Pub Date : 2022-05-31DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2022.2081837
S. Mukate, S. Bhoominathan, Vijay Solanky
Abstract Change in drinking water quality causes significant impacts on human health. Current research aims to identify the risk arising for infants, children, and adults due to the elevated concentration of nitrate and fluoride in groundwater. Groundwater samples from dug wells (100 samples) and bore wells (90 samples) were collected across the Bhokardan tehsil in December 2018. The physicochemical parameters like pH, EC, salinity, TDS, Nitrate, and Fluoride were analyzed. In most Bhokardan tehsil, NO3 concentration (45 mg/l) in bore well samples falls within the desirable limit. Still, in the case of dug wells, average nitrate is beyond the BIS permissible limits. 77% and 15.6% samples from dug and bore wells exceed the allowable limit (1.5 mg/l) of fluoride in drinking water. It is observed that in bore well samples, nitrate and fluoride depicts the highest risk to children (Avg. 1.44 and 1.88) as the average value is above critical value, i.e., 1 followed by infants (Avg. 1.06 and 1.64) and adults (Avg. 0.94 and 1.22) for the nitrate health risk. The highest THQ value for nitrate (4.81) and fluoride (2.42) was recorded for children. This analysis will help policymakers and practitioners develop policies at the administrative (tehsil) level to evaluate and monitor human health implications.
{"title":"Assessment of human health risk arising due to fluoride and nitrate in groundwater: a case study of Bhokardan tehsil of Maharashtra","authors":"S. Mukate, S. Bhoominathan, Vijay Solanky","doi":"10.1080/10807039.2022.2081837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2022.2081837","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Change in drinking water quality causes significant impacts on human health. Current research aims to identify the risk arising for infants, children, and adults due to the elevated concentration of nitrate and fluoride in groundwater. Groundwater samples from dug wells (100 samples) and bore wells (90 samples) were collected across the Bhokardan tehsil in December 2018. The physicochemical parameters like pH, EC, salinity, TDS, Nitrate, and Fluoride were analyzed. In most Bhokardan tehsil, NO3 concentration (45 mg/l) in bore well samples falls within the desirable limit. Still, in the case of dug wells, average nitrate is beyond the BIS permissible limits. 77% and 15.6% samples from dug and bore wells exceed the allowable limit (1.5 mg/l) of fluoride in drinking water. It is observed that in bore well samples, nitrate and fluoride depicts the highest risk to children (Avg. 1.44 and 1.88) as the average value is above critical value, i.e., 1 followed by infants (Avg. 1.06 and 1.64) and adults (Avg. 0.94 and 1.22) for the nitrate health risk. The highest THQ value for nitrate (4.81) and fluoride (2.42) was recorded for children. This analysis will help policymakers and practitioners develop policies at the administrative (tehsil) level to evaluate and monitor human health implications.","PeriodicalId":13141,"journal":{"name":"Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"594 - 620"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81608510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-20DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2022.2075314
Ke Xu, Lan Lan, Peng Xu, Cun-kuan Bao
Abstract As the environmental risk awareness increases, the public is highly concerned about the possible environmental risks in industrial zones. When the public’s risk response behaviors are different, the social operation cost and governance effectiveness will also vary greatly. This article divides the public risk response behavior into two forms: collaborative and antagonistic. It conducts research in the JS industrial zone, using the structural equation model to study the influencing factors and action paths of the public risk response behaviors. The results show that the enhancement of system trust and self-efficacy will promote the public to adopt collaborative behavior, while lacking of system trust, public participation efficacy and perceived benefit will lead to antagonistic behavior, and system trust is the decisive factor. In addition, the mediating effect of risk perception is significant in the transformation from lacking of system trust and public participation efficacy to antagonistic behavior, especially in the influence mechanism of public participation efficacy, which is fully mediated. Finally, this article proposes to implement the rights and responsibilities, improve interest compensation, break the decision-making mode, strengthen knowledge cultivation and deepen risk communication, so as to guide the public’s collaborative behavior, avoid the occurrence of confrontation events and realize the sustainable development of risk society.
