L. T. Nguyen, Bay Van Mai, Din Van Nguyen, Ngoc Quyen Thi Nguyen, Vuong Van Pham, T. Pham, Hai Tu Le
Abstract This article presents a simple, eco-friendly, and green method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from AgNO3 solution utilizing an aqueous extract of Callisia fragrans leaf. The effects of C. fragrans leaf extraction conditions were evaluated. Parameters affecting the synthesis of AgNPs, such as the volume of extract, pH, temperature, and reaction time were investigated and optimized. The obtained AgNPs were analyzed by UV–Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction pattern, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and FTIR techniques. TEM and DLS analyses have shown that the synthesized AgNPs were predominantly spherical in shape with an average size of 48 nm. The zeta potential of the colloidal solution of AgNPs is −27 mV, indicating the dispersion ability of AgNPs. The results of GC–MS and FTIR analyses show the presence of biomolecules in the aqueous extract of C. fragrans leaf that acts as reducing and capping agents for the biosynthesis of AgNPs. The synthesized AgNPs demonstrate anticancer activity against MCF-7, HepG2, KB, LU-1, and MKN-7 cell lines, with inhibitory concentrations at 50% (IC50 values) of 2.41, 2.31, 2.65, 3.26, and 2.40 µg·mL−1, respectively. The obtained results in the study show that the biosynthesized AgNP from C. fragrans leaf extract can be further exploited as a potential candidate for anticancer agents.
{"title":"Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Callisia fragrans leaf extract and its anticancer activity against MCF-7, HepG2, KB, LU-1, and MKN-7 cell lines","authors":"L. T. Nguyen, Bay Van Mai, Din Van Nguyen, Ngoc Quyen Thi Nguyen, Vuong Van Pham, T. Pham, Hai Tu Le","doi":"10.1515/gps-2023-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2023-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article presents a simple, eco-friendly, and green method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from AgNO3 solution utilizing an aqueous extract of Callisia fragrans leaf. The effects of C. fragrans leaf extraction conditions were evaluated. Parameters affecting the synthesis of AgNPs, such as the volume of extract, pH, temperature, and reaction time were investigated and optimized. The obtained AgNPs were analyzed by UV–Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction pattern, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and FTIR techniques. TEM and DLS analyses have shown that the synthesized AgNPs were predominantly spherical in shape with an average size of 48 nm. The zeta potential of the colloidal solution of AgNPs is −27 mV, indicating the dispersion ability of AgNPs. The results of GC–MS and FTIR analyses show the presence of biomolecules in the aqueous extract of C. fragrans leaf that acts as reducing and capping agents for the biosynthesis of AgNPs. The synthesized AgNPs demonstrate anticancer activity against MCF-7, HepG2, KB, LU-1, and MKN-7 cell lines, with inhibitory concentrations at 50% (IC50 values) of 2.41, 2.31, 2.65, 3.26, and 2.40 µg·mL−1, respectively. The obtained results in the study show that the biosynthesized AgNP from C. fragrans leaf extract can be further exploited as a potential candidate for anticancer agents.","PeriodicalId":12758,"journal":{"name":"Green Processing and Synthesis","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66809650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kamalesh Balakumar Venkatesan, Saravanan Alamelu, Sivamathi Rathna Priya, Nivedha Jayaseelan, Sathish-Kumar Kamaraj, Manoj Kumar Srinivasan, Mohammed Ali Alshehri, Chellasamy Panneerselvam, Ahmed Saif, Selvendiran Periyasamy
Abstract In this investigation, using the biogenic approach, Plectranthus vettiveroides root extract was used to synthesize chitosan nanoparticles ( P. vettiveroides CNPs). The produced nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized using UV-visible (UV/vis) absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The typical absorption peaks in the UV/vis spectra were located around 253 nm. Functional groups were identified in P. vettiveroides CNPs by FTIR. As per SEM analysis, the NPs generated exhibited a spherical shape with an average diameter of 78.01 nm. In addition, the synthesized P. vettiveroides CNPs were examined for antioxidant and antibacterial properties and anticancer activities. They show a strong antioxidant activity compared to butylated hydroxytoluene as a standard antioxidant. P. vettiveroides root extract CNPs demonstrated the most significant zone of inhibition against Klebsiella pneumoniae (22 mm), followed by Escherichia coli (21 mm), Bacillus cereus (19 mm), and Staphylococcus aureus (17 mm). In addition, using MTT assay, anticancer efficacy against KB (oral cancer) cells was studied. The cytotoxic reaction was observed in a dosage-dependent manner. P. vettiveroides CNPs show bioefficacy because of their size and the existence of bioactive compounds, which can enhance antibacterial and anticancer activities by lysing bacterial and cancer cell walls.
