Food Bioscience最新文献_第2页

Artificial intelligence-driven postharvest quality control of fruit and vegetable products: Intelligent detection, optimization strategies and application prospects 人工智能驱动果蔬产品采后质量控制：智能检测、优化策略及应用前景

IF 5.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Bioscience

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2025.108004

Siyu Chang , Min Zhang , Demei Kong , Arun S. Mujumdar

As the global population continues to grow, fruit and vegetable (F&V) products play an increasingly vital role in the agricultural economy, while postharvest phase faces pressing challenges in operational efficiency, cost control, and quality assurance. The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology provides new opportunities to solve these problems. This paper systematically outlines the application of AI in the postharvest process of F&V products, covering key technologies such as machine learning, deep learning, computer vision, and fuzzy logic. It examines AI's contributions across various domains including quality inspection, safety management, intelligent packaging, and integration with the Internet of Things and automated equipment. AI facilitates non-destructive, real-time monitoring and accurate prediction of key quality attributes, including contaminants, nutritional content, and adulteration. AI-driven smart packaging systems dynamically adjust storage conditions, while automated robots enhance sorting precision and packaging efficiency. These advancements significantly enhanced the level of automation in operations, reduce postharvest losses, and optimize resource allocation through data-driven approaches. Nevertheless, challenges persist in data quality, model interpretability, cost-effectiveness, and multi-technology integration. Collaborative efforts between researchers and decision-makers are crucial for addressing these issues. In summary, this paper clarifies current applications and future potential of AI in the postharvest industry, highlighting its role in advancing sustainability within the F&V sectors.

随着全球人口的持续增长，水果和蔬菜产品在农业经济中发挥着越来越重要的作用，而收获后阶段在运营效率、成本控制和质量保证方面面临着紧迫的挑战。人工智能（AI）技术的快速发展为解决这些问题提供了新的机遇。本文系统概述了AI在F&；V产品采后过程中的应用，涵盖了机器学习、深度学习、计算机视觉、模糊逻辑等关键技术。它考察了人工智能在质量检验、安全管理、智能包装、与物联网和自动化设备集成等各个领域的贡献。人工智能有助于非破坏性、实时监测和准确预测关键质量属性，包括污染物、营养成分和掺假。人工智能驱动的智能包装系统可以动态调整存储条件，而自动化机器人可以提高分拣精度和包装效率。这些进步显著提高了作业自动化水平，减少了采后损失，并通过数据驱动的方法优化了资源分配。然而，在数据质量、模型可解释性、成本效益和多技术集成方面仍然存在挑战。研究人员和决策者之间的合作努力对于解决这些问题至关重要。综上所述，本文阐明了人工智能在采后行业的当前应用和未来潜力，强调了人工智能在促进食品行业可持续发展方面的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Pulsed magnetic field in food processing: Innovations in design, optimization, and application pathways 食品加工中的脉冲磁场：设计、优化和应用途径的创新

IF 5.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Bioscience

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2025.108054

Hemant Kumar , T. Pandiarajan , Balakrishnan Murugesan , Suman Sahu , Dhiraj Kumar Yadav , E. Anusuya

Pulsed magnetic field (PMF) technology is gaining traction as an exciting non-thermal method for food processing and preservation. Innovations in coil configurations, power supplies, and control mechanisms have led to improvements in field strength, uniformity, and efficiency. Important principles such as Maxwell's equations, Lorentz forces, and solenoid field calculations are covered, as well as computational optimization with finite-difference time-domain and finite element methods. PMF has represented a gleaming prospect in the realm of food processing for the inactivation of harmful microbes and enzymes, raising the quality of fruits, vegetables, and beverages, easing extraction processes, and increasing fermentation. The use of PMF is accompanied by such benefits as low thermal effects, the retention of nutritional and sensory qualities of the product, and energy efficiency. Such benefits make PMF an attractive option compared to conventional food processing technique, particularly in cases when preserving product quality is the main concern. These benefits render PMF an attractive option for food processing in place of conventional processes, particularly where high priority is given to preserving product quality. Yet, there are still challenges to be addressed in scaling up PMF systems for applications in industry. Future work will need to ascertain the long-term shelf life of PMF-treated foods, assess customer acceptability, determine the molecular mechanism of PMF actions, and optimize process parameters for particular food items. The review summarises the existing progress and future directions of PMF technology.