{"title":"Study on the factors and pathways influencing the public’s environmental risk response behavior from the perspective of perceived risk – A case study of JS industrial zone in Shanghai, China","authors":"Ke Xu, Lan Lan, Peng Xu, Cun-kuan Bao","doi":"10.1080/10807039.2022.2075314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2022.2075314","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract As the environmental risk awareness increases, the public is highly concerned about the possible environmental risks in industrial zones. When the public’s risk response behaviors are different, the social operation cost and governance effectiveness will also vary greatly. This article divides the public risk response behavior into two forms: collaborative and antagonistic. It conducts research in the JS industrial zone, using the structural equation model to study the influencing factors and action paths of the public risk response behaviors. The results show that the enhancement of system trust and self-efficacy will promote the public to adopt collaborative behavior, while lacking of system trust, public participation efficacy and perceived benefit will lead to antagonistic behavior, and system trust is the decisive factor. In addition, the mediating effect of risk perception is significant in the transformation from lacking of system trust and public participation efficacy to antagonistic behavior, especially in the influence mechanism of public participation efficacy, which is fully mediated. Finally, this article proposes to implement the rights and responsibilities, improve interest compensation, break the decision-making mode, strengthen knowledge cultivation and deepen risk communication, so as to guide the public’s collaborative behavior, avoid the occurrence of confrontation events and realize the sustainable development of risk society.","PeriodicalId":13141,"journal":{"name":"Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal","volume":"161 1","pages":"521 - 540"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74089691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-18DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2022.2075315
Esra Dinler, K. D. Atalay, Ezgi Güler
Abstract In risk analysis, the quantification of risk, the modeling of identified risk, and how to make decisions are all topics considered. Risk analysis activity that companies must comply with and perform at a minimum level to produce medical devices. Manufacturers should consider all risks that the device may contain to indicate that the medical device is safe. Manufacturers must also justify that this device should be manufactured because the benefit of the device is greater than the risk. This study proposes a method to measure the risk factors of the medical devices on the patient. Accordingly, a mathematical model is developed, the model is applied to a device manufactured in a company, and the results are obtained. The aggregated method developed in this study, based on the Taguchi loss function and using the hesitant fuzzy the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (HF-TOPSIS) method, ensures that the risks that may occur for the patient are minimized and the risk types to be taken into account are determined. In addition, the order of importance of the risk types obtained with the proposed method in the study is compared with the TOPSIS method.
{"title":"A new hybrid method to determine the hazardous risk factors","authors":"Esra Dinler, K. D. Atalay, Ezgi Güler","doi":"10.1080/10807039.2022.2075315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2022.2075315","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In risk analysis, the quantification of risk, the modeling of identified risk, and how to make decisions are all topics considered. Risk analysis activity that companies must comply with and perform at a minimum level to produce medical devices. Manufacturers should consider all risks that the device may contain to indicate that the medical device is safe. Manufacturers must also justify that this device should be manufactured because the benefit of the device is greater than the risk. This study proposes a method to measure the risk factors of the medical devices on the patient. Accordingly, a mathematical model is developed, the model is applied to a device manufactured in a company, and the results are obtained. The aggregated method developed in this study, based on the Taguchi loss function and using the hesitant fuzzy the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (HF-TOPSIS) method, ensures that the risks that may occur for the patient are minimized and the risk types to be taken into account are determined. In addition, the order of importance of the risk types obtained with the proposed method in the study is compared with the TOPSIS method.","PeriodicalId":13141,"journal":{"name":"Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"541 - 563"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80474350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-05DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2022.2071206
Maria Dalma Mangiapia, I. Verginelli, R. Baciocchi, M. Bogliolo, S. Berardi
Abstract This study examines the procedures used to assess the inhalation risks of workers exposed to chemicals emitted from contaminated environmental matrices (“environmental exposure”) or to substances present in the productive cycle (“occupational exposure”). For the environmental exposure, the limit values for workers set by U.S. EPA (RBSLair) were considered. For the occupational exposure, the values set by EU directives (OELVs) and in the REACH regulation (DN(M)ELs) were examined. Despite a similar derivation methodology, the assessment and uncertainty factors employed to derive the RBSLair are more conservative than the corresponding factors adopted to calculate OELVs and DN(M)ELs. These differences can be ascribed to the toxicological parameters adopted for calculating RBSLair for workers that, although with different exposure factors, are the same used to calculate the limit values for sensitive receptors (e.g., children and the elderly). The comparison carried out on 110 substances typically of concern in contaminated sites showed that RBSLair for workers are noticeably more conservative than the corresponding OELV and DN(M)EL. RSBLair are more than two orders of magnitude lower than OELV and DN(M)EL for 50% of the examined substances and over three orders of magnitude in 25% of cases. In the future, a harmonization is desirable as, currently, the risk assessment for the same receptor and the same substance can lead to completely different outcomes depending on whether environmental or occupational exposure is considered.
