, as well as the existence of significant diversity within local populations. This study is the first comprehensive report on an extensive evaluation of genetic resources of garlic maintained by Croatia with the aim of setting the course for future preservation strategies with particular emphasis on the value of diversity in the context of climate change both on macro and micro levels.
摘要本研究利用13个SSR标记分析了克罗地亚大蒜种质资源的遗传多样性和结构。在克罗地亚3个大区(伊斯特拉、达尔马提亚和克罗地亚大陆)和16个外省的64份材料中共检测到71个等位基因,平均每个位点有5.46个等位基因。在分析的80份材料中,鉴定出61份不同的多位点基因型(MLG),其中51份代表独特的基因型,其余材料被分为10个多位点基因型组,其中包括潜在的重复或冗余基因型。基于模型的贝叶斯聚类方法和分层UPGMA聚类方法揭示了集合中与地理来源部分相关的五大类群。分子变异分析(AMOVA)表明,大部分(87.71%)的分子多样性来自克罗地亚群体,尽管12.29%的多样性来自群体间的遗传多样性。这些结果支持区域结构,以及当地人口中显著多样性的存在。这项研究是对克罗地亚保存的大蒜遗传资源进行广泛评估的第一份综合报告,其目的是为未来的保存策略制定路线,特别强调在宏观和微观层面上气候变化背景下多样性的价值。
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引用次数: 4
Sensitivity of quinoa cv. ‘Titicaca’ to low salinity conditions “Titicaca”藜对低盐度条件的敏感性
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2021-04-26 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2021-0010
M. Rodríguez-Hernández, Luna Morcillo, I. Garmendia
Abstract Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Will.) is an annual herbaceous Andean plant. In recent years there is a growing interest on it due to its high quality as food, its wide adaptation to agroecological conditions and resistance to different abiotic stresses. In this work, we evaluate the growth pattern of quinoa plants cv. ‘Titicaca’, subjected to different levels of salinity, focusing on leaf production and nutrient content. In this sense, the results have shown that a high concentration of salinity negatively affects the growth of quinoa plants. In fact, plants grown with 200 mM NaCl reduced the photosynthetic rate and levels of chlorophylls and carotenoids in comparison with the rest of the treatments. Likewise, it has been proven how the progressive increase in salinity has negative effects on transpiration, stomatal conductance and photosynthetic rate, with significant subsequent reductions in shoot biomass, leaf area and nutrient adquisition, but without a decline in leaf dry weight (DW) production. However, the treatment of 200 mM NaCl demonstrated the best results regarding the water-use efficiency, as well as the number of saline glands. According to our results, the quinoa plant cv. ‘Titicaca’ seems to be tolerant to moderate concentrations of salinity (50–100 mM NaCl). This study could serve as a reference on this little known and cultivated species in the Mediterranean region, since it could become an alternative crop in areas with moderate salinity problems.
藜麦(Chenopodium Quinoa Will.)是安第斯山脉的一年生草本植物。近年来,由于其作为食品的高品质、对农业生态条件的广泛适应性和对不同非生物胁迫的抗性,人们对其越来越感兴趣。在这项工作中,我们评估了藜麦植物cv的生长模式。“的的喀喀岛”,受到不同程度的盐度,重点是叶片产量和营养成分。从这个意义上说,结果表明高浓度的盐度对藜麦植物的生长有负面影响。事实上,与其他处理相比,200 mM NaCl处理降低了植物的光合速率和叶绿素和类胡萝卜素的水平。同样,已经证明盐度的逐渐增加对蒸腾、气孔导度和光合速率有负面影响,导致茎部生物量、叶面积和养分吸收显著减少,但叶干重(DW)产量没有下降。然而,在水分利用效率和生理盐水腺数量方面,200 mM NaCl处理的效果最好。根据我们的研究结果,藜麦植株cv。“的的喀喀湖”似乎能耐受中等浓度的盐度(50-100 mM NaCl)。该研究可作为地中海地区这一鲜为人知的栽培品种的参考,因为它可以成为中度盐度问题地区的替代作物。
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引用次数: 3
Gibberellic acid and 6-benzyladenine reduce time to flowering and improve flower quality of Laelia anceps 赤霉素酸和6-苄基腺嘌呤可缩短牡丹的开花时间,提高花色品质
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2021-04-17 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2021-0009
O. Tejeda-Sartorius, H. Vaquera-Huerta, L. Trejo-Téllez, R. Soto-Hernández, J. Sánchez-Escudero
Abstract The efficacy of plant growth regulators (PGRs) has been demonstrated in the flowering of economically significant orchid hybrids, but studies of their effects in wild species with commercial potential are scarce. The effect of three doses of gibberellic acid (GA3) and 6-benzyladenine (BA), individually or in combination, and a control without PGRs, were evaluated during three flowering periods in Laelia anceps subsp. anceps, in the temporal behavior of flowering, morpho-floral quality parameters and in potential residual effects and malformations. Significant effects were observed between the experimental periods and doses used, with a single application of PGRs in the first period reducing the days to visible flower induction (DVFI), days to anthesis (DAN) and days of flower life (DFL), mainly in the first period. There were no significant differences between doses for morpho-floral quality parameters within each period, but differences existed between experimental periods, where the life and size of the flower increased in the first period, and the number of flowers and flower stems increased significantly in the second period. The doses of 2.37 mg · L−1 BA + 100 mg · L−1 GA3 showed highest significant consistency in the reduction of DVFI, DAN and increase of DFL and flower stems in the study. There were no floral malformations, and a positive residual effect was observed in temporal variables in the second period. Most of the doses used encourage beneficial effects in the various aspects of flowering evaluated.
摘要植物生长调节剂(pgr)在具有重要经济价值的兰花杂交品种开花中的作用已经得到证实,但对具有商业潜力的野生品种的影响研究却很少。研究了赤霉素酸(GA3)和6-苄基腺嘌呤(BA)单独或联合施用3种剂量,以及不施用pgr的对照在3个花期的效果。在开花的时间行为,形态-花的质量参数和潜在的残留效应和畸形。在不同的试验时期和剂量之间观察到显著的影响,在第一个时期单次施用pgr减少了可见花诱导(DVFI)、开花(DAN)和花寿命(DFL)的天数,主要在第一个时期。不同剂量间各时期形态花质量参数差异不显著,但不同时期存在差异,第一时期花的寿命和大小显著增加,第二时期花和花茎数量显著增加。2.37 mg·L−1 BA + 100 mg·L−1 GA3在降低DVFI、DAN、增加DFL和花茎方面的一致性最高。在第二阶段的时间变量中观察到正的残余效应。所使用的大多数剂量对开花的各个方面都有有益的影响。
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引用次数: 2
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Folia Horticulturae
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