Pub Date : 2023-11-25DOI: 10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i221495
Du Ning, Liu Jing, Furong Zheng, Fuyong Jiao, Shixia Liang
Objective: To explore the role of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of COVID-19. Methods: By consulting the relevant literature, to find out the relevant studies of TCM treatment of COVID-19. We refer to the existing domestic articles for analysis and find that TCM plays a crucial role in the treatment of COVID-19. It has been recognized in the world. Many countries took the lead in treating COVID-19, and their novel coronavirus control is more effective than other way-s. Results: Clinical practice has shown that TCM is an important means of treatment for COVID-19. Chinese acupuncture, cupping, massage, and Chinese medicine are all crucial to the treatment of COVID-19, achieving accurate identification, timely diagnosis, symptomatic treatment, and reduction of complications. Conclusion: TCM has better-effects in the from COVID-19 because of its arrangement and regulation effect.
{"title":"Update Research of TCM -for – COVID-19","authors":"Du Ning, Liu Jing, Furong Zheng, Fuyong Jiao, Shixia Liang","doi":"10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i221495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i221495","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To explore the role of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of COVID-19. Methods: By consulting the relevant literature, to find out the relevant studies of TCM treatment of COVID-19. We refer to the existing domestic articles for analysis and find that TCM plays a crucial role in the treatment of COVID-19. It has been recognized in the world. Many countries took the lead in treating COVID-19, and their novel coronavirus control is more effective than other way-s. Results: Clinical practice has shown that TCM is an important means of treatment for COVID-19. Chinese acupuncture, cupping, massage, and Chinese medicine are all crucial to the treatment of COVID-19, achieving accurate identification, timely diagnosis, symptomatic treatment, and reduction of complications. Conclusion: TCM has better-effects in the from COVID-19 because of its arrangement and regulation effect.","PeriodicalId":126794,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health","volume":"66 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139238084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-23DOI: 10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i221494
H. B. L. Feudjio, M. Goka, J. Djenguemtar, G. T. Kamsu, J. B. Sokoudjou, L. N. Famen, N. Kodjio, D. Gatsing
Salmonellosis is a major public health problem in developing countries where it is endemic. The genus Salmonella express the oxyR gene that codes for several proteins that allow them to resist free radicals. To investigate the antioxidant activity in vitro (aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts in vivo (of the 55% hydroethanolic extract)) of Dracaena deisteliana leaves in albino’s rats of Wistar strain previously infected with the Salmonella Typhi ATCC 6539 strain. The in vitro antioxidant activity of these extracts was determined by studying their anti-radical power with DPPH●, then their iron-reducing power and determining their flavonoids and total phenols content. The in vivo antioxidant activity was determined in plasma and tissues of albino’s rats of wistar strain aged between 8 and 10 weeks previously infected with Salmonella typhi ATCC 6539. These infected rats concurrently received daily doses of Dracaena deisteliana extract (10, 20 and 51.84 mg/kg) and ciprofloxacin (14 mg/kg) as positive control, for 15 days. At the end of the treatment period, the animals were sacrificed and blood, liver, kidney, heart, lung, spleen testis and ovaris were collected for evaluation of antioxidants parameters, which included malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, catalase and peroxidase, as well as biological responses. Regarding the in vitro antioxidant tests, the 55% hydroethanolic extract had the best IC50 (11.99 μg/ml). The iron reducing power of this extract was higher than the other extracts at 200 μg/ml. The highest levels of flavonoids and total phenols were obtained respectively with this extract. This extract (10, 20 and 51.84 mg/kg) cured the infected rats between the 8th and 12th day of treatment. The extract also significantly reduced blood malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels, and significantly increased the activity of catalase and peroxidase in the infected rats. The results suggest that leaves extract of Dracaena deisteliana contains antisalmonella and antioxidant substances, which could be used for the treatment of typhoid fever and reduces the state of oxidative stress caused by Salmonella. Typhi during rat’s infection.
