Pub Date : 2024-11-30DOI: 10.1016/j.gr.2024.11.009
Claudio Andrade, Paulo M. Vasconcelos, Joan Esterle, Tracey Crossingham, Kasia Sobczak, Heinz-Gerd Holl, Suzanne Hurter, Corey Wall, James L. Crowley
New high-resolution ID-TIMS geochronology of zircon from tuff horizons reveals a regionally traceable temporal hiatus of ∼ 3–10 Ma in sedimentation along the contact between the Middle-Upper Jurassic Walloon Coal Measures (WCM) and the Upper Jurassic Springbok Sandstone (SS), Surat Basin, Australia. Undecompacted sedimentation rates of 15–65 m.Ma−1 in the WCM drop to apparent sedimentation rates of 0 to 7 m.Ma−1 near the WCM-SS transition, rising again to 15–51 m.Ma−1 during SS deposition. U-Pb geochronology identifies a hiatus – either a cessation in sedimentation or an erosional event defining a regional unconformity – not discernable from sedimentary features, highlighting the need for high-resolution geochronology in defining key bounding surfaces in sequence stratigraphy of intracratonic basins. Determining the exact position of lithological contacts and characterizing petrophysical properties of units below and above the WCM-SS transition are particularly important in quantifying connectivity between the gas-bearing units below with regional aquifers above the unconformity. As exploration for coal-seam and shale gas in intracratonic sedimentary basins expands globally, identification of major stratigraphic transitions through high-resolution geochronology will help assessing the economic potential and environmental vulnerabilities of such systems.
{"title":"Tracing regional unconformities in intracratonic basins with high-precision zircon CA-TIMS geochronology","authors":"Claudio Andrade, Paulo M. Vasconcelos, Joan Esterle, Tracey Crossingham, Kasia Sobczak, Heinz-Gerd Holl, Suzanne Hurter, Corey Wall, James L. Crowley","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2024.11.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2024.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"New high-resolution ID-TIMS geochronology of zircon from tuff horizons reveals a regionally traceable temporal hiatus of ∼ 3–10 Ma in sedimentation along the contact between the Middle-Upper Jurassic Walloon Coal Measures (WCM) and the Upper Jurassic Springbok Sandstone (SS), Surat Basin, Australia. Undecompacted sedimentation rates of 15–65 <ce:inter-ref xlink:href=\"http://m.Ma\" xlink:type=\"simple\">m.Ma</ce:inter-ref><ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup> in the WCM drop to apparent sedimentation rates of 0 to 7 <ce:inter-ref xlink:href=\"http://m.Ma\" xlink:type=\"simple\">m.Ma</ce:inter-ref><ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup> near the WCM-SS transition, rising again to 15–51 <ce:inter-ref xlink:href=\"http://m.Ma\" xlink:type=\"simple\">m.Ma</ce:inter-ref><ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup> during SS deposition. U-Pb geochronology identifies a hiatus – either a cessation in sedimentation or an erosional event defining a regional unconformity – not discernable from sedimentary features, highlighting the need for high-resolution geochronology in defining key bounding surfaces in sequence stratigraphy of intracratonic basins. Determining the exact position of lithological contacts and characterizing petrophysical properties of units below and above the WCM-SS transition are particularly important in quantifying connectivity between the gas-bearing units below with regional aquifers above the unconformity. As exploration for coal-seam and shale gas in intracratonic sedimentary basins expands globally, identification of major stratigraphic transitions through high-resolution geochronology will help assessing the economic potential and environmental vulnerabilities of such systems.","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-30DOI: 10.1016/j.gr.2024.11.005
Yumeng Luo, Xiyao Liu, Meixi Chen, Yuhuan Xia
The pursuit of economic development poses substantial environmental challenges, and achieving both economic and sustainable development are difficult goals to balance. Based on China’s unique political structure, government officials serve as central decision-makers in regional development. The policy choices of these officials are constrained by the official promotion tournament system. We examined the impact of gaps in the economic development goals of Chinese prefecture-level city governments on the sustainable development of regions using panel data for Chinese cities from 2003 to 2019. We analyzed the (in)congruence of the following two gaps: 1) the gap between the economic development of a city in the current and previous year, and 2) the gap between the average economic growth rate of other cities in the same province and the actual economic growth rate of a city. The results show that when there is incongruence between these two gaps (e.g., economic development surpasses expectations but falls short of the provincial average), green innovation within the region increases considerably. Our study integrates resource allocation theory and promotion tournament theory, expanding the boundaries of the theory of promotion tournaments for officials and the examination of motivations for green innovation. In addition, our findings not only benefit the Chinese government but also provide insights for governments worldwide to rationally allocate resources toward a cleaner and more sustainable future.
