Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0253
Ahmed Mezban Yussuf, Mundher Mulla Kadhem
The present art icle discusses the prob lems of understanding and translating the lingu istic and cult ural aspect of a foreign lite rary text. The article considers the trans lation process through the pr ism of cult ural orientation. In the process of transl ation, the nati onal cultural iden tity should be expressed to the max imum extent, through all me ans of expre ssion that include imagery and inton ation. In addi tion to the author's sty le, special atte ntion should al so be pa id to tro pes, phraseological uni ts, colloquial wo rds and dial ects that be ar the spec ifics of the wo rld picture of a cer tain people. The article, also, considers the ma in features of a certain literary te xt as an obj ect of the trans lation activity, and deter mines the ma in differences bet ween a lite rary text trans lation and ot her types of trans lation. It provides an analysis of the lingu istic and styl istic features of the wo rk that al lows creating a trans lation me ets most of the crit eria given in the arti cle and sheds light on the rea sons for unders tanding a for eign cultural wo rk of ar t. Статья посв ящена рассмотрению про блем перевода художес твенного текста в лингвокульту рологическом аспекте. В ней рассмат риваются вопросы лингвокульту рологического подхода к проб леме понимания инояз ычного текста и факт оров, влияющих на пер евод художественного тек ста. В дан ной статье перево дческий процесс рассмат ривается сквозь при зму культурологической направл енности. В пере воде в максим альной степени дол жны передаваться авто рский стиль и национальн окультурное своеобразие нар ода, куда вхо дят средства выразите льности, образность и интон ация. Помимо автор ского стиля дол жно еще удел яться особое вним ание тропам, фразеол огизмам, просторечным сло вам и диале ктам, что не сут в се бе специфику кар тины мира опреде ленного народа. Рассмат риваются так же осно вные особенности художес твенного текста, как объ екта переводческой деятел ьности и опреде ляются главные отл ичия перевода художес твенного текста от дру гих видов пере вода. Анализ ируются лингвостилистические особе нности произведения, позво ляющие создать пере вод, соответствующий больш инству приведенных в ста тье критериев , и прово дится ан aлиз при чин понимания инокуль турного художественного произв едения.
本文讨论了理解和翻译外国生活文本的语言和文化方面的问题。本文从文化取向的角度来考察翻译过程。在翻译过程中，应最大限度地表达民族的文化认同，通过各种表达方式，包括意象和语调。除了作者的文体外，还应特别注意代表某一特定人物世界图景的文体、用语单位、口语化词汇和侧面。本文还将某一文学文本的主要特征作为翻译活动的对象，并对不同类型的文本翻译及其类型之间的主要差异进行了探讨。它提供了对两部作品的语言和风格特征的分析，使翻译能够满足文章中给出的大多数标准，并阐明了理解外国文化作品的原因。Статья посв ящена рассмотрению про блем перевода художес твенного текста * лингвокульту рологическом аспекте。Внейрассматриваютсявопросылингвокультурологическогоподходакпроблемепониманияиноязычноготекстаифакторов,влияющихнапереводхудожественноготекста。Вданнойстатьепереводческийпроцессрассматриваетсясквозьпризмукультурологическойнаправленности。Впереводевмаксимальнойстепенидолжныпередаватьсяавторскийстильинациональнокультурноесвоеобразиенарода,кудавходятсредствавыразительности,образностьиинтонация。Помимоавторскогостилядолжноещеуделятьсяособоевниманиетропам,фразеологизмам,просторечнымсловамидиалектам,чтонесутвсебеспецификукартинымираопределенногонарода。Рассматриваютсятакжеосновныеособенностихудожественноготекста,какобъектапереводческойдеятельностииопределяютсяглавныеотличияпереводахудожественноготекстаотдругихвидовперевода。Анализируютсялингвостилистическиеособенностипроизведения,позволяющиесоздатьперевод,соответствующийбольшинствуприведенныхвстатьекритериев。ипроводитсяан一лизпричинпониманияинокультурногохудожественногопроизведения。
{"title":"Theoretical asp ects of trans lation of a lite rary text in the fram ework of lingu istic and cult ural analysis(Теоретические асп екты перевода художес твенного текста в рам ках лингвокультурологического ана лиза )","authors":"Ahmed Mezban Yussuf, Mundher Mulla Kadhem","doi":"10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0253","url":null,"abstract":"The present art icle discusses the prob lems of understanding and translating the lingu istic and cult ural aspect of a foreign lite rary text. The article considers the trans lation process through the pr ism of cult ural orientation. In the process of transl ation, the nati onal cultural iden tity should be expressed to the max imum extent, through all me ans of expre ssion that include imagery and inton ation. In addi tion to the author's sty le, special atte ntion should al so be pa id to tro pes, phraseological uni ts, colloquial wo rds and dial ects that be ar the spec ifics of the wo rld picture of a cer tain people. The article, also, considers the ma in features of a certain literary te xt as an obj ect of the trans lation activity, and deter mines the ma in differences bet ween a lite rary text trans lation and ot her types of trans lation. It provides an analysis of the lingu istic and styl istic features of the wo rk that al lows creating a trans lation me ets most of the crit eria given in the arti cle and sheds light on the rea sons for unders tanding a for eign cultural wo rk of ar t. Статья посв ящена рассмотрению про блем перевода художес твенного текста в лингвокульту рологическом аспекте. В ней рассмат риваются вопросы лингвокульту рологического подхода к проб леме понимания инояз ычного текста и факт оров, влияющих на пер евод художественного тек ста. В дан ной статье перево дческий процесс рассмат ривается сквозь при зму культурологической направл енности. В пере воде в максим альной степени дол жны передаваться авто рский стиль и национальн окультурное своеобразие нар ода, куда вхо дят средства выразите льности, образность и интон ация. Помимо автор ского стиля дол жно еще удел яться особое вним ание тропам, фразеол огизмам, просторечным сло вам и диале ктам, что не сут в се бе специфику кар тины мира опреде ленного народа. Рассмат риваются так же осно вные особенности художес твенного текста, как объ екта переводческой деятел ьности и опреде ляются главные отл ичия перевода художес твенного текста от дру гих видов пере вода. Анализ ируются лингвостилистические особе нности произведения, позво ляющие создать пере вод, соответствующий больш инству приведенных в ста тье критериев , и прово дится ан aлиз при чин понимания инокуль турного художественного произв едения.","PeriodicalId":125897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of languages","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131686136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0021