{"title":"Antityphoid and Antioxidant Activities of Leaf Extracts of Dracaena deisteliana Eng. (Dracaenaceae)","authors":"H. B. L. Feudjio, M. Goka, J. Djenguemtar, G. T. Kamsu, J. B. Sokoudjou, L. N. Famen, N. Kodjio, D. Gatsing","doi":"10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i221494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i221494","url":null,"abstract":"Salmonellosis is a major public health problem in developing countries where it is endemic. The genus Salmonella express the oxyR gene that codes for several proteins that allow them to resist free radicals. To investigate the antioxidant activity in vitro (aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts in vivo (of the 55% hydroethanolic extract)) of Dracaena deisteliana leaves in albino’s rats of Wistar strain previously infected with the Salmonella Typhi ATCC 6539 strain. The in vitro antioxidant activity of these extracts was determined by studying their anti-radical power with DPPH●, then their iron-reducing power and determining their flavonoids and total phenols content. The in vivo antioxidant activity was determined in plasma and tissues of albino’s rats of wistar strain aged between 8 and 10 weeks previously infected with Salmonella typhi ATCC 6539. These infected rats concurrently received daily doses of Dracaena deisteliana extract (10, 20 and 51.84 mg/kg) and ciprofloxacin (14 mg/kg) as positive control, for 15 days. At the end of the treatment period, the animals were sacrificed and blood, liver, kidney, heart, lung, spleen testis and ovaris were collected for evaluation of antioxidants parameters, which included malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, catalase and peroxidase, as well as biological responses. Regarding the in vitro antioxidant tests, the 55% hydroethanolic extract had the best IC50 (11.99 μg/ml). The iron reducing power of this extract was higher than the other extracts at 200 μg/ml. The highest levels of flavonoids and total phenols were obtained respectively with this extract. This extract (10, 20 and 51.84 mg/kg) cured the infected rats between the 8th and 12th day of treatment. The extract also significantly reduced blood malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels, and significantly increased the activity of catalase and peroxidase in the infected rats. The results suggest that leaves extract of Dracaena deisteliana contains antisalmonella and antioxidant substances, which could be used for the treatment of typhoid fever and reduces the state of oxidative stress caused by Salmonella. Typhi during rat’s infection.","PeriodicalId":126794,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health","volume":"49 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139246149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-22DOI: 10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i211493
Yimelong Tsayem Sibylle, Kouam Kouam Charles, Samuel Kingue, Nguemaim Flore Ngoufo, Mohamed Isah, Egbe Sangasu Eni, Misonge Kapnang Ivan, Sintieh N. N. Ekongefeyin
Background: Cardiovascular diseases have emerged as a growing public health problem worldwide, with heart failure being the end point of a greater majority of poorly diagnosed and managed heart diseases. In Sub-Saharan Africa, traditional medicine still has a remarkable influence on health care systems, and in Cameroon, the referral/counter-referral system thought to be implemented is not efficiently applied. Heart failure patients fall amongst the group of victims affected by this problem. Many studies have been carried on heart failure in Cameroon, but data on this subject remains sparse. Objective: To identify the therapeutic itinerary adopted by symptomatic patients with chronic heart failure seen at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital (BRH) and determine the outcome following management by cardiologists, so as to provide results-driven interventions to increase the rate of early management of heart failure by appropriate health services and limit complications due to wrong therapeutic orientations. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional descriptive study was carried, from February 2019 to May 2019 at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital. A consecutive sampling technique using objective-related structured questionnaire was used to select patients aged above 18 years seen at the study site. Data was analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 23. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The BRH Cardiologist consultation was the 1st station sought by 32 (23.7%) of patients. We found 14.8% of cases and 8.9% who had as first therapeutic stations home management and traditional healers respectively. Majority of participants went through a total of 2 stations, 60 (44.4%), and only 5 (3.7%) went through 5 therapeutic stations. Most participants (36.3%), delayed for 1-3 weeks after onset of symptoms before seeking a means of intervention. NYHA (New York Heart Association) stages were generally improved after cardiologists’ follow up (54.1% and 26.7% for stages I and II respectively), compared to that before entry (0.7% stage I, 41.5% stage II, 38.5% stage 3, and 19.3% stage IV), which was statistically significant with P < 0.0005. Conclusion: There is a high proportion of HF patients who do no adopt an ideal therapeutic itinerary following the health pyramid from the onset of symptoms, hence the need to educate the population on cardinal signs of heart failure, especially patients with known risk factors, and to encourage the referral of patients in order to limit complications between the onset of symptoms till cardiologist consultation.
