Food Bioscience最新文献_第7页

Metabolomic and volatile compound analysis of lactic acid bacteria-fermented mulberry juice: Implications for functional beverage development 乳酸菌发酵桑椹汁的代谢组学和挥发性化合物分析：对功能饮料开发的启示

IF 5.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Bioscience

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108414

Zhao-Quan Zhou , Yu-Ting Zhao , Ming Liang , Zsolt Zalán , Chen Wang , Hua-Yi Suo

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation is widely recognized for enhancing the sensory and functional attributes of foods. This study investigated the physicochemical, flavor, and metabolomic transformations of mulberry juice fermented by three distinct LAB strains. The results demonstrated that mulberry juice was an adequate growth medium for LAB, with all strains reaching cell densities above 8.0 log CFU/mL after 24 h of fermentation. Concurrently, LAB fermentation increased the total phenolic content (TPC) and total anthocyanin content (TAC), enhanced the juice's inhibitory activity against α-amylase and pancreatic lipase, and modulated its free radical-scavenging capacity and amino acid composition. Furthermore, volatile analysis (HS-SPME/GC-MS) and untargeted metabolomics (UHPLC-MS/MS) revealed that fermentation markedly altered the flavor and overall metabolite profiles of the juice. These changes collectively enhanced the probiotic potential and sensory attributes of the juice. Notably, mulberry juice fermented with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum S58 (Lp.S58) achieved the highest sensory evaluation scores. In summary, these findings offer valuable strategies for further processing of mulberry juice and provide novel insights into the development of LAB-fermented functional beverages.

乳酸菌（LAB）发酵在提高食品感官和功能属性方面得到了广泛的认可。本研究研究了三种不同的LAB菌株发酵桑椹汁的理化、风味和代谢组学转化。结果表明，桑椹汁是LAB适宜的生长培养基，发酵24 h后，所有菌株的细胞密度均达到8.0 log CFU/mL以上。同时，乳酸菌发酵提高了橙汁总酚含量（TPC）和总花青素含量（TAC），增强了橙汁对α-淀粉酶和胰脂肪酶的抑制活性，调节了橙汁清除自由基的能力和氨基酸组成。此外，挥发性分析（HS-SPME/GC-MS）和非靶向代谢组学（UHPLC-MS/MS）显示，发酵显著改变了果汁的风味和总体代谢物谱。这些变化共同增强了果汁的益生菌潜力和感官属性。以植物乳杆菌S58 （Lp.S58）发酵的桑椹汁感官评价得分最高。总之，这些发现为桑椹汁的进一步加工提供了有价值的策略，并为实验室发酵功能饮料的开发提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Functional differences between betacyanins in vitro and in planta: Betanin and amaranthin enhance tyrosine-related metabolites in mustard seedlings 甜菜菁素在离体和植株中的功能差异：甜菜菁素和苋菜红素增强芥菜幼苗中酪氨酸相关代谢产物

IF 5.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Bioscience

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108359

Mohammad Imtiyaj Khan , Monika Kumari , Hidam Bishworjit Singh , Danni Zhang

Betalainic plants accumulate biosynthetically related betacyanins such as betanidin, betanin (betanidn-5-O-glucoside), and amaranthin [betanidin-5-O-(2′-O-glucuronyl)-glucoside]. In such plants, these pigments are involved in stress tolerance and other physiological roles. These pigments are pharmacoactive and also used as food colorants, smart indicators in packaging films, and others. Herein, we investigated the effects of incremental substitution in their structures using density functional theory (DFT), in vitro antioxidant activity, cytotoxicity, and seedlings of Brassica campestris L., which is a betalain-devoid crop plant. The results showed betanin's better electron-donating potential, amaranthin's better in vitro antioxidant activity, and synergistic in vitro cytotoxic effect of all the three above-mentioned betacyanins. Individual betacyanins or in combinations of two of them were not cytotoxic. Betanin (50 mmol/L) produced comparable growth-promoting effect with 24-epibrassinolide (EBR; 10 μmol/L), a brassinosteroid. EBR and betanin did not affect total chlorophylls, but amaranthin enhanced them. Betanin enhanced tyrosine and ascorbic acid in B. campestris seedlings. Amaranthin neither produced a significant growth-promoting effect nor a comparable tyrosine-enhancing effect with betanin. Taken together, our findings establish that betanin is a physiologically more effective compound in planta, particularly in betalain-devoid B. campestris. Considering the importance of tyrosine and ascorbic acid in our diet and betanin's ability to enhance them in B. campestris, pre-harvest treatment with betanin or betanin-containing formulations may be recommended to enhance the nutritional quality.

