Pub Date : 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106245
Guangyi Du , Lianghua Xie , Ming Zhang , Wei Chen
Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are defined by an unnatural immune response that has a detrimental impact on various organs within the human body. Currently, there are approximately 100 distinct forms of ADs. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated an increase in the prevalence of ADs, indicating a significant impact on public health and social economy. Based on current understanding of the underlying mechanisms of ADs, a number of immunosuppressive agents have been developed for use in ADs treatment. However, it is notable that these agents have been associated with certain limitations, including drug resistance and the emergence of adverse side effects. It has been reported that natural products, especially flavonoids, exert beneficial effects on inflammatory diseases and the development of ADs. Anthocyanins are a class of flavonoids that are widely present in plant and have been demonstrated to possess a range of beneficial biological activities. In a number of studies, anthocyanins have been demonstrated to possess the capacity to modulate the progression of ADs, including conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, type 1 diabetes, psoriasis and others. This review presents a summary of the pathogenesis of ADs, with a particular focus on the scientific evidence supporting the regulatory role of anthocyanins in ADs, along with the limitations of current research and future perspectives.
{"title":"A comprehensive review on the potential health effects of anthocyanins in modulating autoimmune disease","authors":"Guangyi Du , Lianghua Xie , Ming Zhang , Wei Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are defined by an unnatural immune response that has a detrimental impact on various organs within the human body. Currently, there are approximately 100 distinct forms of ADs. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated an increase in the prevalence of ADs, indicating a significant impact on public health and social economy. Based on current understanding of the underlying mechanisms of ADs, a number of immunosuppressive agents have been developed for use in ADs treatment. However, it is notable that these agents have been associated with certain limitations, including drug resistance and the emergence of adverse side effects. It has been reported that natural products, especially flavonoids, exert beneficial effects on inflammatory diseases and the development of ADs. Anthocyanins are a class of flavonoids that are widely present in plant and have been demonstrated to possess a range of beneficial biological activities. In a number of studies, anthocyanins have been demonstrated to possess the capacity to modulate the progression of ADs, including conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, type 1 diabetes, psoriasis and others. This review presents a summary of the pathogenesis of ADs, with a particular focus on the scientific evidence supporting the regulatory role of anthocyanins in ADs, along with the limitations of current research and future perspectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 106245"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106232
Angie Vanessa Caicedo-Paz , Camila Andrea Farías-Castro , Camila Paz Cisternas-Cuevas , Cassamo Ussemane Mussagy , Alejandra Espinosa-Escalona , Lorena Mercado López , Victoria Mesa , Diego Mauricio Sánchez-Osorno , Rodrigo Valenzuela , Julián Paul Martínez-Galán
This study investigates the effects of capric acid-enriched medium- and long-chain structured lipids (SLs) microencapsulated synthesized by microbial lipase and grape seed oil (GSO) on obesity-related complications in mice subjected to a high-fat diet (HFD). Male C57BL/6J mice were assigned to various dietary groups: control diet (CD), high-fat diet (HFD), control diet with GSO (CDGO), high-fat diet with GSO (HFDGO), control diet with SLs (CDSL), and high-fat diet with SLs (HFDSL). Mice on the CD, CDGO, and CDSL diets exhibited reduced body weight gain compared to those on the HFD. Organ weights, including liver, heart, and testicles, were significantly higher in the HFD group compared to the CD, CDSL, and HFDSL groups, suggesting a potential protective effect of SLs. Dietary supplementation with SLs, particularly CDSL and HFDSL, enhanced glucose tolerance in HFD-fed mice. Insulin levels were markedly elevated in the HFD group; however, mice receiving HFDSL showed insulin levels comparable to those in the control groups (CD and HFDGO). The incorporation of capric acid into SLs resulted in lower leptin levels compared to GSO. Furthermore, a protective effect against hepatocellular micro-vesicular steatosis (MIS) and macro-vesicular steatosis (MAS) was observed in mice fed SLs-rich diets, especially CDSL and HFDSL. Total steatosis (TS) was significantly lower in mice on the CDGO and CDSL diets compared to those on the control diet (CD), indicating a notable protective effect of SLs treatment. In conclusion, capric acid-rich SLs derived from GSO demonstrate potential as functional oils, offering protection against obesity and associated metabolic disorders, evidenced by measurements such as 23.30 U/L of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), 105.00 UI/L of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), 93.54 mg/dL of triglycerides (TAGs), and 183.54 mg/dL of cholesterol.
