Dirisu John Osilumie, Agbakoba Nneka Regina, Okwelogu Somadina Izunna, Eki-Udoko Fidelis E., E. Jacinta C., O. Olukayode
Background: Viral diarrhoea continues to be a challenge among children under five years of age in Nigeria. While other non-viral agents of diarrhoea have been well documented, the agents of viral diarrhoea especially their genetic diversity have not been well studied in our locality, hence this study. Method: This was a cross-sectional study carried out at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH) and NnamdiAzikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH) in Benin City and Nnewi respectively. Three hundred and thirty participants were recruited for the study using stratified random sampling, aged between 1 and 5 years. All the diarrhoeic stools had their DNA/RNA extracted using the Quick-RNA Viral MiniPrep Kit and stored at -80°C for polymerase chain reaction. Sequences of the adenovirus were done using a Big Dye DNA sequencing kit. Bioinformatics was done using R packages in R studio v3 software. Data from the study were analyzed using chi-square and level of significance expressed using p-value (p<0.05). Results: Adenoviral diarrhoea was higher in Benin City (18 11.8%) than Nnewi (11 6.1%). Females (55.2%) were more infected than the males (44.8%) (p>0.05). Among the population studied, there was no rotavirus genome detected. Ten (10) adenovirus sequences from serotype 40 were identified and deposited into the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (Genbank: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) under the accession number ON128719 - ON128728. The prevalence of adenovirus in the study locality is 8.7%. More females were infected than the males, although not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: The study also concluded that sex had no relationship with the spread of adenovirus diarrhoea among under-fives (p>0.05).
背景：病毒性腹泻仍然是尼日利亚五岁以下儿童面临的一项挑战。虽然其他非病毒性腹泻病原体已被很好地记录下来，但病毒性腹泻病原体，尤其是其遗传多样性在我们当地还没有得到很好的研究，因此才有了这项研究。研究方法这是一项横断面研究，分别在贝宁市的贝宁大学教学医院（UBTH）和恩纳迪-阿齐基韦大学教学医院（NAUTH）进行。研究采用分层随机抽样法，共招募了 330 名年龄在 1 至 5 岁之间的参与者。所有腹泻粪便均使用 Quick-RNA Viral MiniPrep Kit 提取了 DNA/RNA，并保存在 -80°C 温度下进行聚合酶链反应。腺病毒的序列用 Big Dye DNA 测序试剂盒完成。生物信息学使用 R studio v3 软件中的 R 软件包完成。研究数据使用卡方进行分析，显著性水平使用 p 值（p0.05）表示。在所研究的人群中，没有检测到轮状病毒基因组。已鉴定出 10 个来自血清型 40 的腺病毒序列，并将其存入美国国家生物技术信息中心（Genbank：http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/），登录号为 ON128719 - ON128728。研究地区的腺病毒感染率为 8.7%。受感染的女性多于男性，但没有统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论研究还得出结论，性别与腺病毒腹泻在五岁以下儿童中的传播没有关系（P>0.05）。
{"title":"MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF ADENOVIRUS AND ROTAVIRUS ASSOCIATED DIARRHOEA AMONG UNDER-FIVES IN TWO TERTIARY HOSPITALS IN SOUTHERN NIGERIA","authors":"Dirisu John Osilumie, Agbakoba Nneka Regina, Okwelogu Somadina Izunna, Eki-Udoko Fidelis E., E. Jacinta C., O. Olukayode","doi":"10.21474/ijar01/18290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/18290","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Viral diarrhoea continues to be a challenge among children under five years of age in Nigeria. While other non-viral agents of diarrhoea have been well documented, the agents of viral diarrhoea especially their genetic diversity have not been well studied in our locality, hence this study. Method: This was a cross-sectional study carried out at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH) and NnamdiAzikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH) in Benin City and Nnewi respectively. Three hundred and thirty participants were recruited for the study using stratified random sampling, aged between 1 and 5 years. All the diarrhoeic stools had their DNA/RNA extracted using the Quick-RNA Viral MiniPrep Kit and stored at -80°C for polymerase chain reaction. Sequences of the adenovirus were done using a Big Dye DNA sequencing kit. Bioinformatics was done using R packages in R studio v3 software. Data from the study were analyzed using chi-square and level of significance expressed using p-value (p<0.05). Results: Adenoviral diarrhoea was higher in Benin City (18 11.8%) than Nnewi (11 6.1%). Females (55.2%) were more infected than the males (44.8%) (p>0.05). Among the population studied, there was no rotavirus genome detected. Ten (10) adenovirus sequences from serotype 40 were identified and deposited into the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (Genbank: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) under the accession number ON128719 - ON128728. The prevalence of adenovirus in the study locality is 8.7%. More females were infected