{"title":"Ameliorated antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties by <i>Plectranthus vettiveroides</i> root extract-mediated green synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles","authors":"Kamalesh Balakumar Venkatesan, Saravanan Alamelu, Sivamathi Rathna Priya, Nivedha Jayaseelan, Sathish-Kumar Kamaraj, Manoj Kumar Srinivasan, Mohammed Ali Alshehri, Chellasamy Panneerselvam, Ahmed Saif, Selvendiran Periyasamy","doi":"10.1515/gps-2023-0086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2023-0086","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this investigation, using the biogenic approach, Plectranthus vettiveroides root extract was used to synthesize chitosan nanoparticles ( P. vettiveroides CNPs). The produced nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized using UV-visible (UV/vis) absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The typical absorption peaks in the UV/vis spectra were located around 253 nm. Functional groups were identified in P. vettiveroides CNPs by FTIR. As per SEM analysis, the NPs generated exhibited a spherical shape with an average diameter of 78.01 nm. In addition, the synthesized P. vettiveroides CNPs were examined for antioxidant and antibacterial properties and anticancer activities. They show a strong antioxidant activity compared to butylated hydroxytoluene as a standard antioxidant. P. vettiveroides root extract CNPs demonstrated the most significant zone of inhibition against Klebsiella pneumoniae (22 mm), followed by Escherichia coli (21 mm), Bacillus cereus (19 mm), and Staphylococcus aureus (17 mm). In addition, using MTT assay, anticancer efficacy against KB (oral cancer) cells was studied. The cytotoxic reaction was observed in a dosage-dependent manner. P. vettiveroides CNPs show bioefficacy because of their size and the existence of bioactive compounds, which can enhance antibacterial and anticancer activities by lysing bacterial and cancer cell walls.","PeriodicalId":12758,"journal":{"name":"Green Processing and Synthesis","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135212739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The exoskeletons of crabs, shrimp, and fish are major waste. These wastes contain chitin, an abundant natural polymer found next to cellulose. Thus, disposal of this waste becomes a huge problem for the environment; besides this, reutilization boosts the circular economy. Chitin is partially deacetylated to yield the economically useful product of chitosan and is a heteropolymer. The current study isolated chitosan from mushrooms and various marine crustaceans, i.e., crabs, shrimp, and fish. Chitosan was extracted from marine crustaceans by demineralization, deproteination, and deacetylation. Later, extracted chitosan was characterized by physicochemical characteristics like deacetylation degree, ash content, protein, color, fat-binding capacity (FBC), water-binding capacity (WBC), pH, and moisture content. The result showed that chitosan yield ranges from 13.0% to 17.0%, the degree of deacetylation range from 82.0% to 85.0%, ash content range from 0.8% to 3.0%, and protein content is below 1.0%. The FBC and WBC range between 320% and 444% and 535% and 602%, respectively. The pH and moisture content range from 7.4 to 8.0 and from 2.0% to 4.0%, respectively. Overall, results specified that crustacean waste was an exceptional chitosan source with availability and production consistency.
