Highly stretchable devices have garnered interest in medical devices and sports equipment due to their ability to capture physiological data. This letter introduces a paper-based highly stretchable corrugated sensor fabricated through inkjet printing. For the fabrication, we used our paper self-folding technique. This technique utilizes the reaction between the paper and the solution to automatically form the origami structure without external energy. This technology imparts elasticity and rigidity to the paper material and enhances its stretchability, repeatability, and motion-tracking ability. The sensor is paper-based, disposable, lightweight, and economical. The sensor demonstrated practical sensitivity and extraordinary stretchability (up to 1507%), coupled with repeat stability of over 1000 cycles, making it an ideal solution for applications requiring durable and reliable monitoring under extreme mechanical conditions. In the final test, the sensor was attached to the body to monitor knee motions and abdominal breathing, showcasing its utility as a wearable biomonitoring device.
{"title":"Origami-Inspired Corrugated Stretchable Sensor Fabricated by Inkjet Printing","authors":"Takuma Harada;Yuki Fukatsu;Naoya Waragai;Ryosuke Tsumura;Hiroki Shigemune","doi":"10.1109/LSENS.2024.3506997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSENS.2024.3506997","url":null,"abstract":"Highly stretchable devices have garnered interest in medical devices and sports equipment due to their ability to capture physiological data. This letter introduces a paper-based highly stretchable corrugated sensor fabricated through inkjet printing. For the fabrication, we used our paper self-folding technique. This technique utilizes the reaction between the paper and the solution to automatically form the origami structure without external energy. This technology imparts elasticity and rigidity to the paper material and enhances its stretchability, repeatability, and motion-tracking ability. The sensor is paper-based, disposable, lightweight, and economical. The sensor demonstrated practical sensitivity and extraordinary stretchability (up to 1507%), coupled with repeat stability of over 1000 cycles, making it an ideal solution for applications requiring durable and reliable monitoring under extreme mechanical conditions. In the final test, the sensor was attached to the body to monitor knee motions and abdominal breathing, showcasing its utility as a wearable biomonitoring device.","PeriodicalId":13014,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Letters","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10768955","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142821256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The growing demand for precise healthcare monitoring has fueled advancements in humidity sensor technology, which is crucial for applications in meteorology, environmental monitoring, industrial control, agriculture, and biomedical devices. In the biomedical realm, humidity sensors play a vital role in point-of-care testing devices for detecting respiratory conditions, such as bronchitis, asthma, and pneumonia. This study presents a two-terminal metal–insulator–metal (MIM) device utilizing a composite of chicken egg albumin and tungsten trioxide (WO 3 ) as the active hygroscopic film, with aluminum and copper as the bottom and top electrodes, respectively. Albumin, a biocompatible and hydrophilic protein, efficiently absorbs moisture, while WO 3 nanoparticles, known for their excellent electrical conductivity, enhance the device's sensitivity to humidity changes. Experimental results demonstrate that increasing the WO 3 content in the composite film from 0% to 50% significantly improves the sensor's performance. Specifically, the maximum current response to humidity increased up to 15 times for pure albumin, 17.3 times for the albumin–WO 3 (25%) nanocomposite, and 21 times for the albumin–WO 3 (50%) nanocomposite, as the relative humidity varied from 20% to 95%. This work highlights the potential of albumin–WO 3 composites for diverse applications in environmental monitoring, healthcare, and industrial processes.
