Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n9p7
Hagag Gabasa
This paper deals with the design of speed and torque control of DC motor drive. The PI control scheme is proposed for the system, and it is usually used in DC motor drives. The proposed control schemes guarantee the asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system. The converter that is used in the system is a 4-quadratic switch-mode DC-DC converter. The design is based on a small signal model and verified using a large signal model. To illustrate the developed control schemes, the performance of the closed loop system is simulated using MATLAB. The simulation, analysis, and discussion are introduced to present the efficiency of the scheme.
{"title":"A Proposed Simulation Approach for Teaching the Design of a DC Motor using MATLAB","authors":"Hagag Gabasa","doi":"10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n9p7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n9p7","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the design of speed and torque control of DC motor drive. The PI control scheme is proposed for the system, and it is usually used in DC motor drives. The proposed control schemes guarantee the asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system. The converter that is used in the system is a 4-quadratic switch-mode DC-DC converter. The design is based on a small signal model and verified using a large signal model. To illustrate the developed control schemes, the performance of the closed loop system is simulated using MATLAB. The simulation, analysis, and discussion are introduced to present the efficiency of the scheme.","PeriodicalId":13846,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Scientific Research and Development","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135031911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n9p1
Mohamed Mohsen, Moftah Hussain, Khalid Mustafa, Mohammed Mostafa
The STM studies of Fe films with thickness above 0.6 ML do not contribute significantly to the solution of the structural problems, because of the Au surface layer, which hinders details of the Fe sub-surface layers. The Mossbauer spectroscopy appears in this case as an exceptional method, which has the ability to solve structural and magnetic problems. Our discussion is based on a simplified spectrum analysis, assuming a discrete character of the spectral components. In reality, a distribution of the hyperfine magnetic field, as well as isomer shift and the quadrupole splitting is an obvious and natural consequence of the finite size system 'presented by the monolayer film. The exact fitting of all hyperfine parameters distribution is too difficult. Most of the fitting procedures treat the distributions of IS vs. Bhf and QS vs. Bhf as linearly dependent as described using the well-known Voigt-based method.
{"title":"Ultrathin Fe Films Sandwiched Between Au Layers: CEMS- study","authors":"Mohamed Mohsen, Moftah Hussain, Khalid Mustafa, Mohammed Mostafa","doi":"10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n9p1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n9p1","url":null,"abstract":"The STM studies of Fe films with thickness above 0.6 ML do not contribute significantly to the solution of the structural problems, because of the Au surface layer, which hinders details of the Fe sub-surface layers. The Mossbauer spectroscopy appears in this case as an exceptional method, which has the ability to solve structural and magnetic problems. Our discussion is based on a simplified spectrum analysis, assuming a discrete character of the spectral components. In reality, a distribution of the hyperfine magnetic field, as well as isomer shift and the quadrupole splitting is an obvious and natural consequence of the finite size system 'presented by the monolayer film. The exact fitting of all hyperfine parameters distribution is too difficult. Most of the fitting procedures treat the distributions of IS vs. Bhf and QS vs. Bhf as linearly dependent as described using the well-known Voigt-based method.","PeriodicalId":13846,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Scientific Research and Development","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135031916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n9p3
Abdulrhman Alamoudi
This research aims to explain the nature of the mortgage instrument by reviewing its definition and provisions in Islamic law. As well as knowing the importance of this tool in documenting debts in Islamic banks. To achieve these goals, the paper was divided into six sections that briefly cover the subject of mortgage jurisprudentially, with a focus on mortgage applications in the case of Islamic banks.