{"title":"Therapeutic Itinerary of Patients with Chronic Heart Failure at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital, West Region, Cameroon","authors":"Yimelong Tsayem Sibylle, Kouam Kouam Charles, Samuel Kingue, Nguemaim Flore Ngoufo, Mohamed Isah, Egbe Sangasu Eni, Misonge Kapnang Ivan, Sintieh N. N. Ekongefeyin","doi":"10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i211493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i211493","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cardiovascular diseases have emerged as a growing public health problem worldwide, with heart failure being the end point of a greater majority of poorly diagnosed and managed heart diseases. In Sub-Saharan Africa, traditional medicine still has a remarkable influence on health care systems, and in Cameroon, the referral/counter-referral system thought to be implemented is not efficiently applied. Heart failure patients fall amongst the group of victims affected by this problem. Many studies have been carried on heart failure in Cameroon, but data on this subject remains sparse. Objective: To identify the therapeutic itinerary adopted by symptomatic patients with chronic heart failure seen at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital (BRH) and determine the outcome following management by cardiologists, so as to provide results-driven interventions to increase the rate of early management of heart failure by appropriate health services and limit complications due to wrong therapeutic orientations. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional descriptive study was carried, from February 2019 to May 2019 at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital. A consecutive sampling technique using objective-related structured questionnaire was used to select patients aged above 18 years seen at the study site. Data was analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 23. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The BRH Cardiologist consultation was the 1st station sought by 32 (23.7%) of patients. We found 14.8% of cases and 8.9% who had as first therapeutic stations home management and traditional healers respectively. Majority of participants went through a total of 2 stations, 60 (44.4%), and only 5 (3.7%) went through 5 therapeutic stations. Most participants (36.3%), delayed for 1-3 weeks after onset of symptoms before seeking a means of intervention. NYHA (New York Heart Association) stages were generally improved after cardiologists’ follow up (54.1% and 26.7% for stages I and II respectively), compared to that before entry (0.7% stage I, 41.5% stage II, 38.5% stage 3, and 19.3% stage IV), which was statistically significant with P < 0.0005. Conclusion: There is a high proportion of HF patients who do no adopt an ideal therapeutic itinerary following the health pyramid from the onset of symptoms, hence the need to educate the population on cardinal signs of heart failure, especially patients with known risk factors, and to encourage the referral of patients in order to limit complications between the onset of symptoms till cardiologist consultation.","PeriodicalId":126794,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health","volume":"41 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139250579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-20DOI: 10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i211491
H. J. Hassoon, M. Radhi, Asmaa Abdulsattar Obaid
All people in the world were used perfume in different manufactures and marker, in this study, we wanted to be found the effect of continues using of perfume and still inhaling these compound on the human healthy by electrochemical analysis using cyclic voltammetry. In the scientific knowledge, the inhaling of perfume by breathed and then reach to the blood stream through lungs and pulmonary alveoli passing to the blood vessels. The study focused on the oxidation – reduction peaks current of the cyclic voltammogram which can be found from the perfume in healthy blood of male samples. It was found from the results that many oxidation peaks current appeared in the cyclic voltammogram in the blood medium with presence of the perfume, also, in different concentration, and different temperatures were studied, so all perfume compound were effected on the blood components of the male. The oxidative effect of the perfume on blood medium which may be caused the damage of blood components through the continuance of using it and appeared a risk cases of different diseases. the advices for correct using of the perfume in a little amount and in limited using every day, also avoid using the perfume to the patients with high fever.