Dhafar Jamal Fadhil, May Stephan Rezq Allah
The present study is concerned with the writer's ideologies towards violence against women. The study focuses on analyzing violence against women in English novel to see the extent the writers are being affected and influenced by their genders. It also focuses on showing to what extent the writer's ideologies are reflected in their works. Gender influences social groups ideologies; therefore, when a writer discusses an issue that concerns the other gender, they will be either subjective or objective depending on the degree of influence, i.e., gender has influenced their thoughts as well as behaviors. A single fact may be presented differently by different writers depending on the range of affectedness by ideologies. The study aims to uncover the hidden gender-based ideologies by analyzing the discursive structure of a novel based on Van Dijk's model (2000) of ideology and racism. The selected novel is based on discussing violence against women. The study will later on reveal the real writer’s gender-based ideologies and whether the writer is a feminist or an anti-feminist? Or Is he prejudiced? Or Is he biased?
{"title":"A Feminist Discourse Analysis of Writer's Gender Biases about Violence Against Women","authors":"Dhafar Jamal Fadhil, May Stephan Rezq Allah","doi":"10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0021","url":null,"abstract":"The present study is concerned with the writer's ideologies towards violence against women. The study focuses on analyzing violence against women in English novel to see the extent the writers are being affected and influenced by their genders. It also focuses on showing to what extent the writer's ideologies are reflected in their works. Gender influences social groups ideologies; therefore, when a writer discusses an issue that concerns the other gender, they will be either subjective or objective depending on the degree of influence, i.e., gender has influenced their thoughts as well as behaviors. A single fact may be presented differently by different writers depending on the range of affectedness by ideologies. The study aims to uncover the hidden gender-based ideologies by analyzing the discursive structure of a novel based on Van Dijk's model (2000) of ideology and racism. The selected novel is based on discussing violence against women. The study will later on reveal the real writer’s gender-based ideologies and whether the writer is a feminist or an anti-feminist? Or Is he prejudiced? Or Is he biased?","PeriodicalId":125897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of languages","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131657600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0094
Hayder Sadeq Naser
This paper examines the use of one of the most common linguistic devices which is hyperbole. It shows how hyperbolic devices are used as an aspect of exaggeration or overstatement for an extra effect in which the speaker can use hyperbole to add something extra to a situation in order to exaggerate his idea or speech. It is, like other figures of speech, used to express a negative or positive attitude of a specific unit of language. Thus, this paper is set against a background of using hyperbole concerning two main fields (advertisements and propaganda). So, the use of hyperbole will be implied by analyzing them concerning their meaning) literal and non-literal). Methodology of this study follows the specific model of analysis adopted from Barthes (1977) cited in Machin (2007).
{"title":"A Multimodal Analysis of Hyperbolic Devices in Advertisements of Health and Beauty Products","authors":"Hayder Sadeq Naser","doi":"10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0094","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the use of one of the most common linguistic devices which is hyperbole. It shows how hyperbolic devices are used as an aspect of exaggeration or overstatement for an extra effect in which the speaker can use hyperbole to add something extra to a situation in order to exaggerate his idea or speech. It is, like other figures of speech, used to express a negative or positive attitude of a specific unit of language. Thus, this paper is set against a background of using hyperbole concerning two main fields (advertisements and propaganda). So, the use of hyperbole will be implied by analyzing them concerning their meaning) literal and non-literal). Methodology of this study follows the specific model of analysis adopted from Barthes (1977) cited in Machin (2007).","PeriodicalId":125897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of languages","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132824902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0282
Samar Elias Almass, Samer Akram Hussain
The present paper sheds light on irony as one of the most important and most common linguistic phenomena in modern linguistics, in general ,and in discourse in particular, whether it is (political, literary, journalistic, etc.). When irony is used correctly or positively, it paves the way for the speaker to gain the approval of other parties participating in the dialogue and dissolve barriers between them. It is a simple multi-functional linguistic style and an expression of one’s meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite according to the context and the situation. Therefore, it is necessary to study its characteristics, define its functions and traces the extent of its influence on the recipient, especially in political discourse, for the important role it plays in determining the state's strategies in many issues, and the different linguistic characteristics and styles hidden goals, motives and purposes. The study provides speeches examples for some political figures that employ irony in their speeches. The conclusion sums up the findings of the study. Ирония-основной элемент нашей статье. Она является составной частью современной лингвистики в общем и в современного дискурса в частности независимо от его вида (политического, художественного, публицистического и т.д.), по этой причине изучение особенностей ее употребления в языке служит адекватному пониманию высказывания и в конечном счете, к продуктивному процессу общения. И, в частности, облегчения ее понимания в анализе политического дискурса. Структура статье включает определение иронии, ее общие классификаций, практические примеры и заключение выражающее наше видение в работе над проблемой. Это и есть часть нашей магистерской работе об анализе политического дискурса.