{"title":"Review of reference values for the assessment of inhalation risks for workers at industrial contaminated sites","authors":"Maria Dalma Mangiapia, I. Verginelli, R. Baciocchi, M. Bogliolo, S. Berardi","doi":"10.1080/10807039.2022.2071206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2022.2071206","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study examines the procedures used to assess the inhalation risks of workers exposed to chemicals emitted from contaminated environmental matrices (“environmental exposure”) or to substances present in the productive cycle (“occupational exposure”). For the environmental exposure, the limit values for workers set by U.S. EPA (RBSLair) were considered. For the occupational exposure, the values set by EU directives (OELVs) and in the REACH regulation (DN(M)ELs) were examined. Despite a similar derivation methodology, the assessment and uncertainty factors employed to derive the RBSLair are more conservative than the corresponding factors adopted to calculate OELVs and DN(M)ELs. These differences can be ascribed to the toxicological parameters adopted for calculating RBSLair for workers that, although with different exposure factors, are the same used to calculate the limit values for sensitive receptors (e.g., children and the elderly). The comparison carried out on 110 substances typically of concern in contaminated sites showed that RBSLair for workers are noticeably more conservative than the corresponding OELV and DN(M)EL. RSBLair are more than two orders of magnitude lower than OELV and DN(M)EL for 50% of the examined substances and over three orders of magnitude in 25% of cases. In the future, a harmonization is desirable as, currently, the risk assessment for the same receptor and the same substance can lead to completely different outcomes depending on whether environmental or occupational exposure is considered.","PeriodicalId":13141,"journal":{"name":"Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"664 - 682"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90841610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-05DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2022.2071207
Sepideh Nemati-Mansour, K. Hudson-Edwards, A. Mohammadi, M. Asghari jafarabadi, M. Mosaferi
ABSTRACT Arsenic concentrations in different environmental media (water, soil/sediment, food) in Iran from studies performed 2008-2019 were analyzed, and health risk assessment was conducted to depict the arsenic pollution situation at the national scale. Seventy-one studies comprising 5,007 samples were included in the meta-analysis. The weighted concentrations of arsenic in ‘drinking water/water resources’, ‘soil/sediment’ and ‘Iranian rice/imported rice’ subgroups were ‘9.36, 39.2 µg/L’; ‘8.38, 14.9 mg/kg’ and ‘0.06, 0.112 mg/kg’, respectively. The weighted mean value for arsenic concentration in drinking water group was near the World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limit (10 μg/L). Mainly, geogenic sources were introduced as the most common sources of high arsenic manifestation in water resources. Regarding the soil and sediment, the maximum mean concentrations recorded in the vicinity of the mining areas (1700 mg/kg and 161 mg/kg, respectively). The average arsenic exposure from imported rice consumption was approximately 2 times higher than Iranian rice; however, the amount of lifetime cancer risk (LTCR) related to arsenic in both rice types was more than 1.0 × 10-4, indicating that consumers in Iran are at threshold carcinogenic risk of arsenic. The lowest and highest values of LTCR were observed at 9.52 × 10−6 for ‘soil’ and 7.52 × 10−4 for ‘water resources’, respectively. It is concluded that part of the Iranian population in specific regions may carry a relatively high risk, while others have a low risk.
