Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108445
Yutong Hu , Ying Wang , Xiaohong Sun , Li Wang , Jiang Jiang
Legume protein–based yogurts formulated without added fat or stabilizers typically exhibit poor gelation capacity and are prone to phase separation. To overcome this limitation and extend the applicability of pH-shifting in yogurt systems, a synergistic modification strategy for mung bean protein isolate (MBPI) was developed by integrating heat–alkali treatment (pH 10.5, 50 °C) with limited proteolysis using papain or bromelain. SDS–PAGE analysis showed that papain induced controlled hydrolysis while largely preserving the medium-molecular-weight protein fractions. Compared with native MBPI (solubility: 23.7 %), MBPI subjected to pH-shifting combined with papain treatment exhibited a pronounced increase in solubility (75.5 %) and formed gels with enhanced water-holding capacity (WHC, 78.6 %) and improved viscoelastic properties (G′/G″). The combined treatment slightly reduced gel hardness due to particle size reduction, resulting in a finer gel structure suitable for yogurt products. LF-NMR analysis further confirmed a more restricted water distribution within the modified gels, indicating the formation of a stable and cohesive gel network. Overall, these findings demonstrate an effective approach for alleviating textural limitations in plant-based yogurts and support the development of high-quality, clean-label fermented products.
{"title":"Structural modification of mung bean protein isolate via heat–pH shifting and limited enzymatic hydrolysis: Enhancing gelation of additive-free yogurt","authors":"Yutong Hu , Ying Wang , Xiaohong Sun , Li Wang , Jiang Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108445","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108445","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Legume protein–based yogurts formulated without added fat or stabilizers typically exhibit poor gelation capacity and are prone to phase separation. To overcome this limitation and extend the applicability of pH-shifting in yogurt systems, a synergistic modification strategy for mung bean protein isolate (MBPI) was developed by integrating heat–alkali treatment (pH 10.5, 50 °C) with limited proteolysis using papain or bromelain. SDS–PAGE analysis showed that papain induced controlled hydrolysis while largely preserving the medium-molecular-weight protein fractions. Compared with native MBPI (solubility: 23.7 %), MBPI subjected to pH-shifting combined with papain treatment exhibited a pronounced increase in solubility (75.5 %) and formed gels with enhanced water-holding capacity (WHC, 78.6 %) and improved viscoelastic properties (G′/G″). The combined treatment slightly reduced gel hardness due to particle size reduction, resulting in a finer gel structure suitable for yogurt products. LF-NMR analysis further confirmed a more restricted water distribution within the modified gels, indicating the formation of a stable and cohesive gel network. Overall, these findings demonstrate an effective approach for alleviating textural limitations in plant-based yogurts and support the development of high-quality, clean-label fermented products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 108445"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146161925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108395
Shugang Li , Weiyun Zheng , Wudeng Wang , Xiaomeng Ren , Shuang Song , Chunqing Ai
The gut microbiota plays an important role in regulating pulmonary inflammation via the gut-lung axis. In this study, Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum AL44, isolated from healthy infant feces, was evaluated in a mouse model of Enterococcus faecium-induced pneumonia. AL44 treatment markedly alleviated lung histopathological injury, oxidative stress, and inflammatory macrophage polarization. These protective effects were associated with modulation of the gut microbiota, characterized by the enrichment of beneficial taxa, enhanced intestinal barrier integrity, and reduced systemic endotoxin and inflammatory cytokine levels. Targeted serum metabolomics revealed significant alterations in amino acid metabolism, particularly within the glycine-serine-threonine-betaine pathway. In vitro studies showed that betaine, a key AL44-associated metabolite, suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response by inhibiting activation of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) signaling pathway. Collectively, these results imply that AL44 mitigates pulmonary inflammation via modulation of the gut-lung axis, with betaine-mediated suppression of the NLRP3 signaling representing a potential pathway, supporting AL44 as a promising probiotic candidate for the management of pneumonia.