than the males, although not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: The study also concluded that sex had no relationship with the spread of adenovirus diarrhoea among under-fives (p>0.05).","PeriodicalId":13781,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"6 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140414752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/Purpose:Post office saving schemes are backed by the government of the respective country, providing a high level of safety and security for investors funds.Some post office saving schemes may offer tax benefits, such as exemptions on the interest earned or deductions under specific sections of the tax code. Post office saving schemes, such as fixed deposits or recurring deposits, can be suitable for individuals with long-term savings goals, such as planning for education, marriage, or retirement.It is essential for investors to carefully evaluate their financial objectives and consider factors like inflation, liquidity needs, and overall portfolio diversification before choosing post office saving schemes as their primary investment avenue. Objective: To analyze the preference of investors towards different post office saving schemes. Design/Methodology/Approach: Primary data is collected through a structured questionnaire. The area of research is confined to Durg district only. Descriptive analysis has been done to analyze the research questions. Originality/Value: This paper outlines the perception of an individual towards the different saving schemes provided by the Post office. Findings/Results:An investment is a pledge of a persons current assets that allows him to receive future income through interest, dividends, rent, wages, pension benefits, or capital appreciation.
{"title":"PREFERENCE OF INVESTORS TOWARDS POST OFFICE SAVING SCHEMES","authors":"Harsha Sirmour, R.P Agrawal","doi":"10.21474/ijar01/18310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/18310","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Purpose:Post office saving schemes are backed by the government of the respective country, providing a high level of safety and security for investors funds.Some post office saving schemes may offer tax benefits, such as exemptions on the interest earned or deductions under specific sections of the tax code. Post office saving schemes, such as fixed deposits or recurring deposits, can be suitable for individuals with long-term savings goals, such as planning for education, marriage, or retirement.It is essential for investors to carefully evaluate their financial objectives and consider factors like inflation, liquidity needs, and overall portfolio diversification before choosing post office saving schemes as their primary investment avenue. Objective: To analyze the preference of investors towards different post office saving schemes. Design/Methodology/Approach: Primary data is collected through a structured questionnaire. The area of research is confined to Durg district only. Descriptive analysis has been done to analyze the research questions. Originality/Value: This paper outlines the perception of an individual towards the different saving schemes provided by the Post office. Findings/Results:An investment is a pledge of a persons current assets that allows him to receive future income through interest, dividends, rent, wages, pension benefits, or capital appreciation.","PeriodicalId":13781,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140415222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim:This study aims to create a new one-pot synthesis method for substituted indoles, focusing on efficiency, by-product reduction, and comparative advantages over conventional Leimgruber-Batcho reactions. Methods:Researchers optimized a one-pot synthesis strategy for maximum yield, reduced by-products, and resource utilization, comparing it to traditional Leimgruber-Batcho reactions, ensuring a sustainable, environmentally friendly approach. Results:The one-pot synthesis method efficiently produced substituted indoles with reduced environmental impact, yielding more than conventional reactions, shortened reaction times, and aligning with green chemistry principles. Conclusions:The one-pot synthesis method for substituted indoles, using 2-nitrotoluenes and dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal, is a significant advancement in the field, offering improved efficiency, environmental sustainability, and higher yields compared to conventional methods, making it a more resource-effective and economically viable option.
