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Multivariate Analysis and Optimization of the Relationship between Soil Nutrients and Berry Quality of Vitis vinifera cv. Cabernet Franc Vineyards in the Eastern Foothills of the Helan Mountains, China 中国贺兰山东麓品丽珠葡萄园土壤养分与浆果质量关系的多元分析与优化
IF 3.1 3区 农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2024-01-07 DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae10010061
Yashan Li, Jinnan Xiao, Yinfang Yan, Weiqiang Liu, Ping Cui, Chengdong Xu, L. Nan, Xu Liu
The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between soil nutrients and berry quality for the wine grape Vitis vinifera cv. Cabernet Franc in the eastern foothills of the Helan Mountains, and subsequently to optimize soil nutrient conditions for optimal berry quality, thus providing guidance for vineyard soil management. Based on the basic data on soil nutrients and berry quality indicators, a partial least squares regression method was used to screen for major soil nutrient factors affecting the grape quality index. Then, the selected soil nutrient factors were taken as independent variables and the corresponding grape quality indicators were taken as dependent variables and a multilinear regression equation was formulated by the method of multivariate linear regression. Finally, the optimal solution for fruit quality and soil nutrients was solved using linear programming equations. The results showed that there was a lack of total nitrogen, organic matter, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, and available phosphorus in the soil nutrients, and an alkaline soil. There is a significant positive correlation between some soil nutrient indices, and there is also a multivariate linearity problem. Among all berry quality indices, titratable acid, tannin, and anthocyanin were negatively correlated with eleven and ten soil indices, respectively, while other berry quality indices were positively correlated with most soil nutrient indices. The optimal parameters for grape quality were determined using the method of linear programming equations, and the corresponding soil nutrient indicators content were defined.
本研究旨在探讨贺兰山东麓地区酿酒葡萄品种品丽珠的土壤养分与浆果品质之间的关系,进而优化土壤养分条件以获得最佳浆果品质,为葡萄园土壤管理提供指导。根据土壤养分和浆果质量指标的基础数据,采用偏最小二乘法回归筛选出影响葡萄质量指标的主要土壤养分因子。然后,将筛选出的土壤养分因子作为自变量,相应的葡萄品质指标作为因变量,利用多元线性回归的方法建立了多元线性回归方程。最后,利用线性规划方程求解了果实质量和土壤养分的最优解。结果表明,土壤养分中缺乏全氮、有机质、硝态氮、铵态氮和可利用磷,土壤偏碱性。一些土壤养分指标之间存在明显的正相关性,同时还存在多元线性问题。在所有浆果质量指标中,可滴定酸、单宁和花青素分别与 11 项和 10 项土壤指标呈负相关,而其他浆果质量指标与大多数土壤养分指标呈正相关。利用线性规划方程的方法确定了葡萄品质的最优参数,并确定了相应的土壤养分指标含量。
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引用次数: 0
Whole-Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals That mRNA and ncRNA Levels Correlate with Pleurotus cornucopiae Color Formation 全转录组测序揭示了 mRNA 和 ncRNA 水平与褐藻颜色形成的关系
IF 3.1 3区 农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2024-01-07 DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae10010060
Yingjie Zhang, Chenyang Huang, Mengran Zhao, Guangyu Li, Zeyin Wu, Jie Zhang, Lijiao Zhang
Pleurotus cornucopiae cap color is an important commercial trait. The roles of non-coding RNA molecules (ncRNAs) in fungal fruiting body color formation are unclear. Whole-transcriptome analyses were performed, identifying messenger RNA (mRNA) and ncRNA (including long stranded non-coding RNA (lncRNA), micro RNA-like (milRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA)) molecules in three P. cornucopiae strains with different cap colors (grayish-black, grayish-white, and white), to investigate their roles in cap color formation. Differentially expressed mRNAs (n = 3604), lncRNAs (n = 520), milRNAs (n = 56), and circRNAs (n = 20) were identified among the three different color strains. Differentially expressed mRNAs and ncRNAs target genes were mainly involved in tyrosine, arachidonic acid, and histidine metabolism, plus other pathways potentially important in color formation. A competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network and three mRNA and ncRNA co-expression networks were constructed, revealing relationships contributing to cap color formation, involving genes with roles in protein phosphorylation, and phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis. qRT-PCR analysis confirmed that mRNA and ncRNA levels were related to P. cornucopiae color. These regulatory networks may be crucial in P. cornucopiae color formation. Our data provide a new perspective to support further study of the mechanisms underlying P. cornucopiae color formation.
