Pub Date : 2025-12-10DOI: 10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3630948
{"title":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics Publication Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3630948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3630948","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13094,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics","volume":"31 6: Photon. for Climate Chng. Mitigation and Adapt.","pages":"C2-C2"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11293805","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145729307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3642214
Sujeong Jung;Vsevolod Cheburkanov;Mykyta Kizilov;Vladislav V. Yakovlev
We evaluated the microstructural and thermal stability of beef fat and lean meat tissue over 56 days of household frozen storage ($-18,^{circ} mathrm{C}$) using Brillouin spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM). Mechanical stiffness represented by Brillouin shift values ($Delta nu$) and Brillouin line FWHM values ($Gamma$), and thermal metrics ($Delta H$, $T_{m}$) of fat and lean meat samples remained within experimental uncertainty ($pm text{0.2},text{GHz}$; $p>0.05$) throughout storage. While Raman spectra showed minimal chemical contrast between tissue types, autofluorescence lifetime constants ($tau _{1}$, $tau _{2}$) and Brillouin shifts enabled robust, label-free mechanical discrimination of fat versus lean meat domains. Compression and acetone treatments confirmed the techniques’ sensitivity. These results demonstrate that common home-freezing preserves beef tissue microstructure and fat thermal behavior over two months, and that combined optical and calorimetric methods offer a non-destructive framework for meat quality assessment.
{"title":"Label-Free Optical Investigation of Structural and Thermal Changes in Fat and Lean Beef Under Frozen Storage","authors":"Sujeong Jung;Vsevolod Cheburkanov;Mykyta Kizilov;Vladislav V. Yakovlev","doi":"10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3642214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3642214","url":null,"abstract":"We evaluated the microstructural and thermal stability of beef fat and lean meat tissue over 56 days of household frozen storage (<inline-formula><tex-math>$-18,^{circ} mathrm{C}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) using Brillouin spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM). Mechanical stiffness represented by Brillouin shift values (<inline-formula><tex-math>$Delta nu$</tex-math></inline-formula>) and Brillouin line FWHM values (<inline-formula><tex-math>$Gamma$</tex-math></inline-formula>), and thermal metrics (<inline-formula><tex-math>$Delta H$</tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><tex-math>$T_{m}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) of fat and lean meat samples remained within experimental uncertainty (<inline-formula><tex-math>$pm text{0.2},text{GHz}$</tex-math></inline-formula>; <inline-formula><tex-math>$p>0.05$</tex-math></inline-formula>) throughout storage. While Raman spectra showed minimal chemical contrast between tissue types, autofluorescence lifetime constants (<inline-formula><tex-math>$tau _{1}$</tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><tex-math>$tau _{2}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) and Brillouin shifts enabled robust, label-free mechanical discrimination of fat versus lean meat domains. Compression and acetone treatments confirmed the techniques’ sensitivity. These results demonstrate that common home-freezing preserves beef tissue microstructure and fat thermal behavior over two months, and that combined optical and calorimetric methods offer a non-destructive framework for meat quality assessment.","PeriodicalId":13094,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics","volume":"32 4: Adv. Biophoton. in Emerg. Biomed. Tech. and Dev","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145886684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3633442
Bin Zhu;Jong Heon Lee;Mingyue Chen;Guangming Tao
{"title":"Editorial Interview: Transforming Heat Management Through Photonics: Insights From Industry Leaders in Radiative Cooling Technologies","authors":"Bin Zhu;Jong Heon Lee;Mingyue Chen;Guangming Tao","doi":"10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3633442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3633442","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13094,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics","volume":"31 6: Photon. for Climate Chng. Mitigation and Adapt.","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11285572","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145729305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3641548
Hui Jia;Jae-Seong Park;Jun Li;Kongming Liu;Jiajing Yuan;Calum Dear;Haotian Zeng;Yangqian Wang;Khalil El Hajraoui;Shangfeng Liu;Huiwen Deng;Mickael Martin;Yaonan Hou;Quentin M. Ramasse;Richard Beanland;Qiang Li;Thierry Baron;Mingchu Tang;Alwyn Seeds;Huiyun Liu
We report the development of InAs/InAlGaAs quantum-dot (QD) lasers grown on both InP and Si substrates. A modified indium flush technique was employed to control dot-height distribution and tailor the emission wavelength by using a strained partial capping layer. Using this approach, 7-stack InAs/InAlGaAs QD lasers on InP substrates exhibit a low threshold current density (Jth) of 63 A/cm2 per QD layer and high-temperature operation up to 140 °C. Furthermore, electrically pumped InAs/InAlGaAs QD lasers directly grown on Si are also demonstrated, with a low Jth of 1.35 kA/cm2 and a maximum operating temperature of 100 °C. This work highlights the effectiveness of the modified indium flush in achieving high-performance InAs/InAlGaAs QD lasers. These results represent a significant step forward in the development of high-performance C-/L-band QD lasers in the InAs/InAlGaAs/InP material system for Si photonics.