{"title":"Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum AL44 ameliorates Enterococcus faecium-induced lung inflammation through NLRP3 suppression along the gut-lung axis","authors":"Shugang Li , Weiyun Zheng , Wudeng Wang , Xiaomeng Ren , Shuang Song , Chunqing Ai","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The gut microbiota plays an important role in regulating pulmonary inflammation via the gut-lung axis. In this study, <em>Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum</em> AL44, isolated from healthy infant feces, was evaluated in a mouse model of <em>Enterococcus faecium</em>-induced pneumonia. AL44 treatment markedly alleviated lung histopathological injury, oxidative stress, and inflammatory macrophage polarization. These protective effects were associated with modulation of the gut microbiota, characterized by the enrichment of beneficial taxa, enhanced intestinal barrier integrity, and reduced systemic endotoxin and inflammatory cytokine levels. Targeted serum metabolomics revealed significant alterations in amino acid metabolism, particularly within the glycine-serine-threonine-betaine pathway. <em>In vitro</em> studies showed that betaine, a key AL44-associated metabolite, suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response by inhibiting activation of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) signaling pathway. Collectively, these results imply that AL44 mitigates pulmonary inflammation via modulation of the gut-lung axis, with betaine-mediated suppression of the NLRP3 signaling representing a potential pathway, supporting AL44 as a promising probiotic candidate for the management of pneumonia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 108395"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146162047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108422
Dan Li , Yuwei Liu , Cuicui Duan , Fumin Ma , Byung-Hoo Lee , Xiaolei Li
GtfC type 4,6-α-glucanotransferase could induce short branches in starch by catalyzing inter- or inside-chain transglycosylation. To improve activity of wild-type (WT) GsGtfC from Geobacillus sp., 15 mutants were engineered by site-directed mutagenesis based on amino acid alignments, enzyme-substrate docking and dynamic simulation. At 2 U/g starch, five mutants with increased specific activity by 1.02–1.63-fold reduced molecular weight of starch from 8.85 × 107 to 4.18 × 107–9.58 × 106 and increased DP ≤ 12 short branches from 33.18 to 35.77–43.65%, compared with WT. Retrogradation enthalpy of starch modified by K342V and WT reduced to 0.27 J/g and 0.69 J/g on the 14th day. RDS (rapidly digestible starch) of starch modified by K520A and WT decreased to 75.91% and 83.20%, and SDS (slowly digestible starch) increased to 22.88% and 11.85%. Glucose release from starch modified by K342V, K520A and D350N in a decreased order was significantly lower than that of WT from 120 to 360 min at small intestinal α-glucosidase level. Amino acid substitution strengthened enzyme-substrate affinity and stabilized critical hydrophobic interactions to enhance activity.
