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Multi-parameter identification method of induction motor based on coupling and small signal injection 基于耦合和小信号注入的感应电机多参数识别方法
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1049/elp2.12480
Zhihong Zhong, Xiaochun Fang, Fei Lin, Zhongping Yang

Sensorless induction motor control has been widely applied to the rail transit field. However, achieving a safe stop of a train using electric braking without applying air braking has been an urgent problem to be solved. The current research only considers the stability of the speed identification in the low-speed region and does not consider the impact of inaccurate parameters on the stability, which cannot ensure the stable braking and parking of the train under all working conditions. To address this problem, the coupling relationship between the motor speed and the stator resistance is used and an adaptive rate of them is designed based on the Lyapunov stability design law. In addition, aiming to reduce the torque ripple, a torque ripple elimination link is designed to cancel the torque ripple caused by the small-signal injection. Experiments show that the proposed parallel identification strategy of speed, stator resistance, and rotor resistance can ensure the system operation stability in the low- and zero-speed regions without increasing the torque ripple.

无传感器感应电机控制已广泛应用于轨道交通领域。然而,如何在不采用空气制动的情况下利用电力制动实现列车安全停车一直是亟待解决的问题。目前的研究只考虑了低速区速度识别的稳定性,没有考虑参数不准确对稳定性的影响,无法保证列车在所有工况下的稳定制动和停车。针对这一问题,采用了电机转速与定子电阻的耦合关系,并根据李雅普诺夫稳定性设计定律设计了其自适应速率。此外,为了降低转矩纹波,还设计了转矩纹波消除环节,以消除小信号注入引起的转矩纹波。实验表明,所提出的转速、定子电阻和转子电阻并行识别策略可以确保系统在低速和零速区域的运行稳定性,而不会增加转矩纹波。
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引用次数: 0
A non-intrusive method for friction and windage losses estimation in induction motors 感应电机摩擦和风蚀损失的非侵入式估算方法
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-08-18 DOI: 10.1049/elp2.12482
Moslem Geravandi, Hassan Moradi

In the in-service induction motors (IMs), friction and windage losses (FWL) value should be determined non-intrusively. Hence, in the in-service IMs, instead of measuring FWL, empirical equations are used to estimate FWL value. A novel technique is proposed for estimating the FWL value in low-voltage three-phase IMs based on obtained data from applying the no-load test on 425 simulated IMs in the MATLAB software. The simulated IMs are 380 V, 50 Hz, with different numbers of poles in the power range of 0.37–400 kW. The FWL value for simulated IMs is calculated based on the IEEE 112 standard and by applying the no-load test. Then, based on the dispersion of the obtained data from the no-load test and using non-linear regression, according to the number of IM poles for each number of poles, a third-degree equation for FWL estimation is fitted to the test data. The proposed method to estimate the FWL value only needs the nominal output power listed on the IM nameplate. Also, unlike existing empirical relationships, the proposed approach estimates the FWL value for IMs with high accuracy and non-intrusively. The effectiveness of the suggested technique is confirmed by simulation and practical results.

在使用中的感应电机(IM)中,摩擦和风动损失(FWL)值应以非侵入方式确定。因此,在使用中的感应电机中,使用经验方程来估算 FWL 值,而不是测量 FWL 值。根据在 MATLAB 软件中对 425 个模拟 IM 进行空载测试所获得的数据,提出了一种估算低压三相 IM 中 FWL 值的新技术。模拟 IM 的电压为 380 V,频率为 50 Hz,功率范围为 0.37-400 kW,具有不同的极数。模拟 IM 的 FWL 值是根据 IEEE 112 标准并通过空载测试计算得出的。然后,根据空载测试所得数据的离散性,并使用非线性回归,按照每个极数的 IM 极数,对测试数据拟合出用于估算 FWL 的三度方程。拟议的 FWL 估值方法只需要 IM 铭牌上列出的额定输出功率。此外,与现有的经验关系不同,所提出的方法能高精度、无干扰地估算出 IM 的 FWL 值。模拟和实际结果证实了所建议技术的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Application of symmetric uncertainty and emperor penguin–grey wolf optimisation for feature selection in motor fault classification 对称不确定性和帝企鹅-灰狼优化法在电机故障分类特征选择中的应用
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.1049/elp2.12459
Chun-Yao Lee, Truong-An Le, Wei-Lun Chien, Shih-Che Hsu