蘑菇菌盖的颜色是一种重要的商业特征。非编码 RNA 分子(ncRNA)在真菌子实体颜色形成中的作用尚不清楚。研究人员对具有不同子实体颜色(灰黑色、灰白色和白色)的三个玉米赤霉菌品系进行了全转录组分析,鉴定了信使 RNA(mRNA)和 ncRNA(包括长链非编码 RNA(lncRNA)、类微 RNA(milRNA)和环状 RNA(circRNA))分子,以研究它们在子实体颜色形成中的作用。在三个不同颜色的菌株中鉴定了不同表达的 mRNAs(n = 3604)、lncRNAs(n = 520)、milRNAs(n = 56)和 circRNAs(n = 20)。差异表达的 mRNAs 和 ncRNAs 目标基因主要涉及酪氨酸、花生四烯酸和组氨酸代谢,以及其他可能对颜色形成很重要的途径。构建了一个竞争性内源 RNA(ceRNA)网络以及三个 mRNA 和 ncRNA 共表达网络,揭示了有助于蘑菇伞颜色形成的关系,其中涉及在蛋白质磷酸化以及苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成中发挥作用的基因。这些调控网络可能对玉米螟颜色的形成至关重要。我们的数据为进一步研究矢车菊颜色形成的机制提供了新的视角。
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引用次数: 0
Production of Phenylpropanoids, Naphthodianthrones and Antioxidant Status of Hypericum perforatum L. Transgenic Shoots 金丝桃转基因嫩芽的苯丙酮、萘二蒽的产生和抗氧化状态
IF 3.1 3区 农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2024-01-06 DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae10010059
O. Tusevski, Marija Todorovska, Ivana Todorovska, Jasmina Petreska Stanoeva, Sonja Gadzovska Simic
Fifteen transgenic shoot clones (TS A-TS O) regenerated from Hypericum perforatum hairy roots were evaluated for growth characteristics, phenylpropanoid, and naphthodianthrone production, as well as non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant status. Transgenic shoots displayed higher biomass production and non-altered phenotypes compared to control shoots. Phenylpropanoid production in TS was not related to phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity indicating that alternative enzymes could be involved in the regulation of phenylpropanoid/flavonoid biosynthesis. The positive correlation between phenylpropanoids (phenolic acids, flavonoids, flavan-3-ols, tannins) and non-enzymatic antioxidant assays suggested that these compounds are the main contributors to the redox state and radical scavenging properties of TS clones. More importantly, enhanced naphthodianthrone production (hypericin, pseudohypericin and protopseudohypericin) in TS was associated with the number of leaf dark glands. Concerning the enzymatic antioxidant status of TS, guaiacol peroxidase was shown as the main enzyme that turns down H2O2 levels, while the upregulation of superoxide dismutase coincided with decreased O2•− production. The efficiency of antioxidant enzymes for O2•− and H2O2 neutralization decreased the level of MDA and consequently delayed lipid peroxidation in TS clones. Altogether, H. perforatum transgenic shoots could be proposed as a prospective biotechnological system for scale-up production of naphthodianthrones and phenylpropanoids with antioxidant properties.
对从贯叶连翘毛根再生的 15 个转基因芽克隆(TS A-TS O)的生长特性、苯丙酮和萘二酮产量以及非酶和酶抗氧化状态进行了评估。与对照芽相比,转基因芽显示出更高的生物量产量和未改变的表型。TS 中苯丙类化合物的产量与苯丙氨酸氨裂解酶的活性无关,这表明苯丙类化合物/类黄酮的生物合成可能受其他酶的调节。苯丙类化合物(酚酸、类黄酮、黄烷-3-醇、单宁酸)与非酶抗氧化测定之间的正相关性表明,这些化合物是 TS 克隆的氧化还原状态和自由基清除特性的主要贡献者。更重要的是,TS 中萘二酮(金丝桃素、假金丝桃素和原假金丝桃素)产量的增加与叶片暗腺的数量有关。关于 TS 的酶抗氧化状态,愈创木酚过氧化物酶是降低 H2O2 水平的主要酶,而超氧化物歧化酶的上调与 O2 生成的减少相吻合。抗氧化酶中和O2--和H2O2的效率降低了MDA的水平,从而延缓了TS克隆的脂质过氧化。总之,穿心莲转基因芽可作为一种前景广阔的生物技术系统,用于扩大具有抗氧化特性的萘并蒽酮和苯丙酮类化合物的生产规模。
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引用次数: 0
Crop Improvement: Comparison of Transgenesis and Gene Editing 作物改良:转基因与基因编辑的比较
IF 3.1 3区 农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2024-01-06 DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae10010057
N. Permyakova, Elena V. Deineko
The development and improvement of molecular biology methods have led to the creation of new technologies that make it possible to modify plant genomes by transferring and integrating into the genomes’ heterologous genes from various expression systems (genetic engineering), as well as inducing knockouts of one or more target genes of interest (genomic editing). The development of genome-editing methods is a new milestone in the development of modern breeding methods and certainly relies on the knowledge and technologies developed for transgenesis. This review will discuss issues related to the advantages and disadvantages of both technologies for improving the economically valuable traits of important crops.