{"title":"Effect of Inhaling of Perfume on the Blood of Human Healthy Male Using Electrochemical Method by Cyclic Voltammetry","authors":"H. J. Hassoon, M. Radhi, Asmaa Abdulsattar Obaid","doi":"10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i211491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i211491","url":null,"abstract":"All people in the world were used perfume in different manufactures and marker, in this study, we wanted to be found the effect of continues using of perfume and still inhaling these compound on the human healthy by electrochemical analysis using cyclic voltammetry. In the scientific knowledge, the inhaling of perfume by breathed and then reach to the blood stream through lungs and pulmonary alveoli passing to the blood vessels. The study focused on the oxidation – reduction peaks current of the cyclic voltammogram which can be found from the perfume in healthy blood of male samples. It was found from the results that many oxidation peaks current appeared in the cyclic voltammogram in the blood medium with presence of the perfume, also, in different concentration, and different temperatures were studied, so all perfume compound were effected on the blood components of the male. The oxidative effect of the perfume on blood medium which may be caused the damage of blood components through the continuance of using it and appeared a risk cases of different diseases. the advices for correct using of the perfume in a little amount and in limited using every day, also avoid using the perfume to the patients with high fever.","PeriodicalId":126794,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health","volume":"7 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139258869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-20DOI: 10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i211492
E. Nwolisa, Udochukwuka Ikejiaku, J. Ezeogu, Kingsley Asinobi, K. Odinaka, Ezinne Nwankwo
Background: Antibiotics are amongst the most frequently prescribed drugs for children in outpatient clinics but irrational prescribing can cause medication errors, antibiotic resistance and treatment failure. Examples of irrational prescribing includes poly-pharmacy, over use of injections, inappropriate use of antimicrobials and failure to prescribe in accordance with treatment guidelines. This study sought to assess antibiotic prescribing practice in the children’s outpatient clinic of the Federal university teaching hospital Owerri, Imo state. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive prospective study carried out in the Children’s Outpatient Clinic (CHOP) of the Federal university teaching hospital Owerri, Imo state Nigeria between April and June 2021. During the study period, medical record of patients who attended the CHOP and who had antibiotic(s) prescribed were collated. Prescribing practice was assessed using the World Health Organization prescribing indicators. Results: A total of 495 antibiotic prescriptions were made for 478 patients. This gave 1.04 as the average number of medicines prescribed per patient encounter. 1.6% of the antibiotics were prescribed as injections and 79.2% of the prescriptions were in generic names. While only 96.8% of the prescriptions were from the Nigerian essential drug list, the three most prescribed antibiotics Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid, Cefuroxime and Amoxicillin are all listed in it. Conclusion: The antibiotic prescribing practice in the children’s outpatient clinic was rational with regards to average number of medications per patient encounter and percentage of encounters with injection prescribed. It was irrational in terms of percentage of antibiotics prescribed in generic names and percentage of antibiotics prescribed from the Nigerian essential drug list.
{"title":"Antibiotic Prescribing Practice in a Paediatric Outpatient Clinic in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria","authors":"E. Nwolisa, Udochukwuka Ikejiaku, J. Ezeogu, Kingsley Asinobi, K. Odinaka, Ezinne Nwankwo","doi":"10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i211492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i211492","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Antibiotics are amongst the most frequently prescribed drugs for children in outpatient clinics but irrational prescribing can cause medication errors, antibiotic resistance and treatment failure. Examples of irrational prescribing includes poly-pharmacy, over use of injections, inappropriate use of antimicrobials and failure to prescribe in accordance with treatment guidelines. This study sought to assess antibiotic prescribing practice in the children’s outpatient clinic of the Federal university teaching hospital Owerri, Imo state. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive prospective study carried out in the Children’s Outpatient Clinic (CHOP) of the Federal university teaching hospital Owerri, Imo state Nigeria between April and June 2021. During the study period, medical record of patients who attended the CHOP and who had antibiotic(s) prescribed were collated. Prescribing practice was assessed using the World Health Organization prescribing indicators. Results: A total of 495 antibiotic prescriptions were made for 478 patients. This gave 1.04 as the average number of medicines prescribed per patient encounter. 1.6% of the antibiotics were prescribed as injections and 79.2% of the prescriptions were in generic names. While only 96.8% of the prescriptions were from the Nigerian essential drug list, the three most prescribed antibiotics Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid, Cefuroxime and Amoxicillin are all listed in it. Conclusion: The antibiotic prescribing practice in the children’s outpatient clinic was rational with regards to average number of medications per patient encounter and percentage of encounters with injection prescribed. It was irrational in terms of percentage of antibiotics prescribed in generic names and percentage of antibiotics prescribed from the Nigerian essential drug list.","PeriodicalId":126794,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139258355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i161465
Galadima, A. U.
Introduction: Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is the foundation of the neurological appraisal of patients utilized by both nursing and clinical staff. The study was conducted to ascertain the level of knowledge, utilization and variables that prevent nurses using the GCS to evaluate unconscious patients at the teaching hospital of Modibbo Adama University in Yola, Adamawa state, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The study utilized descriptive research cross-sectional design. the sample size for the study was calculated using Taro Yamane’s method, a structured questionnaire was administered to 131 respondents to collect data for the study out of which 117 were successfully filled and retrieved. Data collected was analysed and presented on tables. Finding: The findings revealed that more than half of the respondents (60%) were female with post basic nursing qualification, majority (61%) of the nurses surveyed were knowledgeable of GCS, 88% & 84% of respondents respectively reported that lack of knowledge regarding the GCS’s use and not having self-confidence regarding the application of GCS were the main factors that hindered them to their capacity to apply the GCS in their routine practice. Conclusion: It was concluded that the study subjects had good knowledge of GCS, so also utilization status of the GCS was very good. Recommendation: Based on the findings, it was recommended that Nurses must work harder to stay current with their knowledge and practice doing the GCS examination, and management should create an educational team to evaluate, instruct and make sure that nurses adhere to utilizing the GCS appropriately.