甜菜碱植物积累生物合成相关的甜菜青素，如甜菜素、甜菜素（甜菜素-5- o -葡萄糖苷）和苋菜素[甜菜素-5- o -（2 ' - o -葡萄糖醛酸）-葡萄糖苷]。在这些植物中，这些色素参与了抗逆性和其他生理作用。这些色素具有药理活性，也可用作食品着色剂、包装薄膜中的智能指示器等。在此，我们利用密度泛函理论（DFT）研究了增量取代对其结构的影响、体外抗氧化活性、细胞毒性和油菜（Brassica campestris L.）幼苗的影响。油菜是一种缺乏甜菜素的作物植物。结果表明，甜菜红素具有较好的给电子能力，苋菜红素具有较好的体外抗氧化活性，并具有协同体外细胞毒作用。单独的甜菜花青素或其中两种的组合没有细胞毒性。甜菜素（50 mmol/L）与油菜素内酯24-表油菜素内酯（EBR; 10 μmol/L）的促生长作用相当。EBR和甜菜素对总叶绿素没有影响，而苋菜素对总叶绿素有促进作用。甜菜素提高油菜幼苗中酪氨酸和抗坏血酸含量。苋菜素既没有显著的促生长作用，也没有与甜菜素相当的酪氨酸增强作用。综上所述，我们的研究结果表明，甜菜素在植物中是一种生理上更有效的化合物，特别是在缺乏甜菜素的油菜杆菌中。考虑到酪氨酸和抗坏血酸在我们的饮食中的重要性，以及甜菜素在油菜双歧杆菌中增强它们的能力，可能建议在收获前用甜菜素或含甜菜素的配方进行处理，以提高营养质量。

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引用次数: 0

A Sensitive and Recyclable capillary-based SERS substrates for in situ detection of trace contaminants in liquid environments 一种敏感和可回收的毛细管基SERS底物，用于液体环境中痕量污染物的原位检测

IF 5.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Bioscience

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108426

Linyu Mei , Zicheng Zhang , Yue Niu , Wenlong Deng , Jiwei Song , Yuan Yao , Ruien Yu , Yunpeng Shao , Xiujian Chou

In this study, a capillary coated with silver nanoparticles-modified zinc oxide nanorods (Ag/ZnO NRs) was developed as an ultrasensitive SERS substrate. The aggregation of Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) at the tips and sides of ZnO NRs generates high-density three-dimensional “hot spots”, which, together with the photocatalytic activity of Ag/ZnO and the extended light–analyte interaction time afforded by the capillary structure, enables efficient adsorption and in situ detection of trace pollutants. This substrate exhibits excellent SERS performance, achieving a detection limit of 10⁻¹⁴ M for Rhodamine 6G (R6G), with a relative standard deviation of less than 12%, with in-situ and rapid detection of microplastics in different liquid environments such as seawater and various beverages, the detection limit of polystyrene microspheres is as low as 50 μg/mL. Therefore, our prepared substrate offers a highly sensitive and reusable solution for in-situ, real-time, and rapid monitoring of trace contaminants in liquid environments.