{"title":"Green fabrication of chitosan from marine crustaceans and mushroom waste: Toward sustainable resource utilization","authors":"Kiruthiga Periyannan, Hemamala Selvaraj, Balachandar Subbu, Muthukrishnan Pallikondaperumal, Ponmurugan Karuppiah, Jothi Ramalingam Rajabathar, Hamad Al-Lohedan, Sadhasivam Thangarasu","doi":"10.1515/gps-2023-0093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2023-0093","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The exoskeletons of crabs, shrimp, and fish are major waste. These wastes contain chitin, an abundant natural polymer found next to cellulose. Thus, disposal of this waste becomes a huge problem for the environment; besides this, reutilization boosts the circular economy. Chitin is partially deacetylated to yield the economically useful product of chitosan and is a heteropolymer. The current study isolated chitosan from mushrooms and various marine crustaceans, i.e., crabs, shrimp, and fish. Chitosan was extracted from marine crustaceans by demineralization, deproteination, and deacetylation. Later, extracted chitosan was characterized by physicochemical characteristics like deacetylation degree, ash content, protein, color, fat-binding capacity (FBC), water-binding capacity (WBC), pH, and moisture content. The result showed that chitosan yield ranges from 13.0% to 17.0%, the degree of deacetylation range from 82.0% to 85.0%, ash content range from 0.8% to 3.0%, and protein content is below 1.0%. The FBC and WBC range between 320% and 444% and 535% and 602%, respectively. The pH and moisture content range from 7.4 to 8.0 and from 2.0% to 4.0%, respectively. Overall, results specified that crustacean waste was an exceptional chitosan source with availability and production consistency.","PeriodicalId":12758,"journal":{"name":"Green Processing and Synthesis","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135318465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In this study, a simple green method was employed to produce strontium (Sr)-doped-tin-dioxide (SnO2) nanoparticles (SrSnO2 NPs) using the Mahonia bealei leaf extract. The synthesized NPs were characterized with XRD, FE-SEM, FTIR, and PL spectroscopy measurements. SrSnO2 NPs were analysed for antimicrobial and anticancer activities. The XRD analysis revealed that the synthesized samples exhibited a tetragonal rutile crystal structure type of tin oxide. The EDX spectrum conforms to the chemical composition and elemental mapping of SrSnO2 NP synthesis. At 632 cm−1, the O–Sn–O band was observed and chemical bonding was confirmed using an FTIR spectrum. The PL spectrum identified surface defects and oxygen vacancies. The SrSnO2 NPs were tested against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative human pathogens. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited effective antibacterial properties. The anticancer effects of SrSnO2 nanoparticles were also assessed against MCF-7 cells, and growth was decreased with increasing concentrations of the nanoparticles. Dual staining revealed high apoptosis in SrSnO2 NP-treated MCF-7 cells, proving its apoptotic potential. To conclude, we synthesized and characterized potential SrSnO2 nanoparticles using a green approach from the Mahonia bealei leaf extract. Further, green SrSnO2 nanoparticles showed significant antibacterial and anticancer properties against breast cancer cells (MCF-7) through apoptosis, which suggests a healthcare application for these nanoparticles. Graphical abstract An overview of the study presented in a schematic form.
{"title":"Green synthesis of strontium-doped tin dioxide (SrSnO2) nanoparticles using the Mahonia bealei leaf extract and evaluation of their anticancer and antimicrobial activities","authors":"A. Aloufi","doi":"10.1515/gps-2022-8116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2022-8116","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, a simple green method was employed to produce strontium (Sr)-doped-tin-dioxide (SnO2) nanoparticles (SrSnO2 NPs) using the Mahonia bealei leaf extract. The synthesized NPs were characterized with XRD, FE-SEM, FTIR, and PL spectroscopy measurements. SrSnO2 NPs were analysed for antimicrobial and anticancer activities. The XRD analysis revealed that the synthesized samples exhibited a tetragonal rutile crystal structure type of tin oxide. The EDX spectrum conforms to the chemical composition and elemental mapping of SrSnO2 NP synthesis. At 632 cm−1, the O–Sn–O band was observed and chemical bonding was confirmed using an FTIR spectrum. The PL spectrum identified surface defects and oxygen vacancies. The SrSnO2 NPs were tested against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative human pathogens. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited effective antibacterial properties. The anticancer effects of SrSnO2 nanoparticles were also assessed against MCF-7 cells, and growth was decreased with increasing concentrations of the nanoparticles. Dual staining revealed high apoptosis in SrSnO2 NP-treated MCF-7 cells, proving its apoptotic potential. To conclude, we synthesized and characterized potential SrSnO2 nanoparticles using a green approach from the Mahonia bealei leaf extract. Further, green SrSnO2 nanoparticles showed significant antibacterial and anticancer properties against breast cancer cells (MCF-7) through apoptosis, which suggests a healthcare application for these nanoparticles. Graphical abstract An overview of the study presented in a schematic form.","PeriodicalId":12758,"journal":{"name":"Green Processing and Synthesis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42371306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Naireen Ahmed, Kiran Tanveer, Zohaib Younas, Tayyaba Yousaf, Muhammad Ikram, N. Raja, Z. Mashwani, Saad Alghamdi, Issa Saad Al-Moraya, N. Shesha