{"title":"A Metal–Insulator–Metal Humidity Sensor Using Albumin–WO3 Composites for Enhanced Responses","authors":"Abhirup Das;Suranjan Giri;Riya Sadhukhan;Arnab Ghosh;Sumita Santra;Dipak Kumar Goswami","doi":"10.1109/LSENS.2024.3498605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSENS.2024.3498605","url":null,"abstract":"The growing demand for precise healthcare monitoring has fueled advancements in humidity sensor technology, which is crucial for applications in meteorology, environmental monitoring, industrial control, agriculture, and biomedical devices. In the biomedical realm, humidity sensors play a vital role in point-of-care testing devices for detecting respiratory conditions, such as bronchitis, asthma, and pneumonia. This study presents a two-terminal metal–insulator–metal (MIM) device utilizing a composite of chicken egg albumin and tungsten trioxide (WO\u0000<sub>3</sub>\u0000) as the active hygroscopic film, with aluminum and copper as the bottom and top electrodes, respectively. Albumin, a biocompatible and hydrophilic protein, efficiently absorbs moisture, while WO\u0000<sub>3</sub>\u0000 nanoparticles, known for their excellent electrical conductivity, enhance the device's sensitivity to humidity changes. Experimental results demonstrate that increasing the WO\u0000<sub>3</sub>\u0000 content in the composite film from 0% to 50% significantly improves the sensor's performance. Specifically, the maximum current response to humidity increased up to 15 times for pure albumin, 17.3 times for the albumin–WO\u0000<sub>3</sub>\u0000 (25%) nanocomposite, and 21 times for the albumin–WO\u0000<sub>3</sub>\u0000 (50%) nanocomposite, as the relative humidity varied from 20% to 95%. This work highlights the potential of albumin–WO\u0000<sub>3</sub>\u0000 composites for diverse applications in environmental monitoring, healthcare, and industrial processes.","PeriodicalId":13014,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Letters","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142858982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-25DOI: 10.1109/LSENS.2024.3504551
Pradeep Kumar Gupta;Jordi-Roger Riba Ruiz;Pau Casals-Torrens;Jordi Talens i Garvín;Kaur Tuttelberg;Jako Kilter
Corona discharge testing is critical to ensuring the safety, performance and reliability of high-voltage (HV) equipment and systems. Due to the high cost of shielded laboratories, many manufacturers test their components in unshielded laboratories for applications, such as product research and development or quality control. This letter compares the sensitivity of two corona detection instruments in an unshielded laboratory. The sensitivity of an electrical detector according to IEC 60270 in combination with a measuring impedance and a coupling capacitor is compared with that of a digital single lens reflex (DSLR) camera. In addition, needle-to-plane and sphere-to-plane electrode geometries are studied under different types of high-voltage power supplies, i.e., 50 Hz ac, positive dc, and negative dc. Experimental results performed in an unshielded high-voltage laboratory show that although the DSLR camera is not a standard method for partial discharge (PD) detection, it has similar sensitivity to the conventional electrical method according to IEC 60270 in all cases analyzed, and that the digital camera behaves much better in pulseless glow corona mode.
{"title":"Sensitivity Analysis of Corona Discharges Measuring Instruments Using Different Electrodes and High Voltage Supplies","authors":"Pradeep Kumar Gupta;Jordi-Roger Riba Ruiz;Pau Casals-Torrens;Jordi Talens i Garvín;Kaur Tuttelberg;Jako Kilter","doi":"10.1109/LSENS.2024.3504551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSENS.2024.3504551","url":null,"abstract":"Corona discharge testing is critical to ensuring the safety, performance and reliability of high-voltage (HV) equipment and systems. Due to the high cost of shielded laboratories, many manufacturers test their components in unshielded laboratories for applications, such as product research and development or quality control. This letter compares the sensitivity of two corona detection instruments in an unshielded laboratory. The sensitivity of an electrical detector according to IEC 60270 in combination with a measuring impedance and a coupling capacitor is compared with that of a digital single lens reflex (DSLR) camera. In addition, needle-to-plane and sphere-to-plane electrode geometries are studied under different types of high-voltage power supplies, i.e., 50 Hz ac, positive dc, and negative dc. Experimental results performed in an unshielded high-voltage laboratory show that although the DSLR camera is not a standard method for partial discharge (PD) detection, it has similar sensitivity to the conventional electrical method according to IEC 60270 in all cases analyzed, and that the digital camera behaves much better in pulseless glow corona mode.","PeriodicalId":13014,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Letters","volume":"8 12","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
While current Internet of Things (IoT) deployment is ready to cover most cases of digital industries, there are still some lacks in critical applications where high temperature, cost-effective, and battery-less sensors could enhance the manufacture process. In this letter, we propose the use of a standard ultra high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) battery-less sensor for measuring high temperatures in industrial settings. To achieve this, we modify the thermal properties of a commercial tag using a rubber enclosure and thermal tape. We then develop a physical thermal model of the encapsulated tag to predict the external temperature using the tag's temperature readout. Two applications of the model and two approaches for measurement range enlargement are presented and compared, proving that this could be a powerful way to address high temperature applications in a fast and cost-effective manner.