我们报道了在InP和Si衬底上生长的InAs/InAlGaAs量子点（QD）激光器的发展。采用一种改进的铟冲光技术，利用应变的部分覆盖层来控制点高分布和定制发射波长。使用这种方法，在InP衬底上的7层InAs/InAlGaAs QD激光器表现出每QD层63 a /cm2的低阈值电流密度（Jth）和高达140°C的高温工作。此外，还演示了直接在Si上生长的电泵浦InAs/InAlGaAs QD激光器，其Jth低至1.35 kA/cm2，最高工作温度为100°C。这项工作强调了改性铟在实现高性能InAs/InAlGaAs QD激光器中的有效性。这些结果代表了在硅光子学InAs/InAlGaAs/InP材料体系中高性能C / l波段QD激光器的发展向前迈出了重要的一步。
{"title":"InAs/InAlGaAs Quantum Dot Lasers on InP and Si","authors":"Hui Jia;Jae-Seong Park;Jun Li;Kongming Liu;Jiajing Yuan;Calum Dear;Haotian Zeng;Yangqian Wang;Khalil El Hajraoui;Shangfeng Liu;Huiwen Deng;Mickael Martin;Yaonan Hou;Quentin M. Ramasse;Richard Beanland;Qiang Li;Thierry Baron;Mingchu Tang;Alwyn Seeds;Huiyun Liu","doi":"10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3641548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3641548","url":null,"abstract":"We report the development of InAs/InAlGaAs quantum-dot (QD) lasers grown on both InP and Si substrates. A modified indium flush technique was employed to control dot-height distribution and tailor the emission wavelength by using a strained partial capping layer. Using this approach, 7-stack InAs/InAlGaAs QD lasers on InP substrates exhibit a low threshold current density (<italic>J<sub>th</sub></i>) of 63 A/cm<sup>2</sup> per QD layer and high-temperature operation up to 140 °C. Furthermore, electrically pumped InAs/InAlGaAs QD lasers directly grown on Si are also demonstrated, with a low <italic>J<sub>th</sub></i> of 1.35 kA/cm<sup>2</sup> and a maximum operating temperature of 100 °C. This work highlights the effectiveness of the modified indium flush in achieving high-performance InAs/InAlGaAs QD lasers. These results represent a significant step forward in the development of high-performance C-/L-band QD lasers in the InAs/InAlGaAs/InP material system for Si photonics.","PeriodicalId":13094,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics","volume":"32 2: 3-D Horizons in Photonics: Integrated Circuits","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145830853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3641631
Lin Cheng;Yu Chen;Yujie Cai;Xiaoying Wang;Yihan Jia;Kun Huang;E Wu
As a key intermediate in energy metabolism, pyruvate concentration can reflect cellular metabolic status. Conventional methods such as enzymatic colorimetric assays offer high sensitivity, but rely on fresh reagents and can modify or deplete the target analyte. Mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy simplifies the measurement. However, conventional MIR detection is constrained by limited MIR detector sensitivity and high background noise. Here we present an induced-coherence MIR quantum spectroscopy system that requires neither MIR sources nor detectors. Using a nonlinear Michelson interferometer with an AgGaSe2 crystal (type-I nondegenerate SPDC), we achieve the MIR spectral characterization of pyruvate at 8.5 μm (≈1176 cm−1), corresponding to the C–C vibrational band, while only the near-infrared signal photons are detected. A 10-μm-path liquid cell containing 5 μL of pyruvate solution in ultrapure water and simulated body fluid (SBF) is inserted in the MIR interferometer arm. The absorbance spectra retrieved from quantum interferograms via fast Fourier transform agree with those obtained by conventional MIR spectroscopy using the same sample. Using only near-infrared detection, we perform rapid scans near the zero-path-difference position, enabling nondestructive, label-free quantitative analysis of microliter-scale samples and establishing a linear response to pyruvate concentration. These results highlight the potential of quantum spectroscopy for biomedical sensing and provide a foundation for high-sensitivity MIR spectral analysis in complex physiological environments.