{"title":"STREAMLINED SYNTHESIS: ENHANCING THE LEIMGRUBER-BATCHO INDOLE ROUTE FOR ONE-POT TANDEM PRODUCTION OF 2,3-UNSUBSTITUTED INDOLES","authors":"Aviraboina Siva Prasad, Talupula Venkateswara Rao","doi":"10.21474/ijar01/18325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/18325","url":null,"abstract":"Aim:This study aims to create a new one-pot synthesis method for substituted indoles, focusing on efficiency, by-product reduction, and comparative advantages over conventional Leimgruber-Batcho reactions. Methods:Researchers optimized a one-pot synthesis strategy for maximum yield, reduced by-products, and resource utilization, comparing it to traditional Leimgruber-Batcho reactions, ensuring a sustainable, environmentally friendly approach. Results:The one-pot synthesis method efficiently produced substituted indoles with reduced environmental impact, yielding more than conventional reactions, shortened reaction times, and aligning with green chemistry principles. Conclusions:The one-pot synthesis method for substituted indoles, using 2-nitrotoluenes and dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal, is a significant advancement in the field, offering improved efficiency, environmental sustainability, and higher yields compared to conventional methods, making it a more resource-effective and economically viable option.","PeriodicalId":13781,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140415531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rahul Dev Choudhury, Sukanta Ch Nath, Debraj Nath, K. Hinoca Assumi
The brief overview highlighted the evolving realm of e-sports and gaming, emphasizing the ascent of competitive play, its effect on health and wellbeing, and the necessity to adapt public strategies to the digital arena. It examined the growth of e-sports, the issues linked to extended screen time, and the value of promoting physical exercise among gamers. The summary underscored movements and predictions in e-sports, such as continuing expansion, mainstream acceptance, diversification of titles, mobile gaming prominence, increased professionalism, integration of emerging technologies, and regional spread. Furthermore, it explored ways to adapt public health initiatives to the digital space, like digital health promotion, online psychological help, digital literacy and health education, epidemiological monitoring, and policy and regulation. The abstract underscored the importance of balancing screen time with physical activity and cultivating a culture of health and wellness in the e-sports community amid technological advancements and evolving trends.
{"title":"RISE OF E-SPORTS AND GAMING: BALANCING SCREEN TIME WITH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY","authors":"Rahul Dev Choudhury, Sukanta Ch Nath, Debraj Nath, K. Hinoca Assumi","doi":"10.21474/ijar01/18358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/18358","url":null,"abstract":"The brief overview highlighted the evolving realm of e-sports and gaming, emphasizing the ascent of competitive play, its effect on health and wellbeing, and the necessity to adapt public strategies to the digital arena. It examined the growth of e-sports, the issues linked to extended screen time, and the value of promoting physical exercise among gamers. The summary underscored movements and predictions in e-sports, such as continuing expansion, mainstream acceptance, diversification of titles, mobile gaming prominence, increased professionalism, integration of emerging technologies, and regional spread. Furthermore, it explored ways to adapt public health initiatives to the digital space, like digital health promotion, online psychological help, digital literacy and health education, epidemiological monitoring, and policy and regulation. The abstract underscored the importance of balancing screen time with physical activity and cultivating a culture of health and wellness in the e-sports community amid technological advancements and evolving trends.","PeriodicalId":13781,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"2009 33","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140416267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Elomari Alaoui, A. Fliti, Ismail Boujida, Mariame Meziane, K. Znati, L. Benzekri, Nadia Ismaili, K. Senouci
Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (LSA) most commonly presents as atrophic plaques in the genital region but rarely can occur in extra-genital locations (1), reportedly present in 6% to 20% of patients. Its a pathology that can be underdiagnosed and under-treated. The diagnosis should be confirmed with a skin biopsy, and early, thorough treatment should be initiated.(2)We report a case of lichen sclerosus et atrophicus in a woman with purely cutaneous involvement.