脉冲磁场（PMF）技术作为一种令人兴奋的食品加工和保存的非热方法正在获得关注。线圈配置，电源和控制机制的创新导致了场强，均匀性和效率的提高。重要的原理，如麦克斯韦方程，洛伦兹力，螺线管场计算，以及计算优化与有限差分时域和有限元方法。PMF在食品加工领域有着光明的前景，可以使有害微生物和酶失活，提高水果、蔬菜和饮料的质量，简化提取过程，增加发酵。使用PMF的好处是热效应低，产品的营养和感官品质保持不变，能源效率高。与传统食品加工技术相比，这些优点使PMF成为一种有吸引力的选择，特别是在主要关注保持产品质量的情况下。这些优点使PMF成为替代传统工艺的有吸引力的食品加工选择，特别是在高度优先考虑保持产品质量的情况下。然而，在扩大PMF系统在工业中的应用方面仍然存在一些挑战需要解决。未来的工作将需要确定PMF处理食品的长期保质期，评估客户的接受程度，确定PMF作用的分子机制，并优化特定食品的工艺参数。综述了PMF技术的现有进展和未来发展方向。

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引用次数: 0

Milk-derived exosomes in breast cancer therapy: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential 乳源性外泌体在乳腺癌治疗中的作用：机制和治疗潜力

IF 5.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Bioscience

Pub Date : 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107953

Deju Zhang , Shunjia Xing , Chengyuan Wang , Xinyao Wang , Yaqi Rong , Yiming Gan , Xuanyu Yang , Ni Xie

Milk-derived exosomes are natural nanoparticles known for their small size, low toxicity, and high biocompatibility. Although several studies have examined their potential in breast cancer treatment, a comprehensive review specifically addressing the anti-breast cancer activities and underlying mechanisms of milk-derived exosomes is still lacking. This review systematically evaluates the physicochemical properties and isolation techniques of milk-derived exosomes and discusses their therapeutic efficacy and mechanistic pathways in breast cancer. Common isolation methods include differential centrifugation, size-exclusion chromatography, commercial exosome isolation kits, etc. The obtained milk exosomes exhibit intrinsic cytotoxicity toward cancer cells and can be co-delivered with chemopreventive compounds (e.g., curcumin, resveratrol, cannabidiol, artemisinin, and celery extract) or chemotherapeutic agents (e.g., doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil, paclitaxel, and oxaliplatin) to form composite nanoparticles with enhanced anti-tumor efficacy. Furthermore, they exert anti-breast cancer effects through multiple mechanisms, including induction of apoptosis, cell-cycle arrest, and modulation of NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways. However, further studies are needed to elucidate their detailed molecular mechanisms. Overall, this review highlights the promising potential of milk-derived exosomes as both nano-delivery platforms and standalone therapeutic agents for breast cancer treatment.