Abstract Nanotechnology investigates different promising methodologies in the space of material sciences on a sub-atomic level. Novel methodologies are expected for the accomplishment of protected and successful helpful medicines past the traditional ones, and society needs new prerequisites for innovations, moving towards perfect and green innovation improvement. This review study deals with topics related to green nanotechnology for the investigation of different assays such as anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-larval, and microbial. The confirmation of nanocomposite will be conformed using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction to determine the size, shape, and supporting material to stabilize and cap the agent. However, the biomedical application of the ZnO/TiO2 nanocomposite is also discussed. Furthermore, to their remarkable biocompatibility, ZnO/TiO2 has shown significant potential in bio-imaging, tissue engineering, and drug delivery. The biological activities of the green-produced nanoparticles are strong and they are employed in several biological applications across various assays. The current review covers the creation and most recent developments of bio-nanocomposite materials from plant sources (such as leaves, stems, bark, roots, rhizomes, fruits, flowers, and seeds), as well as their anti-cancer, diabetes-related, and anti-larval activities. This is followed by a thorough discussion of their mechanisms of action.
{"title":"Green-processed nano-biocomposite (ZnO–TiO2): Potential candidates for biomedical applications","authors":"Naireen Ahmed, Kiran Tanveer, Zohaib Younas, Tayyaba Yousaf, Muhammad Ikram, N. Raja, Z. Mashwani, Saad Alghamdi, Issa Saad Al-Moraya, N. Shesha","doi":"10.1515/gps-2023-0076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2023-0076","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nanotechnology investigates different promising methodologies in the space of material sciences on a sub-atomic level. Novel methodologies are expected for the accomplishment of protected and successful helpful medicines past the traditional ones, and society needs new prerequisites for innovations, moving towards perfect and green innovation improvement. This review study deals with topics related to green nanotechnology for the investigation of different assays such as anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-larval, and microbial. The confirmation of nanocomposite will be conformed using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction to determine the size, shape, and supporting material to stabilize and cap the agent. However, the biomedical application of the ZnO/TiO2 nanocomposite is also discussed. Furthermore, to their remarkable biocompatibility, ZnO/TiO2 has shown significant potential in bio-imaging, tissue engineering, and drug delivery. The biological activities of the green-produced nanoparticles are strong and they are employed in several biological applications across various assays. The current review covers the creation and most recent developments of bio-nanocomposite materials from plant sources (such as leaves, stems, bark, roots, rhizomes, fruits, flowers, and seeds), as well as their anti-cancer, diabetes-related, and anti-larval activities. This is followed by a thorough discussion of their mechanisms of action.","PeriodicalId":12758,"journal":{"name":"Green Processing and Synthesis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42416369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ratima Waitongkham, Y. Pianroj, Teerasak Punvichai, S. Karrila, P. Chumkaew, Saysunee Jumrat
Abstract In this study, the production of bio-oil by pyrolysis with microwave (MW) heating was tested experimentally. Two magnetrons with a total MW power of 1,600 W were used in the pyrolysis setup. The electric field strength was 185.38 V·m−2 at an MW frequency of 2.45 GHz. Cashew nut shells (CNS) or Cassia fistula pods (CFP) were pyrolyzed at 400°C, 500°C, or 600°C, with biomass-to-activated carbon ratio set at 70:30, 80:20, or 90:10. The largest yield of bio-oil was found for CNS at 600°C, and for CFP at 500°C, both with 90:10 ratio, achieving, respectively, 20.0% and 15.8% yields. When the bio-oil yields from CNS and CFP at 90:10 ratio and 400–600°C were analyzed with gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, the components found included acids, esters, ketones, furans, pyrans, guaiacol, syringol and phenols, and phenolic derivatives were the dominant type of compounds. There were 23.56% and 13.23% phenolic derivatives, respectively, in the bio-oils from CNS (at 500°C) and from CFP (at 400°C). An analysis with Folin–Ciocalteu reagent of the phenolic contents in bio-oils gave the respective ranges 146.83–164.83 mg·GAE·g·DW−1 and 39.34–45.91 mg·GAE·g DW−1 for CNS and CFP (both run with 90:10 ratio).