{"title":"Environmental occurrence and health risk assessment of arsenic in Iran: a systematic review and Meta-analysis","authors":"Sepideh Nemati-Mansour, K. Hudson-Edwards, A. Mohammadi, M. Asghari jafarabadi, M. Mosaferi","doi":"10.1080/10807039.2022.2071207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2022.2071207","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Arsenic concentrations in different environmental media (water, soil/sediment, food) in Iran from studies performed 2008-2019 were analyzed, and health risk assessment was conducted to depict the arsenic pollution situation at the national scale. Seventy-one studies comprising 5,007 samples were included in the meta-analysis. The weighted concentrations of arsenic in ‘drinking water/water resources’, ‘soil/sediment’ and ‘Iranian rice/imported rice’ subgroups were ‘9.36, 39.2 µg/L’; ‘8.38, 14.9 mg/kg’ and ‘0.06, 0.112 mg/kg’, respectively. The weighted mean value for arsenic concentration in drinking water group was near the World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limit (10 μg/L). Mainly, geogenic sources were introduced as the most common sources of high arsenic manifestation in water resources. Regarding the soil and sediment, the maximum mean concentrations recorded in the vicinity of the mining areas (1700 mg/kg and 161 mg/kg, respectively). The average arsenic exposure from imported rice consumption was approximately 2 times higher than Iranian rice; however, the amount of lifetime cancer risk (LTCR) related to arsenic in both rice types was more than 1.0 × 10-4, indicating that consumers in Iran are at threshold carcinogenic risk of arsenic. The lowest and highest values of LTCR were observed at 9.52 × 10−6 for ‘soil’ and 7.52 × 10−4 for ‘water resources’, respectively. It is concluded that part of the Iranian population in specific regions may carry a relatively high risk, while others have a low risk.","PeriodicalId":13141,"journal":{"name":"Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal","volume":"71 1","pages":"683 - 710"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89699146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-05DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2022.2071209
Hanghang Zhao, Jianhua Wu, Fengmei Su, Xiaodong He
Abstract Nanoplastics (NPs) made from plastic fragments have attracted wide attention due to their extensive distribution and potential harm to organisms. In this study, the zeolite as raw samples, a new magnetic zeolite (MZ) adsorbent was successfully synthesized by co-precipitation method to remove polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs). The adsorption amounts of PSNPs by MZ sample enhanced with the increases of PSNPs initial concentration and the temperature in aquatic solutions. The maximum equilibrium adsorption amount could achieve 34.2 mg/g. The solution pH, co-existing anions, and ionic strength could significantly affect the removal of PSNPs. Comparing different adsorption models, it displays that the pseudo-second-order and Sips models could well fit the adsorption process of PSNPs by MZ. Based on the XPS analysis, the iron oxide functional groups exhibit an important role in capturing PSNPs. The potential adsorption mechanisms of PSNPs are summarized as electrostatic attraction, complexation, and π-π conjugation. Overall, the synthesized magnetic material can effectively remove NPs from aqueous solutions.
{"title":"Removal of polystyrene nanoplastics from aqueous solutions by a novel magnetic zeolite adsorbent","authors":"Hanghang Zhao, Jianhua Wu, Fengmei Su, Xiaodong He","doi":"10.1080/10807039.2022.2071209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2022.2071209","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nanoplastics (NPs) made from plastic fragments have attracted wide attention due to their extensive distribution and potential harm to organisms. In this study, the zeolite as raw samples, a new magnetic zeolite (MZ) adsorbent was successfully synthesized by co-precipitation method to remove polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs). The adsorption amounts of PSNPs by MZ sample enhanced with the increases of PSNPs initial concentration and the temperature in aquatic solutions. The maximum equilibrium adsorption amount could achieve 34.2 mg/g. The solution pH, co-existing anions, and ionic strength could significantly affect the removal of PSNPs. Comparing different adsorption models, it displays that the pseudo-second-order and Sips models could well fit the adsorption process of PSNPs by MZ. Based on the XPS analysis, the iron oxide functional groups exhibit an important role in capturing PSNPs. The potential adsorption mechanisms of PSNPs are summarized as electrostatic attraction, complexation, and π-π conjugation. Overall, the synthesized magnetic material can effectively remove NPs from aqueous solutions.","PeriodicalId":13141,"journal":{"name":"Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal","volume":"207 1","pages":"327 - 346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76202994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-03DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2022.2069081
Hosna Moradkhani, M. Leili, Jalal Puralajal, Ashraf Mazaheri Tehrani, A. Hossein Panahi, Mohammd Taghi Samadi, Sara Beheshtifar
Abstract The study aimed to evaluated the relationship between BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene and xylene) concentrations in the ambient air with human biomarkers in Assaluyeh city, Iran. According to the results, the average benzene concentration in the high pollution city was measured at 30.05 µg/m3, which is higher than the value recommended (0.03 mg/m3) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA). The mean spirometric parameters of the resident population in two high and low pollution areas were forced vital capacity (FVC) (high = 4.52; low = 4.78 L), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) (high = 3.52; low = 3.88 L), FEV1/FVC (high = 77.9; low = 82.08%), peak expiratory flow (PEF) (high = 9.76; low = 27.85 L/min), and forced inspiratory flow 25–75% (FEF25-75) (high = 3.17; low = 3.95 L/s). Besides, no statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups by comparison of blood tests and the mean concentration of BTEX. BTEX concentration was measured at zero in low pollution areas due to lack of traffic and industries, but it was higher than the respiratory air standard and in the high-pollution area due to the being close to gas and petrochemical stations and industries in the surrounding. As a result, prolonged exposure to higher concentrations of BTEX increases the risks of respiratory dysfunction.
