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AN ANALYSIS OF INTERLINGUAL VS INTRALINGUAL ERRORS MADE BY ARAB LEARNERS OF ENGLISH AND TEACHING STRATEGIES TO REDUCE THE ERRORS 分析阿拉伯英语学习者的语际错误与语内错误以及减少错误的教学策略
Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.21474/ijar01/18270
Algirdas Makarevičius, Panthayil Babu Rajan, Philip Harttrup
Arabic students learning English as a second language tend to commit several errors. This paper explores some of the common interlingual versus intralingual errors made by Arabic learners of English. The authors consider that by addressing morphological, lexical, and semantic errors, English teachers can help Arabic learners develop a more comprehensive and nuanced command of the English language, leading to improved communication skills in various contexts. The instructional strategies offered in this paper provide insights to English teachers and Arabic tertiary-level students on reducing or eliminating these errors. The teaching tips presented in this paper are also helpful to both seasoned and new teachers to reduce errors made by Arabic students learning English as a second language.
将英语作为第二语言学习的阿拉伯学生往往会犯一些错误。本文探讨了阿拉伯语英语学习者常见的一些语际错误和语内错误。作者认为,通过解决形态、词汇和语义错误,英语教师可以帮助阿拉伯语学习者掌握更全面、更细致的英语语言,从而提高在各种语境中的交流技能。本文提供的教学策略为英语教师和阿拉伯语大专学生减少或消除这些错误提供了启示。本文介绍的教学技巧也有助于经验丰富的教师和新教师减少阿拉伯语学生在将英语作为第二语言学习时出现的错误。
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引用次数: 0
A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF INCIDENCE OF TEENAGE PREGNANCY IN TERTIARY CARE CENTER-MATERNAL AND FETAL OUTCOME 三级医疗中心少女怀孕发生率的回顾性研究--产妇和胎儿的结局
Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.21474/ijar01/18327
P.S Umadevi, P. Padmaja, C. Bindu
Teenage pregnancy is becoming a high risk to the health of mother and child due to its adverse outcomes to both mother and the child.it is common health problem around the world. It is one of the key issues concerning to the reproductive health of women not just in developing countries but also in developed countries. Pregnancy among teenagers is considered high risk due to its high incidence of adverse outcomes like LBW, prematurity, neonatal asphyxia, sepsis, jaundice, mortality, maternal anemia, preeclampsia(PE) , maternal mortality, etc. purpose of this article is to known the incidence of teenage pregnancy in tertiary care center, maternal and fetal outcome by which we can give awareness to public regarding the outcome come of teenage pregnancy, improve reproductive results , decrease the teenage pregnancy by ensuring female education, and enforcing marriage law.
少女怀孕对母亲和孩子的健康都有不利影响,因此已成为一个高风险问题。它不仅是发展中国家妇女生殖健康的主要问题之一,也是发达国家妇女生殖健康的主要问题之一。青少年怀孕被认为是高风险的,因为其不良后果的发生率很高,如低能儿、早产、新生儿窒息、败血症、黄疸、死亡、产妇贫血、子痫前期(PE)、产妇死亡等。本文旨在了解三级护理中心少女怀孕的发生率、孕产妇和胎儿的结局,从而提高公众对少女怀孕结局的认识,改善生育结果,通过确保女性教育和执行婚姻法来减少少女怀孕。
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引用次数: 0
ACHIEVEMENT OF TARGET LDL-C IN TYPE 2 DM PATIENTS IN SAUDI ARABIA 沙特阿拉伯 2 型糖尿病患者低密度脂蛋白胆固醇目标值的实现情况
Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.21474/ijar01/18349
Laura Alolayan, Ghadah Al Rajeh