乳源性外泌体是天然纳米颗粒，以其小尺寸、低毒性和高生物相容性而闻名。尽管一些研究已经检验了它们在乳腺癌治疗中的潜力，但专门针对乳源性外泌体的抗乳腺癌活性和潜在机制的全面综述仍然缺乏。本文系统地评价了乳源性外泌体的理化性质和分离技术，并讨论了其治疗乳腺癌的疗效和机制途径。常用的分离方法有差速离心、排色层析、商业外泌体分离试剂盒等。所获得的乳外泌体对癌细胞表现出内在的细胞毒性，并且可以与化学预防化合物（例如姜黄素、白藜芦醇、大麻二酚、青蒿素和芹菜提取物）或化学治疗药物（例如阿霉素、5-氟尿嘧啶、紫杉醇和奥沙利铂）共同递送，形成具有增强抗肿瘤功效的复合纳米颗粒。此外，它们通过多种机制发挥抗乳腺癌作用，包括诱导细胞凋亡、细胞周期阻滞、调节NF-κB和STAT3信号通路。然而，需要进一步的研究来阐明其详细的分子机制。总之，这篇综述强调了乳源性外泌体作为纳米递送平台和乳腺癌治疗的独立治疗剂的巨大潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Microplastics in agroecosystems: Sources of food crop contamination, detection challenges, and sustainable remediation strategies 农业生态系统中的微塑料：粮食作物污染的来源、检测挑战和可持续补救策略

IF 5.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Bioscience

Pub Date : 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107929

Induwari Pamoda Edirisingha , Lanka Jeewanie Samarakoon Undugoda , Pathmalal Marakkale Manage , Nalaka Lankasena , Chami Patabendige , Ruwani Nilushi Nugara , Peter I. Macreadie , Punyasloke Bhadury

Microplastics (MPs) pose an escalating global threat to agroecosystems, primarily infiltrating plants through root apoplastic pathways, stomatal openings, and subsequently translocating to edible tissues in fruits and vegetables. Recent research has highlighted elevated microplastic accumulation in root vegetables as well as in leafy vegetables. This contamination is largely attributed to plastic mulching, greenhouse debris, compost fertilizers, irrigation with polluted water, and airborne deposition. These food crops act as critical vectors for MPs in the trophic chain, posing potential risks to human health. The identification and quantification of MPs in complex plant matrices remain analytically challenging, typically relying on advanced techniques like Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). To overcome the limitations of traditional methods, artificial intelligence (AI)-driven models have emerged, enhancing detection accuracy by analyzing large datasets. Furthermore, this review emphasizes sustainable mitigation strategies, particularly highlighting bioremediation and enzymatic degradation. Most studies on microplastic impacts on crops have been conducted in controlled lab conditions using standard plastics. Future research should prioritize realistic exposure scenarios, expand testing across a wider range of crops, adopt standardized protocols, and implement long-term monitoring to improve contamination management and safeguard human health.

微塑料（MPs）对全球农业生态系统构成了日益严重的威胁，它们主要通过根外体途径、气孔开口渗入植物，随后转移到水果和蔬菜的可食用组织中。最近的研究强调了根类蔬菜和叶类蔬菜中微塑料积累的增加。这种污染主要是由于塑料覆盖物、温室碎片、堆肥肥料、污水灌溉和空气沉积。这些粮食作物是营养链中MPs的重要载体，对人类健康构成潜在风险。复杂植物基质中MPs的鉴定和定量分析仍然具有挑战性，通常依赖于傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱、拉曼光谱和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）等先进技术。为了克服传统方法的局限性，人工智能（AI）驱动的模型已经出现，通过分析大型数据集来提高检测精度。此外，本综述强调可持续缓解战略，特别强调生物修复和酶降解。大多数关于微塑料对作物影响的研究都是在受控的实验室条件下使用标准塑料进行的。未来的研究应优先考虑现实的暴露情景，在更广泛的作物范围内扩大测试，采用标准化方案，并实施长期监测，以改善污染管理，保障人类健康。

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引用次数: 0

Fungicide toxicity and Alternatives: The emerging role of biocontrol yeasts in food safety and human health safeguarding 杀菌剂的毒性和替代品：生物防治酵母在食品安全和人类健康保障中的新作用

IF 5.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Bioscience

Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107922

Deewakar Baral , Aditi Kaushik

Background

The increased use of synthetic fungicides in agriculture has raised serious risk due to their toxicity, hazardous residues on harvested food products and environmental persistence. Countless research highlighted that fungicide residues in fruits and vegetables frequently breaches maximum residue limits, imparting serious health issue such as neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, cytotoxicity, and endocrine disruption. Considering all these issues, biocontrol yeasts are emerging as a promising and safe alternative for ecofriendly disease management.

