Pub Date : 2000-05-01DOI: 10.1080/10641220009351410
V. Brezová, M. Gembicka, A. Staško
Abstract The photoinduced formation of fullerene anion radicals from mono- and bis-N-methylfulleropyrrolidinium salts in the presence of TiO2 or triethylamine as electron donating substrates was investigated using in situ EPR spectroscopy in various solvent mixtures. The photoreduction yield and stability of anion radicals generated are affected by the solvent properties, such as relative permittivity and hydrogen bond donation ability.
摘要采用原位电子还原光谱(EPR)研究了在不同溶剂混合物中，以TiO2或三乙胺为供电子底物，单-和双- n -甲基富勒吡啶盐光诱导形成富勒烯阴离子自由基。相对介电常数和氢键给予能力等溶剂性质影响了光还原产率和阴离子自由基的稳定性。
{"title":"Photoinduced Electron Transfer to Fulleropyrrolidinium Salts Studied by EPR","authors":"V. Brezová, M. Gembicka, A. Staško","doi":"10.1080/10641220009351410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641220009351410","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The photoinduced formation of fullerene anion radicals from mono- and bis-N-methylfulleropyrrolidinium salts in the presence of TiO2 or triethylamine as electron donating substrates was investigated using in situ EPR spectroscopy in various solvent mixtures. The photoreduction yield and stability of anion radicals generated are affected by the solvent properties, such as relative permittivity and hydrogen bond donation ability.","PeriodicalId":12470,"journal":{"name":"Fullerene Science and Technology","volume":"53 1","pages":"225 - 248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77214828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-01DOI: 10.1080/10641220009351407
J. Tamulienė, A. Tamulis, M. L. Balevicius, A. Graja
Abstract Geometry and energy of formation of single molecules: fullerene C60, CS2 and tetrathiofulvalene (TTF) and their complexes: C60 +CS2 and C60 +TTF were obtained using Hartree-Fock (HF) and Density Functional Theory methods in various basis sets. Weak chemical interactions were estimated enough well using HF/6-31G for a comparison of various geometrical conformations of these complexes. Energy of formation evaluation in charge-transfer complex C60 +TTF is performing additionally calculating complex with far-separated molecules.
{"title":"Ab Initio Quantum Chemical Methods for Investigations of Fullerene C60, CS2 and Tetrathiafulvalene Molecules and Their Complexes","authors":"J. Tamulienė, A. Tamulis, M. L. Balevicius, A. Graja","doi":"10.1080/10641220009351407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641220009351407","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Geometry and energy of formation of single molecules: fullerene C60, CS2 and tetrathiofulvalene (TTF) and their complexes: C60 +CS2 and C60 +TTF were obtained using Hartree-Fock (HF) and Density Functional Theory methods in various basis sets. Weak chemical interactions were estimated enough well using HF/6-31G for a comparison of various geometrical conformations of these complexes. Energy of formation evaluation in charge-transfer complex C60 +TTF is performing additionally calculating complex with far-separated molecules.","PeriodicalId":12470,"journal":{"name":"Fullerene Science and Technology","volume":"46 1","pages":"165 - 178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76931340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-01DOI: 10.1080/10641220009351404
K. Okuda, T. Hirota, M. Hirobe, T. Nagano, M. Mochizuki, T. Mashino
Abstract In order to examine the utility of fullerene as a medicinal application, we evaluated the reaction between fullerene derivatives and active oxygen species in vitro. This paper describes the synthesis of various water-soluble C60 derivatives (cationic and anionic) and evaluation of their superoxide (O2 −) quenching activity. Cationic C60 derivatives showed fairly high efficiency.