{"title":"Mortgage and its Importance in Authenticating Debt: A Case Study of Islamic Banks","authors":"Abdulrhman Alamoudi","doi":"10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n9p3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n9p3","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to explain the nature of the mortgage instrument by reviewing its definition and provisions in Islamic law. As well as knowing the importance of this tool in documenting debts in Islamic banks. To achieve these goals, the paper was divided into six sections that briefly cover the subject of mortgage jurisprudentially, with a focus on mortgage applications in the case of Islamic banks.","PeriodicalId":13846,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Scientific Research and Development","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n9p9
Cecile Awad
This research deals with Ibn Khaldun’s social philosophy, as contained in his famous introduction, which he wrote as an introduction to his book on history, known as “The Book of Lessons, the Diwan of the Beginner and the News in the Days of the Arabs, Persians, and Berbers, and Those Who Contemporized Them with the Greatest Power.” Due to the multiplicity of topics included in the “Introduction” and their overlap in such a way that it is impossible to separate them, the research was concerned with “human urbanism” in the first place, as it is - according to what the research assumed - the main axis around which Ibn Khaldun’s philosophy revolves, this is through revealing the methodological relationship that links the “science of urbanization” with the science of history, for which Ibn Khaldun stipulated that the historian must understand the phenomena of urbanization and know the causes and reasons that lead to it so that he will be able to distinguish between historical news and its levels of certainty, and separate what is true and real. In it and what is false or delusional. In the context of “urbanization” and its concept, the research shed light on the problem of progress according to Ibn Khaldun, and its connection to the concept of urbanization itself. It reviewed the conditions for achieving progress in human societies based on what can be deduced from the introduction. It is the political, economic, and ideological condition. Then he discussed the main features of progress as a social philosophical problem that was crystallized by Ibn Khaldun's personal interest in politics and society as a scholar and worker in both fields. In addition to its historical coincidence with the eras of decline and decline in Islamic history, which Ibn Khaldun was a witness to in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries.
{"title":"Social Philosophy According to Ibn Khaldun: A Study of The Concept of “Human Urbanization” and Its Relationship to Progress","authors":"Cecile Awad","doi":"10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n9p9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n9p9","url":null,"abstract":"This research deals with Ibn Khaldun’s social philosophy, as contained in his famous introduction, which he wrote as an introduction to his book on history, known as “The Book of Lessons, the Diwan of the Beginner and the News in the Days of the Arabs, Persians, and Berbers, and Those Who Contemporized Them with the Greatest Power.” Due to the multiplicity of topics included in the “Introduction” and their overlap in such a way that it is impossible to separate them, the research was concerned with “human urbanism” in the first place, as it is - according to what the research assumed - the main axis around which Ibn Khaldun’s philosophy revolves, this is through revealing the methodological relationship that links the “science of urbanization” with the science of history, for which Ibn Khaldun stipulated that the historian must understand the phenomena of urbanization and know the causes and reasons that lead to it so that he will be able to distinguish between historical news and its levels of certainty, and separate what is true and real. In it and what is false or delusional. In the context of “urbanization” and its concept, the research shed light on the problem of progress according to Ibn Khaldun, and its connection to the concept of urbanization itself. It reviewed the conditions for achieving progress in human societies based on what can be deduced from the introduction. It is the political, economic, and ideological condition. Then he discussed the main features of progress as a social philosophical problem that was crystallized by Ibn Khaldun's personal interest in politics and society as a scholar and worker in both fields. In addition to its historical coincidence with the eras of decline and decline in Islamic history, which Ibn Khaldun was a witness to in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries.","PeriodicalId":13846,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Scientific Research and Development","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n9p6
Rabia Abbas, Shaker Sukkar
This study aimed to investigate the effects of Cactus (Aloe vera) leaf powder and gel on the productive performance and some characteristics of broiler carcasses. A total of 288 one-day-old broiler chicks (Ross -308) were randomly distributed among eight treatments, three replicates, and 12 birds per each replicate according to the complete random design (CRD). The first treatments were fed a basal diet (BD) and considered as a control treatment. The second treatment was fed BD supplemented with Neomycin as an antibiotic at 0.5 g/kg. Third, fourth, and fifth treatments were fed BD supplemented with Aloe vera powder at 5, 15, and 30 g/kg. Aloe vera gel at levels 5, 15, and 30 (ml/l) was administrated in drinking water to treatments sixth, seventh, and eighth respectively. Results indicated a significant improvement (P≤0.05) in final body weight (except T2 and T6) and total weight gain (except T6) for all supplemented treatments comparison to control. There was a significant decrease (p≤0.05) in total feed intake for all supplemented treatments as compared to the control, while there was a significant improvement in total feed conversion ratio in all supplemented treatments compared to the control. A significant increase (p≤0.05) in total water consumption in the T3, T4, T5 and T8 treatments as compared to control, and T2, T6, and T7, as well, a significant increase in the ratio of water consumption to feed for all supplemented treatments as compared with control. A significant increase (p≤0.05) in carcass weight and dressing percentage for all supplemented treatments except T2 and T6 as compared with the control. The performance index, production index, and protein efficiency ratio significantly were better than the control. In conclusion, Aloe vera leaf powder (5, 15, 30 g/kg) to broiler diets and leaf jell in drinking water (15 and 30 ml/l), could be used to improve production performance, carcass traits, performance index, production index, and protein efficiency ratio. The study also confirms that supplemented with 5 (g /kg) of Aloe vera leaf powder and 15-30 (ml /liter) of gel could be a successful alternative to the antibiotic Neomycin (0.5 g/ kg) in broiler diets.