{"title":"Knowledge and Utilization of the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) in Evaluating Unconscious Patients among Clinical Nurses in a Nigerian Referral Health Centre","authors":"Galadima, A. U.","doi":"10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i161465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i161465","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is the foundation of the neurological appraisal of patients utilized by both nursing and clinical staff. The study was conducted to ascertain the level of knowledge, utilization and variables that prevent nurses using the GCS to evaluate unconscious patients at the teaching hospital of Modibbo Adama University in Yola, Adamawa state, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The study utilized descriptive research cross-sectional design. the sample size for the study was calculated using Taro Yamane’s method, a structured questionnaire was administered to 131 respondents to collect data for the study out of which 117 were successfully filled and retrieved. Data collected was analysed and presented on tables. \u0000Finding: The findings revealed that more than half of the respondents (60%) were female with post basic nursing qualification, majority (61%) of the nurses surveyed were knowledgeable of GCS, 88% & 84% of respondents respectively reported that lack of knowledge regarding the GCS’s use and not having self-confidence regarding the application of GCS were the main factors that hindered them to their capacity to apply the GCS in their routine practice. \u0000Conclusion: It was concluded that the study subjects had good knowledge of GCS, so also utilization status of the GCS was very good. \u0000Recommendation: Based on the findings, it was recommended that Nurses must work harder to stay current with their knowledge and practice doing the GCS examination, and management should create an educational team to evaluate, instruct and make sure that nurses adhere to utilizing the GCS appropriately.","PeriodicalId":126794,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128458286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: One of the major factors contributing towards high maternal morbidity and mortality in many developing countries is the lack of access to skilled maternal healthcare services, as traditional birth attendants (TBAs) continue to serve as predominant providers of maternal healthcare in many rural communities. Aim: This study explores the knowledge and utilization of TBAs by women in a rural community, in order to identify healthcare gaps towards the provision of needed intervention. Study Design: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study which was conducted in Alanamu community of Ilorin, northern Nigeria, in the year 2019. Methodology: A well-structured interviewer based questionnaire was administered to 212 women of reproductive age-group to collect data on their knowledge and utilization of the services of TBAs. Analysis was done using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) software version 20. Results: One hundred and fifty three respondents (72.2%) had background knowledge of TBAs, 91 (40.8%) had visited a TBA at least once to carry out their deliveries, of which 73 (80.2%) of them had successful deliveries, 18 (19.8%) had complications during their deliveries, of which 7 (7.7%) were referred to health care facilities for expect management. The study showed statistical significance between the level of education of respondents and their patronage of TBAs with a P-value of .04. Conclusion: Our study showed adequate knowledge and utilization of the services of TBAs by members of the community. The use of TBAs has continued to thrive in this rural community especially among the uneducated population and has been associated with maternal complications. The integration of TBAs with standard healthcare system as well as continuous sensitization of the public on their roles and limitations would go a long way in reducing maternal morbidity and mortality associated with the use of untrained TBAs.