{"title":"Pyruvate in Aqueous Media Probed by Mid-Infrared Quantum Spectroscopy Based on Induced Coherence","authors":"Lin Cheng;Yu Chen;Yujie Cai;Xiaoying Wang;Yihan Jia;Kun Huang;E Wu","doi":"10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3641631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3641631","url":null,"abstract":"As a key intermediate in energy metabolism, pyruvate concentration can reflect cellular metabolic status. Conventional methods such as enzymatic colorimetric assays offer high sensitivity, but rely on fresh reagents and can modify or deplete the target analyte. Mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy simplifies the measurement. However, conventional MIR detection is constrained by limited MIR detector sensitivity and high background noise. Here we present an induced-coherence MIR quantum spectroscopy system that requires neither MIR sources nor detectors. Using a nonlinear Michelson interferometer with an AgGaSe<sub>2</sub> crystal (type-I nondegenerate SPDC), we achieve the MIR spectral characterization of pyruvate at 8.5 μm (≈1176 cm<sup>−1</sup>), corresponding to the C–C vibrational band, while only the near-infrared signal photons are detected. A 10-μm-path liquid cell containing 5 μL of pyruvate solution in ultrapure water and simulated body fluid (SBF) is inserted in the MIR interferometer arm. The absorbance spectra retrieved from quantum interferograms via fast Fourier transform agree with those obtained by conventional MIR spectroscopy using the same sample. Using only near-infrared detection, we perform rapid scans near the zero-path-difference position, enabling nondestructive, label-free quantitative analysis of microliter-scale samples and establishing a linear response to pyruvate concentration. These results highlight the potential of quantum spectroscopy for biomedical sensing and provide a foundation for high-sensitivity MIR spectral analysis in complex physiological environments.","PeriodicalId":13094,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics","volume":"32 4: Adv. Biophoton. in Emerg. Biomed. Tech. and Dev","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145830947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3633926
Qiaoqiang Gan;Aaswath Raman
{"title":"Guest Editorial: When Photonics Meets Climate Mitigation: The Evolution of Knowledge Through Scientific Discourse","authors":"Qiaoqiang Gan;Aaswath Raman","doi":"10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3633926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3633926","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13094,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics","volume":"31 6: Photon. for Climate Chng. Mitigation and Adapt.","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11285570","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145729472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3633465
Shanhui Fan
{"title":"Editorial Interview: The Cool Power of Light","authors":"Shanhui Fan","doi":"10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3633465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3633465","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13094,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics","volume":"31 6: Photon. for Climate Chng. Mitigation and Adapt.","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11285497","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145729494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3638176
Aaswath Raman
{"title":"Editorial: Photonics for Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation","authors":"Aaswath Raman","doi":"10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3638176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3638176","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13094,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics","volume":"31 6: Photon. for Climate Chng. Mitigation and Adapt.","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11285571","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145729473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Micro-transfer printing (µ-TP) enables high-density integration of pre-structure-defined device coupons, facilitating multiple photonic functions on a single chip after the CMOS back-end-of-line process. This study demonstrates µ-TP of a pre-structured thin-film lithium-niobate (TFLN) coupon with two parallel etched TFLN waveguides onto a silicon photonics (SiPh) platform, achieving a 3σ alignment accuracy of approximately 0.5 μm. It incorporates low-loss design-optimized inter-layer couplers with a minimum transition loss of less than 0.1 dB and traveling-wave coplanar electrodes. The Si/TFLN hybrid Mach–Zehnder modulator achieves an on-chip device loss of 1.0 dB and a 3-dB EO bandwidth exceeding 67 GHz. This represents the first µ-TP integration of pre-structured TFLN waveguides with low-loss inter-layer coupling on a SiPh platform, marking a significant advancement in scalable, high-performance photonic integration.
