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SPR-Based Sensor for the Early Detection or Monitoring of Kidney Problems. 基于spr的肾脏问题早期检测或监测传感器。
IF 3.1 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-06-16 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9135172
Budi Mulyanti, Harbi Setyo Nugroho, Chandra Wulandari, Yuni Rahmawati, Lilik Hasanah, Ida Hamidah, Roer Eka Pawinanto, Burhanuddin Yeop Majlis

SPR-based technology has emerged as one of the most versatile optical tools for analyzing the binding mechanism of molecular interaction due to its inherent advantages in sensing applications, such as real-time, label-free, and high sensitivity characteristics. SPR is widely used in various fields, including healthcare, environmental management, and food-borne illness analysis. Meanwhile, kidney disease has grown to be one of the world's most serious public health problems in recent decades, resulting in physical degeneration and even death. As a result, several studies have published their findings regarding developing of reliable sensor technology based on the SPR phenomenon. However, an integrated and comprehensive discussion regarding the application of SPR-based sensors for detecting of kidney disease has not yet been found. Therefore, this review will discuss the recent advancements in the development of SPR-based sensors for monitoring kidney-related diseases. Numerous SPR configurations will be discussed, including Kretschmann, Otto, optical fiber-based SPR, and LSPR, which are all used to detect analytes associated with kidney disease, including urea, creatinine, glucose, uric acid, and dopamine. This review aims to show the broad application of SPR sensors which encouraged the development of SPR sensors for kidney problems monitoring.

由于在传感应用中具有实时性、无标记性和高灵敏度等固有优势,基于spr的技术已成为分析分子相互作用结合机制的最通用的光学工具之一。SPR广泛应用于各个领域,包括医疗保健、环境管理和食源性疾病分析。与此同时,肾脏疾病已成为近几十年来世界上最严重的公共卫生问题之一,导致身体退化甚至死亡。因此,一些研究已经发表了他们关于基于SPR现象开发可靠传感器技术的研究结果。然而,关于基于spr的传感器在肾脏疾病检测中的应用还没有一个完整和全面的讨论。因此,本文将讨论基于spr传感器监测肾脏相关疾病的最新进展。我们将讨论多种SPR配置,包括Kretschmann、Otto、基于光纤的SPR和LSPR,它们都用于检测与肾脏疾病相关的分析物,包括尿素、肌酐、葡萄糖、尿酸和多巴胺。本文综述了SPR传感器的广泛应用,促进了SPR传感器在肾脏问题监测中的发展。
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引用次数: 1
Effects of Disinfection Methods on the Color Stability of Precolored and Hand-Colored Maxillofacial Silicone: An In Vitro Study. 消毒方法对预着色和手着色颌面硅胶颜色稳定性影响的体外研究
IF 3.1 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-06-13 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7744744
Natdhanai Chotprasert, Binit Shrestha, Kawin Sipiyaruk

Maxillofacial prostheses are used in rehabilitation of patients with facial defects. Typically, these prostheses are fabricated with medical grade silicone and are tinted corresponding to the patients' natural skin color. However, exposure to environment and disinfectants can result in color changes. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of four different disinfection methods on the color stability of precolored and hand-colored maxillofacial silicones. Forty specimens each of precolored and hand-colored silicone were prepared. The specimens were randomly divided into eight groups (n = 10) and cleansed with four different disinfection methods. Disinfection was carried out six times/day for 60 days, simulating once-a-day disinfection for a year. Color evaluation was carried out at day 0 and day 60 using a UV-vis spectrophotometer. Color alterations were calculated by the CIE L a b system. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey HSD and t-tests (α = 0.05). Disinfectants can affect the color stability of maxillofacial silicone. In our study, chlorhexidine solution and liquid soap resulted in the highest color change. Precolored silicone showed higher color stability than its hand-colored counterpart.