{"title":"Enhanced suppression of retrogradation and digestibility in waxy rice starch by engineered mutants of GtfC type 4,6-α-glucanotransferase from Geobacillus sp.","authors":"Dan Li , Yuwei Liu , Cuicui Duan , Fumin Ma , Byung-Hoo Lee , Xiaolei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>GtfC type 4,6-α-glucanotransferase could induce short branches in starch by catalyzing inter- or inside-chain transglycosylation. To improve activity of wild-type (WT) GsGtfC from <em>Geobacillus</em> sp., 15 mutants were engineered by site-directed mutagenesis based on amino acid alignments, enzyme-substrate docking and dynamic simulation. At 2 U/g starch, five mutants with increased specific activity by 1.02–1.63-fold reduced molecular weight of starch from 8.85 × 10<sup>7</sup> to 4.18 × 10<sup>7</sup>–9.58 × 10<sup>6</sup> and increased DP ≤ 12 short branches from 33.18 to 35.77–43.65%, compared with WT. Retrogradation enthalpy of starch modified by K342V and WT reduced to 0.27 J/g and 0.69 J/g on the 14th day. RDS (rapidly digestible starch) of starch modified by K520A and WT decreased to 75.91% and 83.20%, and SDS (slowly digestible starch) increased to 22.88% and 11.85%. Glucose release from starch modified by K342V, K520A and D350N in a decreased order was significantly lower than that of WT from 120 to 360 min at small intestinal α-glucosidase level. Amino acid substitution strengthened enzyme-substrate affinity and stabilized critical hydrophobic interactions to enhance activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 108422"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108378
Gaoqun He , Xinshuo Wang , Wenjian Yang , Shuqin Xia , Khizar Hayat , Heping Cui , Jingyang Yu , Shahzad Hussain
Peeling is critical in garlic processing, impacting product quality and economic efficiency. A pretreatment coupling water regulation with flexible extrusion was developed to improve pneumatic peeling efficiency, with its mechanism explored. Convective drying (40 °C/8 h) reduced peel moisture content to 10.3 % (wet basis), and subsequent flexible extrusion (10–15 N/7 s) treatment achieved a pneumatic peeling rate of 97.4 % with minimal quality deterioration. Water in the garlic peel cell wall was effectively removed during water regulation, disrupting the integrity of its polysaccharide network structure. Meanwhile, the mechanical strength of the peel and molecular weight of pectin were reduced. In addition, water removal damaged the epidermal wax layer and caused cellular contraction and collapse, thereby weakening the adhesion of the middle lamella. Furthermore, flexible extrusion induced cracks on the peel, facilitating peel fragmentation and removal. The results lay the groundwork for efficient peeling of irregular and thermosensitive agricultural products.
{"title":"Mechanism of water regulation-flexible extrusion in promoting garlic peeling: cell wall disruption and adhesion weakening","authors":"Gaoqun He , Xinshuo Wang , Wenjian Yang , Shuqin Xia , Khizar Hayat , Heping Cui , Jingyang Yu , Shahzad Hussain","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peeling is critical in garlic processing, impacting product quality and economic efficiency. A pretreatment coupling water regulation with flexible extrusion was developed to improve pneumatic peeling efficiency, with its mechanism explored. Convective drying (40 °C/8 h) reduced peel moisture content to 10.3 % (wet basis), and subsequent flexible extrusion (10–15 N/7 s) treatment achieved a pneumatic peeling rate of 97.4 % with minimal quality deterioration. Water in the garlic peel cell wall was effectively removed during water regulation, disrupting the integrity of its polysaccharide network structure. Meanwhile, the mechanical strength of the peel and molecular weight of pectin were reduced. In addition, water removal damaged the epidermal wax layer and caused cellular contraction and collapse, thereby weakening the adhesion of the middle lamella. Furthermore, flexible extrusion induced cracks on the peel, facilitating peel fragmentation and removal. The results lay the groundwork for efficient peeling of irregular and thermosensitive agricultural products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 108378"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-26DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108374
Xiaofang Liu , Jie Zhu , Wanyi Zou , Li Liang , Jixian Zhang , Chaoting Wen , Youdong Li , Guoyan Liu , Xin Xu
This study employed a Caco-2 intestinal model to evaluate the impact of soybean oil and its fatty acid constituents (oleic acid (OA), linoleic acid (LA), and linolenic acid (LNA)) on the intestinal absorption, transport, and toxicity of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF). Key findings demonstrated that dietary lipids significantly enhanced the bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) through synergistic active-passive transport mechanisms. Specifically, oil carriers increased BaP absorption by 14–17 % and BbF absorption by 12–15 % compared to free PAHs. Lipid-carried PAHs induced concentration-dependent cytotoxicity characterized by progressive lipid accumulation, elevated oxidative stress, mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, and apoptosis. The carrier-mediated enhancement followed a consistent potency gradient: free PAHs < OA < LNA < LA < oil carriers, implying the synergistic effect of multiple fatty acids in the oil carrier. These findings establish a pathological cycle of lipid-enhanced PAH absorption → intestinal barrier damage → further PAH accumulation, providing the first experimental analysis of dietary lipid-mediated PAH bioavailability and direct evidence for assessing PAH exposure risks in lipid-rich foods.