{"title":"Evaluation of Supplemented Various Levels of Cactus (Aloe vera) Leaf Powder and Gel on Production Performance and some Carcass Characteristics of Broilers","authors":"Rabia Abbas, Shaker Sukkar","doi":"10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n9p6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n9p6","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the effects of Cactus (Aloe vera) leaf powder and gel on the productive performance and some characteristics of broiler carcasses. A total of 288 one-day-old broiler chicks (Ross -308) were randomly distributed among eight treatments, three replicates, and 12 birds per each replicate according to the complete random design (CRD). The first treatments were fed a basal diet (BD) and considered as a control treatment. The second treatment was fed BD supplemented with Neomycin as an antibiotic at 0.5 g/kg. Third, fourth, and fifth treatments were fed BD supplemented with Aloe vera powder at 5, 15, and 30 g/kg. Aloe vera gel at levels 5, 15, and 30 (ml/l) was administrated in drinking water to treatments sixth, seventh, and eighth respectively. Results indicated a significant improvement (P≤0.05) in final body weight (except T2 and T6) and total weight gain (except T6) for all supplemented treatments comparison to control. There was a significant decrease (p≤0.05) in total feed intake for all supplemented treatments as compared to the control, while there was a significant improvement in total feed conversion ratio in all supplemented treatments compared to the control. A significant increase (p≤0.05) in total water consumption in the T3, T4, T5 and T8 treatments as compared to control, and T2, T6, and T7, as well, a significant increase in the ratio of water consumption to feed for all supplemented treatments as compared with control. A significant increase (p≤0.05) in carcass weight and dressing percentage for all supplemented treatments except T2 and T6 as compared with the control. The performance index, production index, and protein efficiency ratio significantly were better than the control. In conclusion, Aloe vera leaf powder (5, 15, 30 g/kg) to broiler diets and leaf jell in drinking water (15 and 30 ml/l), could be used to improve production performance, carcass traits, performance index, production index, and protein efficiency ratio. The study also confirms that supplemented with 5 (g /kg) of Aloe vera leaf powder and 15-30 (ml /liter) of gel could be a successful alternative to the antibiotic Neomycin (0.5 g/ kg) in broiler diets.","PeriodicalId":13846,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Scientific Research and Development","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n9p5
Zakiah Al-Ofi
This study aimed at identifying the factors affecting inflation rates in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for the period (1980-2016). To achieve the study purpose, the researcher adopted the descriptive analytical model as it suits this phenomenon. A group of variables that are expected to affect the inflation rate in the Saudi economy is selected. These variables are: money supply growth rate, imports of GDP, oil price growth rate, rate of exchange, income growth rate interest rate on the dollar and generate price level. Besides that, a standard model was built based on a series of data of inflation determents for the Saudi economy (1980-2016). The researcher also used the EViews program to tackle the relation among the variables and to obtain the best results. The study reached the following set of results: There is a direct relation between the inflation rate and money supply growth rate, imports of GDP, and general price level. Whereas the money supply growth rate has the strongest impact on inflation followed by imports of GDP, on the other hand, there is an inverse relation with both exchange rate. Meanwhile, the rest of the variables, oil price growth rate, income growth rate, and interest rate on the dollar have no effect on the inflation rate in Saudi Arabia.