在这项研究中，开发了一种涂有银纳米颗粒修饰氧化锌纳米棒（Ag/ZnO NRs）的毛细管作为超灵敏的SERS衬底。Ag纳米粒子（Ag NPs）聚集在ZnO NRs的尖端和侧面，形成高密度的三维“热点”，再加上Ag/ZnO的光催化活性和毛细管结构所提供的延长的光分析物相互作用时间，使微量污染物的高效吸附和原位检测成为可能。该底物具有优异的SERS性能，对罗丹明6G （R6G）的检出限为10 ~ 14 M，相对标准偏差小于12%，可在海水、各种饮料等不同液体环境中原位快速检测微塑料，对聚苯乙烯微球的检出限低至50 μg/mL。因此，我们制备的基板为液体环境中痕量污染物的原位、实时和快速监测提供了高度敏感和可重复使用的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Novel anti-inflammatory peptides identified from beef tripe by network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vitro study in RAW264.7 murine macrophages 通过网络药理学、分子对接和RAW264.7小鼠巨噬细胞体外研究从牛肚中鉴定出新的抗炎肽

IF 5.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Bioscience

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108384

Xuelian Sun , Zhifei He , Li Yang , Hongjun Li

Beef tripe protein has been demonstrated as a functional food ingredient with antioxidant activity. This study aimed to screen and validate the bioactive peptides identified from beef tripe to search for potential anti-inflammatory peptides for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that the core targets through which beef tripe peptides exert anti-inflammatory effects are AKT1, JUN, and FOS. Molecular docking results further indicated that NLPLPPPPPPPR, GLGPPSPPAPPR, and HSLPPGPY have the greatest potential to exert anti-inflammatory effects. Subsequently, the anti-inflammatory effects of these three beef tripe-derived peptides were investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Results demonstrated that these peptides enhanced cell viability in LPS-induced cell damage to varying degrees. These peptides significantly inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory mediators (nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin 6), elevated antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, glutathione-peroxidase, and catalase), and reduced reactive oxygen species accumulation, thereby effectively mitigating inflammatory responses. Additionally, beef tripe peptides exerted their anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Collectively, these findings suggest that beef tripe peptides may serve as promising dietary supplements for the treatment of inflammation-related disorders.

牛肚蛋白已被证明是一种具有抗氧化活性的功能性食品成分。本研究旨在筛选和验证从牛肚中鉴定的生物活性肽，以寻找治疗溃疡性结肠炎的潜在抗炎肽。网络药理学分析显示，牛肚肽发挥抗炎作用的核心靶点是AKT1、JUN和FOS。分子对接结果进一步表明NLPLPPPPPPPR、GLGPPSPPAPPR和HSLPPGPY发挥抗炎作用的潜力最大。随后，我们在脂多糖（LPS）刺激的RAW264.7巨噬细胞中研究了这三种牛肉三联肽的抗炎作用。结果表明，这些肽在lps诱导的细胞损伤中不同程度地增强了细胞活力。这些肽显著抑制促炎介质（一氧化氮、肿瘤坏死因子-α和白细胞介素6）的产生，提高抗氧化酶（超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶）活性，减少活性氧积累，从而有效减轻炎症反应。此外，牛内脏肽通过抑制丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）信号通路发挥其抗炎作用。总的来说，这些发现表明牛肚肽可能作为治疗炎症相关疾病的有希望的膳食补充剂。

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引用次数: 0

Preparation and characterization of Lentinula edodes mycelial polysaccharides under varying culture conditions: relationships between monosaccharide properties and RAW264.7 cells activation 不同培养条件下香菇菌丝多糖的制备与表征：单糖性质与RAW264.7细胞活化的关系

IF 5.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Bioscience

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108315

ChangSheng Li , Periyannan Rajasekar , Juseok Park , DongKi Lee , Jin-Chul Kim , Subramanian Palanisamy , SangGuan You , Dong-Jin Lee

