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Qualitative perspectives on safety, health, and productivity from Northeast United States loggers: Implications for industry sustainability 美国东北部伐木工人的安全、健康和生产力的定性观点:对行业可持续性的影响
IF 3.8 2区 农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103604
Madeleine Zenir , Pamela Milkovich , Patrick Donnelly , Wayne Lundstrom , Mark Fullen , Erika Scott
The logging industry in the United States has experienced a shift from conventional to mechanized operations. While logging remains the most fatal industry in the US, the protection of the operator inside an equipment cab has had positive impacts on safety. However, mechanization has introduced new health and safety risks for loggers. In this study, we sought to expand our knowledge of health and safety concerns by conducting semi-structured interviews with loggers in the northeastern US, specifically New York, West Virginia, and Pennsylvania. Using a 17-question interview guide, 29 interviews were conducted and recorded. Interviews were transcribed and coded using a qualitative thematic analysis approach in NVivo 12. Discovered themes included: health risks associated with mechanization and mental stress related to financial burdens, difficulty accessing health insurance, and the public's view of the industry. Participants expressed their concerns over health risks associated with prolonged machinery usage, especially weight gain. Loggers shared that financial stress was often a result of debt accrual from equipment purchases and unstable timber markets. Few of the loggers interviewed had health insurance and cited that because of the expense and perceived benefits, it was not a priority. Lastly, loggers shared their concerns over the prevalence of untrained logging operations negatively impacting the industry and how it affects their businesses. With these data, we can better identify strategies that would effectively reach and assist loggers to improve their health and safety conditions at work, allowing companies to reduce the economic impacts associated with illness and injury.
美国的伐木业经历了从传统作业到机械化作业的转变。虽然伐木仍然是美国最致命的行业,但在设备驾驶室内保护操作人员对安全产生了积极影响。然而,机械化给伐木工人带来了新的健康和安全风险。在这项研究中,我们通过对美国东北部,特别是纽约州、西弗吉尼亚州和宾夕法尼亚州的伐木工人进行半结构化访谈,试图扩大我们对健康和安全问题的了解。采用17个问题的访谈指南,进行并记录了29次访谈。在NVivo 12中使用定性专题分析方法对访谈进行转录和编码。发现的主题包括:与机械化有关的健康风险和与经济负担有关的精神压力、获得医疗保险的困难以及公众对该行业的看法。与会者对长期使用机械带来的健康风险,特别是体重增加表示关切。伐木者也认为,财政压力往往是设备购买和木材市场不稳定所产生的债务所致。在接受采访的伐木工中,很少有人有医疗保险,他们表示,由于费用和预期的好处,医疗保险不是优先考虑的问题。最后,伐木者分享了他们对未经培训的伐木作业对行业产生负面影响的担忧,以及它如何影响他们的业务。有了这些数据,我们可以更好地确定战略,有效地接触和帮助伐木工人改善工作中的健康和安全条件,使公司能够减少与疾病和伤害相关的经济影响。
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引用次数: 0
Green-blue workforce readiness for mangrove conservation: Community competency clusters and participatory drivers in Indonesia 红树林保护的绿蓝劳动力准备:印度尼西亚的社区能力集群和参与性驱动因素
IF 3.8 2区 农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103593
I Wayan Koko Suryawan , Ari Rahman , Sapta Suhardono , Van Viet Nguyen , Chun-Hung Lee
The urgent need to address climate change, coastal degradation, and youth unemployment has led to growing global interest in green-blue jobs employment opportunities that contribute to environmental restoration and sustainable livelihoods. In Indonesia, mangrove ecosystems offer critical ecological services and significant potential for green-blue workforce development. However, there is a limited understanding of the specific competencies required to enable community participation in such opportunities. This study investigates the skill and socio-economic factors influencing engagement in green-blue jobs within the context of mangrove conservation in Bali. Using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), we identify three core competency models: (1) feasibility and stakeholder engagement, (2) market, financing, and business development, and (3) institutional and gender-inclusive capacity building. All competency factors significantly affect willingness to participate (p < 0.001). Socio-economic characteristics such as income (p < 0.001), education level (p < 0.05), age group (p < 0.001), and marital status (p < 0.01) also shape engagement outcomes. The findings emphasize the need for targeted education programs and inclusive policies that integrate stakeholder collaboration, gender sensitivity, and innovative financing to support sustainable employment and mangrove conservation efforts.