{"title":"Extending Temperature Range of UHF RFID Sensors for Industrial Applications","authors":"Andrés Seré;Mohammed Alsultan;Leonardo Steinfeld;Pablo Pérez-Nicoli;Xavier Vilajosana;Joan Melià-Seguí","doi":"10.1109/LSENS.2024.3506514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSENS.2024.3506514","url":null,"abstract":"While current Internet of Things (IoT) deployment is ready to cover most cases of digital industries, there are still some lacks in critical applications where high temperature, cost-effective, and battery-less sensors could enhance the manufacture process. In this letter, we propose the use of a standard ultra high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) battery-less sensor for measuring high temperatures in industrial settings. To achieve this, we modify the thermal properties of a commercial tag using a rubber enclosure and thermal tape. We then develop a physical thermal model of the encapsulated tag to predict the external temperature using the tag's temperature readout. Two applications of the model and two approaches for measurement range enlargement are presented and compared, proving that this could be a powerful way to address high temperature applications in a fast and cost-effective manner.","PeriodicalId":13014,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Letters","volume":"8 12","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-25DOI: 10.1109/LSENS.2024.3506160
Parvathy Nair;Varun Vikram Santurkar;Khairunnisa Amreen;Ponnalagu R N;Sanket Goel
Triglyceride (TG) testing aids in determining the likelihood of heart disease development. An elevated TG level increases the risk of heart attack and stroke by causing atherosclerosis. Point-of-care TG detection not only identifies these risks earlier but also enables user-friendly, cost-effective onsite usage. Thus, in this work, for the detection of TG, an electrochemical biosensor has been developed with a primary focus on portability and affordability. The sensor consists of an electrochemical cell fabricated with screen-printed carbon electrodes printed on commercially available overhead projector sheets. The detection approach is enzymatic, with lipase acting as the primary detector, immobilized on an Au/CeO 2 -modified working electrode. The current generated during the enzymatic reaction between the immobilized lipase and TG sample is proportional to the sample concentration. The electrochemical technique, cyclic voltammetry (CV), is used to quantify the amount of TG. The sensor is fabricated and tested with a solution of glyceryl tributyrate at a concentration range of 0.2 to 10 mM without the need for sample pretreatment. A portable potentiostat is utilized to perform the electrochemical characterization of the fabricated device. The calculated limit of detection and limit of quantification of TG are 0.25 and 0.76 mM, respectively. The proposed design is compact, easy to fabricate, and highly portable, showing great potential for continuous point-of-care monitoring of human TG levels.
{"title":"Gold/Cerium(IV) Oxide-Modified Flexible Electrodes for Enzymatic Detection of Triglyceride","authors":"Parvathy Nair;Varun Vikram Santurkar;Khairunnisa Amreen;Ponnalagu R N;Sanket Goel","doi":"10.1109/LSENS.2024.3506160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSENS.2024.3506160","url":null,"abstract":"Triglyceride (TG) testing aids in determining the likelihood of heart disease development. An elevated TG level increases the risk of heart attack and stroke by causing atherosclerosis. Point-of-care TG detection not only identifies these risks earlier but also enables user-friendly, cost-effective onsite usage. Thus, in this work, for the detection of TG, an electrochemical biosensor has been developed with a primary focus on portability and affordability. The sensor consists of an electrochemical cell fabricated with screen-printed carbon electrodes printed on commercially available overhead projector sheets. The detection approach is enzymatic, with lipase acting as the primary detector, immobilized on an Au/CeO\u0000<sup>2</sup>\u0000-modified working electrode. The current generated during the enzymatic reaction between the immobilized lipase and TG sample is proportional to the sample concentration. The electrochemical technique, cyclic voltammetry (CV), is used to quantify the amount of TG. The sensor is fabricated and tested with a solution of glyceryl tributyrate at a concentration range of 0.2 to 10 mM without the need for sample pretreatment. A portable potentiostat is utilized to perform the electrochemical characterization of the fabricated device. The calculated limit of detection and limit of quantification of TG are 0.25 and 0.76 mM, respectively. The proposed design is compact, easy to fabricate, and highly portable, showing great potential for continuous point-of-care monitoring of human TG levels.","PeriodicalId":13014,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Letters","volume":"8 12","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The rise of single-use electronics for fast health screening has prompted a reevaluation of traditional materials and manufacturing techniques to address the growing issue of electronic waste (e-waste). Inexpensive self-monitoring devices provide valuable insights into the body's essential metabolic functions. They can measure outrange values in key diseases, e.g., hyper- or hypoglycemia in diabetes. Currently, the prevalent use of nondegradable substrates and toxic metals in glycemia tests significantly contributes to plastic waste and e-waste. In this work, we propose an affordable and environmentally friendly glucose monitoring device printed on a bio-based and biocompatible substrate made of agar derived from red algae. The electrodes for the enzymatic electrochemical detection of glucose are composed of a carbon-based material, while the biorecognition element comprises of the enzyme glucose oxidase coupled with an electron mediator. The device demonstrated the electrochemical detection of physiological levels of glucose in the linear detection range of 1–15 mM, sufficient for accurately monitoring glucose level in patients’ blood. In addition, this glucose sensor exhibits a low interference from other electroactive species usually present in human tissues, including blood. This all-carbon electrode sensor manufactured on our bio-sourced substrate aids the development of the next generation, metal-free, eco-friendly devices for healthcare monitoring.