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common diseases in the world and Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is among the most common preventable complication of DM. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is known to be a major risk factor for developing CVD. Many guidelines have suggested that controlling LDL-C can contribute to lower the mortality among CVD patients. Aim: To assess Achievement of Target LDL-C in type 2 DM patients in Saudi Arabia, and the prevalence of Lipid lowering agents use among these patients. Data sources: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Embase, and Google Scholar. Methods: Non interventional retrospective cross sectional study. Results: The study included 100 patients, age range was between 25 – 82 years old with a Mean age of 51,60. 51% of the participants were males, while 49% were females. 23% of the patients had optimal LDL cholesterol levels below 1,8 mmol/L, while 77% of had suboptimal levels above 1,8 mmol/L. Spearman’s rank correlation was computed to assess the relationship between LDL and BMI. There was a positive correlation between the two variables, r = 0,071, p = 0,484. The correlation was not significant at the 0,05 level of significance. Spearman’s rank correlation was computed to assess the relationship between LDL and A1C. There was a positive correlation between the two variables, r = 0,051, p = 0,612. The correlation was not significant at the 0,05 level of significance. The most used medication for lowering cholesterol was atorvastatin, which was taken by 64% of the patients, followed by rosuvastatin, 23% of the patients, 4% of the patients used simvastatin, and 9% of the patients did not receive any treatment and was not offered to them in their follow up visit. 54% of patients who were receiving Lipid lowering therapy did not had dose adjustments during their regular follow up. Conclusion: It is extremely important to achive targeted LDL-C in diabetic patients. Physicians should always aim to reach the targeted level by following the latest guidelines and encouraging patients compliance to medications and lifestyle modifications hence preventing the complications.
背景:糖尿病(DM)是世界上最常见的疾病之一,而心血管疾病(CVD)是糖尿病最常见的可预防并发症之一。众所周知,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)是导致心血管疾病的主要风险因素。许多指南都建议,控制低密度脂蛋白胆固醇有助于降低心血管疾病患者的死亡率。目的:评估沙特阿拉伯 2 型糖尿病患者低密度脂蛋白胆固醇目标值的实现情况,以及这些患者中降脂药物的使用率。数据来源PubMed、Cochrane Library、Science Direct、Embase 和 Google Scholar。方法:非干预性回顾性横断面研究。研究结果该研究包括 100 名患者,年龄在 25 Â- 82 岁之间,平均年龄为 51.60 岁。51%的参与者为男性,49%为女性。23%的患者最佳低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平低于1.8毫摩尔/升,77%的患者最佳低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平高于1.8毫摩尔/升。为评估低密度脂蛋白与体重指数之间的关系,计算了斯皮尔曼等级相关性。这两个变量之间存在正相关,r = 0.071,p = 0.484。在 0.05 的显著性水平下,相关性不显著。为评估低密度脂蛋白与 A1C 之间的关系,计算了斯皮尔曼等级相关性。这两个变量之间存在正相关,r = 0,051,p = 0,612。在 0.05 的显著性水平上,相关性并不明显。使用最多的降低胆固醇的药物是阿托伐他汀,64% 的患者使用这种药物,其次是罗苏伐他汀,23% 的患者使用这种药物,4% 的患者使用辛伐他汀,9% 的患者没有接受任何治疗,随访时也没有向他们提供这种药物。54%接受降血脂治疗的患者在定期随访时没有调整剂量。结论糖尿病患者达到目标低密度脂蛋白胆固醇极为重要。医生应始终以达到目标水平为目标,遵循最新指南,鼓励患者遵医嘱用药并改变生活方式,从而预防并发症的发生。
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引用次数: 0
ORAL TISSUE ENGINEERING 口腔组织工程
Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.21474/ijar01/18318
Mandeep Singh, Sanjeet Singh, Nishant Singh, Paramjit Singh, Kanika Sharma, Neeraj Grover
Oral tissue engineering is a progressive field aiming to regenerate damaged oral tissues, such as bone, gums, and salivary glands, by leveraging a combination of scaffolds, cells, and bioactive molecules. This multidisciplinary approach integrates principles from biology, materials science, and engineering to develop functional replacements for lost or injured oral tissues. Recent advancements have focused on optimizing scaffold materials to mimic the natural oral environment, identifying suitable cell sources for regeneration, and applying growth factors to enhance tissue repair and integration. These innovations offer promising avenues for improving dental and craniofacial reconstructive treatments, significantly impacting patient care in dentistry and oral surgery.