This study investigated the effects of mineral supplementation on Lentinula edodes mycelial growth, polysaccharide production, structure, and immunostimulatory activity. Among the tested conditions, supplementation with 4% MgSO₄ significantly increased polysaccharide yield. Structural analysis showed that the polysaccharides mainly consisted of glucose (43.8%–48.1%), mannose (23.9%–32.5%), and galactose (12.6%–22.5%) with various glycosidic linkages. Functional testing using RAW264.7 macrophages revealed strong immunostimulatory activity, with sample C inducing the highest nitric oxide (NO) production (29.61%), followed by sample B (23.08%), similar to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Gene expression analysis indicated that key carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes, including phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI), α-phosphoglucomutase (PGM), and UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGPase), were differentially regulated and linked to polysaccharide sugar composition. For example, sample B showed high expression levels of PGI (1.15-fold), PGM (1.18-fold), and UGPase (1.07-fold), supporting active glucose conversion toward UDP-sugar formation, whereas elevated PMI expression in sample C (1.15-fold) matched its highest mannose content (29.6%). Overall, these results demonstrate that mineral supplementation affects polysaccharide biosynthesis and immune activity, providing insights for optimizing culture conditions for L. edodes polysaccharide production.

本研究研究了添加矿物质对香菇菌丝生长、多糖产生、结构和免疫刺激活性的影响。在试验条件下，添加4% MgSO4显著提高了多糖产量。结构分析表明，该多糖主要由葡萄糖（43.8% ~ 48.1%）、甘露糖（23.9% ~ 32.5%）和半乳糖（12.6% ~ 22.5%）组成，并具有多种糖苷键。RAW264.7巨噬细胞功能检测显示其具有较强的免疫刺激活性，样品C诱导一氧化氮（NO）生成最高（29.61%），其次是样品B(23.08%)，类似于脂多糖（LPS）刺激。基因表达分析表明，关键的糖代谢酶，包括磷酸葡萄糖异构酶（PGI）、α-磷酸葡萄糖糖化酶（PGM）和udp -葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶（UGPase）受到差异调控，并与多糖糖组成有关。例如，样品B显示高表达水平的PGI（1.15倍），PGM（1.18倍）和UGPase（1.07倍），支持活跃的葡萄糖转化为udp -糖的形成，而样品C中升高的PMI表达（1.15倍）与其最高甘露糖含量（29.6%）相匹配。总的来说，这些结果表明，矿物质补充影响多糖的生物合成和免疫活性，为优化L. edodes多糖的培养条件提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0

Characterization of bitter peptide release and antioxidant activity of peptide mixture of clam (Aloididae aloidi): Combining sensory and physicochemical approach 蛤（Aloididae aloidi）肽混合物苦肽释放及抗氧化活性的表征：感官与理化相结合的方法

IF 5.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Bioscience

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108366

Beibei Ye , Yilin Wang , Fengchun Liu , Zhengpeng Wei , Cikun Liu , Shumin Yi , Xuepeng Li , Jianrong Li

Bitter peptides are considered as short peptides with potential function. The aim of this study was to investigate the release mechanism of bitter peptide and antioxidant activity of peptide mixture prepared with different peptidases (alkaline proteinase (AP), papain (Pap), compound proteinase (CP) and neutral protease (NP)) treatment on Aloididae aloidi (A. aloidi). The sensory evaluation, e-tongue, degree of hydrolysis (DH), content of soluble peptide, molecular weight (MW) distribution, content of free amino acids (FAAs), taste activity value (TAV), 2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)-hydrazinyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-Azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity were determined. Results indicated that the endogenous activity of enzymes promoted the release of bitter peptides, wherein AP and Pap showed a better effect. The bitter taste of the peptide mixture exhibited a typical bell-shaped curve with hydrolysis time, positively correlating with soluble peptide content. The correlation between bitter intensity and physicochemical properties was analyzed with PLSR model, which revealed that short peptides (200–1000 Da) play a dominant role in affecting the bitterness of hydrolysates, rather than bitter amino acids. Pap1.0 group showed strong antioxidant activity including 40.22 % DPPH and 72.80 % ABTS radical scavenging activity. This study not only provides theoretical support for the enzymatic processing of low-value shellfish, but also offers a reference to achieve high-value utilization of marine protein hydrolysates.