应对气候变化、沿海退化和青年失业问题的迫切需要,促使全球对有助于环境恢复和可持续生计的绿蓝就业机会日益感兴趣。在印度尼西亚,红树林生态系统提供了重要的生态服务和巨大的绿蓝劳动力发展潜力。但是,人们对使社区能够参与这些机会所需的具体能力了解有限。本研究调查了在巴厘岛红树林保护背景下影响绿蓝工作参与的技能和社会经济因素。利用探索性因子分析(EFA),我们确定了三个核心能力模型:(1)可行性和利益相关者参与;(2)市场、融资和业务发展;(3)制度和性别包容性能力建设。所有胜任力因素均显著影响参与意愿(p < 0.001)。社会经济特征,如收入(p < 0.001)、教育水平(p < 0.05)、年龄组(p < 0.001)和婚姻状况(p < 0.01)也会影响订婚结果。研究结果强调需要有针对性的教育计划和包容性政策,将利益相关者的合作、性别敏感性和创新融资结合起来,以支持可持续就业和红树林保护工作。
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引用次数: 0
Information exchange network on timber legality among key actors in Serbia: An illustrative case study 塞尔维亚主要行动者间木材合法性信息交流网络:一个说明性案例研究
IF 3.8 2区 农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103602
Maja Radosavljevic , Todora Rogelja , Mauro Masiero , Elena Andriollo , Branko Glavonjic
Despite the considerable efforts to mitigate deforestation and forest degradation, illegal logging and unsustainable forest management practices remain pervasive. To deal with the issue of the illegal timber market, the European Union (EU) implemented several initiatives and regulations, the most recent being the EU Deforestation Regulation (EUDR). The Regulation brings more stringent requirements and places an additional burden on public authorities and timber traders, which might influence its future implementation. Thus, information availability, transparency and exchange are becoming more and more important. This article provides an illustrative exploration of the policy network of actors that exchange information on timber legality in Serbia, aiming to pinpoint potential gaps and avenues for improvement. Data were collected using interviews and semi-structured surveys of key decision-makers in Serbia, and analysed through Social Network Analysis (SNA). Social networks were visualised using Gephi software. Our results identify ten key actors connected with 53 connections. The findings highlight the importance of strong connections between governmental and non-governmental actors and suggest that the dominance of public actors in the information exchange network for timber legality in Serbia remains a potential weakness for future EUDR implementation and beyond. As trust is essential for building strong relationships and facilitating cooperation, captured network structure may be indicative of high levels of trust among state actors and weak ones with the scientific community, private forest owners and enterprises. This indicates that the policy-makers should focus on strengthening connections with non-state actors, promoting more balanced and inclusive information exchange, and improving the perceived quantity and quality of information exchange.