The authors present a model for diagnosing motor faults based on machine learning, demonstrating advantages over other algorithms in terms of both improved fitness values and reduced running time. The structure of the model involves three primary phases: feature extraction, feature selection and classification. During the feature extraction phase, crucial features are identified using empirical mode decomposition, fast Fourier transform and multiresolution analysis, resulting in a total of 144 features. The feature selection stage employs a new strategy that combines symmetrical uncertainty in the filter approach with the binary grey wolf optimiser and emperor penguin optimiser in the wrapper approach. Finally, a support vector machine is used for classification to generate fitness values. To validate the model's effectiveness and accuracy, motor fault current signal datasets, case Western Reserve University (CWRU) benchmark datasets and mechanical failure prevention technology benchmark datasets are utilised. In the motor fault current signal dataset, the highest average accuracy achieved is 99.95%, with a minimum average running time of 88.02 s obtained under ∞dB conditions. Regarding benchmark datasets and mechanical failures at CWRU, using the prevention technology benchmark dataset resulted in classification accuracies of 99.54% and 99.52%, respectively. Comparative analysis with traditional algorithms reveals that symmetric uncertainty and emperor penguin–grey wolf optimisation model outperforms traditional models in terms of performance.

作者介绍了一种基于机器学习的电机故障诊断模型,该模型与其他算法相比,在提高适配值和缩短运行时间方面都具有优势。该模型的结构包括三个主要阶段:特征提取、特征选择和分类。在特征提取阶段,利用经验模式分解、快速傅里叶变换和多分辨率分析确定关键特征,共获得 144 个特征。特征选择阶段采用了一种新策略,将滤波器方法中的对称不确定性与包装方法中的二元灰狼优化器和帝企鹅优化器相结合。最后,使用支持向量机进行分类,生成适应度值。为了验证模型的有效性和准确性,我们使用了电机故障电流信号数据集、案例西储大学(CWRU)基准数据集和机械故障预防技术基准数据集。在电机故障电流信号数据集中,最高平均准确率达到 99.95%,在 ∞dB 条件下,平均运行时间最短为 88.02 秒。关于 CWRU 的基准数据集和机械故障,使用预防技术基准数据集的分类准确率分别为 99.54% 和 99.52%。与传统算法的对比分析表明,对称不确定性和帝企鹅-灰狼优化模型的性能优于传统模型。
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引用次数: 0
Derating factor determination of the three-phase induction motor under unbalanced voltage using pumping system 利用泵送系统确定不平衡电压下三相感应电动机的降额系数
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1049/elp2.12479
Samar Hameed Majeed, Seyed Ghodratolah Seifossadat, Mohsen Saniei, Seyyed Sajjad Moosapour

A novel method is presented for determining the derating factors of a three-phase induction motor under the condition of the unbalanced supply voltages. In this method, a mechanical system is used which consist of the a centrifugal pump, two valves, a DC motor, which are connected to the shaft of the three-phase induction motor. A sliding mode control system is used for position control of the DC motor for adjusting the valve angle for derating the induction motor. The authors present the results of an experiment in which a three-phase induction motor was subjected to various unbalanced voltage conditions. The results of simulations were used to look into what happened when there were different levels of imbalanced voltage. This was done to determine how these situations changed an induction motor's speed, torque, and efficiency. For this system, the stator current would be greater than the rated current if there was an imbalance in the supply voltage. Therefore, to reduce the amount of power that the three-phase induction motor can produce, the control system uses a DC motor to reduce the angle of one of the two valves. This decreasing angle continues until the root mean square value of the stator current returns to the rated current. At this point, the derating factor may be calculated by dividing the output power of the three-phase induction motor in the unbalanced condition by the output power when there are ideal sinusoidal. The MATLAB SIMULINK environment is utilised to perform simulations of the proposed system.