苦肽被认为是具有潜在功能的短肽。本研究旨在探讨不同肽酶(碱性蛋白酶（AP）、木瓜蛋白酶（Pap）、复合蛋白酶（CP）和中性蛋白酶（NP）处理后的苦肽复合物对aloiddae aloidi （A. aloidi）的释放机制和抗氧化活性。测定了其感官评价、e-tongue、水解度（DH）、可溶性肽含量（MW）、分子量分布、游离氨基酸含量（FAAs）、味觉活性值（TAV）、2,2-二苯基-1-（2,4,6-三硝基苯）-肼基（DPPH）和2,2 ' -氮化萘（3-乙基苯并噻唑-6-磺酸）（ABTS）自由基清除能力。结果表明，内源酶的活性促进了苦肽的释放，其中AP和Pap的作用较好。肽混合物的苦味随水解时间呈典型的钟形曲线，与可溶性肽含量呈正相关。利用PLSR模型分析了苦强度与理化性质的相关性，结果表明，短肽（200-1000 Da）对水解产物的苦味起主导作用，而不是苦味氨基酸。Pap1.0组具有较强的抗氧化能力，对DPPH和ABTS自由基的清除率分别为40.22%和72.80%。本研究不仅为低价值贝类的酶处理提供了理论支持，也为实现海洋蛋白水解物的高价值利用提供了参考。

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引用次数: 0

Advancing lipid nutrition for type 2 diabetes: the critical role of medium- and long-chain triglycerides in modulating lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and ketogenesis 推进2型糖尿病的脂质营养：中长链甘油三酯在调节脂质代谢、胰岛素抵抗和生酮中的关键作用

IF 5.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Bioscience

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108413

Xiaojing Liu , Yandan Wang , Wei Wei , Jun Jin , Xingguo Wang , Yingying Tang

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents a metabolic paradox of “starvation in abundance,” necessitating a reliance on dietary lipids for energy. However, current fat consumption guidelines are oversimplified and largely overlook the distinct metabolic consequences of different glyceride structures. This review critically re-evaluates dietary fat strategies and proposes a novel framework based on three principles: 1) ameliorating insulin resistance, 2) minimizing lipid-induced metabolic burden, and 3) controlling ketone body (KB) production-a key risk factor that is often disregarded. Specifically, medium- and long-chain triglycerides (MLCTs) align with these principles through their unique structural properties. They minimize ectopic fat accumulation via the rapid oxidation of medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs), enhance insulin sensitivity through the synergistic activation of GPR40 and insulin signaling pathways, and attenuate ketogenic potential by modulating the hepatic influx of MCFAs through the presence of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs). Collectively, MLCTs can serve as a mechanistic foundation for developing next-generation functional lipids toward personalized T2DM management.

2型糖尿病（T2DM）代表了一种代谢悖论，即“大量饥饿”，需要依赖饮食中的脂质来获取能量。然而，目前的脂肪消耗指南过于简化，很大程度上忽视了不同甘油结构的不同代谢后果。这篇综述批判性地重新评估了饮食脂肪策略，并提出了一个基于三个原则的新框架：1)改善胰岛素抵抗，2)最小化脂质诱导的代谢负担，以及3)控制酮体（KB）的产生-这是一个经常被忽视的关键风险因素。具体来说，中链和长链甘油三酯（MLCTs）通过其独特的结构特性符合这些原则。它们通过中链脂肪酸（MCFAs）的快速氧化来减少异位脂肪的积累，通过GPR40和胰岛素信号通路的协同激活来增强胰岛素敏感性，通过长链脂肪酸（LCFAs）的存在来调节MCFAs的肝内流来减弱生酮潜能。总的来说，mlct可以作为开发下一代功能性脂质以实现个性化T2DM管理的机制基础。

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引用次数: 0

Peptidome profiling of colostrum from Ladakhi yak (Bos grunniens) and evaluation of endogenous peptide's bioactivity 拉达克牦牛初乳肽肽谱分析及内源肽生物活性评价