尽管为减轻毁林和森林退化作出了巨大努力,但非法采伐和不可持续的森林管理做法仍然普遍存在。为了解决非法木材市场的问题,欧洲联盟(EU)实施了一些倡议和法规,最近的是欧盟森林砍伐条例(EUDR)。该条例带来了更严格的要求,并给公共当局和木材贸易商带来了额外的负担,这可能影响其未来的实施。因此,信息的可得性、透明度和交流变得越来越重要。本文对交换塞尔维亚木材合法性信息的行为者的政策网络进行了说明性探讨,旨在指出潜在的差距和改进途径。通过访谈和对塞尔维亚关键决策者的半结构化调查收集数据,并通过社会网络分析(SNA)进行分析。使用Gephi软件对社交网络进行可视化。我们的结果确定了与53个连接相连的10个关键参与者。调查结果突出了政府和非政府行为者之间牢固联系的重要性,并表明公共行为者在塞尔维亚木材合法性信息交流网络中的主导地位仍然是今后实施《欧洲木材报告》及其后的一个潜在弱点。由于信任对于建立牢固的关系和促进合作至关重要,因此捕获的网络结构可能表明国家行为体之间的信任水平很高,而与科学界、私人森林所有者和企业之间的信任水平较低。这表明政策制定者应注重加强与非国家行为体的联系,促进更加平衡和包容的信息交流,提高信息交流的感知数量和质量。
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引用次数: 0
Regional economic and employment impacts of industrial decline in the forest sector: Evidence from sawmill closures in Michigan 森林部门工业衰退对区域经济和就业的影响:来自密歇根州锯木厂关闭的证据
IF 3.8 2区 农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103601
Basanta Lamsal , Jagdish Poudel , Raju Pokharel
This study investigates the economic impact of sawmill entry and exits in Michigan between 2019 and 2023, a period marked by ongoing structural changes in the industry, including the closure of several large mills and the opening of smaller or mid-sized operations. Using observed employment changes from the Michigan Department of Natural Resources (DNR) mill survey and Michigan state's Social Accounting Matrix (SAM), we applied an employment-based multiplier analysis to estimate how net sawmill job losses affected the statewide economy. The results show that while only 273 direct jobs were lost due to net changes from sawmill entry and exit during this period, the broader ripple effects were much larger, approximately 820 jobs and $211 million in output loss. These effects were most pronounced in labor-intensive sectors such as logging and transportation, as well as in downstream sectors like wholesale trade and real estate. The findings highlight the central role of sawmills in regional supply chains and states labor markets, with two-thirds of job losses occurring outside the mills themselves. Further, this study contributes new insight into how mill turnover impacts local economies and helps state agencies identify which regions and industries are most vulnerable to future mill closures and allocate economic development resources or transition assistance more effectively.
本研究调查了2019年至2023年期间密歇根州锯木厂进出的经济影响,这一时期的特点是该行业正在发生结构性变化,包括几家大型锯木厂的关闭和中小型锯木厂的开业。利用从密歇根州自然资源部(DNR)的工厂调查和密歇根州的社会会计矩阵(SAM)观察到的就业变化,我们应用基于就业的乘数分析来估计净锯木厂失业对全州经济的影响。结果表明,在此期间,由于锯木厂进出的净变化,只有273个直接工作岗位流失,但更广泛的连锁反应要大得多,约有820个工作岗位和2.11亿美元的产出损失。这些影响在伐木和运输等劳动密集型行业以及批发贸易和房地产等下游行业最为明显。调查结果凸显了锯木厂在地区供应链和各州劳动力市场中的核心作用,三分之二的失业发生在锯木厂以外。此外,该研究还为工厂周转如何影响当地经济提供了新的见解,并帮助国家机构确定哪些地区和行业最容易受到未来工厂关闭的影响,并更有效地分配经济发展资源或转型援助。
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引用次数: 0
Navigating the international forest policy labyrinth: Domestic drivers of participation in the UNFF from Czechia, Finland, Slovakia, and Slovenia 导航国际森林政策迷宫:捷克、芬兰、斯洛伐克和斯洛文尼亚参与联合国森林论坛的国内驱动因素
IF 3.8 2区 农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103596
Lenka Halušková , Daniela Nousiainen , Teppo Hujala , Špela Pezdevšek Malovrh , Zala Uhan , Miloslav Machoň , Vilém Jarský , Sarah L. Burns , Jaroslav Šálka
International forest policy is fragmented, multi-centric, and legally non-binding. Globally, the only intergovernmental political process focused explicitly on forest issues is the United Nations Forum on Forests (UNFF). Debates persist regarding the efficiency and relevance of this process for participating countries. The theoretical framework introduced by Börzel (2002) proposes a bottom-up approach to internationalization, which assumes that a country's participation at the international level depends on its capacity to act and its policy preferences. This article aims to test these theoretical assumptions from the perspective of four highly forested European countries Czechia, Finland, Slovakia, and Slovenia. The results show significant differences: Finland demonstrates strong engagement by leveraging its capacity and involving diverse actors, while Czechia and Slovakia participate minimally, sending governmental representatives but not prioritizing the process. Slovenia, despite having the capacity to act, does not utilize its potential within the UNFF. Notably, capacity to act and forestry sector regulation were not central determinants of participation. Instead, the recognition and support of the UNFF by domestic actors exhibited full conformity between theoretical assumptions and the observed reality. These findings suggest that domestic actors´ support is the primary driver of participation in this global, non-binding political process.