本文揭示了反讽作为现代语言学中最重要和最常见的语言现象之一，在一般情况下，特别是在话语中，无论是政治，文学，新闻等。当反讽被正确或积极地使用时，它为说话者获得参与对话的其他各方的认可铺平了道路，并消除了他们之间的障碍。它是一种简单的多功能语言风格，是根据上下文和情况使用通常表示相反意思的语言来表达自己的意思。因此，有必要研究其特征，界定其功能，并追溯其对接受者的影响程度，特别是在政治话语中，因为它在许多问题上对决定国家战略起着重要作用，并且不同的语言特征和风格隐藏着目标，动机和目的。本研究为一些政治人物在演讲中运用反讽手法提供了演讲实例。结论总结了这项研究的发现。Ирония-основной элемент нашей статье。Онаявляетсясоставнойчастьюсовременнойлингвистикивобщемивсовременногодискурсавчастностинезависимоотеговида(политического,художественного,публицистическогоитд)。,поэтойпричинеизучениеособенностейееупотреблениявязыкеслужитадекватномупониманиювысказыванияивконечномсчете,кпродуктивномупроцессуобщения。И,вчастности,облегченияеепониманияванализеполитическогодискурса。Структурастатьевключаетопределениеиронии,ееобщиеклассификаций,практическиепримерыизаключениевыражающеенашевидениевработенадпроблемой。Этоиестьчастьнашеймагистерскойработеобанализеполитическогодискурса。
{"title":"The mechanism of irony in political discourse (Механизм иронии в политическом дискурсе)","authors":"Samar Elias Almass, Samer Akram Hussain","doi":"10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0282","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper sheds light on irony as one of the most important and most common linguistic phenomena in modern linguistics, in general ,and in discourse in particular, whether it is (political, literary, journalistic, etc.). When irony is used correctly or positively, it paves the way for the speaker to gain the approval of other parties participating in the dialogue and dissolve barriers between them. It is a simple multi-functional linguistic style and an expression of one’s meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite according to the context and the situation. Therefore, it is necessary to study its characteristics, define its functions and traces the extent of its influence on the recipient, especially in political discourse, for the important role it plays in determining the state's strategies in many issues, and the different linguistic characteristics and styles hidden goals, motives and purposes. The study provides speeches examples for some political figures that employ irony in their speeches. The conclusion sums up the findings of the study. Ирония-основной элемент нашей статье. Она является составной частью современной лингвистики в общем и в современного дискурса в частности независимо от его вида (политического, художественного, публицистического и т.д.), по этой причине изучение особенностей ее употребления в языке служит адекватному пониманию высказывания и в конечном счете, к продуктивному процессу общения. И, в частности, облегчения ее понимания в анализе политического дискурса. Структура статье включает определение иронии, ее общие классификаций, практические примеры и заключение выражающее наше видение в работе над проблемой. Это и есть часть нашей магистерской работе об анализе политического дискурса.","PeriodicalId":125897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of languages","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117028689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0046
Rasha Abdulmunem Azeez
Reading and analyzing Paula Vogel’s plays, the readers can attest that she achieves success in drama or theater because she is passionate about theater. Vogel is a modern American playwright who won the 1998 Pulitzer Prize for drama. Her success and insight in playwriting or in adapting do not come all of a sudden; she is influenced by many writers. Vogel is influenced by many American dramatists, including Eugene O’ Neill, Arthur Miller, Tennessee Williams, and Edward Albee, and by other non-American writers, including August Strindberg, Anton Chekhove, and Bertolt Brecht. Certainly, there were female playwrights who wrote preeminent plays and they influence Vogel as well. Nevertheless, dramas by female writers, as a matter of fact, remain marginalized. This paper focuses on the influence of some female playwrights on Vogel.
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Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0317
Afrah Majeed Hadi
Verbs in German and Arabic are of two types: active and passive. Passive voice is a grammatical voice construction that is found in many languages. Out of grammatical perspective, each main verb has a form in the active and one in the passive known as a "genus verbi" (type of verb). In passive voice, both in German and in Arabic, the focus is on the action itself or on the result of the action; often the perpetrator is not mentioned. In German, to conjugate verbs in the passive voice, you must know the forms of werden (to become). German uses werden + the past participle and states it at the end of a sentence. In Arabic, the passive is formed by changing the vowels on the verb; the vowel series u-i-a occurs instead of the a-vowels. Transitive prepositional verbs originally are intransitive verb with a preposition added to the action of the sentence. In German, the prepositional group can be combined with the prepositions von or durch, while in Arabic, such a prepositional group occurs only in certain cases. In contrast to Arabic, the passive in German is impossible with reflexive verbs. In some cases, an impersonal passive in German corresponds with a personal passive in Arabic. The present paper discusses some of these verbs traced in a chart that shows the most important results when compared with their Arabic equivalents. In grammatischen Darstellung findet man für jedes Vollverb eine Form im Aktiv und eine im Passiv, es wird von „genus verbi“ (Art des Verbs) gesprochen. Im Passiv steht sowohl im Deutschen als auch im Arabischen das Geschehen selbst oder das Ergebnis der Handlung im Vordergrund; aus der Sicht der betroffenen Person oder Sache; oft wird der Täter nicht gennant. Im Deutschen wird die passivische Verbform mit dem Hilfsverb werden und dem Partizip II gebildet, während die Vokalreihe u-i-a anstelle der a- Vokale im Arabischen eintritt. Die im Aktiv mit Präpositionen verbundenen Verben bilden in beiden Sprachen ein unpersönliches Passiv. Im Deutschen kann die Präpositionalgruppe mit den Präpositionen von oder durch verbunden werden. Im Unterschied dazu tritt solche Präpositionalgruppe im Arabischen nur in bestimmten Fällen mit من قبل auf. Im Unterschied zum Arabischen ist das Passiv im Deutschen bei reflexiv Verben unmöglich. In einigen Fällen entspricht ein unpersönliches Passiv im Deutschen einem persönlichen Passiv im Arabischen.