口腔组织工程是一个进步的领域,旨在利用支架、细胞和生物活性分子的组合,再生受损的口腔组织,如骨、牙龈和唾液腺。这种多学科方法综合了生物学、材料科学和工程学的原理,以开发功能性口腔组织替代物。最近的进展主要集中在优化支架材料以模拟自然口腔环境、确定合适的再生细胞来源以及应用生长因子来加强组织修复和整合。这些创新为改善牙科和颅面重建治疗提供了前景广阔的途径,对牙科和口腔外科的病人护理产生了重大影响。
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引用次数: 0
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICE OF COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVEMEDICINE USAGE AMONG PATIENTS WITH TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS INEASTERN PROVINCE, SAUDI ARABIA2022-2023 沙特阿拉伯东部省 II 型糖尿病患者使用补充和替代医学的知识、态度和实践2022-2023 年
Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.21474/ijar01/18324
Muna Ahmed Alnasser, Walaa Abdulrazzaq Alduhileb, Safiah Bader Al-Eid, Sumayya Abdullah Al Senan
Introduction: Complementary and Alternative Medicineisbeing used along with evidence-based medicine among diabetic patients. In Saudi Arabia, itwas widely utilized among diabetic patients, and this was coupled with the high prevalence of diabetes.This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of complementary and alternative medicine among diabetic patients in Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted among patients with type 2 diabetes attending primary healthcare centers in Eastern Province between the years 2022 to 2023. A self-administered questionnaire translated from English into Arabic was distributed. Results: Total of 381 diabetic patients, 54.1% were females and 46.2% were aged between 41 to 60 year-old. Poor knowledge of the basic facts of complementary and alternative medicine was found in 50.1% of the patients while 17.3% had moderate knowledge and the remaining 32.5% hada good knowledge level. Regarding the attitude, 40.7% showed positive attitudes, 48.6% neutral, and only 10.8% considered having negative attitudes. The prevalence of patients who were using complementary and alternative medicine products for the treatment of diabetes was 40.9%. Conclusion: Despite the lack of knowledge among diabetic patients regarding the basic facts of complementary and alternative medicine, a considerable proportion of them were using it and were seen to have an optimistic attitude regarding its beneficial effects. Identifying opportunities to foster the balanced use of complementary and alternative medicinethrough evidence-based guidelines and patient-centered approaches is warranted.
导言:糖尿病患者在使用循证医学的同时,也在使用补充和替代医学。本研究旨在评估沙特阿拉伯东部省糖尿病患者对补充和替代医学的认识、态度和实践。研究方法这是一项横断面研究,研究对象是 2022 年至 2023 年期间在东部省初级医疗保健中心就诊的 2 型糖尿病患者。发放了一份从英语翻译成阿拉伯语的自填式问卷。结果:381名糖尿病患者中,54.1%为女性,46.2%年龄在41至60岁之间。50.1%的患者对补充和替代医学的基本知识知之甚少,17.3%的患者对补充和替代医学的基本知识掌握一般,其余32.5%的患者对补充和替代医学的基本知识掌握较好。在态度方面,40.7%的患者持积极态度,48.6%的患者持中立态度,只有 10.8%的患者持消极态度。使用补充和替代医药产品治疗糖尿病的患者比例为 40.9%。结论尽管糖尿病患者对补充和替代医学的基本知识缺乏了解,但仍有相当一部分患者在使用补充和替代医学,并对其有益效果持乐观态度。有必要通过循证指南和以患者为中心的方法来确定促进补充和替代医学均衡使用的机会。
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引用次数: 0
CLINICAL OBSERVATION OF TREATMENT EFFICACY IN SEPSIS: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY 对败血症疗效的临床观察:一项前瞻性研究
Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.21474/ijar01/18291
Mir Mansoor Sultan, Adeeba Younus, Durre Shahwar Fatima, Faria Mushtaq, Salma Tasneem
Objective: To examine the safety and efficacy associated with various treatment approaches and to identify trends and variations in the management of severe sepsis, including the usage of antibiotics, and supportive care. To examine factors associated with improved or worsened outcomes in severe sepsis cases, such as patient demographics, comorbidities, or timing of treatment. Design: A hospital-based prospective study was done on all inpatients and outpatients in Princess DurruShehvar Childrens & General Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana for 6 months. Methods: The data collection form