{"title":"Characterization of bio-oil production by microwave pyrolysis from cashew nut shells and Cassia fistula pods","authors":"Ratima Waitongkham, Y. Pianroj, Teerasak Punvichai, S. Karrila, P. Chumkaew, Saysunee Jumrat","doi":"10.1515/gps-2023-0084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2023-0084","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, the production of bio-oil by pyrolysis with microwave (MW) heating was tested experimentally. Two magnetrons with a total MW power of 1,600 W were used in the pyrolysis setup. The electric field strength was 185.38 V·m−2 at an MW frequency of 2.45 GHz. Cashew nut shells (CNS) or Cassia fistula pods (CFP) were pyrolyzed at 400°C, 500°C, or 600°C, with biomass-to-activated carbon ratio set at 70:30, 80:20, or 90:10. The largest yield of bio-oil was found for CNS at 600°C, and for CFP at 500°C, both with 90:10 ratio, achieving, respectively, 20.0% and 15.8% yields. When the bio-oil yields from CNS and CFP at 90:10 ratio and 400–600°C were analyzed with gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, the components found included acids, esters, ketones, furans, pyrans, guaiacol, syringol and phenols, and phenolic derivatives were the dominant type of compounds. There were 23.56% and 13.23% phenolic derivatives, respectively, in the bio-oils from CNS (at 500°C) and from CFP (at 400°C). An analysis with Folin–Ciocalteu reagent of the phenolic contents in bio-oils gave the respective ranges 146.83–164.83 mg·GAE·g·DW−1 and 39.34–45.91 mg·GAE·g DW−1 for CNS and CFP (both run with 90:10 ratio).","PeriodicalId":12758,"journal":{"name":"Green Processing and Synthesis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45508235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Khan, Uzma Sharafat, S. Gul, M. I. Khan, M. Ismail, M. Khan, Rafia Younus, Sher Bahadar Khan
Abstract Environmental remediation of toxic organic pollutants on catalytic degradation has gained much attention. Organic dyes and fossil fuels as pollutants are the two major problems nowadays. The efficient and targeted eradication of organic dye from water systems is a critical global concern for the treatment of both drinking water and wastewater. In this study, ZnO–ZnS–CdO–CdS quaternary core–shell nanocomposites (NCs) were synthesized using Ricinus communis as a stabilizing agent and hydrazine hydrate as a reducing agent. UV-visible spectroscopy and photoluminescence confirmed the formation of NCs. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of functional groups, while scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that the morphology of nanomaterials was spherical and poly distributed. X-ray powder diffraction confirmed the crystalline nature of prepared samples. The prepared nanocatalysts were used in the production of hydrogen gas from green sources of the Brassica campestris leaf extract and the degradation of Congo red and methyl red dyes. Overall, the photocatalytic performance of NCs and their design was successful. The prepared catalysts were not only active in the degradation of a single substrate but also in the degradation of a mixture of dyes.