德语和阿拉伯语中的动词分为主动和被动两种类型。被动语态是一种语法上的语态结构，存在于多种语言中。从语法的角度来看，每个主动词都有一个主动形式和一个被动形式，称为“动词属”(动词类型)。在被动语态中，无论是德语还是阿拉伯语，重点都放在动作本身或动作的结果上;通常犯罪者不会被提及。在德语中，要用被动语态改变动词的变化，你必须知道werden(变成)的形式。德语使用werden +过去分词，并将其置于句尾。在阿拉伯语中，被动语态是通过改变动词的元音来形成的;元音序列u-i-a取代了a-元音。及物介词动词最初是在句子的动作后加介词的不及物动词。在德语中，介词组可以与介词von或durch结合使用，而在阿拉伯语中，这样的介词组只在某些情况下出现。与阿拉伯语不同，德语的被动语态不可能与反身动词连用。在某些情况下，德语中的人称被动语态与阿拉伯语中的人称被动语态相对应。本文讨论了其中的一些动词，并绘制了一个图表，显示了与阿拉伯语对等词比较时最重要的结果。在gramatischen Darstellung findet man fgr jedes Vollverb eine形式为主动形式，被动形式为被动形式，动词属(艺术动词)gesprochen。in Passiv steht sowohl in Deutschen als aucch in Arabischen as Geschehen selbst der das Ergebnis der Handlung in Vordergrund;人与人之间的关系;oft wind der Täter night genant。译:在德语中，谓语动词是谓语动词，谓语动词是谓语动词，谓语动词是谓语动词，谓语动词是谓语动词。Die im Aktiv mit Präpositionen verbundenen Verben bilden in been Sprachen ein unpersönliches Passiv。我Deutschen kann die Präpositionalgruppe mit den Präpositionen von oder durch verbunden werden。我是Unterschied dazu tritt solche Präpositionalgruppe我是Arabischen nur in bestestimestimum Fällen mit من قبل auf。我是阿拉伯人，我是被动的，我是德国人，我是反身的，我是理性的unmöglich。In einigen Fällen entspricht ein unpersönliches被动的德国人的einem persönlichen被动的阿拉伯人。
{"title":"The passive of verbs constructed with prepositions (Das Passiv der mit Präpositionen konstruierten Verben )","authors":"Afrah Majeed Hadi","doi":"10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0317","url":null,"abstract":"Verbs in German and Arabic are of two types: active and passive. Passive voice is a grammatical voice construction that is found in many languages. Out of grammatical perspective, each main verb has a form in the active and one in the passive known as a \"genus verbi\" (type of verb). In passive voice, both in German and in Arabic, the focus is on the action itself or on the result of the action; often the perpetrator is not mentioned. In German, to conjugate verbs in the passive voice, you must know the forms of werden (to become). German uses werden + the past participle and states it at the end of a sentence. In Arabic, the passive is formed by changing the vowels on the verb; the vowel series u-i-a occurs instead of the a-vowels. Transitive prepositional verbs originally are intransitive verb with a preposition added to the action of the sentence. In German, the prepositional group can be combined with the prepositions von or durch, while in Arabic, such a prepositional group occurs only in certain cases. In contrast to Arabic, the passive in German is impossible with reflexive verbs. In some cases, an impersonal passive in German corresponds with a personal passive in Arabic. The present paper discusses some of these verbs traced in a chart that shows the most important results when compared with their Arabic equivalents. In grammatischen Darstellung findet man für jedes Vollverb eine Form im Aktiv und eine im Passiv, es wird von „genus verbi“ (Art des Verbs) gesprochen. Im Passiv steht sowohl im Deutschen als auch im Arabischen das Geschehen selbst oder das Ergebnis der Handlung im Vordergrund; aus der Sicht der betroffenen Person oder Sache; oft wird der Täter nicht gennant. Im Deutschen wird die passivische Verbform mit dem Hilfsverb werden und dem Partizip II gebildet, während die Vokalreihe u-i-a anstelle der a- Vokale im Arabischen eintritt. Die im Aktiv mit Präpositionen verbundenen Verben bilden in beiden Sprachen ein unpersönliches Passiv. Im Deutschen kann die Präpositionalgruppe mit den Präpositionen von oder durch verbunden werden. Im Unterschied dazu tritt solche Präpositionalgruppe im Arabischen nur in bestimmten Fällen mit من قبل auf. Im Unterschied zum Arabischen ist das Passiv im Deutschen bei reflexiv Verben unmöglich. In einigen Fällen entspricht ein unpersönliches Passiv im Deutschen einem persönlichen Passiv im Arabischen.","PeriodicalId":125897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of languages","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121164454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0224
Jasim Talib Mutashar, Talib Ibrahim Hammud
The present article studies the specific cultural features contained in phraseological units. The problem is approached through three different levels: The modern linguistic meaning. Lexical components of phraseological units. The first variables of linguistic units. The paper emphasizes the gradual process of the cultural charge in the semantic structure of phraseological units. Наша Статья посвящена вопросам анализа национ-ально - культурной специфики ФЕ . Это проблема рассмат-ривается на трех уровнях: 1) в совркупном фразеологич-еском значении, 2) в значении отдельных лексических компонентов ФЕ, 3) в значении переменного прототипа ФЕ. Мы здесь подчеркиваем , что градуальный характер проявления национально – специфичной информации, закодированной в значени Фразеологизмов.