IF 5.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Bioscience

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108241

Priti Panchal , Rohit Kumar , Manishi Mukesh , Jai Kumar Kaushik , Monika Sodhi , Ashok Kumar Mohanty , Sudarshan Kumar

Colostrum is a rich source of bioactive peptides with potential health-promoting properties. However, the endogenous peptide composition of Ladakhi Yak colostrum has not been characterized to date. This study aimed to profile and evaluates the bioactive potential of endogenous peptides (EPs) in Ladakhi Yak colostrum. Peptide profiling using LC-MS/MS identified 1,717 unique peptide sequences. Three novel peptides were chemically synthesized and assessed for bioactivity. The cytokine-modulating effects of these peptides were evaluated in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells using qPCR and ELISA, while antioxidant activity was determined through radical scavenging assays. Among the synthesized peptides, VK7 and KQ20 significantly down regulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL1β. VK7 also upregulated the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL10. Additionally, GH18 exhibited significant radical scavenging activity, indicating antioxidant potential of the peptide. Overall, this study presents the first detailed characterization of endogenous peptides in Ladakhi Yak colostrum and identifies peptides with potential cytokine-modulatory and antioxidative effect under in vitro assays. This study also establishes a foundational peptidomic dataset which can be used for future bioinformatic analysis and development of functional food.

初乳含有丰富的生物活性肽，具有潜在的促进健康的特性。然而，拉达克牦牛初乳的内源肽组成至今尚未被表征。本研究旨在分析和评价拉达克牦牛初乳中内源性肽（EPs）的生物活性。利用LC-MS/MS进行肽谱分析，鉴定出1717个独特的肽序列。化学合成了三种新型多肽，并对其生物活性进行了评价。在lps刺激的RAW264.7巨噬细胞中，采用qPCR和ELISA方法评估了这些肽的细胞因子调节作用，并通过自由基清除试验测定了抗氧化活性。在合成的肽中，VK7和KQ20显著下调促炎细胞因子TNF-α和il - 1β的表达。VK7还上调抗炎细胞因子IL10的表达。此外，GH18表现出显著的自由基清除活性，表明该肽具有抗氧化潜力。总体而言，本研究首次详细表征了拉达克牦牛初乳中的内源性肽，并通过体外实验鉴定了具有潜在细胞因子调节和抗氧化作用的肽。本研究还建立了一个基础的肽组学数据集，可用于未来功能食品的生物信息学分析和开发。

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引用次数: 0

In silico discovery of a novel sheep whey protein-derived antimicrobial peptide: antimicrobial activity, mechanism of action, and application 一种新型绵羊乳清蛋白衍生抗菌肽的硅发现：抗菌活性，作用机制和应用

IF 5.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Bioscience

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108438

Shuaiqi Ji , Mengxue Lou , Feiyu An , Yilin Chou , Yi Zhu , Jiawei Guo , Meichao Luo , Taowei Zhang , Wenqian Li , Xinyi Zhang , Rina Wu , Junrui Wu

Sheep whey protein, a valuable resource for bioactive peptide production, is prone to contamination or often discarded, generating resource waste. This study explored novel milk-derived antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) for sheep milk preservation by evaluating the antimicrobial effects of whey protein hydrolyzed by four proteases. It utilized single-factor experiments and response surface methodology, combined with computer simulations and wet-lab validation. The results revealed that the hydrolysate obtained from neutral protease exhibited the strongest antimicrobial activity. Subsequently, 394 peptide sequences were identified from the 1–3 kDa fraction of the neutral protease hydrolysate via ultrafiltration centrifugation and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Through various bioinformatics analyses, machine learning, and AlphaFold3, three candidate peptides—LKAWSVARLSQKFPKA, TLSQLTKLGKPFK, and KKQTALVELLKHKPK—were selected for further evaluation. 200 ns molecular dynamics simulations and gmx_mmpbsa calculations revealed LKAWSVARLSQKFPKA exhibited superior membrane-binding ability and stable α-helix structure in the environments of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli than the other two peptides. The wet-lab experiments showed that it also disrupted bacterial membranes and caused intracellular leakage, demonstrating excellent antimicrobial activity and stability against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, along with low hemolytic toxicity. Additionally, LKAWSVARLSQKFPKA at minimum inhibitory concentrations of 32 μg/mL and 128 μg/mL respectively effectively inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in sheep milk. Overall, these findings provided a theoretical basis for the application of sheep whey protein and the development of novel milk-derived AMPs.