{"title":"EXTRAGENITAL LICHEN SCLEROSUS ET ATROPHICUS : A CASE REPORT","authors":"M. Elomari Alaoui, A. Fliti, Ismail Boujida, Mariame Meziane, K. Znati, L. Benzekri, Nadia Ismaili, K. Senouci","doi":"10.21474/ijar01/18355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/18355","url":null,"abstract":"Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (LSA) most commonly presents as atrophic plaques in the genital region but rarely can occur in extra-genital locations (1), reportedly present in 6% to 20% of patients. Its a pathology that can be underdiagnosed and under-treated. The diagnosis should be confirmed with a skin biopsy, and early, thorough treatment should be initiated.(2)We report a case of lichen sclerosus et atrophicus in a woman with purely cutaneous involvement.","PeriodicalId":13781,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"2013 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140416416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This review article delves into the multifaceted field of forensic nursing, scope of the forensic nursing, examining the pivotal role these professionals play at the intersection of healthcare and the legal system. Through an in-depth analysis of key literature, we explore the scope of forensic nursing, eligibility criteria, diverse responsibilities of forensic nurses, their impact on patient care, evidence collection, challenges, opportunities for forensic nurses and their crucial role in the judicial process in Indian context.
{"title":"UNVEILING THE SPECIALISED REALM OF FORENSIC NURSING IN INDIA","authors":"Ankita Sharma, Pushpa a","doi":"10.21474/ijar01/18269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/18269","url":null,"abstract":"This review article delves into the multifaceted field of forensic nursing, scope of the forensic nursing, examining the pivotal role these professionals play at the intersection of healthcare and the legal system. Through an in-depth analysis of key literature, we explore the scope of forensic nursing, eligibility criteria, diverse responsibilities of forensic nurses, their impact on patient care, evidence collection, challenges, opportunities for forensic nurses and their crucial role in the judicial process in Indian context.","PeriodicalId":13781,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"4 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140410170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This abstract examines the literature on Prameha, a word that encompasses several metabolic problems, in order to provide light on Ayurvedas unique insights regarding pancreas health. The review delves into historical Ayurvedic literature, examining their viewpoints on preserving pancreatic health and averting issues associated with Prameha. The abstract attempts to offer light on holistic approaches to pancreas health within the Ayurvedic framework by fusing ancient wisdom with new scientific findings. A fuller comprehension of Ayurvedas contributions to contemporary viewpoints on metabolic health comes from this investigation, with possible implications for integrative healthcare practices and preventive measures.
{"title":"A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF LITERATURE ON PRAMEHA","authors":"Sumol Anand Pawar, Neha Rathod","doi":"10.21474/ijar01/18353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/18353","url":null,"abstract":"This abstract examines the literature on Prameha, a word that encompasses several metabolic problems, in order to provide light on Ayurvedas unique insights regarding pancreas health. The review delves into historical Ayurvedic literature, examining their viewpoints on preserving pancreatic health and averting issues associated with Prameha. The abstract attempts to offer light on holistic approaches to pancreas health within the Ayurvedic framework by fusing ancient wisdom with new scientific findings. A fuller comprehension of Ayurvedas contributions to contemporary viewpoints on metabolic health comes from this investigation, with possible implications for integrative healthcare practices and preventive measures.","PeriodicalId":13781,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"1 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140410334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rituximab, an anti CD20 monoclonal antibody, is used in the management of lymphoproliferative and autoimmune conditions such as pemphigus. As an immunosuppressor, it exposes patients to an increased risk of infection. Two cases of varicella-zoster virus infection post Rituximab were been reported in literature. The coexistence of chickenpox (primary infection) and shingles (reactivation of latent infection) in the same patient has never been reported in the literature, especially after rituximab treatment. Herein we present the first case of association of these 2 manifestations in a patient 12 days after rituximab therapy for pemphigus.