本文提出了一种在不平衡电源电压条件下确定三相感应电动机降额系数的新方法。在该方法中,使用了一个机械系统,该系统由一个离心泵、两个阀门和一个直流电机组成,它们与三相感应电机的轴相连。滑动模式控制系统用于直流电机的位置控制,以调整阀门角度,从而降低感应电机的功率。作者介绍了三相感应电机在各种不平衡电压条件下的实验结果。模拟结果用于研究不同不平衡电压水平下的情况。这样做是为了确定这些情况如何改变感应电机的转速、扭矩和效率。对于该系统,如果电源电压不平衡,定子电流将大于额定电流。因此,为了减少三相异步电机能够产生的功率,控制系统使用直流电机来减小两个阀门中一个阀门的角度。这种角度的减小一直持续到定子电流的均方根值恢复到额定电流为止。此时,用三相异步电机在不平衡状态下的输出功率除以理想正弦状态下的输出功率,即可计算出降额系数。利用 MATLAB SIMULINK 环境对拟议系统进行仿真。
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引用次数: 0
Air-gap field prediction in tubular doubly sided surface magnet machine using Bessel–Fourier series 利用贝塞尔-傅里叶级数预测管状双面表面磁铁机器中的气隙场
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.1049/elp2.12473
M. H. Javanmardi, A. Rahideh

2-D air-gap magnetic field distribution is the essential prerequisite of electrical machine analysis. Because of the natural periodicity of rotary machines, Fourier analysis is a suitable choice for air-gap field prediction. However, due to the end-effect, periodicity is not present in linear machines and the Fourier series is not appropriate. In engineering mathematics, a rigorous method of solving partial differential equations is the separation of the variables method (SVM) which is based on the hypothesis that the field solution is in the form of the product of two functions of orthogonal directions; for example, in an axisymmetric structure, a longitudinal harmonic function (LHF) and a radial harmonic function (RHF). A particular case of these functions is trigonometric functions, which result in the Fourier series. SVM is imposed in a different manner, where RHF is approximated by the Bessel–Fourier series and consequently LHF has a (piecewise) exponential behaviour. This choice of basis functions not only serves the purpose of modelling the end-effect but also removes the Gibbs phenomenon, that is, it precisely models discontinuities of flux density at the surface of PMs. A numerical case-study of a slotless double-sided linear tubular surface-PM machine shows that the piecewise exponential approximation can attain 1% error while utilising only three harmonics, whereas the trigonometric approximation, due to the Gibbs phenomenon, slowly arrives at 20% error with 100 harmonics for approximating flux density. Results of both methods were validated using the finite element method (FEM). Additionally, it was discovered that the computational complexity of the model is independent of varying position; therefore, the analytical method could yield the back electromotive force and electromagnetic thrust force for a number of 320 positions at merely 0.2 s while the FEM software required 5 min.

二维气隙磁场分布是电机分析的基本前提。由于旋转电机具有天然周期性,傅里叶分析法是气隙磁场预测的合适选择。然而,由于末端效应,线性机器不存在周期性,因此傅里叶级数并不合适。在工程数学中,解决偏微分方程的严格方法是变量分离法 (SVM),该方法基于以下假设:场解是两个正交方向函数的乘积形式;例如,在轴对称结构中,纵向谐函数 (LHF) 和径向谐函数 (RHF)。这些函数的一个特殊情况是三角函数,其结果是傅里叶级数。SVM 采用不同的方式,其中 RHF 由贝塞尔-傅里叶级数近似,因此 LHF 具有(片断)指数行为。这种基函数的选择不仅达到了模拟末端效应的目的,还消除了吉布斯现象,即精确地模拟了 PM 表面通量密度的不连续性。对一台无槽双面线性管状表面 PM 机的数值案例研究表明,片断指数近似法仅使用三次谐波就能达到 1%的误差,而三角近似法由于存在吉布斯现象,在使用 100 次谐波近似磁通密度时,误差会缓慢达到 20%。使用有限元法(FEM)对两种方法的结果进行了验证。此外,研究还发现,模型的计算复杂度与位置变化无关;因此,分析方法仅需 0.2 秒就能计算出 320 个位置的反向电动势和电磁推力,而有限元软件则需要 5 分钟。
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引用次数: 0
An adaptive gain phase-locked loop for position sensorless control of permanent magnet synchronous motor drives 用于永磁同步电机驱动器无位置传感器控制的自适应增益锁相环
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.1049/elp2.12474
Pengcheng Han, Ying Lou, Chao Wu, Li Zeng, Huimin Wang

In view of the cost and reliability issues caused by mechanical position sensors, position sensorless control (PSC) of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) has received widespread attention. A series of rotor position estimation (RPE) schemes have been developed, in which the phase-locked loop (PLL) plays an important role. However, the conventional phase-locked loops face two thorny issues, one is the degradation of RPE performance under motor acceleration and deceleration conditions, and the other is high noise sensitivity. To this end, an adaptive gain PLL (AG-PLL) is proposed for PSC of PMSM drives. The gains of the loop filter in the proposed AG-PLL are adaptively adjusted with the estimation error in order to find a compromise between the estimation performance under motor acceleration and deceleration conditions and the noise sensitivity. Moreover, the proposed scheme avoids increasing the order of the PLL, so its dynamic performance is also guaranteed. The proposed scheme is tested based on the hardware-in-the-loop platform.