国际森林政策是碎片化的、多中心的、没有法律约束力的。在全球范围内,唯一明确关注森林问题的政府间政治进程是联合国森林论坛(UNFF)。关于这一进程对参与国的效率和相关性的辩论仍在继续。Börzel(2002)引入的理论框架提出了一种自下而上的国际化方法,该方法假设一个国家在国际层面的参与取决于其行动能力和政策偏好。本文旨在从四个森林覆盖率高的欧洲国家捷克、芬兰、斯洛伐克和斯洛文尼亚的角度来检验这些理论假设。结果显示了显著的差异:芬兰通过利用其能力和让不同的行动者参与,表现出了强有力的参与,而捷克和斯洛伐克的参与程度最低,派出了政府代表,但没有优先考虑这一进程。斯洛文尼亚虽然有能力采取行动,但却没有利用其在联保部队内的潜力。值得注意的是,行动能力和林业部门管理并不是参与的主要决定因素。相反,国内行动者对论坛的承认和支持表明理论假设与观察到的现实完全一致。这些发现表明,国内行为体的支持是参与这一全球性、非约束性政治进程的主要驱动力。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of concurrent conservation initiatives on forest-adjacent communities in the Chitwan Valley, Nepal 同步保护措施对尼泊尔奇旺河谷森林邻近社区的影响
IF 3.8 2区 农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103597
Ren Cao, Li An
Forest-adjacent communities in Nepal depend on livestock fodder and firewood for their livelihoods. This study examines how overlapping conservation efforts—namely, Community Forestry (CF) and silvicultural practices promoted under Scientific Forest Management (SFM)—have shaped household access to these resources. Using spatial mapping, forest committee surveys, and household data from over 1200 respondents in 2014 and 1400 in 2017, including a longitudinal analysis of over 600 matched households, we assess changes in travel distance to collect fodder and firewood across time and social groups. Our models reveal a shift in key predictors: under CF alone, household factors such as caste and land size were most associated with travel distance. Following the spread of SFM-inspired practices, forest management activities became stronger predictors. While these interventions appeared to improve fodder access, firewood collection distance increased significantly among marginalized groups, including Dalit, Terai Janajati, and female-headed households. This divergence highlights how concurrent conservation initiatives can produce unequal livelihood outcomes. Our findings underscore the need for integrated forest governance that addresses these social equity trade-offs, and they point toward a critical need for future research using mixed-methods and quasi-experimental designs to untangle the causal pathways of these complex policy interactions.