{"title":"National – cultural specificity of phraseological units (Национально - культурная специфика фразеологизмов)","authors":"Jasim Talib Mutashar, Talib Ibrahim Hammud","doi":"10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0224","url":null,"abstract":"The present article studies the specific cultural features contained in phraseological units. The problem is approached through three different levels: The modern linguistic meaning. Lexical components of phraseological units. The first variables of linguistic units. The paper emphasizes the gradual process of the cultural charge in the semantic structure of phraseological units. Наша Статья посвящена вопросам анализа национ-ально - культурной специфики ФЕ . Это проблема рассмат-ривается на трех уровнях: 1) в совркупном фразеологич-еском значении, 2) в значении отдельных лексических компонентов ФЕ, 3) в значении переменного прототипа ФЕ. Мы здесь подчеркиваем , что градуальный характер проявления национально – специфичной информации, закодированной в значени Фразеологизмов.","PeriodicalId":125897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of languages","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128115300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0140
Mohamed Yassir Hamood
François Mauriac’s novel The Desert of Love (1949) puts the reader before an experienced sociologist who is skillfully able to analyze the most mysterious human emotions and feelings. The writer's starting point is that people are similar in feelings but different in behavior. He severely criticized the aristocratic class and uncovered its defects and faults. The novelist presents Courege's family as an example of the aristocratic class. It is a family torn by hatred, selfishness and disagreements due to absence of intimacy and love. This poisoned environment pushes the father and his son, Raymond, to search away for emotional ventures and banned relations to satiate their emotional thirst. Unfortunately, they fall in deep love with the same woman unintentionally. She does not satisfy their burning passion as she leaves them with much thirst for love. They become like getting out of frying pan into the fire. Finally, Mauriac figures out the reasons of all problems in the absence of love and passion which represent the key for welfare and happiness. The writer reveals his stylistic skill and unparalleled literary ability in describing the whole atmosphere which leaves the reader amused and captivated in passion battle , a battle with no winner. The paper is divided into two basic topics: .Dryness of family relations 1- .Emotional ventures and illegal relations 2- The research paper depends on objective analytic approach via topic unity analysis . Le Désert de L’Amour met le lecteur en face d’un sociologue chevronné du début du XX ème siècle, un sociologue apte à analyser expertement les sensations et les émotions humaines les plus subtiles et les plus fugitives . François Mauriac part d’un principe psychologique de base dans ses études, c’est que les gens convergent dans les pensées et les sentiments, mais ils divergent dans leurs manières d’agir . Son domaine favorable était la société et surtout la classe bourgeoise qu’il fouettait sans merci pour la mettre à nu avec tous ses torts et ses travers. Mauriac choisit la famille Courrèges comme échantillon de cette classe sociale. Il s’agit d’une famille déchiquetée par l’égoïsme, la haine et les malentendus permanents. Ce climat toxique et malsain pousse obligatoirement le père Courrèges et son fils Raymond à échapper à la famille pour chercher des aventures amoureuses et des relations extra conjugales afin d’assouvir leur soif d’amour. Par malheur, ils tombent amoureux de la même femme sans le savoir et sans jamais l’avouer. Malgré leur passion dévorante pour cette femme charmante, et à l’encontre de toute attente, elle n’a fait qu’élargir leur désert et augmenter son aridité; les deux amants sont restés sur leur soif pareils à celui qui , pour échapper à la chaleur, se protège par le feu. Tout compte fait, François Mauriac met le doigt sur la véritable plaie de tous ces problèmes en l’absence de l’amour. L’amour seul est la clé et le remède efficace qui peut transformer les déserts en jardins verd
弗朗索瓦·莫里亚克的小说《爱的沙漠》(1949)将读者展现在一位经验丰富的社会学家面前，他能够熟练地分析最神秘的人类情感和感受。作者的出发点是人们在感情上是相似的，但在行为上是不同的。他对贵族阶级进行了严厉的批判，揭露了贵族阶级的缺陷和缺点。这位小说家把库雷奇一家描绘成贵族阶级的一个例子。这是一个因缺乏亲密和爱而被仇恨、自私和分歧撕裂的家庭。这种有毒的环境迫使父亲和他的儿子雷蒙德寻找情感冒险和被禁止的关系来满足他们的情感渴望。不幸的是，他们在不经意间深深地爱上了同一个女人。她没有满足他们燃烧的激情，因为她离开了他们对爱的渴望。他们就像刚出煎锅又入火坑。最后，莫里亚克找出了在没有爱和激情的情况下所有问题的原因，而爱和激情是幸福和幸福的关键。作者展现了他的文笔技巧和无与伦比的文学才能，描写了整个气氛，使读者在一场没有赢家的激情战斗中被逗乐和迷住。本文分为两个基本主题:1 .家庭关系的干涸;2 .情感冒险与非法关系;2 .研究采用主题统一分析的客观分析方法。勒沙漠de L遇到勒lecteur en脸用品sociologue chevronne嘟处子秀嘟XX在世纪末的高速,联合国sociologue利润率一个分析器expertement les感觉等情绪humaines les +狡猾等les +逃亡者。弗朗索瓦·莫里亚克(francois Mauriac)的《基本心理原则》，《基本心理原则》，《基本心理原则》，《基本心理原则》，《基本心理原则》，《基本心理原则》，《基本心理原则》，《基本心理原则》，《基本心理原则》，《基本心理原则》，《基本心理原则》，《基本心理原则》。在某些领域，有利的职业生涯是社会的职业生涯，而不是资产阶级的职业生涯，是社会的职业生涯，是社会的职业生涯。莫里亚克选择了la famille courcourires comme chamantillon de cette class sociale。这是' agit d ' une famille dsamchiquetsame par l ' égoïsme, la haine et les malentendus permanents。“气候毒素和恶意行为的义务，”他说，“我们的儿子，雷蒙德·萨蒙斯·卡佩罗·卡佩罗·卡佩罗·卡佩罗·卡佩罗·卡佩罗·卡佩罗·卡佩罗·卡佩罗·卡佩罗·卡佩罗·卡佩罗·卡佩罗·卡佩罗·卡佩罗·卡佩罗·卡佩罗，卡佩罗·卡佩罗，卡佩罗·卡佩罗，卡佩罗·卡佩罗，卡佩罗·卡佩罗，卡佩罗·卡佩罗”。我的丈夫，我的丈夫，我的丈夫，我的妻子，我的丈夫，我的丈夫，我的丈夫，我的丈夫。malgrise leur passion dancientforante pour cette femme charmante, et l ' encontre de toute attente, le n ' a fait qu '宽泛的，宽泛的;两种不同的人都有不同的生活方式，他们的生活方式是不同的，他们的生活方式是不同的。在完全公平的情况下，弗朗索瓦·莫里亚克(francois Mauriac)满足了他的要求，他认为这是一个令人难以忍受的问题，因为他没有爱。我爱你，爱你，爱你，爱你，爱你，爱你，爱你。在儿子罗马,l 'auteur既证明'ingeniosite在风格,et de capacite litteraire inouie, berce le lecteur等让emporter par儿子想象在一个借amoureuse无vainqueur。在两种情况下，交换交换条件:1 .交换交换条件与家庭关系。2 .配偶之外的冒险和关系。当我们用cte - samet, nous - avons - recours - samet - samet，说明性和分析性。