背景:在许多发展中国家，造成产妇发病率和死亡率高的主要因素之一是缺乏获得熟练产妇保健服务的机会，因为在许多农村社区，传统助产士仍然是主要的产妇保健提供者。目的:本研究探讨农村社区妇女对TBAs的知识和利用情况，以确定在提供所需干预措施方面的卫生保健差距。研究设计:本研究是一项描述性横断面研究，于2019年在尼日利亚北部伊洛林的Alanamu社区进行。方法:对212名育龄妇女进行问卷调查，了解她们对传统助产士服务的了解和利用情况。采用SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solutions)软件进行分析。结果:153名受访妇女(72.2%)具有TBA背景知识，91名(40.8%)至少去过TBA一次分娩，其中73名(80.2%)分娩成功，18名(19.8%)分娩过程中出现并发症，其中7名(7.7%)转诊到卫生保健机构进行预期管理。研究显示，被调查者的受教育程度与他们对TBAs的赞助之间存在统计学意义，p值为0.04。结论:我们的研究表明社区成员对TBAs的服务有充分的了解和利用。在这个农村社区，特别是在未受教育的人口中，使用tba继续蓬勃发展，并与产妇并发症有关。将传统助产士与标准保健系统结合起来，并不断提高公众对其作用和局限性的认识，将大大有助于减少与使用未经训练的传统助产士有关的产妇发病率和死亡率。
{"title":"The Knowledge and Utilization of Traditional Birth Attendants by Women in a Rural Community of Ilorin, Northern Nigeria","authors":"Lawal Abdulwahab, Salawu Wuraola, Makanjuola Oluwanifemi, Ambali Ambali, Alabi Oreoluwa, Kareem Ahmed, Chijindu Nwakama, Akande Maryam, Akande Tanimola, Al-Mansur Sumayya, Tijani Yusuf, Ahmed Mahmud, Aleem-Ghandi Taofeek, Adeyeye John, Nwafor Oni, Obateru Peace, Lawal Lukman","doi":"10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i161463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i161463","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One of the major factors contributing towards high maternal morbidity and mortality in many developing countries is the lack of access to skilled maternal healthcare services, as traditional birth attendants (TBAs) continue to serve as predominant providers of maternal healthcare in many rural communities. \u0000Aim: This study explores the knowledge and utilization of TBAs by women in a rural community, in order to identify healthcare gaps towards the provision of needed intervention. \u0000Study Design: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study which was conducted in Alanamu community of Ilorin, northern Nigeria, in the year 2019. \u0000Methodology: A well-structured interviewer based questionnaire was administered to 212 women of reproductive age-group to collect data on their knowledge and utilization of the services of TBAs. Analysis was done using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) software version 20. \u0000Results: One hundred and fifty three respondents (72.2%) had background knowledge of TBAs, 91 (40.8%) had visited a TBA at least once to carry out their deliveries, of which 73 (80.2%) of them had successful deliveries, 18 (19.8%) had complications during their deliveries, of which 7 (7.7%) were referred to health care facilities for expect management. \u0000The study showed statistical significance between the level of education of respondents and their patronage of TBAs with a P-value of .04. \u0000Conclusion: Our study showed adequate knowledge and utilization of the services of TBAs by members of the community. The use of TBAs has continued to thrive in this rural community especially among the uneducated population and has been associated with maternal complications. The integration of TBAs with standard healthcare system as well as continuous sensitization of the public on their roles and limitations would go a long way in reducing maternal morbidity and mortality associated with the use of untrained TBAs.","PeriodicalId":126794,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122330438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-05DOI: 10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i161464
F. Tokponnon, R. Ossè, Jean Gille Egui, Gylchrist Houndjo, Zoulkifilou Sare Dabou, Festus Houessinon, Idayath Joachelle Gounou Yerima, Brice Fanou, M. Akogbéto
Aims: Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by parasites transmitted by bites from infected female anopheles. It is a preventable and treatable illness. It remains a recurring disease among public health diseases that exposes many people to a risk of infection, including children under the age of 05 in Benin. Methods: To determine the prevalence of malaria and different plasmodial species at the Dr Pierre BONI Clinic, we performed venous and capillary samples on 731 patients for the realization of thick drops and blood smears between June and July 2022. Results: Three plasmodial species were identified in 228 patients (31%) as malaria of the 731 patients included in the study with 3 species of plasmodium found: Plasmodium falciparum (95.5%), Plasmodium malariae (2.85%), Plasmodium ovale (1.65%). Mixed or double species was also recorded in some patients: Plasmodium falciparum+ Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium falciparum+ Plasmodium ovale. The majority of patients have the presence of trophozoites at Plasmodium falciparum, 95.5%. The parasitic density of P. falciparum is higher than that of P. malariae and that of P. ovale. Conclusion: Although evaluated during a period of low transmission, malaria remains a real public health problem. The distribution of the disease is closely related to the presence in the blood of plasmodial species.