鉴于机械位置传感器带来的成本和可靠性问题,永磁同步电机(PMSM)的无位置传感器控制(PSC)受到了广泛关注。目前已开发出一系列转子位置估算(RPE)方案,其中锁相环(PLL)发挥了重要作用。然而,传统的锁相环面临两个棘手的问题,一是在电机加速和减速条件下 RPE 性能下降,二是噪声灵敏度高。为此,我们提出了一种用于 PMSM 驱动器 PSC 的自适应增益锁相环(AG-PLL)。建议的 AG-PLL 中环路滤波器的增益随估计误差进行自适应调整,以便在电机加速和减速条件下的估计性能与噪声灵敏度之间找到折衷方案。此外,所提出的方案避免了增加 PLL 的阶数,因此也保证了其动态性能。基于硬件在环平台对所提出的方案进行了测试。
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引用次数: 0
Modelling and optimisation of the surface-mounted permanent magnet machine with multi-level array magnets 带多级阵列磁体的表面安装式永磁机械的建模和优化
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.1049/elp2.12478
Longxuan Li, Zhaoliang Chen, Wenliang Zhao, Chengwu Diao, Byung-il Kwon

An analytical and optimisation method is presented to improve the air-gap magnetic field of the surface-mounted permanent magnet machine with multi-level array magnets, which can reduce air-gap magnetic field harmonics and torque ripple. Different from the conventional analytical method (AM) around the entire single-magnet pole, the modelling method of multi-level equal-thickness ferrite magnets with different remanences for improving the air-gap flux density is investigated. Considering the influence of air-gap relative permeability by stator slots and multi-level magnet remanences on the air-gap flux density, the proposed AM for improving air-gap flux density is derived by analysing the slotless air-gap flux density and slotted air-gap relative permeability. The cogging torque is predicted with energy method by analysing the tangential magnetic field distribution at stator slots. Then, the back electromotive force is predicted by analysing the winding distribution and radial air-gap flux density. Based on the proposed AM, the simulated annealing particle swarm optimisation algorithm is used by optimising the widths and thicknesses of the multi-level array magnets to further reduce torque ripple and increase output torque. Finally, the accuracy of the proposed AM is verified by comparing with the finite element method.

本文提出了一种分析和优化方法,用于改善采用多级阵列磁体的表面贴装式永磁机械的气隙磁场,从而降低气隙磁场谐波和转矩纹波。与围绕整个单磁极的传统分析方法(AM)不同,研究了具有不同剩磁的多级等厚铁氧体磁体的建模方法,以改善气隙磁通密度。考虑到定子槽和多级磁体剩磁对气隙磁通密度的影响,通过分析无槽气隙磁通密度和有槽气隙相对磁导率,得出了用于改善气隙磁通密度的拟议 AM。通过分析定子槽的切向磁场分布,用能量法预测了齿槽转矩。然后,通过分析绕组分布和径向气隙磁通密度来预测反向电动势。在所提出的 AM 基础上,使用模拟退火粒子群优化算法优化多级阵列磁体的宽度和厚度,以进一步降低扭矩纹波并增加输出扭矩。最后,通过与有限元法进行比较,验证了所提出的 AM 的准确性。
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引用次数: 0
Transformer partial discharge fault diagnosis based on improved adaptive local iterative filtering-bidirectional long short-term memory 基于改进型自适应局部迭代滤波-双向长短期记忆的变压器局部放电故障诊断
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.1049/elp2.12471
Haikun Shang, Zixuan Zhao, Ranzhe Zhang, Zhiming Wang, Jiawen Li

Insulation deterioration, which is mainly caused by partial discharge (PD) occurring inside power transformers, is one of the prime reasons to cause transformer faults. Therefore, an effective diagnosis of PD is crucial to ensure the safe and stable operation of transformers. To extract more effective features that characterise transformers PD signals and enhance the recognition accuracy, a novel transformer PD fault diagnosis model based on improved adaptive local iterative filtering (ALIF) and bidirectional long short-term memory (BILSTM) neural network is proposed. Addressing the issue of predetermined decomposition levels and accuracy in ALIF decomposition, the golden jackal optimisation (GJO) algorithm is introduced to optimise the parameters. The proposed fault diagnostic model extracts dominant PD features employing the improved ALIF and Refined Composite Multi-Scale Dispersion Entropy and improves the diagnostic accuracy with the optimised BILSTM by introducing GJO. Experimental data evaluates the performance of support vector machine, long short-term memory and BILSTM. The results verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed model.