颌面修复术是修复面部缺损的重要手段。通常,这些假体由医用级硅胶制成,并根据患者的自然肤色进行染色。然而,暴露在环境和消毒剂中会导致颜色变化。本研究旨在评价四种不同消毒方法对预着色和手工着色的颌面部有机硅颜色稳定性的影响。预着色硅胶和手工着色硅胶各制备40个样品。随机分为8组(n = 10),采用4种不同的消毒方法清洗。每天消毒6次,连续60天,模拟每天消毒1次,连续1年。在第0天和第60天使用紫外-可见分光光度计进行颜色评价。颜色变化由CIE L * a * b *系统计算。数据采用双因素方差分析,采用事后Tukey HSD和t检验(α = 0.05)。消毒剂会影响颌面部硅胶的颜色稳定性。在我们的研究中,氯己定溶液和液体肥皂的颜色变化最大。预着色的硅胶比手工着色的硅胶表现出更高的颜色稳定性。
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引用次数: 2
Physical Properties and Color Stainability by Coffee and Red Wine of Opaque and High Translucency Zirconia Dental Ceramics after Hydrothermal Degradation 不透明和高透光性氧化锆口腔陶瓷水热降解后的物理性能和咖啡红染色性能
IF 3.1 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-05-21 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1571729
Ana Lúcia Nascimento Oliveira, C. Elias, Heraldo Elias Salomão Dos Santos, Claudinei dos Santos, R. de Biasi
The objective was to evaluate the bending strength, phase transformation, roughness, and color stainability by coffee and red wine of opaque and high translucency yttria-stabilized zirconia before and after hydrothermal degradation in saline solution or oral mouthwash. Presintered zirconia blocks with medium opacity (ZrO2-3 mol. % of Y2O3) designed as ZrOp and high translucency zirconia (5.2 mol. % of Y2O3) designed as ZrTrans were used. Specimens (n = 80/group) were cut and sintered at 1500°C for 2 h. The specimens were hydrothermally degraded in an autoclave (134°C–1.8 kg/cm2) for 20 h in saline solution (0.5 g/L) and oral mouthwash solution (0.02% sodium fluoride, without alcohol and with 21.6% alcohol). After hydrothermal degradation, the samples were immersed in containers with coffee or red wine for 14 days to determine their color stainability. The results showed that the ZrOp had a higher bending strength than the ZrTrans before and after hydrothermal aging. In ZrOp and ZrTrans, the roughness increased after hydrothermal degradation. ZrOp samples had a higher Ra roughness than the ZrTrans samples. Roughness did not change after immersion in coffee or red wine. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that ZrOp samples underwent a tetragonal to monoclinic phase transformation, while ZrTrans samples were unchanged. Both ZrOp and ZrTrans samples changed color after immersion in coffee and red wine.
目的是评估不透明和高半透明氧化钇稳定的氧化锆在盐水或口腔漱口水中水热降解前后的抗弯强度、相变、粗糙度和咖啡和红酒的着色性。具有中等不透明度的预烧结氧化锆块(ZrO2-3 Y2O3的mol.%)和高透光性氧化锆(5.2 摩尔%的Y2O3)。试样(n = 80/组)切割并在1500°C下烧结2 h.试样在高压釜(134°C–1.8)中进行水热降解 kg/cm2) 在盐水溶液(0.5 g/L)和口服漱口水溶液(0.02%氟化钠、不含酒精和含21.6%酒精)。水热降解后,将样品浸入装有咖啡或红酒的容器中14 天来确定它们的颜色可着色性。结果表明,在水热老化前后,ZrOp比ZrTrans具有更高的弯曲强度。在ZrOp和ZrTrans中,水热降解后粗糙度增加。ZrOp样品具有比ZrTrans样品更高的Ra粗糙度。浸泡在咖啡或红酒中后,粗糙度没有变化。X射线衍射(XRD)结果表明,ZrOp样品经历了四方到单斜的相变,而ZrTrans样品没有变化。ZrOp和ZrTrans样品在浸泡在咖啡和红酒中后都会变色。
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引用次数: 3
Histopathological and Biochemical Comparative Study of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and Copper Sulphate Toxicity in Male Albino Mice Reproductive System 纳米氧化铜与硫酸铜对小白鼠生殖系统毒性的组织病理学和生化比较研究
IF 3.1 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-05-16 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4877637
Manal M. S. AL-Musawi, Hanady S Al-Shmgani, G. Al-Bairuty
Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element for the efficient functioning of living organisms. Cu can enter the body in different ways, and when it surpasses the range of biological tolerance, it can have negative consequences. The use of different nanoparticles, especially metal oxide nanoparticles, is increasingly being expanded in the fields of industry and biomedical materials. However, the impact of these nanoparticles on human health is still not completely elucidated. This comparative study was conducted to evaluate the impacts of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) and copper sulphate (CuSO4 0.5 (H2O)) on infertility and reproductive function in male albino mice BALB/c. Body weight, the weight of male reproductive organs, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, caspase-3 level, and the presence of Ki67 and CD68, as detected using the amino-histochemistry technique, were investigated. Animals were treated with 25 and 35 mg/kg of CuO NPs and CuSO4 0.5 (H2O) by oral gavage for 14 days. The control group was given distilled water by oral gavage. Body weight significantly decreased at the end of experiments in both treated groups in a concentration- and time-dependent manner compared with the control group. Weights of testes and epididymis (head and tail), as well as the weight of the seminal vesicle, showed a significant decrease compared with the control. However, the average weights of the seminal vesicle and prostate significantly increased. Caspase-3 and MDA levels increased in the CuO NP and CuSO4 0.5 (H2O) groups compared with the control group, and there was a significant difference between the two concentrations used. Immunohistochemical results detected a significant decrease in Ki67 protein in the treatment groups compared with the control. However, increase in CD68 protein was found in groups treated with CuO NPs and CuSO4 0.5 (H2O) compared with the control group. Overall, this in vivo comparative study of CuO NPs and CuSO4 0.5 (H2O) showed that oral intake of copper NPs at 25 and 23 mg/kg was safer to the mice reproductive system than CuSO4 0.5 (H2O) at the same dose. CuSO4 0.5 (H2O) significantly influenced the histopathological and toxicological alteration responses.
铜(Cu)是生物体有效运作所必需的微量元素。铜可以以不同的方式进入人体,当它超过生物耐受范围时,可能会产生负面后果。不同纳米颗粒,特别是金属氧化物纳米颗粒,在工业和生物医学材料领域的应用越来越广泛。然而,这些纳米颗粒对人类健康的影响仍未完全阐明。本比较研究旨在评估氧化铜纳米颗粒(CuO NPs)和硫酸铜(CuSO4 0.5(H2O))对雄性白化小鼠BALB/c不孕和生殖功能的影响。用氨基组织化学技术检测了体重、雄性生殖器官重量、丙二醛(MDA)水平、胱天蛋白酶-3水平以及Ki67和CD68的存在。动物分别用25和35 mg/kg的CuO NPs和CuSO4 0.5(H2O),持续14天。对照组口服蒸馏水。与对照组相比,两个治疗组的体重在实验结束时均以浓度和时间依赖的方式显著下降。与对照组相比,睾丸和附睾(头和尾)的重量以及精囊的重量显著下降。然而,精囊和前列腺的平均重量显著增加。与对照组相比,CuO NP和CuSO4 0.5(H2O)组的Caspase-3和MDA水平增加,并且使用的两种浓度之间存在显著差异。免疫组织化学结果显示,与对照组相比,治疗组的Ki67蛋白显著降低。然而,与对照组相比,在用CuO NPs和CuSO4 0.5(H2O)处理的组中发现CD68蛋白增加。总体而言,这项对CuO NPs和CuSO4 0.5(H2O)的体内比较研究表明,在25岁和23岁时口服铜NPs mg/kg对小鼠生殖系统比相同剂量的CuSO4 0.5(H2O)更安全。CuSO4 0.5(H2O)显著影响组织病理学和毒理学改变反应。
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引用次数: 8
Evaluation of Biomechanical and Chemical Properties of Gamma-Irradiated Polycaprolactone Microfilaments for Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Applications 伽玛辐照聚己内酯微丝在肌肉骨骼组织工程中的生物力学和化学性能评价
IF 3.1 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5266349
Laura Rojas-Rojas, Andrea Ulloa-Fernández, Silvia Castro-Piedra, Walter Vargas-Segura, T. Guillén-Girón