尼泊尔临近森林的社区依靠牲畜饲料和木柴维持生计。本研究考察了重叠的保护工作——即社区林业(CF)和在科学森林管理(SFM)下推广的造林实践——如何影响了家庭对这些资源的获取。利用空间测绘、森林委员会调查和2014年1200多名受访者和2017年1400多名受访者的家庭数据,包括对600多个匹配家庭的纵向分析,我们评估了不同时间和不同社会群体收集饲料和木柴的旅行距离的变化。我们的模型揭示了关键预测因素的转变:仅在CF下,种姓和土地大小等家庭因素与旅行距离最相关。随着受sfm启发的做法的传播,森林管理活动成为更强有力的预测因素。虽然这些干预措施似乎改善了饲料获取,但边缘化群体(包括达利特、Terai Janajati和女性户主家庭)的木柴收集距离显著增加。这种分歧凸显了同时采取的保护措施如何产生不平等的生计结果。我们的研究结果强调了解决这些社会公平权衡的综合森林治理的必要性,并指出了未来使用混合方法和准实验设计来解开这些复杂政策相互作用的因果关系的研究的迫切需要。
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引用次数: 0
Competence needs in the wood-based construction industry in Norway 挪威木质建筑行业的能力需求
IF 3.8 2区 农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103589
Knut Amund Skatvedt , Samee Ullah , Håkon Endresen Normann , Lina Ingeborgrud
The Norwegian wood industry is transitioning towards a greener economy. This study investigates the changing competence needs in the wood industry and how these changes affect recruitment. We analyze a total of 497 job advertisements from 2012 to 2022 to identify the demand for different competencies. In general, the job ads had tripled their size, including an increase in the number of different competence types required. We find a consistent high demand for technical competences across a high share of the job ads in both 2012 and 2022, but generic skills, such as teamwork, flexibility and writing and speaking skills are given more weight in the ads from 2022. Environmental awareness and commitment are new types of competences in demand, as well as knowledge on sustainable raw materials and resources. The industry also faces challenges in recruiting qualified personnel, particularly those with vocational diplomas. Companies thus adapt their recruitment strategies, by softening the formal competence requirements in the ads and offering more on-the-job training opportunities. Firms aim to enhance competitiveness and innovation by incorporating vocational expertise, but operational pressures often overtake them, leading to the deprioritization of new competencies. The wood industry is actively preparing for a green transition by attracting and retaining talent with necessary skills and attitudes and providing on-the-job training to secure the necessary technical expertise.
挪威木材工业正在向绿色经济转型。本研究调查了木材行业不断变化的能力需求,以及这些变化如何影响招聘。我们分析了从2012年到2022年共497份招聘广告,以确定对不同能力的需求。总的来说,招聘广告的规模增加了两倍,包括对不同能力类型的要求增加了。我们发现,在2012年和2022年的招聘广告中,对技术能力的要求一直很高,但从2022年起,团队合作、灵活性、写作和口语能力等通用技能在招聘广告中得到了更多的重视。环境意识和承诺是需要的新型能力,以及关于可持续原材料和资源的知识。该行业在招聘合格人才方面也面临挑战,尤其是那些拥有职业文凭的人才。因此,公司调整了他们的招聘策略,软化了广告中对正式能力的要求,提供了更多的在职培训机会。公司的目标是通过整合职业专业知识来提高竞争力和创新能力,但经营压力往往压倒了他们,导致新能力的不优先考虑。木材工业正在积极准备绿色过渡,吸引和留住具有必要技能和态度的人才,并提供在职培训,以确保必要的技术专门知识。
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引用次数: 0
Purchasing certified forest products to participate in sustainable forest management: Unveiling the drivers of consumers' intention 购买经认证的林产品参与森林可持续经营:揭示消费者意愿的驱动因素
IF 3.8 2区 农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103592
Rahim Maleknia , Aureliu Florin Hălălişan
Purchasing certificated forest products is an approach to the public participating in sustainable forest management. There is a research gap about deriving factors that promote purchasing these products. This study investigates the psychological factors influence citizens' intentions to purchase certified forest products utilizing an extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) model incorporating two additional constructs including environmental concern and perceived trust in certification mechanisms in Tehran, Iran, with a sample size of 447 consumers of furniture and wood product markets. Data collection was carried out through structured questionnaires. The hypotheses of study and relationships between variables were tested using structural equation modeling. The initial TPB model explained 65 % of the variance in purchase intention, while the extended model increased this explanatory power to 73 %. The findings revealed that attitude, perceived behavioral control, environmental concern, and perceived trust significantly influenced purchase intention. The study underscores the importance of fostering positive attitudes toward certified forest products through educational and promotional programs, enhancing environmental concern, and building trust in certification systems. These efforts can strengthen consumers' intentions to purchase certified products, thereby supporting sustainable forest management practices. This study contributes to the exiting knowledge by validating the extended TPB model in the context of environmentally sustainable purchasing intention and highlights the critical role of trust and environmental concern in shaping consumer intention. The findings of the research include actionable insights for policymakers and practitioners aiming to promote sustainable consumption and enhance public participation in environmental conservation efforts.