{"title":"Novel in situ synthesis of quaternary core–shell metallic sulfide nanocomposites for degradation of organic dyes and hydrogen production","authors":"Y. Khan, Uzma Sharafat, S. Gul, M. I. Khan, M. Ismail, M. Khan, Rafia Younus, Sher Bahadar Khan","doi":"10.1515/gps-2022-8128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2022-8128","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Environmental remediation of toxic organic pollutants on catalytic degradation has gained much attention. Organic dyes and fossil fuels as pollutants are the two major problems nowadays. The efficient and targeted eradication of organic dye from water systems is a critical global concern for the treatment of both drinking water and wastewater. In this study, ZnO–ZnS–CdO–CdS quaternary core–shell nanocomposites (NCs) were synthesized using Ricinus communis as a stabilizing agent and hydrazine hydrate as a reducing agent. UV-visible spectroscopy and photoluminescence confirmed the formation of NCs. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of functional groups, while scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that the morphology of nanomaterials was spherical and poly distributed. X-ray powder diffraction confirmed the crystalline nature of prepared samples. The prepared nanocatalysts were used in the production of hydrogen gas from green sources of the Brassica campestris leaf extract and the degradation of Congo red and methyl red dyes. Overall, the photocatalytic performance of NCs and their design was successful. The prepared catalysts were not only active in the degradation of a single substrate but also in the degradation of a mixture of dyes.","PeriodicalId":12758,"journal":{"name":"Green Processing and Synthesis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44688880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiangmiao Zhu, Weitong Qi, Mi Wang, Shixuan Zhan, Xuezhao Liu, Yuting Zhao, V. Hessel, Zhanghao Chen, Liangliang Lin
Abstract In this work, an efficient and green approach has been presented to prepare carbon quantum dots (CQDs) from watermelon juice through a microfluidic steam-based method, with a view to enabling continuous production at scale, i.e., to save time, costs, or energy as compared to conventional production using an autoclave. The evolution of the product formation through multifarious intermediates generated in different stages of the reaction process was characterized. Computational fluid dynamics simulations reveal the pressure and velocity profiles in the microchannel to exert process control. These determine the quality of the obtained CQDs by influencing the particle size transformations and manifold chemicals along the microchannel axis. The optimal reaction conditions and reaction mechanism for the synthesis of CQDs were investigated. Additionally, the synthesized CQDs demonstrated good fluorescence properties as well as a specific response to NO 2 − {text{NO}}_{2}^{-} in both fluorescence and spectrophotometric modes, providing great potential for their application in environmental monitoring.
{"title":"Microfluidic steam-based synthesis of luminescent carbon quantum dots as sensing probes for nitrite detection","authors":"Xiangmiao Zhu, Weitong Qi, Mi Wang, Shixuan Zhan, Xuezhao Liu, Yuting Zhao, V. Hessel, Zhanghao Chen, Liangliang Lin","doi":"10.1515/gps-2022-8144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2022-8144","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this work, an efficient and green approach has been presented to prepare carbon quantum dots (CQDs) from watermelon juice through a microfluidic steam-based method, with a view to enabling continuous production at scale, i.e., to save time, costs, or energy as compared to conventional production using an autoclave. The evolution of the product formation through multifarious intermediates generated in different stages of the reaction process was characterized. Computational fluid dynamics simulations reveal the pressure and velocity profiles in the microchannel to exert process control. These determine the quality of the obtained CQDs by influencing the particle size transformations and manifold chemicals along the microchannel axis. The optimal reaction conditions and reaction mechanism for the synthesis of CQDs were investigated. Additionally, the synthesized CQDs demonstrated good fluorescence properties as well as a specific response to NO 2 − {text{NO}}_{2}^{-} in both fluorescence and spectrophotometric modes, providing great potential for their application in environmental monitoring.","PeriodicalId":12758,"journal":{"name":"Green Processing and Synthesis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43552378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nneka Joyce Odimba, R. Khalidy, Reza Bakhshoodeh, R. Santos
Abstract Rare earth elements (REEs) are typically found in low concentrations within natural rocks that make up mine tailings, such as carbonates in association with silicates within carbonatite igneous rocks, so it is of interest to develop (bio)hydrometallurgical ways to liberate them from the silicate matrix. This work investigated, through geochemical modeling, the extraction of europium and ytterbium carbonates from rocks containing one of four silicates (chrysotile, forsterite, montmorillonite, and phlogopite) via chemical (mineral acid) or biological (organic acid) leaching. The results indicated conditions that led to either congruent or incongruent dissolution of the mineral phases and the formation of transient mineral phases. Chemical leaching models suggest that REE carbonates are recoverable in one-step leaching from forsterite and chrysotile rocks, while they are recoverable in a secondary leaching step from montmorillonite and phlogopite rocks. Gibbsite as a transient phase is shown to complicate REE recovery, potentially requiring reactive extraction. REEs have the potential to be recovered from silicate rocks via chemoorganotrophic bioleaching, but the process configuration would differ depending on the predominant minerals that make up the rock, and the type of REE present in it.