{"title":"VARICELLA-ZOSTER VIRUS INFECTION IN A PATIENT 12 DAYS POST RITUXIMAB: UNUSUAL CO-PRESENTATION OF SHINGLES AND CHICKENPOX","authors":"Amani Fliti, Meryem Elomari Alaoui, Mariame Meziane, Nadia Ismaili, Laila Benzekri, K. Senouci","doi":"10.21474/ijar01/18356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/18356","url":null,"abstract":"Rituximab, an anti CD20 monoclonal antibody, is used in the management of lymphoproliferative and autoimmune conditions such as pemphigus. As an immunosuppressor, it exposes patients to an increased risk of infection. Two cases of varicella-zoster virus infection post Rituximab were been reported in literature. The coexistence of chickenpox (primary infection) and shingles (reactivation of latent infection) in the same patient has never been reported in the literature, especially after rituximab treatment. Herein we present the first case of association of these 2 manifestations in a patient 12 days after rituximab therapy for pemphigus.","PeriodicalId":13781,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"91 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140411279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Effective communication is paramount in the field of education, particularly among school teachers who serve as conduits of knowledge and facilitators of learning. This research article examines the communicative competence of school teachers, exploring its multifaceted dimensions and implications for pedagogical practice. Drawing upon theoretical frameworks and empirical evidence, this study investigates the components of communicative competence, its role in classroom interactions, and the factors influencing its development and enhancement. Additionally, it offers insights into the assessment methods and strategies for fostering communicative competence among school teachers.
{"title":"ASSESSING COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE AMONG SCHOOL TEACHERS: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS","authors":"Samadhan S. Mane","doi":"10.21474/ijar01/18326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/18326","url":null,"abstract":"Effective communication is paramount in the field of education, particularly among school teachers who serve as conduits of knowledge and facilitators of learning. This research article examines the communicative competence of school teachers, exploring its multifaceted dimensions and implications for pedagogical practice. Drawing upon theoretical frameworks and empirical evidence, this study investigates the components of communicative competence, its role in classroom interactions, and the factors influencing its development and enhancement. Additionally, it offers insights into the assessment methods and strategies for fostering communicative competence among school teachers.","PeriodicalId":13781,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"82 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140411345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The twenty-first century is marked by increasingly sophisticated advances in science and technology. Critical thinking and creative thinking skills are skills needed in this century. In addition, STEM is also needed to practice these 21st-century skills. However, the reality in the field found that students critical thinking and creative thinking skills are still low. The next fact is that there is still little application of STEM-integrated learning. The solution to overcome these problems is STEM-integrated learning to improve students critical and creative thinking skills. The purpose of this study was to describe the effect size of students critical and creative thinking skills on STEM-integrated learning. The research method used is a meta-analysis. The data collected were 20 national and international articles related to the effect of STEM learning on students critical and creative thinking skills. The strong or weak influence of STEM learning on critical and creative thinking skills is determined by the size of the effect. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the level of education, learning models, and learning materials showed that the influence of STEM learning on students critical and creative thinking skills was in the high category. This research provides an opportunity for future research to develop STEM-integrated learning to improve other twenty-first-century skills at every level of education, relate them to learning models, and apply them to every learning material.
{"title":"EFFECTS OF STEM LEARNING ON CRITICAL AND CREATIVE THINKING SKILLS: A META-ANALYSIS","authors":"Asrizal, Febrian Virijai, Annisa N., Usmeldi","doi":"10.21474/ijar01/18273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/18273","url":null,"abstract":"The twenty-first century is marked by increasingly sophisticated advances in science and technology. Critical thinking and creative thinking skills are skills needed in this century. In addition, STEM is also needed to practice these 21st-century skills. However, the reality in the field found that students critical thinking and creative thinking skills are still low. The next fact is that there is still little application of STEM-integrated learning. The solution to overcome these problems is STEM-integrated learning to improve students critical and creative thinking skills. The purpose of this study was to describe the effect size of students critical and creative thinking skills on STEM-integrated learning. The research method used is a meta-analysis. The data collected were 20 national and international articles related to the effect of STEM learning on students critical and creative thinking skills. The strong or weak influence of STEM learning on critical and creative thinking skills is determined by the size of the effect. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the level of education, learning models, and learning materials showed that the influence of STEM learning on students critical and creative thinking skills was in the high category. This research provides an opportunity for future research to develop STEM-integrated learning to improve other twenty-first-century skills at every level of education, relate them to learning models, and apply them to every learning material.","PeriodicalId":13781,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"31 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140408725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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