{"title":"Protective effects of capric acid-rich medium-long-medium chain type structured lipids against metabolic abnormalities in mice fed a high-fat diet","authors":"Angie Vanessa Caicedo-Paz , Camila Andrea Farías-Castro , Camila Paz Cisternas-Cuevas , Cassamo Ussemane Mussagy , Alejandra Espinosa-Escalona , Lorena Mercado López , Victoria Mesa , Diego Mauricio Sánchez-Osorno , Rodrigo Valenzuela , Julián Paul Martínez-Galán","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the effects of capric acid-enriched medium- and long-chain structured lipids (SLs) microencapsulated synthesized by microbial lipase and grape seed oil (GSO) on obesity-related complications in mice subjected to a high-fat diet (HFD). Male C57BL/6J mice were assigned to various dietary groups: control diet (CD), high-fat diet (HFD), control diet with GSO (CDGO), high-fat diet with GSO (HFDGO), control diet with SLs (CDSL), and high-fat diet with SLs (HFDSL). Mice on the CD, CDGO, and CDSL diets exhibited reduced body weight gain compared to those on the HFD. Organ weights, including liver, heart, and testicles, were significantly higher in the HFD group compared to the CD, CDSL, and HFDSL groups, suggesting a potential protective effect of SLs. Dietary supplementation with SLs, particularly CDSL and HFDSL, enhanced glucose tolerance in HFD-fed mice. Insulin levels were markedly elevated in the HFD group; however, mice receiving HFDSL showed insulin levels comparable to those in the control groups (CD and HFDGO). The incorporation of capric acid into SLs resulted in lower leptin levels compared to GSO. Furthermore, a protective effect against hepatocellular micro-vesicular steatosis (MIS) and macro-vesicular steatosis (MAS) was observed in mice fed SLs-rich diets, especially CDSL and HFDSL. Total steatosis (TS) was significantly lower in mice on the CDGO and CDSL diets compared to those on the control diet (CD), indicating a notable protective effect of SLs treatment. In conclusion, capric acid-rich SLs derived from GSO demonstrate potential as functional oils, offering protection against obesity and associated metabolic disorders, evidenced by measurements such as 23.30 U/L of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), 105.00 UI/L of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), 93.54 mg/dL of triglycerides (TAGs), and 183.54 mg/dL of cholesterol.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 106232"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143519627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106244
Amit Kumar Singh , Harvesh Kumar Rana , Rohit Sharma , Abhay K. Pandey
Diabetes is commonly associated with oxidative stress, a factor believed to contribute in its development and progression. Chlorogenic acid (CGA), a phenolic compound found in coffee and other food sources has been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties by scavenging free radicals. In the present study, CGA was assessed for its ability to reduce oxidative stress in the liver and kidney, as well as serum inflammatory response in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. STZ (50 mg/kg)was administered intraperitoneally to male albino Wistar rats to induce experimental diabetes and were divided into five groups (n = 5); control, diabetic control, diabetic/metformin-treated, diabetic/CGA (100 and 150 mg/kg) treated. Diabetic rats showed significant elevation in pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IFN-γ) and decreased concentration of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. They also had reduced activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and reduced glutathione (GSH), as well as increased levels of peroxidation marker in their liver and kidney tissues when compared to control rats. Oral administration of CGA (100 and 150 mg) for 28 days markedly (p < 0.05) improved all of these inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters in diabetic rats. These findings were further corroborated through histopathological examination of hepatic and renal tissues. The observed results indicate that CGApossess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory property, as evidenced by reduction in redox imbalance, inflammation and lipid peroxidation to near normal, thus offering protection to the liver and kidneys tissues from damage inflicted due to oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetic rats.