{"title":"Factors Affecting Inflation Rates in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A standard study from 1980 to 2016","authors":"Zakiah Al-Ofi","doi":"10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n9p5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n9p5","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed at identifying the factors affecting inflation rates in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for the period (1980-2016). To achieve the study purpose, the researcher adopted the descriptive analytical model as it suits this phenomenon. A group of variables that are expected to affect the inflation rate in the Saudi economy is selected. These variables are: money supply growth rate, imports of GDP, oil price growth rate, rate of exchange, income growth rate interest rate on the dollar and generate price level. Besides that, a standard model was built based on a series of data of inflation determents for the Saudi economy (1980-2016). The researcher also used the EViews program to tackle the relation among the variables and to obtain the best results. The study reached the following set of results: There is a direct relation between the inflation rate and money supply growth rate, imports of GDP, and general price level. Whereas the money supply growth rate has the strongest impact on inflation followed by imports of GDP, on the other hand, there is an inverse relation with both exchange rate. Meanwhile, the rest of the variables, oil price growth rate, income growth rate, and interest rate on the dollar have no effect on the inflation rate in Saudi Arabia.","PeriodicalId":13846,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Scientific Research and Development","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135031726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n7p1
الطاهر الزوي, خولة أبوالعيد
This study aimed to identify the effect of adding local ginger powder at a rate of 5, 7 and 10% and fresh local ginger at a rate of 7% on the numbers of pathogenic microbial in chicken meat discs manufactured in a laboratory and preserved under freezing conditions -12 °C for 15, 30 and 60 days. The bacteriological analysis conducted on the chicken frozen tablets included the total number of bacteria, coliform bacteria, Psychrotrophic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and numbers of fungi and yeasts. The results of bacteriological analysis indicated a decrease in most types of the numbers of pathogenic microbes in chicken meat discs preserved under freezing conditions at -12°C when adding concentrations of 5, 7 and 10% of ginger powder and fresh ginger at a rate of 7%. Where the inhibitory effect was on the total numbers of bacteria, coliform bacteria Psychrotrophic bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, the number of fungi and yeasts at a concentration of 5% of dry ginger powder during the 15day storage period where a decrease was observed from 6.166, 4.873, 4.477, 5.493 and 4.814 log10 cfu/g to 5.985, 3.982, 2.229, 4.926 and 4.642 log10 cfu/g respectively. The resulted showed an increase in the frozen storage period to 30 days the microbial content had a significant effect at a significant level of P < 0.05 as it was in the control treatment 5.655, 4.362, 5.638, 5.022 and 4.892 log10 cfu/g when adding dry ginger at a concentration of 5%, the numbers were 5.474, 3.741, 2.162, 4.527 and 5.031 log10 cfu/g respectively. It was observed that the total number of bacteria, coliform bacteria, Psychrotrophic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and numbers of fungi and yeasts increased in the control treatment at 60 day of frozen storage were 4.963, 4.537, 5.827, 4.676 and 4.472 log10 cfu/g, while when adding dry ginger at a concentration of 5%, inconstancy was seen in most of the pathogenic microbial numbers were 4.782, 3.692, 2.316, 3.746 and 4.738 log10 cfu/g respectively. The results also showed a decrease in most of the numbers of pathogenic bacteria by adding concentrations of 7 and 10% of dry ginger powder during 60 days on the total number of bacteria from 4.409 to 4.603log10 cfu/g and coliform bacteria from 3.978 to 3.833 log10cfu/g and Psychrotrophic bacteria from 2.116 to 1.151 log10cfu/g and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria from 4.424 and 3.967 log10 cfu/g and numbers of fungi and yeasts from 3.636 to 2.742 log10 cfu/g respectively. Also, the results showed that adding a concentration of 7% of fresh ginger during the storage period of 60 days had the highest inhibitory effect on the total numbers of bacteria, coliform bacteria Psychrotrophic bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, the number of fungi and yeasts which recorded 4.084, 3.551, 1.962, 4.028 and 2.768 log10 cfu/g respectively compared to the control sample, which were 4.963, 4.537, 5.827, 4.472 and 4.676 log10 cfu/g respectively.