{"title":"Determination of Plasmodial Species Prevalence among Patients Received at Cotonou Boni Clinic during Rainy Season in the Year 2022","authors":"F. Tokponnon, R. Ossè, Jean Gille Egui, Gylchrist Houndjo, Zoulkifilou Sare Dabou, Festus Houessinon, Idayath Joachelle Gounou Yerima, Brice Fanou, M. Akogbéto","doi":"10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i161464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i161464","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by parasites transmitted by bites from infected female anopheles. It is a preventable and treatable illness. It remains a recurring disease among public health diseases that exposes many people to a risk of infection, including children under the age of 05 in Benin. \u0000Methods: To determine the prevalence of malaria and different plasmodial species at the Dr Pierre BONI Clinic, we performed venous and capillary samples on 731 patients for the realization of thick drops and blood smears between June and July 2022. \u0000Results: Three plasmodial species were identified in 228 patients (31%) as malaria of the 731 patients included in the study with 3 species of plasmodium found: Plasmodium falciparum (95.5%), Plasmodium malariae (2.85%), Plasmodium ovale (1.65%). Mixed or double species was also recorded in some patients: Plasmodium falciparum+ Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium falciparum+ Plasmodium ovale. The majority of patients have the presence of trophozoites at Plasmodium falciparum, 95.5%. The parasitic density of P. falciparum is higher than that of P. malariae and that of P. ovale. \u0000Conclusion: Although evaluated during a period of low transmission, malaria remains a real public health problem. The distribution of the disease is closely related to the presence in the blood of plasmodial species.","PeriodicalId":126794,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127749480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-05DOI: 10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i151462
N. C. Ekeleme, C. E. Ijioma, N. A. Unachukwu, P. I. Ejikem, J. E. Areh, C. I. Ogwu, E. O. Jeffery, I. J. Esangbedo, A. C. Amuta, P. C. Ojiri, N. O. Amoji, O. E. Aminu-Ayinde, E. S. Amadi, N. Onyeukwu, I. Abali, A. I. Airaodion
Aim: Malaria, a life-threatening disease transmitted to humans by the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes, continues to be a significant public health issue, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. This study was aimed at understanding the attitudes and practices regarding the use of insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) among rural dwellers in Oyo state, Nigeria. Methodology: The study adopted a cross-sectional design. The questionnaire was developed based on the objectives of the study. Sample size was calculated using the Fisher’s formula. The minimum sample size was 278 and was adjusted to 306 to account for non-response rate of 10%. A multi-stage cluster sampling technique was employed to select the participants. Results: The primary understanding of the purpose of ITNs was prevention of mosquito bites (59.67%), and prevention of malaria (40.33%). However, only 74% believed that ITNs could effectively prevent malaria and just 66% considered ITNs safe for use. The practice of ITN usage was quite high, with 93% of respondents possessing ITNs in their households. ITNs were obtained predominantly through free distribution (49%) or purchase (29.67%). Use of ITNs varied among participants, with 28.67% always using it, 41% often using it, and 7% never using it. The reasons for not always using ITNs included discomfort sleeping under it (49%) and perceptions of heat (30%). An analysis of the factors affecting the usage of ITNs indicated a significant association with the age, marital status, level of education, knowledge of ITNs, and beliefs about ITN's effectiveness and safety. The usage of ITNs was particularly low among younger respondents, those who were single or widowed/divorced/separated, those with no formal education or primary education, and those who were unaware of ITNs or did not believe in their effectiveness or safety. Conclusion: This study reveals a gap between knowledge and practice in ITN use, with significant barriers being discomfort and a lack of belief in the effectiveness of ITNs. While ownership rates are high, usage rates, especially consistent usage, is low. This was due to misconceptions, especially around the efficacy and safety of ITNs. Moreover, maintenance practices are suboptimal.