An appropriate and reliable sterilization technique is crucial for tissue engineering scaffolds. Skeletal muscle scaffolds are often fabricated using microfilaments of a wide variety of polymers. One method for sterilization is 25 kGy of gamma irradiation. In addition, sterilization through irradiation should administer a dose within a specific range. Radiation directly affects the chemical and mechanical properties of scaffolds. The accuracy and effects of irradiation are often not considered during sterilization procedures; however, these are important since they provide insight on whether the sterilization procedure is reliable and reproducible. This study focused on the chemical and mechanical characterization of 25 kGy gamma-irradiated scaffold. The accuracy and uncertainty of the irradiation procedure were also obtained. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses were performed to determine whether the crystallinity of the polymer changed after irradiation and whether gamma rays influenced its thermal properties. The tensile parameters of the microfilaments were analyzed by comparing irradiated and nonirradiated scaffolds to determine whether gamma radiation changed their elastic behavior. Dose distribution and uncertainty were recorded with several dosimeters. The results showed that the irradiation process slightly affected the mechanical parameters of the scaffold; however, it did not modify its crystallinity or thermal properties. The irradiation was uniform, since the measured uncertainty was low. The scaffold was pathogen-free after 7 days; this meant sterilization was achieved. These results indicated that gamma-sterilized scaffolds were a promising material for use as a skeletal muscle analog material for tissue-engineering applications because they can be sterilized with gamma rays without changing their chemical structure and mechanical properties. This study provided the dose distribution measurement and uncertainty calculations for the sterilization procedure.
合适、可靠的灭菌技术是组织工程支架的关键。骨骼肌支架通常使用多种聚合物的微丝制成。灭菌的一种方法是25kgy的伽马射线照射。此外,辐照灭菌的剂量应在特定范围内。辐射直接影响支架的化学和力学性能。在灭菌过程中通常不考虑辐照的准确性和效果;然而,这些是重要的,因为它们提供了关于灭菌程序是否可靠和可重复的见解。本文主要研究了25 kGy辐照支架的化学和力学特性。得到了辐照过程的准确性和不确定度。通过x射线衍射(XRD)和差示扫描量热法(DSC)分析确定辐照后聚合物的结晶度是否发生变化,以及伽马射线是否影响其热性能。通过对比辐照和未辐照支架,分析微丝的拉伸参数,以确定γ辐射是否改变了微丝的弹性行为。用几个剂量计记录了剂量分布和不确定度。结果表明:辐照过程对支架的力学参数影响较小;然而,它并没有改变它的结晶度或热性能。由于测量的不确定度很低,辐照是均匀的。7天后支架无病原体;这意味着实现了绝育。这些结果表明,伽马灭菌支架是一种很有前途的材料,可以作为骨骼肌模拟材料用于组织工程应用,因为它们可以在不改变其化学结构和机械性能的情况下用伽马射线灭菌。本研究为灭菌过程提供了剂量分布测量和不确定度计算。
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引用次数: 2
Comparative Effect of Incorporation of ZrO2, TiO2, and SiO2 Nanoparticles on the Strength and Surface Properties of PMMA Denture Base Material: An In Vitro Study ZrO2、TiO2和SiO2纳米颗粒掺入对PMMA义齿基托材料强度和表面性能的比较研究
IF 3.1 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-04-28 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5856545
Emad Azmy, M. R. Al-kholy, Ahmad M. Al-Thobity, M. Gad, M. A. Helal
Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of nanoparticles (zirconium dioxide (ZrO2), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and silicon dioxide (SiO2)) on the flexural strength, impact strength, hardness, and wear resistance of the acrylic resin denture base material. Materials and Methods Acrylic resin specimens were fabricated in dimensions according to American Dental Association (ADA) specifications per test. Specimens were divided according to nanofiller into four groups; unmodified as control, ZrO2 (Z), TiO2, (T), and SiO2 (S) groups. Each one was subdivided into two subgroups according to nanoparticle concentrations; 3% and 7% (Z3, Z7, T3, T7, S3, and S7). A 3-point bending test, Charpy impact test, and Vickers hardness test were used for flexural strength, impact strength, and