本研究采用Caco-2肠道模型，评估大豆油及其脂肪酸成分（油酸（OA）、亚油酸（LA）和亚麻酸（LNA））对苯并[a]芘（BaP）和苯并[b]芴（BbF）肠道吸收、转运和毒性的影响。主要研究结果表明，膳食脂类通过协同主动-被动转运机制显著提高了多环芳烃（PAHs）的生物利用度。具体来说，与游离多环芳烃相比，油载体增加了14 - 17%的BaP吸收和12 - 15%的BbF吸收。脂质携带多环芳烃诱导浓度依赖性细胞毒性，其特征为进行性脂质积累、氧化应激升高、线粒体膜电位塌陷和细胞凋亡。载体介导的增强遵循一致的效势梯度：游离PAHs <； OA < LNA < LA <；油载体，说明油载体中存在多种脂肪酸的协同作用。这些发现建立了一个脂质增强的多环芳烃吸收→肠屏障损伤→多环芳烃进一步积累的病理循环，首次提供了饮食脂质介导的多环芳烃生物利用度的实验分析，并为评估富含脂质食物中多环芳烃暴露风险提供了直接证据。
{"title":"Dietary lipids synergistically enhance PAH bioavailability and intestinal toxicity: Mechanistic insights from a Caco-2 model","authors":"Xiaofang Liu , Jie Zhu , Wanyi Zou , Li Liang , Jixian Zhang , Chaoting Wen , Youdong Li , Guoyan Liu , Xin Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study employed a Caco-2 intestinal model to evaluate the impact of soybean oil and its fatty acid constituents (oleic acid (OA), linoleic acid (LA), and linolenic acid (LNA)) on the intestinal absorption, transport, and toxicity of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF). Key findings demonstrated that dietary lipids significantly enhanced the bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) through synergistic active-passive transport mechanisms. Specifically, oil carriers increased BaP absorption by 14–17 % and BbF absorption by 12–15 % compared to free PAHs. Lipid-carried PAHs induced concentration-dependent cytotoxicity characterized by progressive lipid accumulation, elevated oxidative stress, mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, and apoptosis. The carrier-mediated enhancement followed a consistent potency gradient: free PAHs < OA < LNA < LA < oil carriers, implying the synergistic effect of multiple fatty acids in the oil carrier. These findings establish a pathological cycle of lipid-enhanced PAH absorption → intestinal barrier damage → further PAH accumulation, providing the first experimental analysis of dietary lipid-mediated PAH bioavailability and direct evidence for assessing PAH exposure risks in lipid-rich foods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 108374"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-26DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108377
Yingying Huang , Yanchun Shao , Chenglong Yang , István Molnár
Monascus azaphilone pigments (MPs) are widely used functional food additives. However, Monascus may simultaneously produce the mycotoxin citrinin (CIT), compromising MPs safety. Here, we used comparative genome, transcriptome, and quantitative data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS) proteome analyses to compare three representative Monascus purpureus strains: M3 with high MPs and high CIT titers, M34 with high MPs and low CIT titers, and M69 with low titers of both products. Comparative genomic analysis confirmed high similarity among these strains. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were identified by pairwise comparisons among the strains during peak metabolite production, and selected DEGs and DAPs were verified by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and parallel reaction monitoring. An integrated analysis revealed DEG/DAPs correlating with altered MPs and CIT production, providing insights for strain breeding to engineer safer and more efficient MPs production processes in the food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries.