{"title":"The congruence of dual gaps in economic growth on regional sustainability","authors":"Yumeng Luo, Xiyao Liu, Meixi Chen, Yuhuan Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"The pursuit of economic development poses substantial environmental challenges, and achieving both economic and sustainable development are difficult goals to balance. Based on China’s unique political structure, government officials serve as central decision-makers in regional development. The policy choices of these officials are constrained by the official promotion tournament system. We examined the impact of gaps in the economic development goals of Chinese prefecture-level city governments on the sustainable development of regions using panel data for Chinese cities from 2003 to 2019. We analyzed the (in)congruence of the following two gaps: 1) the gap between the economic development of a city in the current and previous year, and 2) the gap between the average economic growth rate of other cities in the same province and the actual economic growth rate of a city. The results show that when there is incongruence between these two gaps (e.g., economic development surpasses expectations but falls short of the provincial average), green innovation within the region increases considerably. Our study integrates resource allocation theory and promotion tournament theory, expanding the boundaries of the theory of promotion tournaments for officials and the examination of motivations for green innovation. In addition, our findings not only benefit the Chinese government but also provide insights for governments worldwide to rationally allocate resources toward a cleaner and more sustainable future.","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.gr.2024.10.016
Oktay Özkan, Hephzibah Onyeje Obekpa, Stephen Taiwo Onifade, Andrew Adewale Alola
Given the pace of economic expansion arising from energy usage among other social and economic factors, emerging economies such as Turkey are increasingly becoming the focus for a net zero future. Therefore, the current attempt considers the drivers of environmental sustainability via load capacity factor (LCF) in the context of resource efficiency, renewable energy utilization, and globalization for Turkey over the period 1982 to 2019. By employing series of empirical tools that include cross-quantilogram method, quantile-on-quantile regression, quantile regression approaches, and the nonparametric quantile Granger causality approach, the result shows there is statistically significant evidence of quantile-to-quantile dependence among the trio of (resource efficiency, renewable energy utilization, and globalization) and LCF such that the dependence it reflects some levels of positive directional predictability, thus showing that these indicators are important drivers of environmental sustainability in Turkey. Furthermore, for the quantile-on-quantile regression results, there are statistically significant and positive effects of (i) resource efficiency on LCF across its conditional quantiles of distribution, (ii) renewable energy utilization on LCF and is mostly visible at the lower quantile up to the upper middle quantiles of renewable energy utilization (0.05–0.65), and (iii) globalization on LCF across the lower to upper middle quantiles. With the other empirical approaches providing similar results, the outcome of this investigation offers specific policy insight into resource circularity and energy efficiency.