绝缘劣化主要由电力变压器内部发生的局部放电(PD)引起,是导致变压器故障的主要原因之一。因此,有效诊断局部放电对确保变压器的安全稳定运行至关重要。为了提取更有效的变压器 PD 信号特征并提高识别精度,本文提出了一种基于改进型自适应局部迭代滤波(ALIF)和双向长短期记忆(BILSTM)神经网络的新型变压器 PD 故障诊断模型。为解决 ALIF 分解中的预定分解级别和精度问题,引入了金豺优化(GJO)算法来优化参数。所提出的故障诊断模型利用改进的 ALIF 和精炼复合多尺度离散熵提取了主要的 PD 特征,并通过引入 GJO 提高了优化 BILSTM 的诊断准确性。实验数据评估了支持向量机、长短期记忆和 BILSTM 的性能。结果验证了所提模型的有效性和优越性。
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引用次数: 0
Reduction of losses in dual-permanent-magnet-excited Vernier machine by segmented stator for electric aircraft 通过分段定子降低电动飞机双永磁励磁维尔纳机的损耗
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.1049/elp2.12476
Jinghua Ji, Chen Jia, Wenxiang Zhao, Zhijian Ling, Yu Zeng, Zongwang Li

The authors present a low-loss dual-permanent-magnet-excited vernier (DPMEV) machine with segmented stator design to meet the requirements of low iron loss of electric aircraft based on the field modulation theory. The stator topology features and losses of both the original and segmented DPMEV machines are comparatively investigated. Then, the armature air-gap flux density is deduced by the magnetic motive force-permeance model, and the influence of each harmonic on the losses are analysed. It is found that the harmonic which produces losses in the original machine reduced greatly after introducing the segmented structure. Furthermore, the electromagnetic performances of two DPMEV machines are comparatively analysed by finite element analysis. Finally, two prototypes of the original and segmented DPMEV machines are built and tested to verify the theoretical analysis.

作者基于场调制理论,提出了一种采用分段式定子设计的低损耗双永磁励磁游标(DPMEV)机,以满足电动飞机对低铁损的要求。比较研究了原始和分段式 DPMEV 机器的定子拓扑特征和损耗。然后,通过磁动力-磁导率模型推导出电枢气隙磁通密度,并分析了各次谐波对损耗的影响。结果发现,引入分段结构后,原机产生损耗的谐波大大减少。此外,还通过有限元分析比较分析了两台 DPMEV 机器的电磁性能。最后,制造并测试了原始和分段式 DPMEV 机器的两个原型,以验证理论分析。
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引用次数: 0
Analytical modelling of the linear transverse flux permanent magnet motor using magnetic equivalent circuit method 使用磁性等效电路法对线性横向磁通永磁电机进行分析建模
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.1049/elp2.12475
Morteza Akhlaqi, Babak Ganji, Payam Vahedi

The authors propose an analytical modelling approach for the linear transverse flux permanent magnet motor using the magnetic equivalent circuit method. The main focus of this study is to predict the phase flux-linkage characteristic of the motor. Essential equations required for implementation of the model and how to solve it are described clearly so that someone can use it easily. A typical motor is selected to apply the proposed model and simulation results, including static characteristics of flux-linkage and thrust, are presented. To validate the developed analytical model, the discussed motor is also analysed with 3D finite element method using MAXWELL software and the obtained simulation results are compared to each other.

作者利用磁等效电路方法提出了线性横磁通永磁电机的分析建模方法。这项研究的重点是预测电机的相磁通量-联结特性。作者清楚地描述了实现该模型所需的基本方程和求解方法,以便于人们使用。研究选取了一个典型的电机来应用所提出的模型,并给出了仿真结果,包括磁通-联结和推力的静态特性。为了验证所开发的分析模型,还使用 MAXWELL 软件以三维有限元法对所讨论的电机进行了分析,并将获得的模拟结果相互进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Iet Electric Power Applications
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