{"title":"Integrated transcriptome and data-independent acquisition proteome analysis of the biosynthesis of Monascus azaphilone pigments and citrinin","authors":"Yingying Huang , Yanchun Shao , Chenglong Yang , István Molnár","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Monascus</em> azaphilone pigments (MPs) are widely used functional food additives. However, <em>Monascus</em> may simultaneously produce the mycotoxin citrinin (CIT), compromising MPs safety. Here, we used comparative genome, transcriptome, and quantitative data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS) proteome analyses to compare three representative <em>Monascus purpureus</em> strains: M3 with high MPs and high CIT titers, M34 with high MPs and low CIT titers, and M69 with low titers of both products. Comparative genomic analysis confirmed high similarity among these strains. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were identified by pairwise comparisons among the strains during peak metabolite production, and selected DEGs and DAPs were verified by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and parallel reaction monitoring. An integrated analysis revealed DEG/DAPs correlating with altered MPs and CIT production, providing insights for strain breeding to engineer safer and more efficient MPs production processes in the food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 108377"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-24DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108310
Antonio Derossi, Grazia Marinaro, Carmela Lamacchia, Rossella Caporizzi, Giulia Conversa
Aligning with the growing demand for salt reduction strategies and the need to protect food biodiversity, this study aims to develop healthy savory biscuit-like snacks with reduced sodium content. An ancient (Automonia B) and modern (Bolero) soft wheat variety were combined with various concentrations of salt (0 %, 1 %, 2 %) and glasswort powder (1 %, 4 %, and 8 %).
Physical and microstructural analysis revealed that Bolero samples exhibited significantly higher hardness values (76.88 ± 15.4 N) compared to Autonomia B (54.5 ± 11.5 N). However, hardness decreased in both varieties as the concentration of glasswort increased, reaching average values of 67.17 ± 5 N for Bolero and 41.6 ± 3.5 N for Autonomia B. The total porosity of Bolero snacks was lower compared to Autonomia B, but other microstructural attributes, e.g. structure thickness and separation, were closely linked to textural properties. Salt and glasswort concentrations significantly influenced the sensory properties of biscuits formulated with two wheat varieties, while visual attributes remained consistently acceptable. Saltiness perception was mainly driven by salt but was also significantly enhanced by glasswort, supporting its role as a natural “green salt” ingredient. Overall taste showed a non-linear response, with moderate salt and glasswort levels maximizing pleasantness. These results highlight glasswort as a promising strategy for sodium reduction without compromising sensory quality, offering an innovative, scalable and biodiversity-enhancing strategy solution for industry-driven salt-reduction programs.
为了适应不断增长的减盐战略需求和保护食物生物多样性的需要，本研究旨在开发低钠、健康可口的饼干状零食。古代（Automonia B）和现代（Bolero）软小麦品种与不同浓度的盐（0%,1%,2%）和玻璃草粉（1%，4%和8%）结合使用。物理和显微结构分析表明，Bolero样品的硬度值（76.88±15.4 N）明显高于Autonomia B（54.5±11.5 N）。然而，随着玻璃草浓度的增加，两个品种的硬度都有所下降，Bolero的硬度平均值为67.17±5 N， Autonomia B的硬度平均值为41.6±3.5 N。Bolero零食的总孔隙率低于Autonomia B，但其他微观结构属性，如结构厚度和分离度，与质地特性密切相关。盐和玻璃草浓度显著影响了用两种小麦制成的饼干的感官特性，而视觉特性保持一致。咸度感主要由盐驱动，但玻璃草也显著增强，支持其作为天然“绿色盐”成分的作用。整体口味呈非线性反应，适度的盐和玻璃草水平使愉悦感最大化。这些结果突出了玻璃草作为一种有前途的减钠策略而不影响感官质量，为工业驱动的减盐计划提供了一种创新的、可扩展的和增强生物多样性的策略解决方案。