{"title":"Association between BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene) concentration in ambient air with hematological and spirometric indices: a population-based study","authors":"Hosna Moradkhani, M. Leili, Jalal Puralajal, Ashraf Mazaheri Tehrani, A. Hossein Panahi, Mohammd Taghi Samadi, Sara Beheshtifar","doi":"10.1080/10807039.2022.2069081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2022.2069081","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The study aimed to evaluated the relationship between BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene and xylene) concentrations in the ambient air with human biomarkers in Assaluyeh city, Iran. According to the results, the average benzene concentration in the high pollution city was measured at 30.05 µg/m3, which is higher than the value recommended (0.03 mg/m3) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA). The mean spirometric parameters of the resident population in two high and low pollution areas were forced vital capacity (FVC) (high = 4.52; low = 4.78 L), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) (high = 3.52; low = 3.88 L), FEV1/FVC (high = 77.9; low = 82.08%), peak expiratory flow (PEF) (high = 9.76; low = 27.85 L/min), and forced inspiratory flow 25–75% (FEF25-75) (high = 3.17; low = 3.95 L/s). Besides, no statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups by comparison of blood tests and the mean concentration of BTEX. BTEX concentration was measured at zero in low pollution areas due to lack of traffic and industries, but it was higher than the respiratory air standard and in the high-pollution area due to the being close to gas and petrochemical stations and industries in the surrounding. As a result, prolonged exposure to higher concentrations of BTEX increases the risks of respiratory dysfunction.","PeriodicalId":13141,"journal":{"name":"Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"490 - 506"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78831720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-03DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2022.2071208
S. Giri, A. Singh
Abstract The study was taken up to assess the fluoride concentration in the plant and animal based food items (cereals, pulses, vegetables, milk, chicken, egg and fish) in the vicinity of mica mining areas of Jharkhand which is rich in fluoride bearing minerals like biotite, muscovite, apatite, etc. The highest fluoride concentrations were observed in the wheat and chicken samples amongst the plant and animal origin foods, respectively. The leafy vegetables accumulated higher fluoride content as compared to other vegetables. The estimated daily intake (EDI) exceeded the Provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) of fluoride of 0.04 mg/kg/day in some of the wheat and rice samples. For the assessment of non-carcinogenic risk of fluoride, Hazard Quotient (HQ) and Hazard Indices (HI) were calculated as per United States Environmental Protection Agency methodology. The HQ of wheat and rice were highest amongst all the food items and contributed about 69% of the total risk. The hazard index (HI) for the adult population in view of the content of fluoride in the food samples ranged from 0.409 to 3.04 considering all the locations. HI exceeded unity in 60% of the locations, indicating non-carcinogenic risk to the populace. Higher HIs were assessed in the locations under the influence of mica mining activities.