{"title":"Chlorogenic acid, a dietary phenolic acid ameliorates hepatorenal injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats through regulation of oxidative stress and inflammation","authors":"Amit Kumar Singh , Harvesh Kumar Rana , Rohit Sharma , Abhay K. Pandey","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diabetes is commonly associated with oxidative stress, a factor believed to contribute in its development and progression. Chlorogenic acid (CGA), a phenolic compound found in coffee and other food sources has been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties by scavenging free radicals. In the present study, CGA was assessed for its ability to reduce oxidative stress in the liver and kidney, as well as serum inflammatory response in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. STZ (50 mg/kg)was administered intraperitoneally to male albino Wistar rats to induce experimental diabetes and were divided into five groups (n = 5); control, diabetic control, diabetic/metformin-treated, diabetic/CGA (100 and 150 mg/kg) treated. Diabetic rats showed significant elevation in pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IFN-γ) and decreased concentration of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. They also had reduced activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and reduced glutathione (GSH), as well as increased levels of peroxidation marker in their liver and kidney tissues when compared to control rats. Oral administration of CGA (100 and 150 mg) for 28 days markedly (<em>p</em> < 0.05) improved all of these inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters in diabetic rats. These findings were further corroborated through histopathological examination of hepatic and renal tissues. The observed results indicate that CGApossess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory property, as evidenced by reduction in redox imbalance, inflammation and lipid peroxidation to near normal, thus offering protection to the liver and kidneys tissues from damage inflicted due to oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetic rats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 106244"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106246
Jianhui Wang , Miao Liu , Linlin Ye , Xiaoyi Hou , Zhenyu Li , Linzhi Tang , Na Deng , Hui Li
Nitrite produced during the processing of pickled vegetables is a primary source of nitrite intake in humans. This study monitored changes in the physicochemical quality and bacterial community structure of pickled peppers and brine during natural fermentation. We also explored the characteristics and efficacy of nitrite degradation by Lactobacillus plantarum BNCC194165 (BNCC194165) in both MRS and pickled pepper systems. The results revealed that lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and acidic substances in pickled peppers and brine were closely related to nitrite content during natural fermentation. Analysis using 16S rDNA confirmed that Firmicutes phylum and Lactobacillus genus were the dominant bacteria in pickled peppers, demonstrating strong associations with most physicochemical attributes, particularly notable for their negative correlation with nitrite content. Following inoculation, the NaCl concentration, cultivation temperature, and initial pH in the MRS medium significantly influenced the ability of BNCC194165 to degrade nitrite. Furthermore, inoculation with BNCC194165 effectively reduced nitrite levels in pickles, moderated spiciness, and shortened the fermentation period. These findings enhance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying nitrite formation and degradation in pickled foods and their intrinsic relationship with fundamental components and microorganisms, providing valuable guidance for producing safer fermented vegetables.
{"title":"Correlation between the physicochemical and bacteriological qualities of pickled chili pepper (Paojiao) and its nitrite degradation study","authors":"Jianhui Wang , Miao Liu , Linlin Ye , Xiaoyi Hou , Zhenyu Li , Linzhi Tang , Na Deng , Hui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrite produced during the processing of pickled vegetables is a primary source of nitrite intake in humans. This study monitored changes in the physicochemical quality and bacterial community structure of pickled peppers and brine during natural fermentation. We also explored the characteristics and efficacy of nitrite degradation by <em>Lactobacillus plantarum</em> BNCC194165 (BNCC194165) in both MRS and pickled pepper systems. The results revealed that lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and acidic substances in pickled peppers and brine were closely related to nitrite content during natural fermentation. Analysis using 16S rDNA confirmed that <em>Firmicutes</em> phylum and <em>Lactobacillus</em> genus were the dominant bacteria in pickled peppers, demonstrating strong associations with most physicochemical attributes, particularly notable for their negative correlation with nitrite content. Following inoculation, the NaCl concentration, cultivation temperature, and initial pH in the MRS medium significantly influenced the ability of BNCC194165 to degrade nitrite. Furthermore, inoculation with BNCC194165 effectively reduced nitrite levels in pickles, moderated spiciness, and shortened the fermentation period. These findings enhance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying nitrite formation and degradation in pickled foods and their intrinsic relationship with fundamental components and microorganisms, providing valuable guidance for producing safer fermented vegetables.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 106246"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-25DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106226