{"title":"Glucose Sensor Printed on Algae-Based Substrates for Eco-Conscious Point-of-Care Devices","authors":"Emily Bezerra Alexandre;Tutku Beduk;Sabine Lengger;Mani Teja Vijjapu;Sandro Carrara;Jürgen Kosel","doi":"10.1109/LSENS.2024.3505959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSENS.2024.3505959","url":null,"abstract":"The rise of single-use electronics for fast health screening has prompted a reevaluation of traditional materials and manufacturing techniques to address the growing issue of electronic waste (e-waste). Inexpensive self-monitoring devices provide valuable insights into the body's essential metabolic functions. They can measure outrange values in key diseases, e.g., hyper- or hypoglycemia in diabetes. Currently, the prevalent use of nondegradable substrates and toxic metals in glycemia tests significantly contributes to plastic waste and e-waste. In this work, we propose an affordable and environmentally friendly glucose monitoring device printed on a bio-based and biocompatible substrate made of agar derived from red algae. The electrodes for the enzymatic electrochemical detection of glucose are composed of a carbon-based material, while the biorecognition element comprises of the enzyme glucose oxidase coupled with an electron mediator. The device demonstrated the electrochemical detection of physiological levels of glucose in the linear detection range of 1–15 mM, sufficient for accurately monitoring glucose level in patients’ blood. In addition, this glucose sensor exhibits a low interference from other electroactive species usually present in human tissues, including blood. This all-carbon electrode sensor manufactured on our bio-sourced substrate aids the development of the next generation, metal-free, eco-friendly devices for healthcare monitoring.","PeriodicalId":13014,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Letters","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10767390","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-25DOI: 10.1109/LSENS.2024.3505914
Raushan Kumar Singh;Sudeepta Mishra
In modern warfare and law enforcement, the Internet of Battlefield Things (IoBT) has emerged as a crucial technology, offering a paradigm shift in soldier and security personnel safety and threat mitigation. This letter proposes and investigates the development of a groundbreaking system: the electromagnetic (EM) defender glove, aimed at real-time protection against various threats encountered by soldiers, police, and security professionals. Integrating sensors, microcontrollers, and wireless technology, this battery-operated wearable device presents a comprehensive solution to safeguard soldiers, police officers, and security personnel from arms and ammunition misuse and hostile encounters. This novel apparatus utilizes the ability to wirelessly lock/unlock ammunition triggers, incapacitate militants, terrorists, or violent offenders with a potent stun function during one-to-one combat, and disrupt hazardous electronics through electromagnetic pulses. Leveraging long-range Bluetooth low energy, compact yet powerful microcontrollers, and integrated onboard recharging units within the wearable hand glove optimally suits it for practical applications in both battlefield and law enforcement scenarios. Through rigorous design and testing, this study demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed system across various operational environments. The results underscore the significant potential of the EM defender glove in enhancing safety and operational effectiveness in both warfare and policing scenarios.