{"title":"Fluoride exposure and its potential health risk assessment through ingestion of food in the mica mining areas of Jharkhand, India","authors":"S. Giri, A. Singh","doi":"10.1080/10807039.2022.2071208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2022.2071208","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The study was taken up to assess the fluoride concentration in the plant and animal based food items (cereals, pulses, vegetables, milk, chicken, egg and fish) in the vicinity of mica mining areas of Jharkhand which is rich in fluoride bearing minerals like biotite, muscovite, apatite, etc. The highest fluoride concentrations were observed in the wheat and chicken samples amongst the plant and animal origin foods, respectively. The leafy vegetables accumulated higher fluoride content as compared to other vegetables. The estimated daily intake (EDI) exceeded the Provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) of fluoride of 0.04 mg/kg/day in some of the wheat and rice samples. For the assessment of non-carcinogenic risk of fluoride, Hazard Quotient (HQ) and Hazard Indices (HI) were calculated as per United States Environmental Protection Agency methodology. The HQ of wheat and rice were highest amongst all the food items and contributed about 69% of the total risk. The hazard index (HI) for the adult population in view of the content of fluoride in the food samples ranged from 0.409 to 3.04 considering all the locations. HI exceeded unity in 60% of the locations, indicating non-carcinogenic risk to the populace. Higher HIs were assessed in the locations under the influence of mica mining activities.","PeriodicalId":13141,"journal":{"name":"Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"507 - 520"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87771673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-25DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2022.2067520
Honglong Zhang, Jun Yan, Jingping Niu, Haiping Wang, Xun Li
Abstract Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) co-exposure have been inconsistently associated with blood pressure (BP) and hypertension (HTN). This cross-sectional study included 309 participants who completed a health examination and had blood Cd (Cd-B) and Pb (Pb-B) levels measured. The association between Cd, Pb, and their combined exposure levels, with systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and HTN was evaluated using models which were stratified according to sex, age, BMI, and smoking habit categories. The results found both increasing Cd-B and Pb-B were associated with elevated SBP and DBP in the overall population. In addition, increases in Cd-B and Pb-B were also associated with increased risk of HTN in overall and stratified models. Moreover, compared with the low exposure group, co-exposure to high levels of Cd and Pb was associated with increased SBP (β = 10.95, 95% CI: 5.69, 16.21), increased DBP (β = 5.09, 95% CI: 1.53, 8.66), and increased HTN risk (OR = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.15, 5.21) in the overall model, and above results were different in the stratified model. This study provides evidence of an association between Cd and/or Pb exposure levels, BP, and HTN. However, the significance of this association differed according to sex, age, BMI, and smoking habit. Highlights Cadmium/lead exposure is associated with elevated blood pressure and hypertension. Cadmium and lead co-exposure increased blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner. Results revealed differences according to sex, age, BMI, and smoking habit category. Health oversight should be implemented for residents with high heavy metal exposure.
{"title":"Association between cadmium and lead co-exposure, blood pressure, and hypertension: a cross-sectional study from northwest China","authors":"Honglong Zhang, Jun Yan, Jingping Niu, Haiping Wang, Xun Li","doi":"10.1080/10807039.2022.2067520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2022.2067520","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) co-exposure have been inconsistently associated with blood pressure (BP) and hypertension (HTN). This cross-sectional study included 309 participants who completed a health examination and had blood Cd (Cd-B) and Pb (Pb-B) levels measured. The association between Cd, Pb, and their combined exposure levels, with systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and HTN was evaluated using models which were stratified according to sex, age, BMI, and smoking habit categories. The results found both increasing Cd-B and Pb-B were associated with elevated SBP and DBP in the overall population. In addition, increases in Cd-B and Pb-B were also associated with increased risk of HTN in overall and stratified models. Moreover, compared with the low exposure group, co-exposure to high levels of Cd and Pb was associated with increased SBP (β = 10.95, 95% CI: 5.69, 16.21), increased DBP (β = 5.09, 95% CI: 1.53, 8.66), and increased HTN risk (OR = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.15, 5.21) in the overall model, and above results were different in the stratified model. This study provides evidence of an association between Cd and/or Pb exposure levels, BP, and HTN. However, the significance of this association differed according to sex, age, BMI, and smoking habit. Highlights Cadmium/lead exposure is associated with elevated blood pressure and hypertension. Cadmium and lead co-exposure increased blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner. Results revealed differences according to sex, age, BMI, and smoking habit category. Health oversight should be implemented for residents with high heavy metal exposure.","PeriodicalId":13141,"journal":{"name":"Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"471 - 489"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79717559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-19DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2022.2064814