绵羊乳清蛋白是生产生物活性肽的宝贵资源，容易受到污染或经常被丢弃，造成资源浪费。本研究通过评价四种蛋白酶水解的乳清蛋白的抗菌效果，探索用于羊奶保鲜的新型乳源抗菌肽（AMPs）。它利用单因素实验和响应面方法，结合计算机模拟和湿室验证。结果表明，中性蛋白酶水解产物的抑菌活性最强。随后，通过超滤离心和液相色谱-串联质谱分析，从中性蛋白酶水解产物的1 - 3kda片段中鉴定出394个肽序列。通过各种生物信息学分析，机器学习和AlphaFold3，选择三个候选肽lkawsvarlsqkfpka， TLSQLTKLGKPFK和kkqtalvellkhkpk进行进一步评估。200 ns分子动力学模拟和gmx_mmpbsa计算结果表明，LKAWSVARLSQKFPKA在金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌环境中表现出更强的膜结合能力和稳定的α-螺旋结构。湿实验室实验表明，它还能破坏细菌膜并引起细胞内渗漏，对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌表现出良好的抗菌活性和稳定性，同时具有低溶血毒性。LKAWSVARLSQKFPKA最低抑菌浓度分别为32 μg/mL和128 μg/mL时，能有效抑制羊奶中金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的生长。综上所述，这些发现为绵羊乳清蛋白的应用和新型乳源性抗菌肽的开发提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Endophytic lactic acid bacteria drive microbial specialization and suppress potential pathogens during alfalfa fermentation 内生乳酸菌驱动微生物专门化和抑制潜在的病原体在苜蓿发酵

IF 5.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Bioscience

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108338

Yu Gao , Baojie Yuan , Hongzhang Zhou , Yuan Wang , Fuyu Yang , Kuikui Ni

Endophytic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) live within plant tissues and possess habitat-adaptive advantages in plant fermentation. Here, we investigated the effects of two endophytic LAB strains—Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus—isolated from alfalfa and exhibiting inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, and Aspergillus flavus, on the nutrition, microbial community structure and biosafety of fermented alfalfa. L. plantarum, from a genus enriched during spontaneous fermentation, promoted early microbial specialization and enhanced fermentation quality by upregulating carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. The metabolic characteristics of microbial communities dominated by P. pentosaceus were different. Co-inoculating exhibited a balanced metabolic profile, further simplified microbial network complexity and inhibited microorganisms associated with biofilm formation and pathogenicity. These findings support a co-inoculation strategy using ecologically competitive and functionally synergistic LAB from native microbiota to optimize microbial dynamics and biosafety in plant-based fermentation.

内生乳酸菌生活在植物组织内，在植物发酵中具有生境适应性优势。本文研究了从苜蓿中分离得到的两株内生乳酸菌（plantibacillus plantarum）和戊糖小球菌（Pediococcus pentosaceus）对发酵苜蓿的营养、微生物群落结构和生物安全性的影响。这两株内生乳酸菌对大肠杆菌、单核增生李斯特菌和黄曲霉具有抑制活性。L. plantarum是一个在自然发酵过程中富集的属，通过上调碳水化合物和氨基酸代谢，促进了早期微生物特化，提高了发酵质量。以戊糖假单胞菌（P. pentosaceus）为主的微生物群落代谢特征不同。共接种显示出平衡的代谢谱，进一步简化了微生物网络的复杂性，并抑制了与生物膜形成和致病性相关的微生物。这些发现支持利用生态竞争和功能协同的天然微生物群的共接种策略，以优化植物发酵的微生物动力学和生物安全性。

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引用次数: 0