{"title":"Reformulating savory biscuit-like snacks for a healthier diet by using ancient grain and glasswort powder: effect on quality, sensory descriptors and acceptability","authors":"Antonio Derossi, Grazia Marinaro, Carmela Lamacchia, Rossella Caporizzi, Giulia Conversa","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aligning with the growing demand for salt reduction strategies and the need to protect food biodiversity, this study aims to develop healthy savory biscuit-like snacks with reduced sodium content. An ancient (Automonia B) and modern (Bolero) soft wheat variety were combined with various concentrations of salt (0 %, 1 %, 2 %) and glasswort powder (1 %, 4 %, and 8 %).</div><div>Physical and microstructural analysis revealed that Bolero samples exhibited significantly higher hardness values (76.88 ± 15.4 N) compared to Autonomia B (54.5 ± 11.5 N). However, hardness decreased in both varieties as the concentration of glasswort increased, reaching average values of 67.17 ± 5 N for Bolero and 41.6 ± 3.5 N for Autonomia B. The total porosity of Bolero snacks was lower compared to Autonomia B, but other microstructural attributes, e.g. structure thickness and separation, were closely linked to textural properties. Salt and glasswort concentrations significantly influenced the sensory properties of biscuits formulated with two wheat varieties, while visual attributes remained consistently acceptable. Saltiness perception was mainly driven by salt but was also significantly enhanced by glasswort, supporting its role as a natural <em>“green salt”</em> ingredient. Overall taste showed a non-linear response, with moderate salt and glasswort levels maximizing pleasantness. These results highlight glasswort as a promising strategy for sodium reduction without compromising sensory quality, offering an innovative, scalable and biodiversity-enhancing strategy solution for industry-driven salt-reduction programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 108310"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146075887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-24DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108363
Ge Xu , Longbin Tan , Jiewen Tan , Wenzhu Zhao , Zhipeng Yu
Tilapia skin collagen peptides possess multiple biological functions, yet their potential value remains underdeveloped and underutilized. This study investigated the efficacy and mechanisms of tilapia skin collagen peptides (TSCPs) in mitigating aging. TSCPs significantly delayed aging progression in H2O2- and glucose-induced zebrafish models. Three tyrosinase-inhibitory peptides and five antiglycation peptides were identified in TSCPs through targeted screening. Specifically, peptides Ser-Glu-Gly-Lys (SEGK) and Asp-Asp-Asp (DDD) exhibited the strongest in vitro tyrosinase-inhibitory and antiglycation activity, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that both peptides bound more stably to anti-aging targets (tyrosinase and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)) through hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions. Moreover, SEGK and DDD reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) levels in zebrafish models, thereby contributing to the preferable aging mitigation effects. These findings provide in-depth insights into the mechanisms by which TSCPs mitigate aging from the perspectives of antioxidation, antiglycation, and tyrosinase inhibition, offering a theoretical basis for the development of TSCPs-based functional foods.
{"title":"Identification and molecular mechanism of tilapia skin-derived collagen peptides mitigating aging using zebrafish aging model","authors":"Ge Xu , Longbin Tan , Jiewen Tan , Wenzhu Zhao , Zhipeng Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108363","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108363","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tilapia skin collagen peptides possess multiple biological functions, yet their potential value remains underdeveloped and underutilized. This study investigated the efficacy and mechanisms of tilapia skin collagen peptides (TSCPs) in mitigating aging. TSCPs significantly delayed aging progression in H<sub><sub>2</sub></sub>O<sub>2</sub>- and glucose-induced zebrafish models. Three tyrosinase-inhibitory peptides and five antiglycation peptides were identified in TSCPs through targeted screening. Specifically, peptides Ser-Glu-Gly-Lys (SEGK) and Asp-Asp-Asp (DDD) exhibited the strongest <em>in vitro</em> tyrosinase-inhibitory and antiglycation activity, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that both peptides bound more stably to anti-aging targets (tyrosinase and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)) through hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions. Moreover, SEGK and DDD reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) levels in zebrafish models, thereby contributing to the preferable aging mitigation effects. These findings provide in-depth insights into the mechanisms by which TSCPs mitigate aging from the perspectives of antioxidation, antiglycation, and tyrosinase inhibition, offering a theoretical basis for the development of TSCPs-based functional foods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 108363"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hafnia alvei, a predominant spoilage bacterium in aquatic products, regulates its spoilage phenotypes through an N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL)-mediated quorum sensing (QS) system. Penicillin G acylase (PGA), an eco-friendly quorum-quenching enzyme, and chlorogenic acid (CGA), a natural polyphenolic compound with antioxidant and antibacterial properties, were investigated for their combined inhibitory effects on QS and biofilm formation in H. alvei. Results showed that the PGA-CGA combination exhibited strong biofilm inhibition (29.88 %–59.18 %) and clearance (30.61 %–55.45 %) compared to individual treatments. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that PGA-CGA disrupted biofilm architecture, yielding thinner structures and dispersed bacterial colonies. Furthermore, the combination significantly suppressed some spoilage phenotypes, including violacein production, extracellular polysaccharide synthesis, biogenic amine accumulation, siderophore secretion, lipase activity, and motility, with inhibition rates ranging from 28.94 % to 100 %. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that PGA-CGA synergistically downregulated QS-associated (halI and halR), biofilm-related (flgA), spoilage-related (dppF), and motility-related (motB and kdsD) genes by 30 %–60 %, surpassing the effects of individual treatments. Metabolomic profiling further demonstrated that the combination disrupted carbohydrate and energy metabolism, amino acid and nucleotide biosynthesis, and biotin metabolism. Additionally, the PGA-CGA reduced the levels of total viable counts and total volatile base nitrogen in salmon fillets, and maintained good sensory quality during 12 d of storage. Therefore, the PGA-CGA combination is proposed as a promising novel agent for fish preservation.
{"title":"Synergistic quorum quenching effect and mechanism of penicillin G acylase combined with chlorogenic acid against Hafnia alvei and their application in salmon fillets preservation","authors":"Xinran Lv, Hengli Xu, Yichang Sun, Xin Wen, Minghan Shan, Wenjin Yan, Qihan Bai, Sicheng Li, Siyan Du, Xuepeng Li, Jianrong Li , Hung-chuan Chiu","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Hafnia alvei,</em> a predominant spoilage bacterium in aquatic products, regulates its spoilage phenotypes through an N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL)-mediated quorum sensing (QS) system. Penicillin G acylase (PGA), an eco-friendly quorum-quenching enzyme, and chlorogenic acid (CGA), a natural polyphenolic compound with antioxidant and antibacterial properties, were investigated for their combined inhibitory effects on QS and biofilm formation in <em>H. alvei</em>. Results showed that the PGA-CGA combination exhibited strong biofilm inhibition (29.88 %–59.18 %) and clearance (30.61 %–55.45 %) compared to individual treatments. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that PGA-CGA disrupted biofilm architecture, yielding thinner structures and dispersed bacterial colonies. Furthermore, the combination significantly suppressed some spoilage phenotypes, including violacein production, extracellular polysaccharide synthesis, biogenic amine accumulation, siderophore secretion, lipase activity, and motility, with inhibition rates ranging from 28.94 % to 100 %. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that PGA-CGA synergistically downregulated QS-associated (<em>halI</em> and <em>halR</em>), biofilm-related (<em>flgA</em>), spoilage-related (<em>dppF</em>), and motility-related (<em>motB</em> and <em>kdsD</em>) genes by 30 %–60 %, surpassing the effects of individual treatments. Metabolomic profiling further demonstrated that the combination disrupted carbohydrate and energy metabolism, amino acid and nucleotide biosynthesis, and biotin metabolism. Additionally, the PGA-CGA reduced the levels of total viable counts and total volatile base nitrogen in salmon fillets, and maintained good sensory quality during 12 d of storage. Therefore, the PGA-CGA combination is proposed as a promising novel agent for fish preservation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 108367"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146075881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108364