{"title":"Attitudes and Practices of Insecticide Treated Bed Nets Usage among Rural Dwellers in Oyo State, Nigeria","authors":"N. C. Ekeleme, C. E. Ijioma, N. A. Unachukwu, P. I. Ejikem, J. E. Areh, C. I. Ogwu, E. O. Jeffery, I. J. Esangbedo, A. C. Amuta, P. C. Ojiri, N. O. Amoji, O. E. Aminu-Ayinde, E. S. Amadi, N. Onyeukwu, I. Abali, A. I. Airaodion","doi":"10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i151462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i151462","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Malaria, a life-threatening disease transmitted to humans by the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes, continues to be a significant public health issue, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. This study was aimed at understanding the attitudes and practices regarding the use of insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) among rural dwellers in Oyo state, Nigeria. \u0000Methodology: The study adopted a cross-sectional design. The questionnaire was developed based on the objectives of the study. Sample size was calculated using the Fisher’s formula. The minimum sample size was 278 and was adjusted to 306 to account for non-response rate of 10%. A multi-stage cluster sampling technique was employed to select the participants. \u0000Results: The primary understanding of the purpose of ITNs was prevention of mosquito bites (59.67%), and prevention of malaria (40.33%). However, only 74% believed that ITNs could effectively prevent malaria and just 66% considered ITNs safe for use. The practice of ITN usage was quite high, with 93% of respondents possessing ITNs in their households. ITNs were obtained predominantly through free distribution (49%) or purchase (29.67%). Use of ITNs varied among participants, with 28.67% always using it, 41% often using it, and 7% never using it. The reasons for not always using ITNs included discomfort sleeping under it (49%) and perceptions of heat (30%). An analysis of the factors affecting the usage of ITNs indicated a significant association with the age, marital status, level of education, knowledge of ITNs, and beliefs about ITN's effectiveness and safety. The usage of ITNs was particularly low among younger respondents, those who were single or widowed/divorced/separated, those with no formal education or primary education, and those who were unaware of ITNs or did not believe in their effectiveness or safety. \u0000Conclusion: This study reveals a gap between knowledge and practice in ITN use, with significant barriers being discomfort and a lack of belief in the effectiveness of ITNs. While ownership rates are high, usage rates, especially consistent usage, is low. This was due to misconceptions, especially around the efficacy and safety of ITNs. Moreover, maintenance practices are suboptimal.","PeriodicalId":126794,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127490315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i151460
Sriram Kannan, Apoorva Pandey, Suchita Singh, Soumi Chowdhury, Venkat Abhiram Earny, Mohammed Ashiq, Vandana K. E., Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay, Harpreet Kaur
ALBI (Albumin-Bilirubin) score is routinely used in grading liver function of hepatocarcinoma and hepatitis patients. In this purposive review, the published values of serum albumin, bilirubin in Viral hepatitis, Tuberculosis, Scrub typhus, Enteric fever has been compared with that of melioidosis. Since PubMed yielded zero searches with key words “albumin, bilirubin, melioidosis”, it was searched in Google Scholar, a better retrievable search engine. This yielded 46 relevant articles with 53 ALBI scores for Melioidosis. An equivalent search to retrieve 53 ALBI scores was made in Google Scholar for other confounding diseases of Melioidosis with search words “albumin, bilirubin, hepatitis” “albumin, bilirubin, tuberculosis”, “albumin, bilirubin, scrub typhus”, “albumin, bilirubin, enteric fever”. This raw data was deposited in Harvard dataverse (https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/QEW20J) and subsequent analysis done is documented in this article. This placed Melioidosis patients and Scrub typhus patients to be on an average grade III ALBI and the patients of Viral hepatitis, Tuberculosis, and Enteric fever in grade II ALBI. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"The Liver Function Score – “ALBI” Sets Apart Melioidosis, Scrub Typhus from Viral Hepatitis, Tuberculosis, Enteric Fever in a III-II Grade Score: Useful in Machine Learning and AI","authors":"Sriram Kannan, Apoorva Pandey, Suchita Singh, Soumi Chowdhury, Venkat Abhiram Earny, Mohammed Ashiq, Vandana K. E., Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay, Harpreet Kaur","doi":"10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i151460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i151460","url":null,"abstract":"ALBI (Albumin-Bilirubin) score is routinely used in grading liver function of hepatocarcinoma and hepatitis patients. In this purposive review, the published values of serum albumin, bilirubin in Viral hepatitis, Tuberculosis, Scrub typhus, Enteric fever has been compared with that of melioidosis. Since PubMed yielded zero searches with key words “albumin, bilirubin, melioidosis”, it was searched in Google Scholar, a better retrievable search engine. This yielded 46 relevant articles with 53 ALBI scores for Melioidosis. An equivalent search to retrieve 53 ALBI scores was made in Google Scholar for other confounding diseases of Melioidosis with search words “albumin, bilirubin, hepatitis” “albumin, bilirubin, tuberculosis”, “albumin, bilirubin, scrub typhus”, “albumin, bilirubin, enteric fever”. This raw data was deposited in Harvard dataverse (https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/QEW20J) and subsequent analysis done is documented in this article. This placed Melioidosis patients and Scrub typhus patients to be on an average grade III ALBI and the patients of Viral hepatitis, Tuberculosis, and Enteric fever in grade II ALBI. \u0000GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT \u0000","PeriodicalId":126794,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health","volume":"358 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133205830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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