{"title":"Micro-Transfer-Printed Heterogeneous Thin-Film Lithium Niobate Mach–Zehnder Modulator on Silicon With Low-Loss Inter-Layer Coupler","authors":"Toshiya Murai;Rai Kou;Guangwei Cong;Yohei Yamashita;Masahiko Imai;Kazumasa Takabayashi;Koji Yamada","doi":"10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3641391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3641391","url":null,"abstract":"Micro-transfer printing (µ-TP) enables high-density integration of pre-structure-defined device coupons, facilitating multiple photonic functions on a single chip after the CMOS back-end-of-line process. This study demonstrates µ-TP of a pre-structured thin-film lithium-niobate (TFLN) coupon with two parallel etched TFLN waveguides onto a silicon photonics (SiPh) platform, achieving a 3<italic>σ</i> alignment accuracy of approximately 0.5 μm. It incorporates low-loss design-optimized inter-layer couplers with a minimum transition loss of less than 0.1 dB and traveling-wave coplanar electrodes. The Si/TFLN hybrid Mach–Zehnder modulator achieves an on-chip device loss of 1.0 dB and a 3-dB EO bandwidth exceeding 67 GHz. This represents the first µ-TP integration of pre-structured TFLN waveguides with low-loss inter-layer coupling on a SiPh platform, marking a significant advancement in scalable, high-performance photonic integration.","PeriodicalId":13094,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics","volume":"32 2: 3-D Horizons in Photonics: Integrated Circuits","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11282484","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145830731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3641312
David Coenen;Minkyu Kim;Herman Oprins;Xinyue Chang;Filippo Ferraro;Yoojin Ban;Joris Van Campenhout
Recent developments in system-on-wafer high-performance compute systems have delivered promising results for alleviating the memory wall encountered in AI/ML training workloads. This is achieved by integrating multiple XPUs on the same interposer substrate. It is expected that performance can scale further by replacing the electrical interface with an optical variant. In this paper, we study the thermal challenges this concept brings for Si photonic disk modulators, a key component of the optical transceiver. Because of the highly integrated nature of the system, thermal crosstalk is especially a concern, as well as heater efficiency for thermal tuning. Detailed, experimentally calibrated simulations reveal a loss of heater efficiency between 42–62% after hybrid bonding of the electrical IC (EIC) on the photonic IC (PIC). This loss can partially be offset by introducing a new thermal isolation feature called TOPCUT, which blocks vertical heat conduction and increases efficiency by 25%. Alternatively, co-design of the EIC back-end-of-line layers and the PIC layout to ensure low metal density directly above the device can be done to gain 12% heater efficiency. Thermal simulations of a fully populated interposer wafer reveal extremely low thermal crosstalk between tiles, but significant crosstalk inside a single tile. Studies predict a spatial gradient of 12 K/mm and temporal gradient of 1.78 K/ms in the PIC due to XPU power map.
{"title":"Thermal Challenges for Resonant Si Photonic Modulators in System-on-Wafer Applications","authors":"David Coenen;Minkyu Kim;Herman Oprins;Xinyue Chang;Filippo Ferraro;Yoojin Ban;Joris Van Campenhout","doi":"10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3641312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2025.3641312","url":null,"abstract":"Recent developments in system-on-wafer high-performance compute systems have delivered promising results for alleviating the memory wall encountered in AI/ML training workloads. This is achieved by integrating multiple XPUs on the same interposer substrate. It is expected that performance can scale further by replacing the electrical interface with an optical variant. In this paper, we study the thermal challenges this concept brings for Si photonic disk modulators, a key component of the optical transceiver. Because of the highly integrated nature of the system, thermal crosstalk is especially a concern, as well as heater efficiency for thermal tuning. Detailed, experimentally calibrated simulations reveal a loss of heater efficiency between 42–62% after hybrid bonding of the electrical IC (EIC) on the photonic IC (PIC). This loss can partially be offset by introducing a new thermal isolation feature called TOPCUT, which blocks vertical heat conduction and increases efficiency by 25%. Alternatively, co-design of the EIC back-end-of-line layers and the PIC layout to ensure low metal density directly above the device can be done to gain 12% heater efficiency. Thermal simulations of a fully populated interposer wafer reveal extremely low thermal crosstalk between tiles, but significant crosstalk inside a single tile. Studies predict a spatial gradient of 12 K/mm and temporal gradient of 1.78 K/ms in the PIC due to XPU power map.","PeriodicalId":13094,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics","volume":"32 2: 3-D Horizons in Photonics: Integrated Circuits","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145830762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：