{"title":"Heated and silent adoration in the novel of \" Desert of Love\" by Francois Mauriac ( Passions dévorantes et cachées dans Le Désert de lʼAmour de François Mauriac)","authors":"Mohamed Yassir Hamood","doi":"10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0140","url":null,"abstract":"François Mauriac’s novel The Desert of Love (1949) puts the reader before an experienced sociologist who is skillfully able to analyze the most mysterious human emotions and feelings. The writer's starting point is that people are similar in feelings but different in behavior. He severely criticized the aristocratic class and uncovered its defects and faults. The novelist presents Courege's family as an example of the aristocratic class. It is a family torn by hatred, selfishness and disagreements due to absence of intimacy and love. This poisoned environment pushes the father and his son, Raymond, to search away for emotional ventures and banned relations to satiate their emotional thirst. Unfortunately, they fall in deep love with the same woman unintentionally. She does not satisfy their burning passion as she leaves them with much thirst for love. They become like getting out of frying pan into the fire. Finally, Mauriac figures out the reasons of all problems in the absence of love and passion which represent the key for welfare and happiness. The writer reveals his stylistic skill and unparalleled literary ability in describing the whole atmosphere which leaves the reader amused and captivated in passion battle , a battle with no winner. The paper is divided into two basic topics: .Dryness of family relations 1- .Emotional ventures and illegal relations 2- The research paper depends on objective analytic approach via topic unity analysis . Le Désert de L’Amour met le lecteur en face d’un sociologue chevronné du début du XX ème siècle, un sociologue apte à analyser expertement les sensations et les émotions humaines les plus subtiles et les plus fugitives . François Mauriac part d’un principe psychologique de base dans ses études, c’est que les gens convergent dans les pensées et les sentiments, mais ils divergent dans leurs manières d’agir . Son domaine favorable était la société et surtout la classe bourgeoise qu’il fouettait sans merci pour la mettre à nu avec tous ses torts et ses travers. Mauriac choisit la famille Courrèges comme échantillon de cette classe sociale. Il s’agit d’une famille déchiquetée par l’égoïsme, la haine et les malentendus permanents. Ce climat toxique et malsain pousse obligatoirement le père Courrèges et son fils Raymond à échapper à la famille pour chercher des aventures amoureuses et des relations extra conjugales afin d’assouvir leur soif d’amour. Par malheur, ils tombent amoureux de la même femme sans le savoir et sans jamais l’avouer. Malgré leur passion dévorante pour cette femme charmante, et à l’encontre de toute attente, elle n’a fait qu’élargir leur désert et augmenter son aridité; les deux amants sont restés sur leur soif pareils à celui qui , pour échapper à la chaleur, se protège par le feu. Tout compte fait, François Mauriac met le doigt sur la véritable plaie de tous ces problèmes en l’absence de l’amour. L’amour seul est la clé et le remède efficace qui peut transformer les déserts en jardins verd","PeriodicalId":125897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of languages","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128218306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0170
Hadeel kadhem Fahad, E. Nasser
The present paper deals with medical terms translation and its relationship with the medical text of Arabic and Spanish. Medical translation is the process of transferring texts related to the field of health and medicine to achieve an accurate effective translation from the source language text to the equivalent target language text. The most prominent medical translations are from English to Arabic as most of the syllabuses in Arab countries are taught in English. Translation is an innovative work intended to render the original text in the source language into the target language with the highest level of linguistic and intellectual ability, through maintaining the utmost integrity of the text by using the core meaning present in the source text to create a new whole, namely, the target text. The present study object is to study and analyze medical texts of Arabic and Spanish according to medical translation. The study seeks solutions to medical term translation problems and corrects