hardness measurements, respectively. Wear resistance was measured by the differences in surface roughness of tested specimens before and after the wear test. A scanning electron microscope was used to assess nanoparticle specifications and distributions and for fracture surfaces analysis. ANOVA, Bonferroni's post hoc test, and the Kruskal–Wallis test were applied for data analysis (α = 0.05). Results Regarding the flexural and impact strength, there was a statistically remarkable increase for all tested groups compared with the control group, except for the T7 and S7 groups (P value <0.001, effect size = 0.893) and (P value <0.001, effect size = 0.759), respectively. There was a statistically significant improvement in the hardness of all tested groups compared with the control group (P value <0.001, effect size = 0.67) except T3 and S3. Regarding wear, a statistically significant enhancement was noticed in the wear resistance of all tested groups (P value <0.001, effect size = 0.685), except for the T7 and S7 groups. Conclusion The flexural strength, impact strength, and wear resistance improved with both concentrations of ZrO2 and low TiO2 and SiO2 concentrations. The hardness increased with both concentrations of ZrO2 and high TiO2 and SiO2 concentrations.
目的研究纳米二氧化锆(ZrO2)、二氧化钛(TiO2)和二氧化硅(SiO2)对丙烯酸树脂义齿基托材料抗弯强度、冲击强度、硬度和耐磨性的影响。材料和方法根据美国牙科协会(ADA)每次试验的规格尺寸制作丙烯酸树脂样品。根据纳米填料的不同,将标本分为四组;作为对照,ZrO2 (Z), TiO2, (T)和SiO2 (S)基团。根据纳米颗粒浓度,每组又分为两个亚组;3%和7% (Z3, Z7, T3, T7, S3和S7)。弯曲强度、冲击强度和硬度测量分别采用三点弯曲试验、夏比冲击试验和维氏硬度试验。通过磨损试验前后试样表面粗糙度的差异来测定耐磨性。使用扫描电子显微镜评估纳米颗粒的规格和分布,并进行断口分析。数据分析采用方差分析、Bonferroni事后检验和Kruskal-Wallis检验(α = 0.05)。结果除T7组和S7组(P值<0.001,效应量= 0.893)和(P值<0.001,效应量= 0.759)外,各试验组的抗折和冲击强度均较对照组有显著提高,差异均有统计学意义。除T3、S3组外,各试验组硬度均较对照组有显著提高(P值<0.001,效应量= 0.67)。在磨损方面,除T7和S7组外,所有测试组的耐磨性均有统计学意义的增强(P值<0.001,效应值= 0.685)。结论ZrO2浓度和低TiO2、SiO2浓度均能提高材料的抗弯强度、冲击强度和耐磨性。随着ZrO2浓度的增加以及TiO2和SiO2浓度的增加,材料的硬度均有所增加。
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引用次数: 12
Biomaterials Used for Periodontal Disease Treatment: Focusing on Immunomodulatory Properties. 用于牙周病治疗的生物材料:聚焦免疫调节特性
IF 3 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS Pub Date : 2022-04-26 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7693793
H Garzón, L J Suárez, S Muñoz, J Cardona, M Fontalvo, C A Alfonso-Rodríguez

The growing use of biomaterials with different therapeutic purposes increases the need for their physiological understanding as well as to seek its integration with the human body. Chronic inflammatory local pathologies, generally associated with infectious or autoimmunity processes, have been a current therapeutic target due to the difficulty in their treatment. The recent development of biomaterials with immunomodulatory capacity would then become one of the possible strategies for their management in local pathologies, by intervening in situ, without generating alterations in the systemic immune response. The treatment of periodontal disease as an inflammatory entity has involved the use of different approaches and biomaterials. There is no conclusive, high evidence about the use of these biomaterials in the regeneration of periodontitis sequelae, so the profession keeps looking for other different strategies. The use of biomaterials with immunomodulatory properties could be one, with a promising future. This review of the literature summarizes the scientific evidence about biomaterials used in the treatment of periodontal disease.