分子生物学方法的发展和改进催生了新技术的诞生,这些技术通过将来自不同表达系统的异源基因转移和整合到基因组中(基因工程),以及诱导一个或多个目标基因的敲除(基因组编辑),使改造植物基因组成为可能。基因组编辑方法的开发是现代育种方法发展的一个新里程碑,当然也有赖于转基因知识和技术的发展。本综述将讨论这两种技术在改良重要作物经济价值性状方面的优缺点。
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引用次数: 0
The Decomposition Dynamics and Substrate Component Potential of Biomass from the Seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile 海草 Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile 生物质的分解动力学和底质成分潜力
IF 3.1 3区 农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2024-01-06 DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae10010058
Giandomenico Amoroso, Alessia Cozzolino, Mohamed Idbella, Giuseppina Iacomino, R. Motti, G. Bonanomi
Posidonia oceanica, a Mediterranean Sea seagrass, generates significant litter debris in coastal regions, adversely affecting tourism. To manage this debris, we explored two strategies: (i) promoting in situ decomposition by introducing ligninolytic microbes from forest microbiomes and (ii) utilizing P. oceanica debris as a substrate for ornamental and horticultural species. To achieve this goal, we conducted a one-year experiment using litter bags in mesocosms that simulate in situ conditions, evaluating the second strategy with different application rates (10%, 30%, 50%, and 100%) of fresh and decomposed P. oceanica debris mixed with peat or soil, with or without mineral fertilizer. The results revealed the resistance of P. oceanica necromass to decomposition; in fact, the introduction of forest microbiomes led to a major decomposition rate, albeit with constrained practical applicability. Utilizing P. oceanica debris as a substrate without fertilizer resulted in a modest growth response relative to the application rate, particularly accentuated in horticultural species compared to ornamental ones. Mineral fertilizer alleviated adverse effects at lower application rates; however, a notable decline in growth was observed at the 100% application rate. At application rates of 10% and 30%, certain crops demonstrated improved growth compared to the control. In summary, our study suggests the potential use of raw P. oceanica debris as a growth substrate within the 10% to 50% dosage range.
地中海海草 Posidonia oceanica 会在沿海地区产生大量垃圾碎片,对旅游业造成不利影响。为了管理这些垃圾,我们探索了两种策略:(i) 通过引入森林微生物群中的木质素分解微生物来促进原地分解;(ii) 利用海草垃圾作为观赏和园艺物种的基质。为了实现这一目标,我们使用垃圾袋在模拟原地条件的中型实验箱中进行了为期一年的实验,评估了第二种策略,即在泥炭或土壤中混合不同比例(10%、30%、50% 和 100%)的新鲜和腐烂的大洋杉碎屑,并添加或不添加矿物肥料。结果表明,大洋白皮松碎屑对分解具有抵抗力;事实上,引入森林微生物群可提高分解率,但实际应用受到限制。在不施肥的情况下,利用大洋洲褐藻碎屑作为基质会导致相对于施肥量的适度生长反应,与观赏物种相比,园艺物种的反应尤为明显。在施肥量较低时,矿物肥料可减轻不利影响;但在施肥量达到 100%时,生长明显下降。施肥量为 10% 和 30% 时,某些作物的生长情况比对照组有所改善。总之,我们的研究表明,在 10%-50%的施用量范围内,未加工的大洋锦鲤碎屑有可能被用作生长基质。
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引用次数: 0
Climate Change, Pressures, and Adaptation Capacities of Farmers: Empirical Evidence from Hungary 气候变化、压力和农民的适应能力:匈牙利的经验证据
IF 3.1 3区 农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2024-01-06 DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae10010056
József Lennert, Katalin Kovács, B. Koós, Nigel Swain, Csaba Bálint, Eszter Hamza, Gábor Király, Katalin Rácz, M. Váradi, András Donát Kovács
This paper aims to analyze comprehensively the climate exposure, sensitivity, perception, adaptive capacity, vulnerability, and resilience of the Hungarian agricultural sector, particularly focusing on fruit, vegetable, and grape producers. Four distinct Hungarian case studies were examined, representing different regions with diverse environmental and socioeconomic conditions. The research combined quantitative and qualitative methods, including statistical and GIS analysis of climate, agricultural, and socioeconomic data, as well as field research and semi-structured interviews. The study investigated exposure, sensitivity, perception, and adaptation, leading to the identification of key components and influencing factors. Qualitative research revealed that farms operating in geographically close proximity, in the same regulatory and support environment, can have different adaptive capacities. In the current state of the adaptation process, the extent to which farmers can rely on supportive professional networks and seek out and adopt new practices is crucial. Field experience suggests that without a strong and supportive producer organization (extension network), farmers may prefer to resort to extensification (afforestation) to mitigate production risks. From a development policy perspective, it is worthwhile to present good practices and provide information on possible adaptation techniques through existing local sectoral organizations.