Zili Liu , Min Zhang , Zhenjiang Luo
Navel orange peel has high nutritive value but severe bitterness. To mask bitterness, five wall materials, including gum Arabic (GA), maltodextrin (MD), corn starch (CS), soy isolate protein (SPI), and whey protein (WP) were used to prepared freeze-dried navel orange peel powder (NOPP). The physicochemical characteristics and bitterness masking of NOPP prepared with different wall materials were evaluated. Wall materials reduced the moisture content of the powder and increased their particle size. WP improved the solubility properties of the powder, with a water solubility index of 36.57%. WP improved the flowability of the powder with the lowest Hausner ratio and Carr index of 1.30 and 23.15%, respectively. Compared with other wall materials, WP has the best antioxidant capacity, with a total phenol content of 10.42 mg/g and an ABTS free radical scavenging rate of 55.34%. In terms of taste masking, the wall materials effectively encapsulated the limonin in NOPP and masked the bitterness of NOPP. WP and SPI resulted in a reduction of the determined limonin content to 63.46 and 23.00 μg/g, respectively. Overall, WP can effectively mask the bitterness of NOPP while improving its physicochemical properties, making it the most suitable wall material for microencapsulating NOPP. WP encapsulated NOPP have potential for use as functional food ingredient. This study provides new insights for the full utilization of citrus peels and other bitter agricultural waste.
{"title":"Effect of wall materials on physicochemical properties and bitterness masking of freeze-dried navel orange peel powder","authors":"Zili Liu , Min Zhang , Zhenjiang Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Navel orange peel has high nutritive value but severe bitterness. To mask bitterness, five wall materials, including gum Arabic (GA), maltodextrin (MD), corn starch (CS), soy isolate protein (SPI), and whey protein (WP) were used to prepared freeze-dried navel orange peel powder (NOPP). The physicochemical characteristics and bitterness masking of NOPP prepared with different wall materials were evaluated. Wall materials reduced the moisture content of the powder and increased their particle size. WP improved the solubility properties of the powder, with a water solubility index of 36.57%. WP improved the flowability of the powder with the lowest Hausner ratio and Carr index of 1.30 and 23.15%, respectively. Compared with other wall materials, WP has the best antioxidant capacity, with a total phenol content of 10.42 mg/g and an ABTS free radical scavenging rate of 55.34%. In terms of taste masking, the wall materials effectively encapsulated the limonin in NOPP and masked the bitterness of NOPP. WP and SPI resulted in a reduction of the determined limonin content to 63.46 and 23.00 μg/g, respectively. Overall, WP can effectively mask the bitterness of NOPP while improving its physicochemical properties, making it the most suitable wall material for microencapsulating NOPP. WP encapsulated NOPP have potential for use as functional food ingredient. This study provides new insights for the full utilization of citrus peels and other bitter agricultural waste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 106226"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143511608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-25DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106231
Wenjia He , Min Wang , Yicheng Ding , Yuting Ding , Xuxia Zhou
Co-fermentation technology is expected to improve the flavor and quality properties of fermented surimi products. Effects of fermentation with Monascus purpureus (M. purpureus) and Actinomucor elegans (A. elegans) at different inoculation ratios on the volatile profiles and physicochemical properties of surimi were investigated. Generally, fermentation resulted in significant surimi protein hydrolysis as indicated by increased amino acid nitrogen, TCA-soluble peptide and free amino acid contents, simultaneously accompanied by decreases in hardness, gumminess and chewiness of surimi. Co-fermentation effectively improved the volatile profiles of surimi. Comparatively, a higher inoculation ratio of M. purpureus was favorable for the production of esters and ketones, whereas a higher proportion of A. elegans reduced the aldehyde contents, especially nonanal with fishy odor. Taken together, a 1:1 inoculation ratio of M. purpureus and A. elegans was more conductive to improve the aroma profiles of surimi, with a 77.2% reduction of aldehyde compared to unfermented surimi.