Scope and approach

This review focuses on the prospect of biocontrol yeasts as ecofriendly alternative to fungicides. It examines their mode of action, including competition for nutrient and space, induction of host defense system, antifungal compound production and biofilm formation. Additionally, probiotic yeast promotes the human health and can be used favorably for plant disease management. The review highlights the important advantages of using yeasts like safety, easy in mass production with enhanced adaptability to adverse environments and compatibility with the existing different conventional agricultural practices. It also evaluates their practical feasibility and potential for large scale applications for sustainable crop protection.

Key findings and conclusions

Yeasts exhibit broad-spectrum biocontrol activity and are categorized as Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS), delivering an effective, residue-free solution of food for plant disease management. Beyond pathogen suppression, recent research highlights their role in enhancing plant and human health improving postharvest food quality. This review underscores the immediate call to embed biocontrol yeasts into conventional agricultural practices, promoting food safety, minimizing chemical dependency, and promoting human health.

由于合成杀菌剂的毒性、在收获的食品上的有害残留以及环境持久性，它们在农业中使用的增加增加了严重的风险。无数研究强调，水果和蔬菜中的杀菌剂残留经常超过最大残留限量，造成严重的健康问题，如神经退行性疾病、癌症、细胞毒性和内分泌紊乱。考虑到所有这些问题，生物防治酵母正在成为一种有前途和安全的生态友好型疾病管理替代方案。本文综述了生物防治酵母作为杀菌剂的环保替代品的前景。研究了它们的作用模式，包括对养分和空间的竞争，对宿主防御系统的诱导，抗真菌化合物的产生和生物膜的形成。此外，益生菌酵母促进人体健康，可用于植物病害管理。该综述强调了使用酵母的重要优点，如安全、易于大规模生产、对不利环境的适应性增强以及与现有不同传统农业做法的兼容性。它还评估了它们在可持续作物保护方面大规模应用的实际可行性和潜力。主要发现和结论酵母具有广谱的生物防治活性，被归类为公认安全（GRAS），为植物病害管理提供了一种有效、无残留的食品解决方案。除了抑制病原体外，最近的研究强调了它们在增强植物和人类健康以及改善采后食品质量方面的作用。这篇综述强调了立即呼吁将生物防治酵母纳入常规农业实践，促进食品安全，最大限度地减少对化学品的依赖，并促进人类健康。

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引用次数: 0

Health effects of polyphenols combined with bacteria from the perspective of gut microbiota 从肠道菌群的角度看多酚与细菌联合对健康的影响

IF 5.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Bioscience

Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107930

Yuhan Li , Xinke Nie , Chen Liu , Qiqiong Li , Shaoping Nie , Mingyong Xie

Dietary polyphenols are difficult to be directly utilized by the human being, and highly rely on the metabolism of gut microbiota to produce active metabolites. This synerg — where polyphenols exhibit “prebiotic-like” effects and are, in turn, metabolized by specific bacteria — establishes a bidirectional mode of relationship. This conceptual frameword, which integrates both aspects, leads us to propose the term “polyphenol-biotics”. Yet, substantial interindividual heterogeneities in the composition of the gut microbiota, at least in part, contribute to high interindividual variation in health outcomes, making personalized approaches a priority. Recent intervention studies have demonstrated synergistic health effects of simultaneous polyphenol and bacterial supplementation, breaking through the limitations of single interventions, as evidenced by enhanced polyphenol bioavailability and bacterial colonization. It is therefore necessary to assess the research advances, feasibility, and application prospects of polyphenol-bacteria combination interventions. This review summarizes these advanced combination strategies, assessing their scientific basis, application potential, and practical challenges. Ultimately, this work aims to guide the scientific and standardized development of “synbiotic-like” products based on polyphenol-microbiota interactions.