some of the translated medical terms errors. The study uses various dictionaries to analyze medical terms, including (DLE) dictionary, (AZ) medical dictionary and electronic dictionary (Reverso context). Through the analysis of the translated medical terms and its idiomatic body, the present study sheds light on the importance of the translated medical terms and the great role it plays in the development of medical science. The study’s main goal addresses the issues and the problems of the translation of medical texts into Arabic from all its related aspects. En este estudio, hemos presentado de traducir los términos médicos y su relación con el texto médico entre el árabe y el español. La traducción médica es el proceso de transferencia de textos relativos al campo de la salud y la medicina desde un idioma denominado " lenguaje de referencia " a los otros idiomas, conocido como idioma de destino, con la multiplicidad de tipos de idiomas de origen y destino, pero las traducciones médicas más destacadas son del inglés al árabe, al igual que la mayoría de los planes de estudios médicos en nuestros países árabes que se imparten en inglés. La traducción es un trabajo innovador, destinado a reformular el texto original con el alto nivel de habilidad lingüística e intelectual, manteniendo la máxima integridad para el texto, su espíritu y su contenido. Su objetivo es estudiar los textos médicos y analizarlos entre el árabe y el español sobre las bases en la traducción de textos, términos médicos y otros. Además, buscar soluciones a este problema del término médico. Mientras tanto, utilizaremos varios diccionarios para analizar términos, incluido el diccionario (DLE), el diccionario médico (AZ) y el diccionario electrónico (Reverso context), haremos un estudio analítico de estos términos médicos. También se corrigió lo incorrecto, revelando así la estructura del término extranjero y árabe y la idea de su nombre, la traducción fue la causa del desarrollo de la ciencia médi
本文讨论了医学术语的翻译及其与阿拉伯语和西班牙语医学文本的关系。医学翻译是将与卫生和医学领域有关的文本从源语言文本转换到等效的目的语言文本，以实现准确有效的翻译的过程。最突出的医学翻译是从英语到阿拉伯语，因为阿拉伯国家的大多数教学大纲都是用英语教授的。翻译是一种创新的工作，目的是用最高水平的语言和智力能力将原语原文翻译成目的语，利用原语中存在的核心意义，创造出一个新的整体，即译文，从而保持文本的最大完整性。本文的研究对象是根据医学翻译对阿拉伯语和西班牙语医学文本进行研究和分析。本研究旨在解决医学术语翻译中存在的问题，并纠正一些翻译错误。本研究使用了各种词典来分析医学术语，包括(DLE)词典、(AZ)医学词典和电子词典(Reverso context)。本文通过对医学术语翻译及其习惯体的分析，揭示了医学术语翻译的重要性及其在医学科学发展中的巨大作用。该研究的主要目标是从所有相关方面解决医学文本翻译成阿拉伯语的问题和问题。在este estesto工作室，他提出了一种方法，将所有的薪金薪金与其他的薪金薪金进行比较，例如，将所有的薪金薪金与其他薪金薪金进行比较，例如，将所有的薪金薪金与其他薪金进行比较。1 . 海地遗传变异(海地遗传变异):相对于其他遗传变异而言，海地遗传变异(海地遗传变异(海地遗传变异))、海地遗传变异(海地遗传变异)、海地遗传变异(海地遗传变异)、海地遗传变异(海地遗传变异)、海地遗传变异(海地遗传变异)、海地遗传变异(海地遗传变异)、海地遗传变异(海地遗传变异)、海地遗传变异(海地遗传变异)、海地遗传变异(海地遗传变异)、海地遗传变异(海地遗传变异)、海地遗传变异(海地遗传变异)。La traducción es un trabajo innovador, destination a reformular el texto original con to nivel de habilidad lingüística e intellectual, tentenendo La máxima integrgridad para el texto, su espíritu y su contenido。目的:将研究对象从文本中分离出来，将其与分析对象分离出来，将其与研究对象分离，将其与研究对象分离，将其与研究对象分离，将其与研究对象分离。Además，公共解决方案是一个简单的问题，它可以解决所有的问题。在本文档中，我们使用了许多不同的词典来类比 (DLE)、 (AZ)和 (Reverso))、 (analítico)和 (verso)。tamamicans se corrigió不正确，请参阅así . tamamicans的结构和外部的结构，请参阅árabe . tamamicans的概念，请参阅traducción . tamamicans的结构和外部的结构和外部的结构。3 .在墨西哥建立一个与和和/或 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -都能利益en esta investigacion ha sido abordar厄尔特马de la traduccion de textos将作为这些活动的大学生认为y lenguaje半岛问题de la transferencia del termino医生,y麻intentado contener埃斯特工厂化en todos洛杉矶aspectos relacionados。
{"title":"The methods used to translate medical terms between Arabic and Spanish (Los métodos utilizados para traducir términos médicos entre árabe y español)","authors":"Hadeel kadhem Fahad, E. Nasser","doi":"10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36586/jcl.2.2021.0.44.0170","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper deals with medical terms translation and its relationship with the medical text of Arabic and Spanish. Medical translation is the process of transferring texts related to the field of health and medicine to achieve an accurate effective translation from the source language text to the equivalent target language text. The most prominent medical translations are from English to Arabic as most of the syllabuses in Arab countries are taught in English. Translation is an innovative work intended to render the original text in the source language into the target language with the highest level of linguistic and intellectual ability, through maintaining the utmost integrity of the text by using the core meaning present in the source text to create a new whole, namely, the target text. The present study object is to study and analyze medical texts of Arabic and Spanish according to medical translation. The study seeks solutions to medical term translation problems and corrects some of the translated medical terms errors. The study uses various dictionaries to analyze medical terms, including (DLE) dictionary, (AZ) medical dictionary and electronic dictionary (Reverso context). Through the analysis of the translated medical terms and its idiomatic body, the present study sheds light on the importance of the translated medical terms and the great role it plays in the