{"title":"Recovery of critical metals from carbonatite-type mineral wastes: Geochemical modeling investigation of (bio)hydrometallurgical leaching of REEs","authors":"Nneka Joyce Odimba, R. Khalidy, Reza Bakhshoodeh, R. Santos","doi":"10.1515/gps-2022-8086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2022-8086","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Rare earth elements (REEs) are typically found in low concentrations within natural rocks that make up mine tailings, such as carbonates in association with silicates within carbonatite igneous rocks, so it is of interest to develop (bio)hydrometallurgical ways to liberate them from the silicate matrix. This work investigated, through geochemical modeling, the extraction of europium and ytterbium carbonates from rocks containing one of four silicates (chrysotile, forsterite, montmorillonite, and phlogopite) via chemical (mineral acid) or biological (organic acid) leaching. The results indicated conditions that led to either congruent or incongruent dissolution of the mineral phases and the formation of transient mineral phases. Chemical leaching models suggest that REE carbonates are recoverable in one-step leaching from forsterite and chrysotile rocks, while they are recoverable in a secondary leaching step from montmorillonite and phlogopite rocks. Gibbsite as a transient phase is shown to complicate REE recovery, potentially requiring reactive extraction. REEs have the potential to be recovered from silicate rocks via chemoorganotrophic bioleaching, but the process configuration would differ depending on the predominant minerals that make up the rock, and the type of REE present in it.","PeriodicalId":12758,"journal":{"name":"Green Processing and Synthesis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46753808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Huda, H. Ghneim, Fozia Fozia, Mushtaq Ahmed, N. Mushtaq, N. Sher, Rahmattualh Khan, Ijaz Ahmad, Y. Al-Sheikh, J. Giesy, M. A. Aboul-Soud
Abstract The synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by the green method is favored as compared to chemical synthesis due to their appreciable properties of less toxicity and simple synthesis. The current study designed the biosynthesis of AgNPs in one step by using the plant Kickxia elatine (KE) extract and then investigated its inhibiting activity against rat’s brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) ex vivo. Ultraviolet spectrum at 416 nm confirmed the formation of AgNPs. X-ray diffractometer calculated size was reported to be 42.47 nm. The SEM analysis confirmed spherical-shaped AgNPs. FT-IR suggested that the phytochemical groups present in the KE extract and their nanoparticles (NPs) are responsible for the biosynthesized of NPs. EDX analysis presented that Ag was the chief element with 61.67%. Both KE extract and AgNPs showed significant anti-AChE activity at 175 µg·mL−1. Statistical analysis showed that both KE and AgNPs exhibited non-competitive type inhibition against AChE, i.e. V max decreased (34.17–68.64% and 22.29–62.10%), while K m values remained constant. It is concluded that KE and AgNPs can be considered an inhibitor of rats’ brain AChE. Furthermore, the synthesis of AgNP-based drugs can be used as a cheaper and alternative option against diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease.
{"title":"Green synthesis of Kickxia elatine-induced silver nanoparticles and their role as anti-acetylcholinesterase in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease","authors":"N. Huda, H. Ghneim, Fozia Fozia, Mushtaq Ahmed, N. Mushtaq, N. Sher, Rahmattualh Khan, Ijaz Ahmad, Y. Al-Sheikh, J. Giesy, M. A. Aboul-Soud","doi":"10.1515/gps-2023-0060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2023-0060","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by the green method is favored as compared to chemical synthesis due to their appreciable properties of less toxicity and simple synthesis. The current study designed the biosynthesis of AgNPs in one step by using the plant Kickxia elatine (KE) extract and then investigated its inhibiting activity against rat’s brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) ex vivo. Ultraviolet spectrum at 416 nm confirmed the formation of AgNPs. X-ray diffractometer calculated size was reported to be 42.47 nm. The SEM analysis confirmed spherical-shaped AgNPs. FT-IR suggested that the phytochemical groups present in the KE extract and their nanoparticles (NPs) are responsible for the biosynthesized of NPs. EDX analysis presented that Ag was the chief element with 61.67%. Both KE extract and AgNPs showed significant anti-AChE activity at 175 µg·mL−1. Statistical analysis showed that both KE and AgNPs exhibited non-competitive type inhibition against AChE, i.e. V max decreased (34.17–68.64% and 22.29–62.10%), while K m values remained constant. It is concluded that KE and AgNPs can be considered an inhibitor of rats’ brain AChE. Furthermore, the synthesis of AgNP-based drugs can be used as a cheaper and alternative option against diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease.","PeriodicalId":12758,"journal":{"name":"Green Processing and Synthesis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48058507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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