膳食多酚类物质很难被人体直接利用，高度依赖肠道菌群的代谢产生活性代谢产物。这种协同作用——多酚表现出“类似益生元”的效果，并被特定细菌代谢——建立了一种双向的关系模式。这一概念框架整合了这两个方面，使我们提出了“多酚生物”这一术语。然而，肠道微生物群组成的大量个体间异质性，至少在一定程度上，导致了健康结果的高度个体间差异，使个性化方法成为优先考虑的问题。最近的干预研究已经证明了多酚和细菌同时补充的协同健康效应，突破了单一干预的局限性，多酚生物利用度和细菌定植的增强证明了这一点。因此，有必要对多酚-细菌联合干预的研究进展、可行性和应用前景进行评估。本文综述了这些先进的组合策略，评估了它们的科学基础、应用潜力和实际挑战。最终，本工作旨在指导基于多酚-微生物群相互作用的“类合成”产品的科学和标准化开发。

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引用次数: 0

LEDs mediated modulation of nutraceuticals in microgreens: A mechanistic and sustainable perspective led介导的微绿色营养品的调制：一个机制和可持续的观点

IF 5.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Bioscience

Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107932

Anusree Sobhanan , Rekha Kumari Meena , Gyan Prakash Mishra

Microgreens are emerging functional foods and are gaining popularity due to their high levels of phytochemicals, vitamins, and minerals. Controlled-environment agriculture (CEA), powered by energy-efficient light-emitting diodes (LEDs), has revolutionized microgreen production by enabling precise control of light parameters. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of current research (2015–2024) on the influence of LED spectral quality, intensity, and photoperiod on the biosynthesis of bioactive compounds and reduction of anti-nutritional factors especially nitrates and oxalates in microgreens. Key light-responsive phytochemicals discussed include phenolics, carotenoids, glucosinolates, vitamins, and antioxidants, with a focus on species-specific responses. The review delves into the mechanistic basis of LED elicitation, highlighting the roles of photoreceptors, transcription factors (e.g., HY5, PIF), and associated gene expression pathways. Further, the integration of transcriptomic and metabolomic data is examined to provide molecular-level insights into light-regulated secondary metabolism. Environmental sustainability is critically assessed, considering LED energy efficiency, life span, and their potential to reduce the carbon footprint of controlled-environment agriculture systems. The review concludes by identifying research gaps, proposing standardized light protocols, gene-light interaction models, and sustainable microgreen farming practices for urban and vertical agriculture.

微型蔬菜是新兴的功能性食品，由于其高含量的植物化学物质、维生素和矿物质而越来越受欢迎。由节能发光二极管（led）驱动的受控环境农业（CEA）通过实现对光参数的精确控制，彻底改变了微绿色生产。本文综述了目前（2015-2024）关于LED光谱质量、强度和光周期对微绿色植物中生物活性化合物的生物合成和抗营养因子（特别是硝酸盐和草酸盐）减少的影响的研究进展。讨论的主要光响应植物化学物质包括酚类物质、类胡萝卜素、硫代葡萄糖苷、维生素和抗氧化剂，重点是物种特异性反应。这篇综述深入探讨了LED激发的机制基础，强调了光感受器、转录因子（如HY5、PIF）和相关基因表达途径的作用。此外，转录组学和代谢组学数据的整合进行了检查，以提供分子水平的见解光调节的次生代谢。考虑到LED能源效率、寿命及其减少受控环境农业系统碳足迹的潜力，对环境可持续性进行了严格评估。该综述总结了研究空白，提出了标准化光照方案、基因-光照相互作用模型以及城市和垂直农业的可持续微绿农业实践。