{"title":"Probing environmental sustainability aspects of resource efficiency, renewable energy usage and globalization","authors":"Oktay Özkan, Hephzibah Onyeje Obekpa, Stephen Taiwo Onifade, Andrew Adewale Alola","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2024.10.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2024.10.016","url":null,"abstract":"Given the pace of economic expansion arising from energy usage among other social and economic factors, emerging economies such as Turkey are increasingly becoming the focus for a net zero future. Therefore, the current attempt considers the drivers of environmental sustainability via load capacity factor (LCF) in the context of resource efficiency, renewable energy utilization, and globalization for Turkey over the period 1982 to 2019. By employing series of empirical tools that include cross-quantilogram method, quantile-on-quantile regression, quantile regression approaches, and the nonparametric quantile Granger causality approach, the result shows there is statistically significant evidence of quantile-to-quantile dependence among the trio of (resource efficiency, renewable energy utilization, and globalization) and LCF such that the dependence it reflects some levels of positive directional predictability, thus showing that these indicators are important drivers of environmental sustainability in Turkey. Furthermore, for the quantile-on-quantile regression results, there are statistically significant and positive effects of (i) resource efficiency on LCF across its conditional quantiles of distribution, (ii) renewable energy utilization on LCF and is mostly visible at the lower quantile up to the upper middle quantiles of renewable energy utilization (0.05–0.65), and (iii) globalization on LCF across the lower to upper middle quantiles. With the other empirical approaches providing similar results, the outcome of this investigation offers specific policy insight into resource circularity and energy efficiency.","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-22DOI: 10.1016/j.gr.2024.10.015
Gang Wang , Kun Zhao , Jingxuan Zhang , Shengxian Zhu , Chaochao Xing , Xianguo Lang
The Marinoan glaciation represents the pinnacle of glacial severity in Earth’s geological history. Deep-water glacial deposits have revealed a complex interplay of at least two glacial advance-retreat cycles. However, the extent to which these glacial episodes are mirrored in shallow-water settings has received less attention. To shed light on this, we undertook an exhaustive lithofacies analysis of three shallow-water sections within the Nantuo Formation in South China. Our findings delineate six distinct lithofacies within the Nantuo Formation: massive diamictite, crudely stratified diamictite, pebbly sandstone, massive sandstone, dropstone-bearing laminated siltstone/mudstone, and laminated mudstone/siltstone. The vertical successions of these lithofacies have allowed us to identify two facies associations indicative of glacial dynamics; they are the ice-grounding line fan facies association and the ice-distal facies association. By juxtaposing our findings with the facies analysis of three deep-water sections, we have established a lateral correlation, confirming the presence of at least two glacial advance and retreat cycles in shallow-water environments. Each glacial advance is marked by the presence of inversely graded massive diamictite, indicative of ice-proximal, glaciomarine conditions. In contrast, each retreat phase is characterized by a fining-upward sequence from siltstone to mudstone, interspersed with dropstones, signifying ice-distal, glaciomarine settings. This study not only underscores the dynamic character of the Marinoan snowball Earth glaciation but also suggests that the glacial oscillations observed in deep-water environments have counterparts in shallow waters. It provides evidence that the scale of the Marinoan glacial fluctuations was not confined to the deep ocean but extended to encompass the entire basin, offering a more comprehensive understanding of the Earth’s climatic and glacial history during this critical period.
{"title":"Glacial fluctuations in the Cryogenian Marinoan Snowball Earth","authors":"Gang Wang , Kun Zhao , Jingxuan Zhang , Shengxian Zhu , Chaochao Xing , Xianguo Lang","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2024.10.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gr.2024.10.