{"title":"Synthesis of Various Water-Soluble G60 Derivatives and Their Superoxide-Quenching Activity","authors":"K. Okuda, T. Hirota, M. Hirobe, T. Nagano, M. Mochizuki, T. Mashino","doi":"10.1080/10641220009351404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641220009351404","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In order to examine the utility of fullerene as a medicinal application, we evaluated the reaction between fullerene derivatives and active oxygen species in vitro. This paper describes the synthesis of various water-soluble C60 derivatives (cationic and anionic) and evaluation of their superoxide (O2 −) quenching activity. Cationic C60 derivatives showed fairly high efficiency.","PeriodicalId":12470,"journal":{"name":"Fullerene Science and Technology","volume":"47 1","pages":"127 - 142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72696673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-01DOI: 10.1080/10641220009351411
A. T. Balaban, D. Klein, W. Seitz
Abstract The possibility is considered of a special class of fullerenes which are not spheres but disks, similar in shape to healthy red-blood cells (or erythrocytes). Such a fullerene would consist of two large, nearly parallel, hexagonal arrays of benzenoid rings, each array connected by 12 pentagons (and typically some supplementary benzenoid rings). Different families of such fullerenes are presented, sometimes via more than one construction. They can be considered to approximate graphite without dangling bonds, especially if the central parts of the hexagonal arrays consisting only of hexagonal rings flatten to yield intramolecular Van der Waals attractive interactions between the two parallel faces of the erythrocyte-like pillow-shaped fullerene.
{"title":"Large “Pillow” Fullerenes as Graphite without Dangling Bonds","authors":"A. T. Balaban, D. Klein, W. Seitz","doi":"10.1080/10641220009351411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641220009351411","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The possibility is considered of a special class of fullerenes which are not spheres but disks, similar in shape to healthy red-blood cells (or erythrocytes). Such a fullerene would consist of two large, nearly parallel, hexagonal arrays of benzenoid rings, each array connected by 12 pentagons (and typically some supplementary benzenoid rings). Different families of such fullerenes are presented, sometimes via more than one construction. They can be considered to approximate graphite without dangling bonds, especially if the central parts of the hexagonal arrays consisting only of hexagonal rings flatten to yield intramolecular Van der Waals attractive interactions between the two parallel faces of the erythrocyte-like pillow-shaped fullerene.","PeriodicalId":12470,"journal":{"name":"Fullerene Science and Technology","volume":"52 1","pages":"249 - 265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83967395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-01DOI: 10.1080/10641220009351408
T. Mieno
Abstract By using a chip-injection-type J×B arc reactor, carbon material chips of, for example, charcoal, activated carbon, sumi (Chinese ink stick), synthetic rubber and carbon black are well arc-sublimated in He gas and fullerenes are successfully produced from these materials. From the viewpoints of effective use of plant resources, recycling of used carbon materials and environmental low-emission technology, the utilization of these materials to produce fullerenes has potential as an environment-friendly technology.
{"title":"Production of Fullerenes from Plant Materials and used Carbon Materials by Means of a Chip-Injection-Type J×B Arc Reactor","authors":"T. Mieno","doi":"10.1080/10641220009351408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641220009351408","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract By using a chip-injection-type J×B arc reactor, carbon material chips of, for example, charcoal, activated carbon, sumi (Chinese ink stick), synthetic rubber and carbon black are well arc-sublimated in He gas and fullerenes are successfully produced from these materials. From the viewpoints of effective use of plant resources, recycling of used carbon materials and environmental low-emission technology, the utilization of these materials to produce fullerenes has potential as an environment-friendly technology.","PeriodicalId":12470,"journal":{"name":"Fullerene Science and Technology","volume":"3 1","pages":"179 - 186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88423919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-01DOI: 10.1080/10641220009351405
D. Galván, Jun-Ho Kim, M. Maple, M. Avalos-Borja, E. Adem
Abstract In this work, we report the production of NbSe2, (niobium diselenide) nanotubes by high doses of electron irradiation. The apparatus used for irradiation was a 2 MeV Van de Graaff accelerator, while the irradiation conditions were the following: voltage 1.3 MeV, current 5μA, dose rate 25 kGy/min, and total dosage 1000 kGy. Samples were analyzed with a high-resolution transmission electron microscope. The main characteristics observed were huge and very well defined nanotubes of several nm long and few nm wide, which are presumably hollow, although they are capped at one end. At this level of irradiation, we were able to find neither onion-like structure nor nanoparticles through out other areas, as it is usual in similar hexagonal structures of the dichalcogenide family.