{"title":"Flavor and quality enhancement of miiuy croaker (Miichthys miiuy) surimi by co-fermentation with Monascus purpureus and Actinomucor elegans","authors":"Wenjia He , Min Wang , Yicheng Ding , Yuting Ding , Xuxia Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Co-fermentation technology is expected to improve the flavor and quality properties of fermented surimi products. Effects of fermentation with <em>Monascus purpureus</em> (<em>M. purpureus</em>) and <em>Actinomucor elegans</em> (<em>A. elegans</em>) at different inoculation ratios on the volatile profiles and physicochemical properties of surimi were investigated. Generally, fermentation resulted in significant surimi protein hydrolysis as indicated by increased amino acid nitrogen, TCA-soluble peptide and free amino acid contents, simultaneously accompanied by decreases in hardness, gumminess and chewiness of surimi. Co-fermentation effectively improved the volatile profiles of surimi. Comparatively, a higher inoculation ratio of <em>M. purpureus</em> was favorable for the production of esters and ketones, whereas a higher proportion of <em>A. elegans</em> reduced the aldehyde contents, especially nonanal with fishy odor. Taken together, a 1:1 inoculation ratio of <em>M</em>. <em>purpureus</em> and <em>A. elegans</em> was more conductive to improve the aroma profiles of surimi, with a 77.2% reduction of aldehyde compared to unfermented surimi.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 106231"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Defatted seed, pulp and whole fruit of Idesia Polycarpa Maxin. (I. Polycarpa) are the by-products of the oil extraction process, but have attracted little attention as natural sources of bioactive phenolics. This study aimed to clarify the profiles of phenolic compounds in the extracts from these by-products and their contribution to the anti-inflammatory activity. Twenty-one phenolic compounds were identified, belonging mainly to salicinoid analogues and p-coumaroyl derivatives. Idescarpin was the predominant phenolics in all extracts, especially in seed extract. Nearly half the p-coumaroyl derivatives presented relatively high content in the extracts of pulp and whole fruit. All extracts inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) and the mRNA expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and interleukin (IL)-6; and suppressed the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) along with the restoration of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities. Seed extract exerted better potential than the pulp and whole fruit extracts. Furthermore, correlation analysis demonstrated that idescarpin and idesin were the crucial phenolics against inflammation, whereas some p-coumaroyl derivatives contributed to regulating oxidative stress. These findings suggested that phenolic extracts from defatted I. Polycarpa fruit and its parts, especially seed, could be utilized as inflammation inhibitors in the functional food and cosmetics industries.
{"title":"A comprehensive study of defatted Idesia polycarpa fruit: Phenolic profile and its relation with anti-inflammatory activity in seed, pulp, and whole fruit","authors":"Xiaohua Nie, Mengqing Chen, Chengyu Jin, Xiaoyu Zhou, Ningxiang Yu, Yuanchao Lu, Xianghe Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Defatted seed, pulp and whole fruit of <em>Idesia Polycarpa</em> Maxin. (<em>I. Polycarpa</em>) are the by-products of the oil extraction process, but have attracted little attention as natural sources of bioactive phenolics. This study aimed to clarify the profiles of phenolic compounds in the extracts from these by-products and their contribution to the anti-inflammatory activity. Twenty-one phenolic compounds were identified, belonging mainly to salicinoid analogues and <em>p</em>-coumaroyl derivatives. Idescarpin was the predominant phenolics in all extracts, especially in seed extract. Nearly half the <em>p</em>-coumaroyl derivatives presented relatively high content in the extracts of pulp and whole fruit. All extracts inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) and the mRNA expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and interleukin (IL)-6; and suppressed the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) along with the restoration of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities. Seed extract exerted better potential than the pulp and whole fruit extracts. Furthermore, correlation analysis demonstrated that idescarpin and idesin were the crucial phenolics against inflammation, whereas some <em>p</em>-coumaroyl derivatives contributed to regulating oxidative stress. These findings suggested that phenolic extracts from defatted <em>I. Polycarpa</em> fruit and its parts, especially seed, could be utilized as inflammation inhibitors in the functional food and cosmetics industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 106228"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-25DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106237
Xiang Li , Yan Cui , Xiaohui Sun, Chunlei Shi, Shoukui He, Xianming Shi