本文旨在全面分析匈牙利农业部门,特别是水果、蔬菜和葡萄生产者的气候暴露、敏感性、感知、适应能力、脆弱性和复原力。研究考察了四项不同的匈牙利案例研究,它们代表了环境和社会经济条件各不相同的不同地区。研究结合了定量和定性方法,包括对气候、农业和社会经济数据进行统计和地理信息系统分析,以及实地调查和半结构式访谈。研究调查了暴露程度、敏感性、感知和适应性,从而确定了关键要素和影响因素。定性研究显示,在相同的监管和支持环境下,地理位置相近的农场可能具有不同的适应能力。在当前的适应过程中,农民能够在多大程度上依靠支持性的专业网络并寻求和采用新的做法至关重要。实地经验表明,如果没有一个强大的、支持性的生产者组织(推广网络),农民可能更愿意采用扩大规模(植树造林)的方式来降低生产风险。从发展政策的角度来看,值得通过现有的地方部门组织介绍良好做法并提供有关可能的适应技术的信息。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of Plasma-Activated Water on Foliar and Fruit Micronutrient Content and Plant Protection Efficiency 等离子活化水对叶面和果实微量营养元素含量及植物保护效率的影响
IF 3.1 3区 农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2024-01-05 DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae10010055
A. I. Kuzin, N. Kashirskaya, Alexei E. Solovchenko, A. Kochkina, Ludmila V. Stepantsowa, Vyacheslav N. Krasin, Evgeny M. Konchekov, V. Lukanin, Konstantin F. Sergeichev, Victoria V. Gudkova, D. O. Khort, I. G. Smirnov
Foliar fertilizing is very important to supply apple plants with calcium and micronutrients. The most cost-effective approach to this is the application of the fertilizers in tank mixtures with plant protection chemicals. Plasma-activated water (PAW) has great potential for the use in the agriculture. We used two type of PAWs, PAW1 (made using underwater electrical discharge in an aqueous KNO3 solution and includes reactive nitrogen species and platinum nanoparticles) and PAW2 (made using a plasma torch with nitrogen gas makeup and contains reactive nitrogen species but not metals). We studied the impact of two PAW types on the contents of Ca, B, Mn, Fe, and Co in leaves and Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Mo in fruits sprayed with tank mixtures containing the fertilizers. We also tested the efficiency of PAW in the control of apple scab when applied as tank mixtures with plant protection chemicals. The application of the PAWs significantly increased foliar Ca when the PAW was mixed with Ca-containing formulations (spraying PAW1 containing Ca increased leaf Ca by up to 21%, and PAW2 up by to 9% compared to Ca spraying without PAW). The largest fruit Ca increase was in the variant treated with PAW1 with a micronutrient spraying program (up to 143%). The PAW treatments enhanced the baseline mineral contents of the plants even when they were not sprayed with the nutrients. PAW1 mainly increased the nutrient contents of the apple fruits. PAWs have proven to be efficient for the control of apple scab, thereby reducing the demand for fungicides. The scab damage to the leaves and fruits was similar in plants treated with PAWs without fungicides (1.7–1.9% on the leaves and 1.6–1.8% on the fruits) compared to the conventional chemical scab control (0.9% leaves and 0.6% fruits) and was significantly lower than in the untreated control (9.3% on leaves and 11.9 on fruits).