具有不同治疗目的的生物材料的日益使用增加了对其生理学理解以及寻求其与人体结合的需求。慢性炎症局部病理通常与感染或自身免疫过程有关,由于其治疗困难,一直是目前的治疗目标。最近开发的具有免疫调节能力的生物材料将成为其在局部病理中管理的可能策略之一,通过原位干预,而不会改变系统免疫反应。牙周病作为一种炎症性疾病的治疗涉及使用不同的方法和生物材料。关于这些生物材料在牙周炎后遗症再生中的应用,目前还没有确凿的证据,因此该行业一直在寻找其他不同的策略。具有免疫调节特性的生物材料的使用可能是一种前景广阔的生物材料。这篇文献综述了生物材料用于治疗牙周病的科学证据。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of CO2 Extract of Portulaca oleracea for Antioxidant Activity from Raw Material Cultivated in Kazakhstan 哈萨克马齿苋CO2萃取物抗氧化活性研究
IF 3.1 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-04-22 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6478977
Meruyert I Tleubayeva, R. Abdullabekova, U. Datkhayev, M. Ishmuratova, M. Alimzhanova, K. Kozhanova, Aida M. Seitaliyeva, K. Zhakipbekov, Zhanar Iskakova, E. Serikbayeva, E. Flisyuk
Medicinal plants remain as an important resource in the fight against many diseases, especially in developing countries. Antioxidants are substances capable of delaying, retarding, and preventing the oxidation of lipids or substances that delay or prevent free radical reactions during lipid oxidation. Natural antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, tocopherol, phenolic compounds, and flavonoids are a safe alternative to chemical antioxidants. In present work, results of antioxidant activity of raw materials from the cultivated plant Portulaca oleracea are presented. The extraction time was optimized to 780 minutes; the yield of extractive substances was 1.25% in the production of CO2 extract under subcritical conditions. For the first time, the antioxidant activity of Portulaca oleracea CO2 extract was determined by the amperometric method. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) chemical analysis of Portulaca oleracea CO2 extract dissolved in hexane revealed 37 components, including a complex mixture of aldehydes, alkanes, alkenes, esters, diterpenes, steroids, vitamin E, and carbohydrates. The investigation results showed that the Portulaca oleracea CO2 extract was promising for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries and had great potential for the prevention and treatment of diseases caused by oxidative stress.