and patient consent form were designed for this study. It comprises information regarding the study subjects data such as demographics, medical and medication history, laboratory investigations, diagnosis, present prescribed medication, and progress chart. Investigators collected the relevant data and recorded it in data collection form. The prescription will be selected based on inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. The data obtained was compiled and analysed using appropriate statistical tests. Quantitative variables were summarized using descriptive studies (percentages, mean, standard deviation, number of observations). The data was statistically analyzed using spss and pair t test, graphs, pie diagrams, and bar graphs. Results A total of 115 patients were included in this prospective study and 60% of them show culture sensitivity. Meropenem was found to be the most potent antibiotic. The analysis of the treatments impact reveals noteworthy outcomes across multiple parameters. The intervention demonstrates a significant effect in reducing systolic blood pressure, although no major influence on diastolic blood pressure is observed. Regarding erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), a substantial and statistically significant decrease is indicated post-treatment. Notably, arterial blood gas (ABG) levels exhibit a considerable difference pre- and post-treatment, with a p-value below 0.05, suggesting a rejection of the null hypothesis. Additionally, the treatment is associated with a significant increase in total leukocyte counts, as evidenced by the positive mean difference and a 95% confidence interval entirely above zero. These findings underscore the diverse impacts of the treatment on various physiological markers. Conclusion Prospective sepsis treatment studies offer a nuanced grasp of real-world effectiveness, linking controlled experiments to clinical reality. Despite biases, they contribute to evidence-based strategies, acknowledging clinical complexities. This practical approach guides healthcare professionals with adaptable, patient-centered methods. Emphasis on rigorous statistical methodologies enhances comprehension. Integrating observational and experimental data enriches our understanding of sepsis management. Overall, these studies shape holistic approaches for effective treatment.
目的研究各种治疗方法的安全性和有效性,并确定严重败血症治疗的趋势和差异,包括抗生素的使用和支持性护理。研究与严重脓毒症患者预后改善或恶化相关的因素,如患者人口统计学特征、合并症或治疗时机。设计:对特伦甘纳邦海得拉巴市杜鲁-舍瓦公主儿童综合医院的所有住院和门诊病人进行为期 6 个月的医院前瞻性研究。研究方法为本研究设计了数据收集表和患者同意书。它包括研究对象的数据信息,如人口统计学、病史和用药史、实验室检查、诊断、目前的处方药和进展表。研究人员收集相关数据并记录在数据收集表中。根据纳入标准和排除标准选择处方。获得的数据经过整理,并使用适当的统计测试进行分析。定量变量采用描述性研究(百分比、平均值、标准差、观察数)进行总结。使用 spss 和成对 t 检验、图表、饼图和条形图对数据进行统计分析。结果 本次前瞻性研究共纳入 115 名患者,其中 60% 的患者对培养敏感。结果发现美罗培南是最有效的抗生素。对治疗效果的分析表明,在多个参数方面都取得了显著成果。干预对降低收缩压有明显效果,但对舒张压的影响不大。在红细胞沉降率(ESR)方面,治疗后的红细胞沉降率大幅下降,并具有统计学意义。值得注意的是,动脉血气(ABG)水平在治疗前后有很大差异,P 值低于 0.05,表明拒绝接受零假设。此外,治疗还与白细胞总数的显著增加有关,这体现在正的平均差异和完全高于零的 95% 置信区间。这些发现强调了治疗对各种生理指标的不同影响。结论 前瞻性脓毒症治疗研究能够细致入微地把握真实世界的有效性,将对照实验与临床现实联系起来。尽管存在偏差,但它们有助于制定循证策略,承认临床的复杂性。这种实用的方法以适应性强、以患者为中心的方法为医护人员提供指导。对严格统计方法的强调增强了理解力。将观察数据与实验数据相结合,丰富了我们对败血症管理的理解。总之,这些研究形成了有效治疗的整体方法。
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引用次数: 0
KNOWLEDGE OF ANGANWADI WORKERS REGARDING COMPLIMENTARY FEEDING PRACTICES IN A RURAL AREA- A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY 一项横断面研究:农村地区儿童福利工作者对免费喂养做法的认识
Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.21474/ijar01/18340
Madhav Baburao Shinde, Namrata Acharya, Nagaonkar A.S
AWWs had good knowledge regarding various CF assessment indicators given by WHO but some technical knowledge need to improve in areas like Dietary Diversity along with continuation of BF up to 2 years. Regular trainings to update knowledge is needed.