Salmonella Enteritidis presents a significant challenge to food safety due to its resilience against various food-related stresses. The cold shock protein A (CspA) has been extensively studied for its role in facilitating the survival of S. Enteritidis at low temperatures. However, the broader biological functions of CspA in this pathogen remain inadequately characterized. This study aims to address this knowledge gap through a comprehensive approach involving mutagenesis, transcriptomic analysis, and phenotypic evaluation. RNA sequencing analysis identified 119 genes that were upregulated and 26 genes that were downregulated in the ΔcspA deletion mutant compared to the wild-type strain. This observation was further substantiated through the RT-qPCR technique. Functional annotation of the differentially expressed genes indicated their involvement in various pathways, such as stress resistance (4 genes), flagellar assembly (6 genes), cellular metabolism (22 genes), ATP-binding-cassette (ABC) transporters (9 genes), regulators (7 genes), and the Type III secretion system (10 genes), thus highlighting the extensive influence of CspA on bacterial gene expression. Notably, the upregulation of genes associated with acid stress response (SEN_RS08115, 10.74-fold; yhcN, 3.11-fold) and osmotic stress response (osmX, 1.69-fold; osmY, 1.50-fold) significantly enhanced the resistance of S. Enteritidis to hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride, respectively. Furthermore, approximately 20% of genes related to flagellar assembly were repressed, which resulted in swimming defects and increased auto-aggregation, thereby promoting the formation of bacterial biofilms. Overall, these findings suggest that CspA plays a pivotal role in mediating stress resistance and biofilm formation in S. Enteritidis.
{"title":"CspA regulates stress resistance, flagellar motility and biofilm formation in Salmonella Enteritidis","authors":"Xiang Li , Yan Cui , Xiaohui Sun, Chunlei Shi, Shoukui He, Xianming Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Salmonella</em> Enteritidis presents a significant challenge to food safety due to its resilience against various food-related stresses. The cold shock protein A (CspA) has been extensively studied for its role in facilitating the survival of <em>S</em>. Enteritidis at low temperatures. However, the broader biological functions of CspA in this pathogen remain inadequately characterized. This study aims to address this knowledge gap through a comprehensive approach involving mutagenesis, transcriptomic analysis, and phenotypic evaluation. RNA sequencing analysis identified 119 genes that were upregulated and 26 genes that were downregulated in the Δ<em>cspA</em> deletion mutant compared to the wild-type strain. This observation was further substantiated through the RT-qPCR technique. Functional annotation of the differentially expressed genes indicated their involvement in various pathways, such as stress resistance (4 genes), flagellar assembly (6 genes), cellular metabolism (22 genes), ATP-binding-cassette (ABC) transporters (9 genes), regulators (7 genes), and the Type III secretion system (10 genes), thus highlighting the extensive influence of CspA on bacterial gene expression. Notably, the upregulation of genes associated with acid stress response (<em>SEN_RS08115,</em> 10.74-fold; <em>yhcN</em>, 3.11-fold) and osmotic stress response (<em>osmX</em>, 1.69-fold; <em>osmY</em>, 1.50-fold) significantly enhanced the resistance of <em>S</em>. Enteritidis to hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride, respectively. Furthermore, approximately 20% of genes related to flagellar assembly were repressed, which resulted in swimming defects and increased auto-aggregation, thereby promoting the formation of bacterial biofilms. Overall, these findings suggest that CspA plays a pivotal role in mediating stress resistance and biofilm formation in <em>S</em>. Enteritidis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 106237"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143519628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-25DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106233
Chen Wang , Jinjin Luo , Shuo Wang , Ling Huang , Qi Deng , Zhijia Fang , Mei Qiu , Lijun Sun , Ravi Gooneratne
Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) can cause numerous physical and mental health problems, with gut barrier damage being a critical causative factor. Although dietary red snapper (scientific name: Lutjanus erythropterus) protein (DRSP) has the potential to prevent and repair gut barrier damage, its exact role and mechanism of action are unknown. This study utilized a 14, 28, and 42-day CUMS model to examine the protective and restorative effects of DRSP on ileal mucosal barrier damage (IMBD) in male C57BL/6 mice. At the late CUMS stage (42 days), numerous ileal lumen bacteria, including Muribaculaceae, Butyricoccus, Ruminococcus, Roseburia, and Eubacterium, utilized specific amino acids (AAs) (threonine, aspartic, glycine, glutamic, alanine) to produce butyric acid (BA), leading to a deficiency of these AAs. This resulted in a decrease in the abundance of bacterial genera that depend on these specific AAs for growth (Barnesiella, Lactobacillus, Prevotella, Turicibacter, and Blautia), which in turn further promoted the proliferation