摘要本文报道了利用高剂量电子辐照法制备二硒化铌纳米管。辐照装置为2 MeV Van de Graaff加速器，辐照条件为:电压1.3 MeV，电流5μA，剂量率25 kGy/min，总剂量1000 kGy。用高分辨率透射电子显微镜对样品进行分析。观察到的主要特征是巨大且非常清晰的纳米管，长几纳米，宽几纳米，尽管它们在一端被封住，但它们可能是中空的。在这种照射水平下，我们既没有发现类似洋葱的结构，也没有发现穿过其他区域的纳米颗粒，这在类似的六方二硫族结构中是常见的。
{"title":"Formation of NbSe2 Nanotubes by Electron Irradiation","authors":"D. Galván, Jun-Ho Kim, M. Maple, M. Avalos-Borja, E. Adem","doi":"10.1080/10641220009351405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641220009351405","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this work, we report the production of NbSe2, (niobium diselenide) nanotubes by high doses of electron irradiation. The apparatus used for irradiation was a 2 MeV Van de Graaff accelerator, while the irradiation conditions were the following: voltage 1.3 MeV, current 5μA, dose rate 25 kGy/min, and total dosage 1000 kGy. Samples were analyzed with a high-resolution transmission electron microscope. The main characteristics observed were huge and very well defined nanotubes of several nm long and few nm wide, which are presumably hollow, although they are capped at one end. At this level of irradiation, we were able to find neither onion-like structure nor nanoparticles through out other areas, as it is usual in similar hexagonal structures of the dichalcogenide family.","PeriodicalId":12470,"journal":{"name":"Fullerene Science and Technology","volume":"6 1","pages":"143 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86651675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10641220009351401
F. Cataldo
Abstract The identification of fullerene-like sites on carbon black surface and in particular the pentagonal or corannulene-type sites, has permitted us to explain the chemical interaction between filler and polymer (diene rubber) occurring during mixing in terms of free radical and Diels-Alder addition of polymer chains on the fullerene-like sites of carbon black. The free radicals and diene sites are formed on rubber chains during mixing by the mechanochemical degradation, which is caused by shear stresses. We have also noticed the curious analogy between the turbostratic morphology of carbon black particles and the onion-like graphitic particles.
{"title":"The Role of Fullerene-Like Structures in Carbon Black and Their Interaction with Dienic Rubber","authors":"F. Cataldo","doi":"10.1080/10641220009351401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641220009351401","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The identification of fullerene-like sites on carbon black surface and in particular the pentagonal or corannulene-type sites, has permitted us to explain the chemical interaction between filler and polymer (diene rubber) occurring during mixing in terms of free radical and Diels-Alder addition of polymer chains on the fullerene-like sites of carbon black. The free radicals and diene sites are formed on rubber chains during mixing by the mechanochemical degradation, which is caused by shear stresses. We have also noticed the curious analogy between the turbostratic morphology of carbon black particles and the onion-like graphitic particles.","PeriodicalId":12470,"journal":{"name":"Fullerene Science and Technology","volume":"14 1","pages":"105 - 112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73684651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10641220009351402
F. Cheng, Xinlin Yang, He-sun Zhu
Abstract The effects of several water-soluble malonic acid derivatives of C60 with different addition number (M1∼M4) on hydroxyl radical were studied by ESR method. It was shown that the OH signal produced by the Fenton system could be remarkably reduced by M1 and M2, but could not by M3 and M4. The action of M1 and M2 was dose-dependent, and M1 was found to be more effective than M2. In addition, under irradiation and in the presence of oxygen, M2 could produce hydroxyl radicals. These data indicate that the quenching activity of the malonic acid derivative of C60 was closely related to the integrity of conjugated double bonds, and some C60 derivatives with specific structures might act as the eliminator or producer of hydroxyl radicals under different conditions.