购买认证林产品是公众参与森林可持续经营的一种途径。对于促使人们购买这些产品的因素的推导存在研究空白。本研究利用扩展的计划行为理论(TPB)模型,结合环境关注和对认证机制的感知信任两个额外结构,在伊朗德黑兰调查了影响公民购买认证林产品意愿的心理因素,样本量为447名家具和木制品市场消费者。数据收集通过结构化问卷进行。采用结构方程模型对研究假设和变量之间的关系进行检验。最初的TPB模型解释了65%的购买意愿方差,而扩展模型将这一解释力提高到73%。调查结果显示,态度、感知行为控制、环境关注和感知信任对购买意愿有显著影响。该研究强调了通过教育和推广计划培养对认证林产品的积极态度、加强对环境的关注以及建立对认证体系的信任的重要性。这些努力可以增强消费者购买经认证产品的意愿,从而支持可持续森林管理做法。本研究通过验证环境可持续购买意愿背景下的扩展TPB模型,为现有知识做出贡献,并强调信任和环境关注在塑造消费者意愿中的关键作用。研究结果为政策制定者和实践者提供了可行的见解,旨在促进可持续消费和加强公众对环境保护工作的参与。
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引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to ‘Ways to Maintain and Challenge Hegemony: Actor Coalitions in Finnish Forest Governance’ [Forest Policy and economics (2025) FORPOL_103572] “维持和挑战霸权的方式:芬兰森林治理中的行动者联盟”的勘误表[森林政策与经济(2025)FORPOL_103572]
IF 3.8 2区 农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103591
Naveed Imran , Simo Sarkki , Anna Krzywoszynska , Hannu I. Heikkinen
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引用次数: 0
Influence of communication channels on forestry programs participation: Evidence from smallholders in Vietnam 沟通渠道对林业项目参与的影响:来自越南小农的证据
IF 3.8 2区 农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2025.103585
Thi Mai Anh Tran , Kyungmook Lee , Dongwook W. Ko
Communication plays a pivotal role in enhancing rural households' engagement in forestry programs, yet its impacts have not been thoroughly explored. In this study, we examine the influence of communication channels on the participation decisions of 300 randomly sampled households across 30 communities in Thanh Hoa Province, Vietnam. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data on communication aspects, household characteristics, socioeconomic status, institutional considerations, farm attributes, and biophysical factors. Logistic regression and Bayesian model averaging were utilized for data analysis. Our findings revealed that government-led formal communication channels were more influential in increasing forestry participation than informal farmer-to-farmer communication. Further, information on forestry programs, planting knowledge, forest area, formal communication channels, and household wealth ranking jointly predicted landholders' participation decisions. As for policy interventions, we suggested improving transparency and monitoring of formal communication channels, extending educational outreach initiatives, and utilizing informal networks to disseminate technical information/supports to local households. Implementing tailored support instruments for resource-constrained households is further recommended. Collectively, our study offers a foundation for understanding communication's role in forestry program participation, contributing to the development of context-tailored strategies to enhance the efficacy and socioeconomic viability of forestry development projects in rural Vietnam.
沟通在提高农村家庭参与林业项目方面发挥着关键作用,但其影响尚未得到充分探讨。在这项研究中,我们考察了沟通渠道对越南清化省30个社区300个随机抽样家庭参与决策的影响。采用半结构化访谈收集沟通方面、家庭特征、社会经济地位、制度考虑、农场属性和生物物理因素的数据。采用Logistic回归和贝叶斯平均模型进行数据分析。研究结果表明,政府主导的正式沟通渠道在提高林业参与方面比非正式的农民与农民沟通更有影响力。此外,林业项目、种植知识、森林面积、正规沟通渠道和家庭财富排名等信息共同预测了土地所有者的参与决策。在政策干预方面,我们建议提高正式沟通渠道的透明度和监测,扩大教育外展活动,并利用非正式网络向当地家庭传播技术信息/支持。进一步建议为资源受限的家庭实施量身定制的支持工具。总的来说,我们的研究为理解沟通在林业项目参与中的作用提供了基础,有助于制定适合具体情况的战略,以提高越南农村林业发展项目的有效性和社会经济可行性。
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引用次数: 0
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Forest Policy and Economics
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