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Marinoan glaciation represents the pinnacle of glacial severity in Earth’s geological history. Deep-water glacial deposits have revealed a complex interplay of at least two glacial advance-retreat cycles. However, the extent to which these glacial episodes are mirrored in shallow-water settings has received less attention. To shed light on this, we undertook an exhaustive lithofacies analysis of three shallow-water sections within the Nantuo Formation in South China. Our findings delineate six distinct lithofacies within the Nantuo Formation: massive diamictite, crudely stratified diamictite, pebbly sandstone, massive sandstone, dropstone-bearing laminated siltstone/mudstone, and laminated mudstone/siltstone. The vertical successions of these lithofacies have allowed us to identify two facies associations indicative of glacial dynamics; they are the ice-grounding line fan facies association and the ice-distal facies association. By juxtaposing our findings with the facies analysis of three deep-water sections, we have established a lateral correlation, confirming the presence of at least two glacial advance and retreat cycles in shallow-water environments. Each glacial advance is marked by the presence of inversely graded massive diamictite, indicative of ice-proximal, glaciomarine conditions. In contrast, each retreat phase is characterized by a fining-upward sequence from siltstone to mudstone, interspersed with dropstones, signifying ice-distal, glaciomarine settings. This study not only underscores the dynamic character of the Marinoan snowball Earth glaciation but also suggests that the glacial oscillations observed in deep-water environments have counterparts in shallow waters. It provides evidence that the scale of the Marinoan glacial fluctuations was not confined to the deep ocean but extended to encompass the entire basin, offering a more comprehensive understanding of the Earth’s climatic and glacial history during this critical period.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"139 ","pages":"Pages 1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142756902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.gr.2024.11.002
Brandt M. Gibson , Ingrid Stengel , Zakeus Nghishidulu , Peter R. Liberty , Ajani Bissick , Andrea Boscaini , Joshua H.F.L. Davies , Galen P. Halverson , Frederick J. Hilgen , Bianca Spiering , Patricia Vickers-Rich , Marc Laflamme
A new occurrence of Swartpuntia germsi is reported from Farm Aar near Aus in southern Namibia. It is preserved as incomplete part/counterpart in two dimensions, with a folded petaloid. Stratigraphically correlated to a minimum depositional age of 547.32 ± 0.31 Ma, this represents the oldest global occurrence of Swartpuntia and documents a unique style of preservation within the Nama Group. Lastly, the occurrence increases the taxonomic and ecological diversity preserved at Farm Aar, making Farm Aar one of the only locations to preserve all common forms of Erniettomorph taxa.
{"title":"New Swartpuntia occurrence found within the Aar Member","authors":"Brandt M. Gibson , Ingrid Stengel , Zakeus Nghishidulu , Peter R. Liberty , Ajani Bissick , Andrea Boscaini , Joshua H.F.L. Davies , Galen P. Halverson , Frederick J. Hilgen , Bianca Spiering , Patricia Vickers-Rich , Marc Laflamme","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gr.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new occurrence of <em>Swartpuntia germsi</em> is reported from Farm Aar near Aus in southern Namibia. It is preserved as incomplete part/counterpart in two dimensions, with a folded petaloid. Stratigraphically correlated to a minimum depositional age of 547.32 ± 0.31 Ma, this represents the oldest global occurrence of <em>Swartpuntia</em> and documents a unique style of preservation within the Nama Group. Lastly, the occurrence increases the taxonomic and ecological diversity preserved at Farm Aar, making Farm Aar one of the only locations to preserve all common forms of Erniettomorph taxa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 186-191"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.gr.2024.11.004
Yong Cao , Zhiming Sun , Zhenyu Yang , Haibing Li , Junling Pei , Xiaozhou Ye , Xinwen Cao , Bailing Wu , Chenguang Liu , Lei Zhang
The collision of India and Asia formed the Himalayas and caused the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. Greater India comprises the part of the Indian plate that was subducted beneath Asia and the Tethyan Himalaya. Quantitative constraints on the extent of Greater India are needed to study the process of the India-Asia collision. However, such constraints are lacking and the topic remains debated. We present paleomagnetic data from late Paleocene (∼58 Ma) mafic rocks from the western Tethyan Himalaya. The mean paleomagnetic direction is Ds/Is = 348.5°/+6.5° with k = 38.7 and a95 = 5.2°, which passed the fold, reversals, and paleosecular variation tests. The results define the paleolatitude of the Tethyan Himalaya as 3.3 ± 4.5°N at ∼ 58 Ma for the reference site of 29.9°N/83.3°E. A comparison of the Paleogene paleolatitudes of the Tethyan Himalaya shows that the terrane moved northward by 1540 ± 290 km between ∼ 60 Ma and ∼ 50 Ma, with a rate of movement of 15.4 ± 2 cm/yr. The new paleomagnetic result confirms that the extent of Greater India was 1130 ± 400 km and was essentially uniform from east to west. This finding implies that the collision between India and Asia was nearly be quasi-synchronous from the middle-eastern to western segments along the Indus-Tsangpo suture zone.