叶面施肥对于为苹果植株提供钙和微量元素非常重要。最经济有效的方法是将肥料与植物保护化学品混合施用。等离子活化水(PAW)在农业中的应用潜力巨大。我们使用了两种等离子活化水,一种是等离子活化水 1(在 KNO3 水溶液中使用水下放电法制成,含有活性氮物种和纳米铂颗粒),另一种是等离子活化水 2(使用等离子炬和氮气制成,含有活性氮物种,但不含金属)。我们研究了两种 PAW 对叶片中 Ca、B、Mn、Fe 和 Co 含量的影响,以及对喷洒含有这些肥料的混合液的果实中 Ca、Mn、Fe、Zn 和 Mo 含量的影响。我们还测试了 PAW 与植物保护化学品混合施用时对苹果疮痂病的防治效果。当 PAW 与含 Ca 的制剂混合施用时,PAW 能显著提高叶片 Ca 含量(与喷洒不含 PAW 的 Ca 相比,喷洒含 Ca 的 PAW1 能使叶片 Ca 含量提高 21%,喷洒 PAW2 能使叶片 Ca 含量提高 9%)。果实钙含量增加最多的是用 PAW1 和微量营养元素喷洒程序处理的变体(达 143%)。即使未喷洒营养素,PAW 处理也能提高植物的基准矿物质含量。PAW1 主要提高了苹果果实的养分含量。事实证明,PAW 能有效控制苹果疮痂病,从而减少对杀菌剂的需求。与传统的疮痂病化学防治(叶片和果实分别为 0.9% 和 0.6%)相比,未使用杀菌剂而使用 PAW 处理的植株叶片和果实受到的疮痂病危害(叶片为 1.7-1.9%,果实为 1.6-1.8%)相似,并且明显低于未处理的对照(叶片为 9.3%,果实为 11.9%)。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of the Cultivation Methods on the Sensory Quality and Phytochemical Profiles of Satsuma Mandarin (Citrus unshiu) 栽培方法对萨摩蜜柑感官质量和植物化学成分的影响
IF 3.1 3区 农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2024-01-05 DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae10010054
Sung-Man Jeong, Dong-Shin Kim, Sang Suk Kim, Hyun-Jin Kim
Citrus fruits have a distinctive flavor and can convey health benefits because of their unique phytochemicals. Phytochemical profiles are influenced by many factors, including variety and environmental growing conditions; however, the effect of the cultivation methods on the phytochemical profile of Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu) has received little attention. In this study, we examined the relationships between the cultivation conditions, sensory quality, and phytochemical profiles of C. unshiu cultivated using four methods: open field, greenhouse, film mulching, and tunnel farming. The soil water content differed significantly between the cultivation methods and showed a strong positive correlation with sourness, bitterness, and astringency and a strong negative correlation with sweetness. The metabolites of C. unshiu were not associated with the soil water content but with the soil mineral content, including nitrogen (N+), phosphorus (P+), and potassium (K+). The soil P+ and K+ content was positively correlated with most secondary metabolites. The relative abundance of sugars did not differ significantly between the cultivation methods; however, the sweetness was higher under film mulching than under the other cultivation methods because of the suppression of sweetness by bitter compounds. We did not investigate the effect of other growing conditions, such as sunlight; however, the results improve our understanding of the effect of cultivation methods on the quality of C. unshiu and may inform crucial decisions concerning citrus cultivation.
柑橘类水果风味独特,因其独特的植物化学成分而具有保健功效。植物化学成分受许多因素的影响,包括品种和环境生长条件;然而,栽培方法对萨摩蜜柑(Citrus unshiu)植物化学成分的影响却很少受到关注。在本研究中,我们考察了露地栽培、温室栽培、薄膜覆盖栽培和隧道栽培四种方法栽培的萨摩蜜柑的栽培条件、感官质量和植物化学成分之间的关系。不同栽培方法的土壤含水量差异显著,与酸味、苦味和涩味呈强正相关,与甜味呈强负相关。茨菇的代谢物与土壤含水量无关,但与土壤中的矿物质含量有关,包括氮(N+)、磷(P+)和钾(K+)。土壤中的 P+ 和 K+ 含量与大多数次生代谢物呈正相关。糖类的相对含量在不同栽培方法下没有显著差异;但是,由于苦味化合物对甜味的抑制作用,覆膜栽培下的甜味高于其他栽培方法。我们没有研究其他生长条件(如阳光)的影响;不过,研究结果增进了我们对栽培方法对乌巢柑品质影响的了解,并可能为柑橘栽培的关键决策提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing the Effect of Plant Growth Stimulants and Retardants on Cyclamen “Halios F1 Salmon Rose” Cultivar 评估植物生长刺激剂和延缓剂对仙客来 "哈里奥 F1 三文鱼玫瑰 "栽培品种的影响
IF 3.1 3区 农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2024-01-05 DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae10010053
János Bálint, Klára Benedek, A. B. Csorba
In Eastern Europe, the traditional marketing of cyclamen is in the period from the middle of February to the middle of March. The poor light of winter months and the higher number of plants (because of the reduction in heating costs) often result in elongated plants. To avoid this, it is recommended to use plant growth retardants. At the same time, another problem is that flowers do not rise from the level of rosette due to the unfavorable cultivation conditions. This can be solved with growth stimulants. In the experiment, we tested the effect of growth regulators on the growth of a frequently used variety of cyclamen. We used daminozide and paclobutrazol plant growth retardants for height control and gibberellic acid (GA) and benzyladenine (BAP) as growth promoters for increasing the number of flowers and the length of stems. The results show that daminozide and paclobutrazol are both effective for height control in cyclamen production.