{"title":"Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging and Producing Activities of Water-Soluble Malonic Acid C60","authors":"F. Cheng, Xinlin Yang, He-sun Zhu","doi":"10.1080/10641220009351402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641220009351402","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The effects of several water-soluble malonic acid derivatives of C60 with different addition number (M1∼M4) on hydroxyl radical were studied by ESR method. It was shown that the OH signal produced by the Fenton system could be remarkably reduced by M1 and M2, but could not by M3 and M4. The action of M1 and M2 was dose-dependent, and M1 was found to be more effective than M2. In addition, under irradiation and in the presence of oxygen, M2 could produce hydroxyl radicals. These data indicate that the quenching activity of the malonic acid derivative of C60 was closely related to the integrity of conjugated double bonds, and some C60 derivatives with specific structures might act as the eliminator or producer of hydroxyl radicals under different conditions.","PeriodicalId":12470,"journal":{"name":"Fullerene Science and Technology","volume":"30 1","pages":"113 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81375769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10641220009351391
S. Solodovnikov, B. Tumanskii, V. V. Bashilov, V. I. Sokolov, S. Lebedkin, W. Krätschmer
Abstract ESR spectra of M@C82 (M=La, Y) metallofullerene solutions show the monotonic decrease of the metal ion hyperfine coupling constant between −70 and +260°C and changes in the lineshape of Y@C82 signals above 80°C, which were attributed to anharmonic metal-to-cage vibrations and to the motion of Y between different chemisorption sites in a C82 cage, respectively.
{"title":"Dynamics of the Metal Ion in M@C82 (M=La, Y) Metallofullerenes Studied by Temperature Effects in Electron Spin Resonance Spectra","authors":"S. Solodovnikov, B. Tumanskii, V. V. Bashilov, V. I. Sokolov, S. Lebedkin, W. Krätschmer","doi":"10.1080/10641220009351391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641220009351391","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract ESR spectra of M@C82 (M=La, Y) metallofullerene solutions show the monotonic decrease of the metal ion hyperfine coupling constant between −70 and +260°C and changes in the lineshape of Y@C82 signals above 80°C, which were attributed to anharmonic metal-to-cage vibrations and to the motion of Y between different chemisorption sites in a C82 cage, respectively.","PeriodicalId":12470,"journal":{"name":"Fullerene Science and Technology","volume":"15 1","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87972324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10641220009351400
K. Okuda, T. Hirota, M. Hirobe, T. Nagano, M. Mochizuki, T. Mashino
Abstract In order to examine the utility of fullerene as a medicinal application, we evaluated the reaction between fullerene derivatives and active oxygen species in vitro. This paper describes the synthesis of various water-soluble C60 derivatives (cationic and anionic) and evaluation of their superoxide (O2 −) quenching activity. Cationic C60 derivatives showed fairly high efficiency.
{"title":"Synthesis of Various Water-Soluble C60 Derivatives and Their Superoxide-Quenching Activity","authors":"K. Okuda, T. Hirota, M. Hirobe, T. Nagano, M. Mochizuki, T. Mashino","doi":"10.1080/10641220009351400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641220009351400","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In order to examine the utility of fullerene as a medicinal application, we evaluated the reaction between fullerene derivatives and active oxygen species in vitro. This paper describes the synthesis of various water-soluble C60 derivatives (cationic and anionic) and evaluation of their superoxide (O2 −) quenching activity. Cationic C60 derivatives showed fairly high efficiency.","PeriodicalId":12470,"journal":{"name":"Fullerene Science and Technology","volume":"20 1","pages":"104 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88812968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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