Rabbia Mahum, Haris Munir, Z. Mughal, M. Awais, Falak Sher Khan, Muhammad Saqlain, Saipunidzam Mahamad, I. Tlili
Abstract Potato disease management plays a valuable role in the agriculture field as it might cause a significant loss in crops production. Therefore, timely recognition and classification of potato leaves diseases are necessary to minimize the loss, however, it is time taking task and requires human efforts. Thus, an accurate automated technique for timely detection and classification is needed to cope with the aforementioned challenges.There exist techniques grounded on machine learning and deep learning procedures that use the existing dataset i.e., ‘The Plant Village Dataset’ and perform classification into only two classes in potato leaves. Therefore, this article proposes a technique based on an improved deep learning algorithm that uses the potato leaf visual features to classify them into five classes i.e., Potato Late Blight (PLB), Potato Early Blight (PEB), Potato Leaf Roll (PLR), Potato Verticillium_wilt (PVw) and Potato Healthy (PH) class. The propose model is trained on the existing dataset i.e., “The Plant Village” that comprises of images having two ailments such as Early Blight (EB) and Late Blight (LB), and a Healthy class for potato leaves. Additionally, we have gathered the data for classes i.e., Potato Leaf Roll (PLR), Potato Verticillium_wilt (PVw) and Potato Healthy (PH) manually. A pre-trained Efficient DenseNet model has been employed utilizing an extra transition layer in DenseNet-201 to classify the potato leave diseases efficiently. Moreover, the usage of the reweighted cross-entropy loss function makes our proposed algorithm more robust as the training data is highly imbalanced. The dense connections with regularization power help to minimize the overfitting during the training of small training sets of potato leaves samples. The proposed algorithm is a novel and first technique to address and report the successful implementation for the detection and classification of four diseases in potato leaves. The algorithm’s performance was evaluated on the testing set and gave an accuracy of 97.2%. Various experiments have been performed to confirm that our proposed algorithm is more consistent and proficient to detect and classify potato leaves diseases than existing models.
{"title":"A novel framework for potato leaf disease detection using an efficient deep learning model","authors":"Rabbia Mahum, Haris Munir, Z. Mughal, M. Awais, Falak Sher Khan, Muhammad Saqlain, Saipunidzam Mahamad, I. Tlili","doi":"10.1080/10807039.2022.2064814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2022.2064814","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Potato disease management plays a valuable role in the agriculture field as it might cause a significant loss in crops production. Therefore, timely recognition and classification of potato leaves diseases are necessary to minimize the loss, however, it is time taking task and requires human efforts. Thus, an accurate automated technique for timely detection and classification is needed to cope with the aforementioned challenges.There exist techniques grounded on machine learning and deep learning procedures that use the existing dataset i.e., ‘The Plant Village Dataset’ and perform classification into only two classes in potato leaves. Therefore, this article proposes a technique based on an improved deep learning algorithm that uses the potato leaf visual features to classify them into five classes i.e., Potato Late Blight (PLB), Potato Early Blight (PEB), Potato Leaf Roll (PLR), Potato Verticillium_wilt (PVw) and Potato Healthy (PH) class. The propose model is trained on the existing dataset i.e., “The Plant Village” that comprises of images having two ailments such as Early Blight (EB) and Late Blight (LB), and a Healthy class for potato leaves. Additionally, we have gathered the data for classes i.e., Potato Leaf Roll (PLR), Potato Verticillium_wilt (PVw) and Potato Healthy (PH) manually. A pre-trained Efficient DenseNet model has been employed utilizing an extra transition layer in DenseNet-201 to classify the potato leave diseases efficiently. Moreover, the usage of the reweighted cross-entropy loss function makes our proposed algorithm more robust as the training data is highly imbalanced. The dense connections with regularization power help to minimize the overfitting during the training of small training sets of potato leaves samples. The proposed algorithm is a novel and first technique to address and report the successful implementation for the detection and classification of four diseases in potato leaves. The algorithm’s performance was evaluated on the testing set and gave an accuracy of 97.2%. Various experiments have been performed to confirm that our proposed algorithm is more consistent and proficient to detect and classify potato leaves diseases than existing models.","PeriodicalId":13141,"journal":{"name":"Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal","volume":"40 1","pages":"303 - 326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89243607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：