{"title":"Constraining the extent of Greater India: New late Paleocene paleomagnetic data from the Tethyan Himalaya, Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Yong Cao , Zhiming Sun , Zhenyu Yang , Haibing Li , Junling Pei , Xiaozhou Ye , Xinwen Cao , Bailing Wu , Chenguang Liu , Lei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2024.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gr.2024.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The collision of India and Asia formed the Himalayas and caused the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. Greater India comprises the part of the Indian plate that was subducted beneath Asia and the Tethyan Himalaya. Quantitative constraints on the extent of Greater India are needed to study the process of the India-Asia collision. However, such constraints are lacking and the topic remains debated. We present paleomagnetic data from late Paleocene (∼58 Ma) mafic rocks from the western Tethyan Himalaya. The mean paleomagnetic direction is <em>Ds</em>/<em>Is</em> = 348.5°/+6.5° with <em>k</em> = 38.7 and <em>a<sub>95</sub></em> = 5.2°, which passed the fold, reversals, and paleosecular variation tests. The results define the paleolatitude of the Tethyan Himalaya as 3.3 ± 4.5°N at ∼ 58 Ma for the reference site of 29.9°N/83.3°E. A comparison of the Paleogene paleolatitudes of the Tethyan Himalaya shows that the terrane moved northward by 1540 ± 290 km between ∼ 60 Ma and ∼ 50 Ma, with a rate of movement of 15.4 ± 2 cm/yr. The new paleomagnetic result confirms that the extent of Greater India was 1130 ± 400 km and was essentially uniform from east to west. This finding implies that the collision between India and Asia was nearly be quasi-synchronous from the middle-eastern to western segments along the Indus-Tsangpo suture zone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 128-138"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.gr.2024.11.003
Zhiheng Ma , James C. Lamsdell , Maxwell Wang , Jingwen Chen , Paul A. Selden , Ben He
This paper describes a new stylonurine eurypterid: Qujingopterus spineus gen. et sp. nov., from the Early Devonian (late Lochkovian to early Pragian) Xitun formation of Yunnan Province, South China. This discovery represents one of the earliest stylonurine records from Gondwana and further supports the global distribution of stylonurines. Considering the probable region of origin of the clade and and their lack of anatomical structures adapted for swimming, we propose that stylonurines migrated to Gondwana as the Rheic Ocean dwindled while Gondwana rapidly approached Laurussia. An additional specimen from this locality is described, and can be assigned to the eurypterine family Pterygotidae. Based on the environmental analysis, it can be inferred that the eurypterids from South China underwent adaptations to cope with decreasing salinity levels. This discovery provides valuable insights into the timing and mechanisms underlying eurypterid invasion into freshwater ecosystems.
本文描述了中国云南西屯早泥盆世（晚泥盆世至早泥盆世）地层中发现的一种新的stylonurine eurypterid：Qujingopterus spineus gen. et sp.这一发现代表了冈瓦纳最早的石龙子记录之一，进一步证实了石龙子的全球分布。考虑到该支系可能的起源地区，以及它们缺乏适应游泳的解剖结构，我们认为，当冈瓦纳迅速接近劳鲁西亚时，莱茵洋逐渐缩小，斯泰隆人迁移到了冈瓦纳。我们还描述了该地点的另一个标本，该标本可归属于翼龙科（Pterygotidae）。根据环境分析，可以推断华南地区的极龙类经历了适应盐度下降的过程。这一发现为了解极翅目昆虫入侵淡水生态系统的时间和机制提供了宝贵的信息。
{"title":"Early Devonian stylonurine eurypterids from northern Gondwana: Late Lochkovian to early Pragian records from South China","authors":"Zhiheng Ma , James C. Lamsdell , Maxwell Wang , Jingwen Chen , Paul A. Selden , Ben He","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gr.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper describes a new stylonurine eurypterid: <em>Qujingopterus spineus</em> gen. et sp. nov., from the Early Devonian (late Lochkovian to early Pragian) Xitun formation of Yunnan Province, South China. This discovery represents one of the earliest stylonurine records from Gondwana and further supports the global distribution of stylonurines. Considering the probable region of origin of the clade and and their lack of anatomical structures adapted for swimming, we propose that stylonurines migrated to Gondwana as the Rheic Ocean dwindled while Gondwana rapidly approached Laurussia. An additional specimen from this locality is described, and can be assigned to the eurypterine family Pterygotidae. Based on the environmental analysis, it can be inferred that the eurypterids from South China underwent adaptations to cope with decreasing salinity levels. This discovery provides valuable insights into the timing and mechanisms underlying eurypterid invasion into freshwater ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 118-127"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-08DOI: 10.1016/j.gr.2024.10.014