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引用次数: 0

The multi-target mechanism of food derived peptides in improving knee cartilage injury: anti-inflammatory effects, matrix metabolism regulation, and oxidative stress protection 食物源肽改善膝关节软骨损伤的多靶点机制：抗炎作用、基质代谢调节和氧化应激保护

IF 5.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Bioscience

Pub Date : 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107901

Saiya Hou , Wanlu Liu , Qiaoli Zhang , He Li , Zhao Guo , Janar Jenis , Xinqi Liu

Cartilage damage in the knee is a key pathological feature of osteoarthritis (OA), with limited self-repair capacity. Since drug therapies and surgical interventions carry side effects, there is a need to identify safe and effective new treatments. Food derived peptides, as small bioactive molecules, offer benefits such as high bioavailability, multi-target regulation, and low toxicity, and have potential for cartilage repair. In terms of anti-inflammation and immunomodulation, these peptides can disrupt the cycle of inflammation and degradation by inhibiting signaling pathway activation, balancing pro- and anti-inflammatory factors, and modulating immune cell functions. Regarding metabolic homeostasis, they can simultaneously inhibit matrix degradation and promote synthesis, achieving both anti-catabolic and pro-anabolic effects. In antioxidant and anti-apoptotic protection, food derived peptides enhance antioxidant capacity by scavenging free radicals, thereby supporting chondrocyte survival.

To rationally optimize these multi-target benefits, we next dissect the structure-activity relationship of chondroprotective peptides. By summarizing the structure-activity relationship of food derived peptides in alleviating knee joint cartilage damage, this review finds that food derived peptides with low-molecular-weight (<2 kDa) show better therapeutic effects than those with high-molecular-weight, and food derived peptides with higher content of hydrophobic amino acids can better alleviate knee joint cartilage damage. Moreover, the amino acid content will affect the specific pathways used to treat knee joint cartilage damage. This review brings a new direction for nutritional intervention in knee cartilage degeneration.

膝关节软骨损伤是骨关节炎（OA）的一个重要病理特征，其自我修复能力有限。由于药物治疗和手术干预具有副作用，因此需要确定安全有效的新治疗方法。食物来源的肽作为一种小生物活性分子，具有高生物利用度、多靶点调控、低毒性等优点，并具有修复软骨的潜力。在抗炎症和免疫调节方面，这些肽可以通过抑制信号通路激活、平衡促炎因子和抗炎因子以及调节免疫细胞功能来破坏炎症和降解的循环。在代谢稳态方面，它们可以同时抑制基质降解和促进合成，达到抗分解代谢和促合成代谢的双重作用。在抗氧化和抗凋亡保护中，食物来源的肽通过清除自由基来增强抗氧化能力，从而支持软骨细胞的存活。为了合理优化这些多靶点的益处，我们接下来剖析了软骨保护肽的构效关系。本文通过对食源性肽缓解膝关节软骨损伤的构效关系的综述，发现低分子量（2 kDa）的食源性肽比高分子量的食源性肽表现出更好的治疗效果，疏水氨基酸含量较高的食源性肽能更好地缓解膝关节软骨损伤。此外，氨基酸含量会影响治疗膝关节软骨损伤的特定途径。这一综述为营养干预膝关节软骨退行性变提供了新的方向。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring tannase and phytase enzymes from lactic acid bacteria: Applications, challenges and future perspectives 从乳酸菌中探索单宁酶和植酸酶：应用、挑战和未来展望