of BA-producing bacteria such as Muribaculaceae, leading to an excessive accumulation of BA in the ileal lumen and inducing IMBD. The DRSP-specific AA combination can supplement the CUMS-induced AA deficiency, regulate under the influence of CUMS-affected ileal microbiota structure and its AA and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolic function changes, thereby reversing the abnormal enrichment of BA and ultimately improving CUMS-induced IMBD, which was significantly superior than with fish oil. The findings were validated through both in vitro ileal microbiota cultures and in vivo studies. This not only highlights the potential nutritional function of dietary protein but also emphasizes the importance of an appropriate AA ratio in alleviating CUMS-induced IMBD and related physical and mental health problems. In summary, this study reveals that dietary protein enriched with specific AA combinations can prevent and ameliorate CUMS-induced IMBD by modulating intestinal BA levels, providing innovative mechanistic insights for dietary intervention strategies.
{"title":"Red snapper protein prevents chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced ileal barrier damage by reversing microbiota-derived butyric acid overload","authors":"Chen Wang , Jinjin Luo , Shuo Wang , Ling Huang , Qi Deng , Zhijia Fang , Mei Qiu , Lijun Sun , Ravi Gooneratne","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) can cause numerous physical and mental health problems, with gut barrier damage being a critical causative factor. Although dietary red snapper (scientific name: <em>Lutjanus erythropterus</em>) protein (DRSP) has the potential to prevent and repair gut barrier damage, its exact role and mechanism of action are unknown. This study utilized a 14, 28, and 42-day CUMS model to examine the protective and restorative effects of DRSP on ileal mucosal barrier damage (IMBD) in male C57BL/6 mice. At the late CUMS stage (42 days), numerous ileal lumen bacteria, including Muribaculaceae, <em>Butyricoccus</em>, <em>Ruminococcus</em>, <em>Roseburia</em>, and <em>Eubacterium</em>, utilized specific amino acids (AAs) (threonine, aspartic, glycine, glutamic, alanine) to produce butyric acid (BA), leading to a deficiency of these AAs. This resulted in a decrease in the abundance of bacterial genera that depend on these specific AAs for growth (<em>Barnesiella</em>, <em>Lactobacillus</em>, <em>Prevotella</em>, <em>Turicibacter</em>, and <em>Blautia</em>), which in turn further promoted the proliferation of BA-producing bacteria such as Muribaculaceae, leading to an excessive accumulation of BA in the ileal lumen and inducing IMBD. The DRSP-specific AA combination can supplement the CUMS-induced AA deficiency, regulate under the influence of CUMS-affected ileal microbiota structure and its AA and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolic function changes, thereby reversing the abnormal enrichment of BA and ultimately improving CUMS-induced IMBD, which was significantly superior than with fish oil. The findings were validated through both <em>in vitro</em> ileal microbiota cultures and <em>in vivo</em> studies. This not only highlights the potential nutritional function of dietary protein but also emphasizes the importance of an appropriate AA ratio in alleviating CUMS-induced IMBD and related physical and mental health problems. In summary, this study reveals that dietary protein enriched with specific AA combinations can prevent and ameliorate CUMS-induced IMBD by modulating intestinal BA levels, providing innovative mechanistic insights for dietary intervention strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 106233"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143519521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-25DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106221
Milena Rašeta , Jovana Mišković , Marko Kebert , Sanja Berežni , Sanja Krstić , Gordana Gojgić-Cvijović , Teresa Pirker , Rudolf Bauer , Maja Karaman
Fungi represent a valuable source of bioactive compounds, offering potential applications in functional foods and pharmaceuticals. Fistulina hepatica (Schaeff.) With. and Volvopluteus gloiocephalus (DC.) Vizzini, Contu & Justo, two autochthonous fungi from Serbia, remain underexplored for their mycochemical composition and biological activities. This study aims to evaluate their bioactive potential, emphasizing antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, and cytotoxic properties. Extracts from F. hepatica and V. gloiocephalus were obtained using solvents of different polarities (acetone, CHCl3, 80% MeOH, 70% EtOH, H2O and PSH), and dried fruiting bodies were subjected to chemical analysis. The chemical analyses included Fourier–transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis with mycroanalysis, liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) profiling. While AAS profiling of minerals was conducted on the dried fruiting bodies, all other analyses were performed on the extracts. In vitro assays were performed to assess the antioxidant capacity, cytotoxicity against CCRF-CEM cells, and digestive enzyme inhibition (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase) of the extracts.