Ugur Korkut Pata , Kamel Si Mohammed , Cheloufi Omeyr , Selin Karlilar Pata , Hind Alofaysan , Mustafa Tevfik Kartal
With the evolving world order, countries are using financial technologies (Fintech) to access financial resources more effectively, and Fintech can have an impact on the environment. This study aims to investigate the influence of Fintech on ecological sustainability, focusing on the contribution of renewable energy (RE) and government effectiveness (GE) under the Load Capacity Curve (LCC). This research analyzes data from 69 middle-income economies between 2006 and 2022 using the dynamic panel threshold model (DPTR). The outcomes document that GDP reduces the LCF below a certain threshold, but a positive impact above this threshold. Specifically, the model yielded a threshold value of $US 5222.234, which is higher than the average GDP of $US 4276.802. This finding suggests a U-shaped relationship between GDP and LCF, which supports the LCC hypothesis. The outcome also reports that Fintech plays a crucial role in improving ecological sustainability, while government effectiveness has a negative effect. The study emphasizes that middle-income countries should support Fintech and renewable energy along development with economic progress to improve ecological quality.
{"title":"Scrutinizing the load capacity curve for a global perspective: The role of Fintech, government effectiveness and renewable energy","authors":"Ugur Korkut Pata , Kamel Si Mohammed , Cheloufi Omeyr , Selin Karlilar Pata , Hind Alofaysan , Mustafa Tevfik Kartal","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2024.10.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gr.2024.10.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the evolving world order, countries are using financial technologies (Fintech) to access financial resources more effectively, and Fintech can have an impact on the environment. This study aims to investigate the influence of Fintech on ecological sustainability, focusing on the contribution of renewable energy (RE) and government effectiveness (GE) under the Load Capacity Curve (LCC). This research analyzes data from 69 middle-income economies between 2006 and 2022 using the dynamic panel threshold model (DPTR). The outcomes document that GDP reduces the LCF below a certain threshold, but a positive impact above this threshold. Specifically, the model yielded a threshold value of $US 5222.234, which is higher than the average GDP of $US 4276.802. This finding suggests a U-shaped relationship between GDP and LCF, which supports the LCC hypothesis. The outcome also reports that Fintech plays a crucial role in improving ecological sustainability, while government effectiveness has a negative effect. The study emphasizes that middle-income countries should support Fintech and renewable energy along development with economic progress to improve ecological quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 104-117"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-08DOI: 10.1016/j.gr.2024.10.013
V. Regard , S. Carretier , J.-S. Moquet , S. Choy , P.-H. Blard , S. Bogning , A.P. Mbonda , E. Mambela , M.C. Paiz , M. Séranne , J. Charreau , D. Rouby , J. Bouchez , J. Gaillardet , J.-J. Braun , Y. Denèle
We measured the long-term physical denudation of the Ogooué River catchment using 10Be produced in situ by cosmic rays. These measurements are averaged over 25–200 ka (average 40 ka), depending on the physical denudation rate. The denudation rate of the Ogooué River catchment is slow (38 t/km2/a, 15 m/Ma), slightly higher than in Equatorial West Africa (from Senegal to Angola, 26 t/km2/a, 10 m/Ma). Physical denudation and chemical weathering fall within the same order of magnitude. Thus, although low, there is substantial chemical weathering compared to physical denudation, that likely contributes over 30 % of the total denudation.