在东欧,仙客来的传统销售期为 2 月中旬至 3 月中旬。由于冬季光照不足,加上植株数量较多(因为取暖费用降低),往往会导致植株变长。为了避免这种情况,建议使用植物生长延缓剂。同时,另一个问题是,由于不利的栽培条件,花朵无法从莲座期水平生长起来。这可以用生长促进剂来解决。在实验中,我们测试了生长调节剂对仙客来常用品种生长的影响。我们使用了达米诺肼(daminozide)和扑草净(paclobutrazol)作为植物生长延缓剂来控制高度,使用赤霉素(GA)和苄基腺嘌呤(BAP)作为生长促进剂来增加花的数量和茎的长度。结果表明,在仙客来生产过程中,达米诺肼和矮壮素都能有效控制仙客来的高度。
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引用次数: 0
Advances in Purple Tea Research: Chemical Compositions, Anthocyanin Synthesis and Regulation, Processing, and Health Benefits 紫茶研究进展:化学成分、花青素合成与调节、加工和保健功效
IF 3.1 3区 农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2024-01-04 DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae10010050
Meihong Yan, Xiangxiang Huang, Nianci Xie, Tiyue Zhao, Mingzhi Zhu, Juan Li, Kunbo Wang
Purple tea, renowned for its anthocyanin content and distinctive purple hue, has gained prominence. The anthocyanin content in purple tea can exceed three times that of traditional green-leaf tea. Purple tea harbors various anthocyanins, implicating intricate pathways of biosynthesis and transcriptional regulation. Concurrently, owing to its distinctive chemical composition, the processing of purple tea may be constrained, potentially influencing the sensory attributes and flavor profile of the tea. The richness of anthocyanins in purple tea has yielded potential health benefits, including antioxidative and anti-cancer properties, rendering purple tea a sought-after commodity in the tea market. However, current research on purple tea remains incomplete, including indistinct networks of anthocyanin biosynthesis and regulatory mechanisms, incomplete chemical characterization, and a need for comprehensive investigations into its biological activities. The limited research foundation has greatly reduced the popularity and consumption of purple tea. This paper aims to provide an overview of recent advancements in the biosynthesis and regulation of anthocyanins, as well as the chemical compositions, processing, and health benefits of purple tea. This review will provide the groundwork for future efforts in the selection and innovation of purple tea germplasm, purple tea processing, and the expansion of the market for purple tea consumption.
紫茶因其花青素含量高和独特的紫色而闻名遐迩。紫茶中的花青素含量可超过传统绿叶茶的三倍。紫茶中含有多种花青素,涉及复杂的生物合成和转录调控途径。同时,由于其独特的化学成分,紫茶的加工可能会受到限制,从而可能影响茶叶的感官属性和风味。紫茶中丰富的花青素具有潜在的保健功效,包括抗氧化和抗癌特性,使紫茶成为茶叶市场上的抢手货。然而,目前对紫茶的研究仍不全面,包括花青素生物合成和调控机制网络不清晰、化学特征描述不完整,以及需要对其生物活性进行全面调查。有限的研究基础大大降低了紫茶的普及率和消费量。本文旨在概述花青素生物合成和调控的最新进展,以及紫茶的化学成分、加工和保健功效。这篇综述将为今后紫茶种质的选育和创新、紫茶加工以及紫茶消费市场的拓展奠定基础。
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引用次数: 0
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Horticulturae
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