药用植物仍然是防治许多疾病的重要资源,特别是在发展中国家。抗氧化剂是能够延缓、延缓和防止脂质氧化的物质,或者是在脂质氧化过程中延缓或防止自由基反应的物质。抗坏血酸、生育酚、酚类化合物和类黄酮等天然抗氧化剂是化学抗氧化剂的安全替代品。本文对马齿苋原料的抗氧化活性进行了研究。优化提取时间为780 min;在亚临界条件下生产CO2萃取物,萃取物得率为1.25%。首次采用安培法测定马齿苋CO2提取物的抗氧化活性。气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)对马齿苋CO2萃取物进行化学分析,发现37种成分,包括醛类、烷烃、烯烃、酯类、二萜、类固醇、维生素E和碳水化合物的复杂混合物。研究结果表明,马齿苋CO2提取物在医药、化妆品、食品等行业具有广阔的应用前景,在防治氧化应激引起的疾病方面具有很大的潜力。
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引用次数: 1
Development of Novel Antimicrobial Dental Composite Resin with Nano Cerium Oxide Fillers 纳米氧化铈复合树脂的研制
IF 3.1 Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-04-12 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3912290
E. Varghese, Dhanasekaran Sihivahanan, K. Venkatesh
Objectives To assess the antibacterial efficacy of experimental dental composite resin with cerium oxide nanoparticles as fillers. Methods The cerium oxide nanoparticles were prepared by the coprecipitation procedure. Synthesized 3wt% CeO2 nanoparticles were added to the composite resin as antibacterial filler. Experimental composite resin was manually prepared by adding ingredients. The resin matrix consisted of two mixed monomers, bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diketone as the photo initiator, and N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate as a coinitiator. The antibacterial efficacy against Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus aureus, and Lactobacillus spp. bacterial strains was tested using the microdilution method keeping commercially available 3M Filtek Z250 restorative composite as control. Results The experimental dental composite demonstrated 99.503% efficacy against Streptococcus mutans, 99.441% efficacy against Streptococcus mitis, 99.416% efficacy against Streptococcus aureus, and 99.233% efficacy against Lactobacillus spp. Conclusion Integrating cerium oxide nanoparticles as fillers into dental composite resin can be promising in terms of antibacterial activity, provided furthermore study has to be conducted to examine other properties. Clinical Significance. Previous studies attempted adding CeO2 nanoparticles into acrylic resins that showed improvement in mechanical properties, but literature is nil on the dental composite resin and cerium oxide nanoparticles. This study demonstrates the development of an experimental antibacterial dental composite resin that can resolve most of the problems related to secondary caries around dental composite restorations.
目的评价氧化铈纳米颗粒填充牙用复合树脂的抗菌效果。方法采用共沉淀法制备氧化铈纳米颗粒。将合成的3wt% CeO2纳米颗粒作为抗菌填料加入到复合树脂中。通过添加原料手工制备实验用复合树脂。树脂基体由两种混合单体组成,双酚a -甲基丙烯酸甘油酯和三甘醇二甲基丙烯酸酯,二酮为光引发剂,N, N-二甲氨基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯为助引发剂。以市售的3M Filtek Z250恢复性复合材料为对照,采用微量稀释法检测对变形链球菌、炎链球菌、金黄色链球菌和乳杆菌菌株的抑菌效果。结果该口腔复合材料对变形链球菌的抗菌效果为99.503%,对螨虫链球菌的抗菌效果为99.441%,对金黄色链球菌的抗菌效果为99.416%,对乳酸菌的抗菌效果为99.233%。结论将氧化铈纳米颗粒作为填充剂应用于口腔复合树脂中,具有良好的抗菌活性,其他性能有待进一步研究。临床意义。先前的研究尝试在丙烯酸树脂中加入CeO2纳米颗粒,显示出力学性能的改善,但文献中没有关于牙科复合树脂和氧化铈纳米颗粒的研究。本研究展示了一种实验性抗菌牙科复合树脂的开发,可以解决牙科复合修复体周围继发龋的大部分问题。
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引用次数: 1
Enhancing the Mechanical Behaviour and Antibacterial Activity of Bioepoxy Using Hybrid Nanoparticles for Dental Applications. 利用杂化纳米颗粒增强生物环氧树脂的力学性能和抗菌活性
IF 3 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS Pub Date : 2022-03-31 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2124070
Mohammed Razzaq Mohammed, Ahmed Namah Hadi