development of medical science. The study’s main goal addresses the issues and the problems of the translation of medical texts into Arabic from all its related aspects. En este estudio, hemos presentado de traducir los términos médicos y su relación con el texto médico entre el árabe y el español. La traducción médica es el proceso de transferencia de textos relativos al campo de la salud y la medicina desde un idioma denominado \" lenguaje de referencia \" a los otros idiomas, conocido como idioma de destino, con la multiplicidad de tipos de idiomas de origen y destino, pero las traducciones médicas más destacadas son del inglés al árabe, al igual que la mayoría de los planes de estudios médicos en nuestros países árabes que se imparten en inglés. La traducción es un trabajo innovador, destinado a reformular el texto original con el alto nivel de habilidad lingüística e intelectual, manteniendo la máxima integridad para el texto, su espíritu y su contenido. Su objetivo es estudiar los textos médicos y analizarlos entre el árabe y el español sobre las bases en la traducción de textos, términos médicos y otros. Además, buscar soluciones a este problema del término médico. Mientras tanto, utilizaremos varios diccionarios para analizar términos, incluido el diccionario (DLE), el diccionario médico (AZ) y el diccionario electrónico (Reverso context), haremos un estudio analítico de estos términos médicos. También se corrigió lo incorrecto, revelando así la estructura del término extranjero y árabe y la idea de su nombre, la traducción fue la causa del desarrollo de la ciencia médi","PeriodicalId":125897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of languages","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128382669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.36586/JCL.2.2021.0.43.0001
Iman Khalaf Jasim, Sabah S. Mustafa
With the advancement of technology ,the study of cross-cultural communication via on line has become an important and researchable topic in linguistic theory and its applications.The aims of this study are two- fold (a) exploring the influence of cultural diversity on on-line interaction between American native speakers (NSs) and Iraqi non-native speakers (NNSs) of English which, together with other factors might potentially lead to what Thomas(1983) calls "pragmatic failure" (PF), a main cause of communication breakdowns and (b) specifying which type of PF occurs more frequently between the two groups along with the reasons behind such failures. To achieve these objectives , a number of online chats conducted between (10) American speakers of English and (8) Iraqi graduate students of English were collected and analyzed on the basis of Thomas' (1983) division of PF in an attempt to verify the assumption that pragmatic failure is a result of cultural diversity between the two groups of participants.Results revealed that the cultural differences between the two groups could be a major cause of misunderstanding ie. PF., a finding which can be of value to textbook designers and teachers of English as a foreign language (FL)who are required to improve students' pragmatic ability in classroom by focusing not only on their grammatical competence but also on their pragmatic competence.
{"title":"Cultural Diversity in Native and Non-Native Speakers of English Communication","authors":"Iman Khalaf Jasim, Sabah S. Mustafa","doi":"10.36586/JCL.2.2021.0.43.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36586/JCL.2.2021.0.43.0001","url":null,"abstract":"With the advancement of technology ,the study of cross-cultural communication via on line has become an important and researchable topic in linguistic theory and its applications.The aims of this study are two- fold (a) exploring the influence of cultural diversity on on-line interaction between American native speakers (NSs) and Iraqi non-native speakers (NNSs) of English which, together with other factors might potentially lead to what Thomas(1983) calls \"pragmatic failure\" (PF), a main cause of communication breakdowns and (b) specifying which type of PF occurs more frequently between the two groups along with the reasons behind such failures. To achieve these objectives , a number of online chats conducted between (10) American speakers of English and (8) Iraqi graduate students of English were collected and analyzed on the basis of Thomas' (1983) division of PF in an attempt to verify the assumption that pragmatic failure is a result of cultural diversity between the two groups of participants.Results revealed that the cultural differences between the two groups could be a major cause of misunderstanding ie. PF., a finding which can be of value to textbook designers and teachers of English as a foreign language (FL)who are required to improve students' pragmatic ability in classroom by focusing not only on their grammatical competence but also on their pragmatic competence.","PeriodicalId":125897,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of languages","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121235851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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