Both fungi exhibited significant antioxidant activity comparable to the standard antioxidant compound propyl gallate. Additionally, extracts showed potent enzyme inhibition, including hypoglycemic and lipase activities, indicating their potential as hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic agents, particularly in F. hepatica. Conversely, the acetone extract of V. gloiocephalus demonstrated notable cytotoxicity against CCRF-CEM cancer cells. PCA analysis confirmed correlations between bioactive compounds and bioactivities.
These findings highlight the potential of F. hepatica and V. gloiocephalus as promising sources of natural bioactive compounds with applications in addressing metabolic disorders, cancer and oxidative stress, as functional foods, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals.
{"title":"Mycochemical profiles and bioactivities of Fistulina hepatica and Volvopluteus gloiocephalus from Serbia: Antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, and cytotoxic potentials","authors":"Milena Rašeta , Jovana Mišković , Marko Kebert , Sanja Berežni , Sanja Krstić , Gordana Gojgić-Cvijović , Teresa Pirker , Rudolf Bauer , Maja Karaman","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fungi represent a valuable source of bioactive compounds, offering potential applications in functional foods and pharmaceuticals. <em>Fistulina hepatica</em> (Schaeff.) With. and <em>Volvopluteus gloiocephalus</em> (DC.) Vizzini, Contu & Justo, two autochthonous fungi from Serbia, remain underexplored for their mycochemical composition and biological activities. This study aims to evaluate their bioactive potential, emphasizing antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, and cytotoxic properties. Extracts from <em>F. hepatica</em> and <em>V. gloiocephalus</em> were obtained using solvents of different polarities (acetone, CHCl<sub>3</sub>, 80% MeOH, 70% EtOH, H<sub>2</sub>O and PSH), and dried fruiting bodies were subjected to chemical analysis. The chemical analyses included Fourier–transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis with mycroanalysis, liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) profiling. While AAS profiling of minerals was conducted on the dried fruiting bodies, all other analyses were performed on the extracts. <em>In vitro</em> assays were performed to assess the antioxidant capacity, cytotoxicity against CCRF-CEM cells, and digestive enzyme inhibition (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase) of the extracts.</div><div>Both fungi exhibited significant antioxidant activity comparable to the standard antioxidant compound propyl gallate. Additionally, extracts showed potent enzyme inhibition, including hypoglycemic and lipase activities, indicating their potential as hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic agents, particularly in <em>F. hepatica</em>. Conversely, the acetone extract of <em>V. gloiocephalus</em> demonstrated notable cytotoxicity against CCRF-CEM cancer cells. PCA analysis confirmed correlations between bioactive compounds and bioactivities.</div><div>These findings highlight the potential of <em>F. hepatica</em> and <em>V. gloiocephalus</em> as promising sources of natural bioactive compounds with applications in addressing metabolic disorders, cancer and oxidative stress, as functional foods, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 106221"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143519633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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