Denudation rates are spatially variable (from 10 to 60 t/km2/a) within the large Ogooué River catchment. Over the long term, physical denudation and chemical weathering roughly match, except in the Batéké Plateaux area, because the plateaus are made up of already weathered detrital material and therefore their modern flux of solutes is very low (∼9.5 t/km2/a). The spatial distribution is similar to the one described in the work of Moquet et al. (2021) on the basis of solute fluxes, i.e. the southern part of the catchment is denuding twice as fast as the northern part. We show here that the whole picture did not vary much since 100 ka, as shown by both methods which give consistent results. Faster denudation in the southern part of the catchment may be related to more uplift than in the northern part caused by the southern African “superswell”.
{"title":"Contrasting physical erosion rates in cratonic catchments: The Ogooué and Mbei rivers, Western Central Africa","authors":"V. Regard , S. Carretier , J.-S. Moquet , S. Choy , P.-H. Blard , S. Bogning , A.P. Mbonda , E. Mambela , M.C. Paiz , M. Séranne , J. Charreau , D. Rouby , J. Bouchez , J. Gaillardet , J.-J. Braun , Y. Denèle","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2024.10.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gr.2024.10.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We measured the long-term physical denudation of the Ogooué River catchment using <sup>10</sup>Be produced in situ by cosmic rays. These measurements are averaged over 25–200 ka (average 40 ka), depending on the physical denudation rate. The denudation rate of the Ogooué River catchment is slow (38 t/km<sup>2</sup>/a, 15<!--> <!-->m/Ma), slightly higher than in Equatorial West Africa (from Senegal to Angola, 26 t/km<sup>2</sup>/a, 10<!--> <!-->m/Ma). Physical denudation and chemical weathering fall within the same order of magnitude. Thus, although low, there is substantial chemical weathering compared to physical denudation, that likely contributes over 30 % of the total denudation.</div><div>Denudation rates are spatially variable (from 10 to 60 t/km<sup>2</sup>/a) within the large Ogooué River catchment. Over the long term, physical denudation and chemical weathering roughly match, except in the Batéké Plateaux area, because the plateaus are made up of already weathered detrital material and therefore their modern flux of solutes is very low (∼9.5 t/km<sup>2</sup>/a). The spatial distribution is similar to the one described in the work of <span><span>Moquet et al. (2021)</span></span> on the basis of solute fluxes, i.e. the southern part of the catchment is denuding twice as fast as the northern part. We show here that the whole picture did not vary much since 100 ka, as shown by both methods which give consistent results. Faster denudation in the southern part of the catchment may be related to more uplift than in the northern part caused by the southern African “superswell”.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 192-209"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-07DOI: 10.1016/j.gr.2024.11.001
Alanielson Ferreira , Gary Stevens , Elton L. Dantas , Reinhardt A. Fuck , Ticiano J.S. dos Santos