助产士对世卫组织提出的各种 CF 评估指标有很好的了解,但在膳食多样性和继续母乳喂养长达 2 年等方面的一些技术知识还需要提高。需要定期培训以更新知识。
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引用次数: 0
MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL AND AGRONOMICAL RESPONSE TO INTERMITTENT DROUGHT IN GROUNDNUT GENOTYPES UNDER SAHELIAN ENVIRONMENT 萨赫勒环境下花生基因型对间歇性干旱的形态生理和农艺反应
Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.21474/ijar01/18258
Moutari M. Aminou, H. Falalou, Harou Abdou, Venugopal Mendu
Selection of groundnut genotypes with high and stable grains yield in the semi-arid tropics would enable farmers to increase yields and improve their incomes. The objectives of this work were to assessgroundnut genotypes response toan intermittent water deficit at the seed filling phase and select drought-tolerant and high-yielding genotypes. Two experiments were conducted in two yearsduring off-seasons at the ICRISAT Sahelian Centre.Fourteen genotypes were assessed in adjacent terminal water-stressed (WS) and well-watered (WW) conditions in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Morpho-physiological parameters such asthe leaf area (LA)and the Specific Leaf Area (SLA), the yield and its components were investigatedunder WW and WS conditions.Our findings showed a genotypic variationand a significant negative effect of WS on investigated parameters. LA, SLA, HY, SY, HSW and HI were decreased up to 48.59%, 25.29%, 30.14%, 51.70%, 21.17% and 23.80% respectively.The genotypic variation observed indicated that ICG 311,ICG 4598,ICG 5663, ICG 6813 and ICG 12235produced the highest and stable yields underintermittent water deficit.These genotypes could be useful for groundnut breeding programs for selecting improved genotypes tolerant tolate season intermittent drought and high grain yield under Sahelian conditions.