Shijin Huang , Ganggang Zhang , Zongyou Chen , Jiawei Chen , Xiaocui Lai , Weihua Lai
Chlortetracycline (CTC), a broad-spectrum veterinary antibiotic, poses serious risks to human health through bioaccumulation due to excessive use. To address the critical need for CTC monitoring, we developed a fluorescence quenching lateral flow immunoassay (FQ-LFIA) employing black bimetallic hollow nanoparticles (BBHNPs) as quencher. BBHNPs were engineered with a unique dual-advantage architecture: an internal hollow structure for enhanced light capture capability and an external polydopamine layer for higher spectral overlap with fluorophores. This design resulted in exceptional photophysical characteristics, including a remarkable molar extinction coefficient (2.18 × 1012 L mol−1 cm−1) and an unprecedented fluorescence quenching constant (5.20 × 1013 L mol−1). BBHNP-based FQ-LFIA achieved a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.32 ng mL−1, representing a 6.91-fold improvement over conventional gold nanoparticle-based lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA). Validation studies in spiked milk samples showed excellent recovery rates (87.73–118.09 %) with high precision (coefficient of variation <10.36 %). Method comparison with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis confirmed the reliability of BBHNP-FQ-LFIA for real-world applications.
氯四环素是一种广谱兽用抗生素，由于过量使用，会通过生物积累对人类健康造成严重危害。为了满足CTC监测的迫切需求，我们开发了一种荧光猝灭横向流动免疫测定（FQ-LFIA），采用黑色双金属空心纳米颗粒（BBHNPs）作为猝灭剂。BBHNPs具有独特的双重优势结构：内部中空结构增强光捕获能力，外部聚多巴胺层与荧光团具有更高的光谱重叠。这种设计产生了卓越的光物理特性，包括显著的摩尔消光系数（2.18 × 1012 L mol−1 cm−1）和前所未有的荧光猝灭常数（5.20 × 1013 L mol−1）。基于bbhnp的FQ-LFIA的检测限（LOD）为0.32 ng mL−1，比传统的基于金纳米颗粒的横向流动免疫分析法（LFIA）提高了6.91倍。对加标牛奶样品的验证研究表明，加标回收率为87.73 ~ 118.09%，精密度高（变异系数为10.36%）。方法与液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）分析的比较证实了BBHNP-FQ-LFIA在实际应用中的可靠性。
{"title":"Dual-enhanced novel fluorescence quencher with internal hollow structure and external polydopamine layer for sensitive detection of chlortetracycline in milk","authors":"Shijin Huang , Ganggang Zhang , Zongyou Chen , Jiawei Chen , Xiaocui Lai , Weihua Lai","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chlortetracycline (CTC), a broad-spectrum veterinary antibiotic, poses serious risks to human health through bioaccumulation due to excessive use. To address the critical need for CTC monitoring, we developed a fluorescence quenching lateral flow immunoassay (FQ-LFIA) employing black bimetallic hollow nanoparticles (BBHNPs) as quencher. BBHNPs were engineered with a unique dual-advantage architecture: an internal hollow structure for enhanced light capture capability and an external polydopamine layer for higher spectral overlap with fluorophores. This design resulted in exceptional photophysical characteristics, including a remarkable molar extinction coefficient (2.18 × 10<sup>12</sup> L mol<sup>−1</sup> cm<sup>−1</sup>) and an unprecedented fluorescence quenching constant (5.20 × 10<sup>13</sup> L mol<sup>−1</sup>). BBHNP-based FQ-LFIA achieved a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.32 ng mL<sup>−1</sup>, representing a 6.91-fold improvement over conventional gold nanoparticle-based lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA). Validation studies in spiked milk samples showed excellent recovery rates (87.73–118.09 %) with high precision (coefficient of variation <10.36 %). Method comparison with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis confirmed the reliability of BBHNP-FQ-LFIA for real-world applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 108364"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146075882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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