The high-pressure followed by high-temperature metamorphism related to the evolution of collisional orogens is the expected Pressure-Temperature-time (P-T-t) path for modern-style plate tectonics. However, these P-T-t paths are rarely preserved even in Phanerozoic orogens. In this matter, the Campo Grande migmatite-gneiss area presents an exhumed Archean crust with heterogeneous retrograde eclogites overprinted by amphibolite-facies in NE Brazil. Retrogressed eclogites in the area core are formed by Mn-rich garnet + clinopyroxene porphyroblasts layer with a minor amphibole + quartz + titanite assemblage, whereas the margins display dismembered lenses of Mg-rich garnet porphyroblasts with plagioclase + amphibole coronae and clinopyroxene + plagioclase + ortopyroxene sympleticte mainly within shear zones. Phase equilibria modelling reveals that these distinct retro-eclogites record similar eclogite conditions (up to 18 kbar and 660 ± 20 °C). Mn-rich eclogites display widespread magmatic zoned zircon grains from Mesoarchean to Paleoproterozoic and recrystallized metamorphic grains of 607.7 ± 5.4 Ma. Zircon from Mg-rich eclogites crystallized at 2.67 Ga and overgrowth rims formed at 2.0 Ga and 590.1 ± 1.8 Ma. REE in zircon lack Eu anomaly, displaying flat HREE patterns in 590.1 ± 1.8 Ma Neoproterozoic grains indicate recrystallization under eclogite-facies conditions. In situ U-Pb titanite dating yielded two younger age sets at 574.7 ± 0.5 and 562.8 ± 2.1 Ma. Lastly, in situ U-Pb dating of rutile inclusions in garnet cores present ages of 606.1 ± 4.0 Ma, whereas rutile included in retrograde coronae and sympleticte yielded concordant ages from 559.0 ± 2.3 to 523.2 ± 1.9 Ma. Thus, combined phase equilibria modelling and U-Pb ages reveal a progressive change in metamorphic conditions from eclogite conditions (at least 607.7 ± 5.4 to 590 ± 1.8 Ma; zircon dating and rutile ages included in eclogite garnet) to nearly isothermal decompression (574.7 ± 0.5 Ma; titanite age) of ancient Archean deep crust, which was followed by suggested final exhumation and metamorphic cooling at shallower crustal levels between 559.0 ± 2.3 and 523.2 ± 1.9 Ma (rutile age in retrogressed assemblage). Therefore, the high-pressure conditions followed by decompression and metamorphic cooling during sin- to post-collisional settings were associated with the final assembly of West Gondwana.
与碰撞造山运动演化有关的先高压后高温的变质作用是现代板块构造的预期压力-温度-时间（P-T-t）路径。然而，即使在新生代造山运动中也很少保留这些 P-T-t 路径。在这一问题上，巴西东北部的坎普格兰德伟晶岩-片麻岩地区展示了一个被阿新世地壳挤压的地壳，其上覆盖着闪长岩岩相的异质逆冲闪长岩。该地区核心的逆冲闪长岩由富锰石榴石+霞石斑岩层与少量闪石+石英+榍石组合形成，而边缘则主要在剪切带内显示富镁石榴石斑岩与斜长石+闪石冠层和霞石+斜长石+正长石共生的肢解透镜体。相平衡模型显示，这些不同的后斜长岩记录了相似的蚀变条件（高达 18 千巴和 660 ± 20 °C）。富锰斜长岩显示了从中生代到古近代的广泛岩浆带状锆石颗粒，以及 607.7 ± 5.4 Ma 的重结晶变质岩颗粒。富镁蚀变岩中的锆石在 2.67 Ga 时结晶，在 2.0 Ga 和 590.1 ± 1.8 Ma 时形成过生缘。锆石中的 REE 缺乏 Eu 异常，在 590.1 ± 1.8 Ma 新元古代的晶粒中显示扁平的 HREE 模式，表明是在埃克洛辉石时代的条件下重结晶的。原位铀-铅榍石年代测定得出了两个较年轻的年龄组，分别为 574.7 ± 0.5 Ma 和 562.8 ± 2.1 Ma。最后，对石榴石岩芯中的金红石包裹体进行原位 U-Pb 测定，得出的年龄为 606.1 ± 4.0 Ma，而逆行冠岩和共生岩中的金红石则得出了 559.0 ± 2.3 至 523.2 ± 1.9 Ma 的一致年龄。因此，结合相平衡模型和 U-Pb 年龄可以看出，变质条件从斜长岩条件（至少 607.7 ± 5.4 至 590 ± 1.8 Ma；锆石测年和斜长岩石榴石中的金红石年龄）逐步变化到近乎等温减压条件（574.7 ± 0.5 Ma；钛铁矿测年和金红石年龄）。其后，在 559.0 ± 2.3 至 523.2 ± 1.9 Ma 之间的较浅地壳水平上发生了最后的掘起和变质冷却（逆冲组中的金红石年龄）。因此，在撞击前至撞击后的高压条件下，减压和变质冷却与西冈瓦纳的最终组装有关。
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