在半干旱热带地区选育出高产稳产的花生基因型将使农民能够提高产量,增加收入。这项工作的目标是评估花生基因型对种子灌浆期间歇性缺水的反应,并筛选出耐旱高产的基因型。14 个基因型在相邻的末期缺水(WS)和水分充足(WW)条件下进行了评估,采用随机完全区组设计,四次重复。我们的研究结果表明,在WW和WS条件下,叶面积(LA)和比叶面积(SLA)等形态生理参数、产量及其成分存在基因型差异,而WS对所研究的参数有显著的负效应。观察到的基因型变异表明,ICG 311、ICG 4598、ICG 5663、ICG 6813 和 ICG 12235 在间歇缺水条件下产量最高且稳定。这些基因型可用于花生育种计划,以选育出萨赫勒条件下耐受季节性间歇干旱和高产的改良基因型。
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引用次数: 0
EXPLORING THE IMPORTANCE OF DIAPHRAGM ACTIVATION, GLUTEAL ACTIVATION, AND THEIR EFFECTS ON GLUTEAL AMNESIA, PELVIC FLOOR ACTIVATION, CLINICAL PILATES FOR JOINTS CORE TRAINING AND PRECAUTIONS IN EXERCISE SELECTION 探讨横膈膜激活、臀部激活的重要性及其对臀部失忆症、盆底激活、临床普拉提关节核心训练和运动选择注意事项的影响
Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.21474/ijar01/18339
Amisha Bhagat
Clinical Pilates has emerged as a prominent therapeutic approach aimed at improving movement control, stability, and rehabilitation outcomes across diverse populations. This research article delves into the pivotal aspects of Clinical Pilates, shedding light on the significance of diaphragm activation, gluteal activation, and their intricate relationship with gluteal amnesia, pelvic floor activation, Pilates for joint health, exercise selection precautions, and core training strategies. Through a synthesis of relevant concepts and evidence-based insights, this article offers practical recommendations tailored for Pilates practitioners and healthcare professionals, illuminating the multifaceted nature of Clinical Pilates and its profound impact on musculoskeletal health and functional well-being.
临床普拉提已成为一种显著的治疗方法,旨在改善不同人群的运动控制、稳定性和康复效果。这篇研究文章深入探讨了临床普拉提的关键方面,阐明了横膈膜激活、臀部激活的重要性,以及它们与臀部失忆、骨盆底激活、普拉提促进关节健康、运动选择注意事项和核心训练策略之间错综复杂的关系。通过对相关概念和循证见解的综合分析,本文为普拉提练习者和医疗保健专业人员提供了量身定制的实用建议,阐明了临床普拉提的多面性及其对肌肉骨骼健康和功能性福祉的深远影响。
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引用次数: 0
MAPPING RADIOACTIVITY IN CONTINENTAL TERMINAL 3 (CT3) FORMATIONS: THE CASE OF THE THREE SISTERS, NIAMEY REGION (EASTERN EDGE OF THE WEST AFRICAN CRATON, ILLUMMEDEN BASIN) 绘制第三大陆末端(ct3)地层的放射性地图:尼亚美地区三姊妹地层(非洲西部克拉通东缘,伊利姆梅登盆地)的情况
Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.21474/ijar01/18260
Sofiyane Abdourahamane Attourabi, Mallam Mamane Hallarou, Assagaye Agaissa, Mahamane Moustapha Sanda Chekaraou, Gambo Ranaou Noura, Lawali Idi Chamsi
The Continental Terminal 3 (Ct3) formations, which rest in major unconformity on the Birimian basement of the West African Craton, correspond to the last filling deposits of the Iullemmeden basin in the Niamey region (West, Niger). The general objective of this study is to produce a surface radiometric map of the Niamey Three Sisters Hills area. The methodology used included field and laboratory work, with radiometric data processed using Surfer software. Radioactivity values in the Three Sisters area ranged from 5 to 25 shocks per second (C/s). High radioactivity values (15 to 25 c/s) are recorded in the upper terms, corresponding to the breastplates. Low values of radioactivity (5 to 15 c/s) are measured in the basal layers, corresponding to clays and alluvium. This radioactivity is thought to be due to trace amounts of uranium in these outcrops.
大陆末期 3(Ct3)地层主要位于西非克拉通的比里米亚基底上,与尼亚美地区(尼日尔西部)Iullemmeden 盆地最后的充填沉积相吻合。这项研究的总体目标是绘制尼亚美三姊妹山地区地表辐射测量图。采用的方法包括实地考察和实验室工作,并使用 Surfer 软件对辐射测量数据进行处理。三姊妹山地区的放射性值介于 5 至 25 震荡/秒(C/s)之间。高放射性值(15 至 25 c/s)记录在上部,与胸板相对应。低放射性值(5 至 15 c/s)在基底层测得,与粘土和冲积层相对应。这种放射性被认为是由于这些露头中的痕量铀造成的。
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引用次数: 0
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International Journal of Advanced Research
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