IF 5.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Bioscience

Pub Date : 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107902

Shimali , Nidhi Yadav , Saloni Rajawat , Shivangi Chamoli , Piyush Kumar

Phytate and tannin are amongst the most prevalent antinutritional factors (ANFs) in cereals and legumes, primarily due to their strong mineral-chelating properties and inhibitory effects on nutrient digestibility. This review provides a comprehensive overview of their chemical structures and related nutritional challenges. Conventional physical and chemical approaches toward antinutrient removal tend to have drawbacks such as low efficiency and potential nutrient degradation. In contrast, enzymatic hydrolysis, particularly utilizing phytase and tannase has emerged as a promising, substrate-specific, and environmentally sustainable alternative. Although these enzymes can be derived from different sources, especially lactic acid bacteria (LAB), have proved to be more stable, with production efficiency and probiotic benefits. This review focuses on the isolation and screening of phytase and tannase from LAB strains, the production and characterization of phytase and tannase with biochemical properties such as pH tolerance, substrate affinity, and interactions with metal ions. Besides this, it also highlights the applications of phytase and tannase in different industrial sectors. Furthermore, existing challenges concerning the purpose of phytase and tannase, especially to tackle malnutrition problems and improve nutrition availability, are discussed based on recent in-vitro as well as in-vivo studies. The article concludes with insights into future directions for expanding the nutritional and industrial utilization of LAB-derived enzymes.

植酸盐和单宁是谷物和豆类中最常见的抗营养因子（ANFs），主要是因为它们具有很强的矿物质螯合特性和对营养物质消化率的抑制作用。这篇综述提供了它们的化学结构和相关的营养挑战的全面概述。传统的物理和化学方法往往具有效率低和潜在的营养物降解等缺点。相比之下，酶水解，特别是利用植酸酶和单宁酶已经成为一种有前途的、底物特异性的、环境可持续的替代方法。虽然这些酶可以来自不同的来源，特别是乳酸菌（LAB），但已被证明更稳定，具有生产效率和益生菌效益。本文综述了从LAB菌株中分离和筛选植酸酶和单宁酶，以及具有pH耐受性、底物亲和力和与金属离子相互作用等生化特性的植酸酶和单宁酶的生产和表征。此外，还重点介绍了植酸酶和单宁酶在不同工业领域的应用。此外，基于最近的体外和体内研究，讨论了植酸酶和单宁酶在解决营养不良问题和提高营养利用率方面存在的挑战。文章最后对扩大实验室衍生酶的营养和工业利用的未来方向进行了展望。

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引用次数: 0

Advances in epigenetics and epigenome editing in microalgae 微藻表观遗传学与表观基因组编辑研究进展

IF 5.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Bioscience

Pub Date : 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107900

Meng Feng , Jiaqi Zhang , Li Wei

Microalgae, a diverse group of photosynthetic microorganisms with substantial ecological and economic significance, possess great potential for bioenergy production and high-value bioproduct synthesis. However, large-scale industrial application remains constrained by the low efficiency and irreversibility of conventional gene-editing approaches. This review systematically examines the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in microalgae, emphasizing recent advances in epigenome-editing technologies such as CRISPR/dCas (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/dead CRISPR-associated protein 9) systems including CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) and CRISPR interference (CRISPRi). These approaches enable reversible regulation of gene expression without altering the DNA sequence by precisely modifying epigenetic marks such as DNA methylation and histone modifications. Despite ongoing challenges related to delivery efficiency and off-target effects, epigenome editing represents a promising precision-regulation strategy that may overcome longstanding barriers in microalgal genetic improvement and accelerate their industrialization.

微藻是一种多样的光合微生物，具有重要的生态和经济意义，在生物能源生产和高价值生物产品合成方面具有巨大的潜力。然而，传统基因编辑方法的低效率和不可逆性仍然制约着大规模的工业应用。本文系统地探讨了微藻的表观遗传调控机制，重点介绍了表观基因组编辑技术的最新进展，如CRISPR/dCas （Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/dead CRISPR-associated protein 9）系统，包括CRISPR激活（CRISPRa）和CRISPR干扰（CRISPRi）。这些方法通过精确修改表观遗传标记（如DNA甲基化和组蛋白修饰）来实现基因表达的可逆调控，而不改变DNA序列。尽管存在递送效率和脱靶效应方面的持续挑战，表观基因组编辑代表了一种有前途的精确调控策略，可以克服微藻遗传改良的长期障碍并加速其产业化。

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