{"title":"EM Trigger Defender Glove: A Next-Gen IoBT Solution for Soldier Protection","authors":"Raushan Kumar Singh;Sudeepta Mishra","doi":"10.1109/LSENS.2024.3505914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSENS.2024.3505914","url":null,"abstract":"In modern warfare and law enforcement, the Internet of Battlefield Things (IoBT) has emerged as a crucial technology, offering a paradigm shift in soldier and security personnel safety and threat mitigation. This letter proposes and investigates the development of a groundbreaking system: the electromagnetic (EM) defender glove, aimed at real-time protection against various threats encountered by soldiers, police, and security professionals. Integrating sensors, microcontrollers, and wireless technology, this battery-operated wearable device presents a comprehensive solution to safeguard soldiers, police officers, and security personnel from arms and ammunition misuse and hostile encounters. This novel apparatus utilizes the ability to wirelessly lock/unlock ammunition triggers, incapacitate militants, terrorists, or violent offenders with a potent stun function during one-to-one combat, and disrupt hazardous electronics through electromagnetic pulses. Leveraging long-range Bluetooth low energy, compact yet powerful microcontrollers, and integrated onboard recharging units within the wearable hand glove optimally suits it for practical applications in both battlefield and law enforcement scenarios. Through rigorous design and testing, this study demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed system across various operational environments. The results underscore the significant potential of the EM defender glove in enhancing safety and operational effectiveness in both warfare and policing scenarios.","PeriodicalId":13014,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Letters","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-22DOI: 10.1109/LSENS.2024.3505273
Tutku Beduk;Lukas Rauter;Mani T. Vijjapu;Manoj Jose;Johanna Zikulnig;Jürgen Kosel
The detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as acetone is critical in clinical diagnostics and environmental monitoring. Acetone is a key biomarker for several medical conditions, most notably diabetes, and is widely used as an industrial solvent. It is present in many household products, leading to environmental exposure. In this study, we introduce a fully printed electrochemical gas sensor fabricated using screen printing technology on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate substrate, employing poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) as the conductive polymer and potassium chloride (KCl) as the supporting electrolyte. This configuration leverages the high conductivity and environmental stability of PEDOT:PSS enhanced by the ionic conductivity of KCl to achieve a sensitivity of 0.94 ppm within a linear detection range from 0 to 26 ppm for acetone vapor. The screen-printing technique provides a reproducible and scalable method for sensor fabrication, offering a practical solution for deploying low-cost, flexible, and portable devices. The resulting sensor demonstrates excellent potential for integration into wearable devices for real-time health monitoring and portable units for field testing, providing a significant advancement in the application of flexible electronics to VOC detection. In addition, additive manufacturing allows for consistent layering and scalable production with low waste generation in gas sensor production.
{"title":"Printed PEDOT:PSS and KCl-Based Electrochemical Gas Sensor for Acetone Detection","authors":"Tutku Beduk;Lukas Rauter;Mani T. Vijjapu;Manoj Jose;Johanna Zikulnig;Jürgen Kosel","doi":"10.1109/LSENS.2024.3505273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSENS.2024.3505273","url":null,"abstract":"The detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as acetone is critical in clinical diagnostics and environmental monitoring. Acetone is a key biomarker for several medical conditions, most notably diabetes, and is widely used as an industrial solvent. It is present in many household products, leading to environmental exposure. In this study, we introduce a fully printed electrochemical gas sensor fabricated using screen printing technology on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate substrate, employing poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) as the conductive polymer and potassium chloride (KCl) as the supporting electrolyte. This configuration leverages the high conductivity and environmental stability of PEDOT:PSS enhanced by the ionic conductivity of KCl to achieve a sensitivity of 0.94 ppm within a linear detection range from 0 to 26 ppm for acetone vapor. The screen-printing technique provides a reproducible and scalable method for sensor fabrication, offering a practical solution for deploying low-cost, flexible, and portable devices. The resulting sensor demonstrates excellent potential for integration into wearable devices for real-time health monitoring and portable units for field testing, providing a significant advancement in the application of flexible electronics to VOC detection. In addition, additive manufacturing allows for consistent layering and scalable production with low waste generation in gas sensor production.","PeriodicalId":13014,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Letters","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Considering motion comfort is crucial in the design of both daily and sports pants. However, conventional technologies such as cloth pressure sensors and motion capture systems often need help to accurately sense and evaluate the impact of pants on daily movement. To address this issue, this study explores the use of radar to measure motion information related to ease of movement, aiming to develop a method for evaluating the motion comfort of pants. Doppler radar was utilized to measure and evaluate the differences in motion while ascending a step, with participants wearing either trekking pants or denim pants, which are known to differ in terms of movement ease. Velocity and acceleration parameters were extracted from the Doppler radar data. The results indicated that the peak velocity of leg movement was significantly higher when participants wore denim pants compared to trekking pants. Conversely, the peak velocity of head movement did not show a clear difference between the two types of pants. In addition, statistical differences in leg velocity were significantly correlated with knee and thigh circumference measurements of the participants. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of using radar-based methods to evaluate motion comfortability related to different types of pants.