The appropriate capability of handling several forces exerted inside the mouth, and preventing the adhesion and proliferation of oral microorganisms are among the most vital factors for achieving effective alternative dental materials to the damaged native. Nevertheless, lack of mechanical and antimicrobial properties of dental resins hinders their use in most clinical applications in dentistry. In the present study, the main aim was to provide bioepoxy composite biomaterials that could meet the required mechanical and antibacterial properties for dental related fields. Herein, highly biocompatible epoxy and hybrid reinforcing materials were utilised to produce a composite material, which could have features resembling those of original dental parts. Various weight fractions of nanosilver/nano-alumina particles at 1, 2, and 3 wt% were incorporated into the bioepoxy for improving the mechanical and antibacterial characteristics of the biocompatible epoxy resin. Three-point bending and Izod impact tests were performed to evaluate the flexure and impact strengths of the obtained nanocomposites. The morphology of pristine bioepoxy and nanoparticle reinforced bioepoxy composites was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The influence of these fillers on the bioepoxy resin antibacterial sensitivity was assessed using the agar diffusion technique. Nanofiller contents have been revealed to have a remarkable role to play in tuning the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites; the flexure strength and modulus were higher when the total ratio of hybrid reinforcement was 2 wt%. In contrast, the addition of higher percentage of hybrid nanoparticles could cause deterioration in the flexure characteristics of nanocomposites, yet they were better than those of pristine epoxy. Regarding the impact strength, the enhancement in this property was only observed for the composite containing 1 wt% of AgNps-Al2O3; the impact strength was dropped gradually beyond this ratio. The antibacterial effectiveness of the nanocomposites was demonstrated to positively depend on the increase in AgNps mass fraction. Among all evaluated unmodified and modified bioepoxy, the nanocomposite containing 2.5 wt% of AgNps had the higher antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Based on the attainable outcomes, the prepared composites, particularly at moderate levels of Al2O3-AgNps, could provide biocomposites having the potential to be utilised in several biomedical fields, particularly in dental technology.

处理口腔内部施加的几种力的适当能力,以及防止口腔微生物的粘附和增殖,是实现有效替代受损原生牙材料的最重要因素之一。然而,牙科树脂缺乏机械和抗菌性能,阻碍了其在牙科的大多数临床应用中的使用。在本研究中,主要目的是提供能够满足牙科相关领域所需的机械和抗菌性能的生物环氧复合生物材料。在此,利用高度生物相容性的环氧树脂和混合增强材料来生产复合材料,该复合材料可以具有与原始牙齿部件相似的特征。将1、2和3wt%的不同重量分数的纳米银/纳米氧化铝颗粒掺入生物环氧中,以改善生物相容性环氧树脂的机械和抗菌特性。进行了三点弯曲和Izod冲击试验,以评估所获得的纳米复合材料的弯曲和冲击强度。用扫描电子显微镜对原始生物环氧和纳米颗粒增强生物环氧复合材料的形貌进行了表征。使用琼脂扩散技术评估了这些填料对生物环氧树脂抗菌敏感性的影响。纳米填料含量已被揭示在调节纳米复合材料的机械性能方面发挥着显著作用;当混合增强剂的总比例为2wt%时,复合材料的抗弯强度和模量较高。相反,添加更高百分比的杂化纳米颗粒可能会导致纳米复合材料的弯曲特性恶化,但它们比原始环氧树脂更好。关于冲击强度,仅在含有1wt%的AgNps-Al2O3的复合材料中观察到该性能的增强;冲击强度逐渐下降超过该比率。纳米复合材料的抗菌效果与AgNps质量分数的增加呈正相关。在所有评价的未修饰和修饰的生物环氧中,含有2.5wt%AgNps的纳米复合材料对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具有较高的抗菌活性。基于可获得的结果,所制备的复合材料,特别是在中等水平的Al2O3-AgNps下,可以提供具有在几个生物医学领域,特别是牙科技术中应用潜力的生物复合材料。
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引用次数: 0
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International Journal of Biomaterials
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