{"title":"Feasibility Study of Radar-Based Sensing of Motion Comfortability of Pants: Fundamental Experiments to Evaluate Motion Differences in Wearing Denim and Trekking Pants","authors":"Kenshi Saho;Toshiyuki Hoshiga;Naoyuki Takashima;Masaaki Iwata;Muneharu Inagaki","doi":"10.1109/LSENS.2024.3502780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSENS.2024.3502780","url":null,"abstract":"Considering motion comfort is crucial in the design of both daily and sports pants. However, conventional technologies such as cloth pressure sensors and motion capture systems often need help to accurately sense and evaluate the impact of pants on daily movement. To address this issue, this study explores the use of radar to measure motion information related to ease of movement, aiming to develop a method for evaluating the motion comfort of pants. Doppler radar was utilized to measure and evaluate the differences in motion while ascending a step, with participants wearing either trekking pants or denim pants, which are known to differ in terms of movement ease. Velocity and acceleration parameters were extracted from the Doppler radar data. The results indicated that the peak velocity of leg movement was significantly higher when participants wore denim pants compared to trekking pants. Conversely, the peak velocity of head movement did not show a clear difference between the two types of pants. In addition, statistical differences in leg velocity were significantly correlated with knee and thigh circumference measurements of the participants. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of using radar-based methods to evaluate motion comfortability related to different types of pants.","PeriodicalId":13014,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Letters","volume":"8 12","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142777698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) play an important role in the field of electrochemical sensors and have a significant impact on future ion detection. At present, to address the sensor consistency issue in the commercialization process of ISE, we emphasize that automated manufacturing has the potential to achieve calibration-free sensors. First, the design of automated manufacturing requires expert experience to help understand the ISE mechanism and its structure. Then, we introduce two automated manufacturing processes for sensors to help understand the design and manufacturing process. Finally, we propose a device for semiautomated manufacturing of ISE and verify that automated manufacturing of ISE has better consistency and potential reproducibility than manual manufacturing of ISE. The results show that for the transduction layer (conductive graphite adhesive) coated automatically in the same batch, the impedance difference is 4.8 KΩ, while that of the manual batch is 36.6 KΩ. In the performance of cyclic voltammetry, the gap of peak current is reduced from 21.5 to 4.8 μ A.
{"title":"A Method for Automated Manufacturing of Ion-Selective Electrodes","authors":"Jiawei Zhai;Bin Luo;Tianyang Liu;Xiaodong Wang;Chunjiang Zhao","doi":"10.1109/LSENS.2024.3503720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSENS.2024.3503720","url":null,"abstract":"Ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) play an important role in the field of electrochemical sensors and have a significant impact on future ion detection. At present, to address the sensor consistency issue in the commercialization process of ISE, we emphasize that automated manufacturing has the potential to achieve calibration-free sensors. First, the design of automated manufacturing requires expert experience to help understand the ISE mechanism and its structure. Then, we introduce two automated manufacturing processes for sensors to help understand the design and manufacturing process. Finally, we propose a device for semiautomated manufacturing of ISE and verify that automated manufacturing of ISE has better consistency and potential reproducibility than manual manufacturing of ISE. The results show that for the transduction layer (conductive graphite adhesive) coated automatically in the same batch, the impedance difference is 4.8 KΩ, while that of the manual batch is 36.6 KΩ. In the performance of cyclic voltammetry, the gap of peak current is reduced from 21.5 to 4.8 \u0000<italic>μ</i>\u0000A.","PeriodicalId":13014,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Letters","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142844425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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