{"title":"Studying the Effect of Adding Local Ginger as an Antimicrobial Growth in Frozen Chicken Meat","authors":"الطاهر الزوي, خولة أبوالعيد","doi":"10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n7p1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n7p1","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to identify the effect of adding local ginger powder at a rate of 5, 7 and 10% and fresh local ginger at a rate of 7% on the numbers of pathogenic microbial in chicken meat discs manufactured in a laboratory and preserved under freezing conditions -12 °C for 15, 30 and 60 days. The bacteriological analysis conducted on the chicken frozen tablets included the total number of bacteria, coliform bacteria, Psychrotrophic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and numbers of fungi and yeasts. The results of bacteriological analysis indicated a decrease in most types of the numbers of pathogenic microbes in chicken meat discs preserved under freezing conditions at -12°C when adding concentrations of 5, 7 and 10% of ginger powder and fresh ginger at a rate of 7%. Where the inhibitory effect was on the total numbers of bacteria, coliform bacteria Psychrotrophic bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, the number of fungi and yeasts at a concentration of 5% of dry ginger powder during the 15day storage period where a decrease was observed from 6.166, 4.873, 4.477, 5.493 and 4.814 log10 cfu/g to 5.985, 3.982, 2.229, 4.926 and 4.642 log10 cfu/g respectively. The resulted showed an increase in the frozen storage period to 30 days the microbial content had a significant effect at a significant level of P < 0.05 as it was in the control treatment 5.655, 4.362, 5.638, 5.022 and 4.892 log10 cfu/g when adding dry ginger at a concentration of 5%, the numbers were 5.474, 3.741, 2.162, 4.527 and 5.031 log10 cfu/g respectively. It was observed that the total number of bacteria, coliform bacteria, Psychrotrophic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and numbers of fungi and yeasts increased in the control treatment at 60 day of frozen storage were 4.963, 4.537, 5.827, 4.676 and 4.472 log10 cfu/g, while when adding dry ginger at a concentration of 5%, inconstancy was seen in most of the pathogenic microbial numbers were 4.782, 3.692, 2.316, 3.746 and 4.738 log10 cfu/g respectively. The results also showed a decrease in most of the numbers of pathogenic bacteria by adding concentrations of 7 and 10% of dry ginger powder during 60 days on the total number of bacteria from 4.409 to 4.603log10 cfu/g and coliform bacteria from 3.978 to 3.833 log10cfu/g and Psychrotrophic bacteria from 2.116 to 1.151 log10cfu/g and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria from 4.424 and 3.967 log10 cfu/g and numbers of fungi and yeasts from 3.636 to 2.742 log10 cfu/g respectively. Also, the results showed that adding a concentration of 7% of fresh ginger during the storage period of 60 days had the highest inhibitory effect on the total numbers of bacteria, coliform bacteria Psychrotrophic bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, the number of fungi and yeasts which recorded 4.084, 3.551, 1.962, 4.028 and 2.768 log10 cfu/g respectively compared to the control sample, which were 4.963, 4.537, 5.827, 4.472 and 4.676 log10 cfu/g respectively.","PeriodicalId":13846,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Scientific Research and Development","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87515620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n7p4
Suhair Faraj
This research paper aimed to investigate the syntactic constraints that govern the use of prepositional phrases in English and Arabic, using Optimality Theory (OT) framework. A set of English and Arabic sentences containing prepositional phrases were collected and analyzed for constraint violations. This study compared the syntactic structures of prepositional phrases in both languages by examining the case marking, headedness, and subject-verb agreement requirements of OT. The findings indicated that although prepositional phrases are used similarly in Arabic and English, there are also structural variations between them. In particular, the study finds that Arabic prepositional phrases exhibit more markedness and complexity than English preposition phrases, due to the influence of case marking and agreement constraints in OT. The study contributes to our understanding of the syntactic structures of preposition phrases in both languages and highlights the importance of considering the role of syntactic constraints in language comparison studies.
{"title":"Optimality Theory and Syntactic Constraints in English and Arabic Prepositional Phrases: A Comparative Analysis","authors":"Suhair Faraj","doi":"10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n7p4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n7p4","url":null,"abstract":"This research paper aimed to investigate the syntactic constraints that govern the use of prepositional phrases in English and Arabic, using Optimality Theory (OT) framework. A set of English and Arabic sentences containing prepositional phrases were collected and analyzed for constraint violations. This study compared the syntactic structures of prepositional phrases in both languages by examining the case marking, headedness, and subject-verb agreement requirements of OT. The findings indicated that although prepositional phrases are used similarly in Arabic and English, there are also structural variations between them. In particular, the study finds that Arabic prepositional phrases exhibit more markedness and complexity than English preposition phrases, due to the influence of case marking and agreement constraints in OT. The study contributes to our understanding of the syntactic structures of preposition phrases in both languages and highlights the importance of considering the role of syntactic constraints in language comparison studies.","PeriodicalId":13846,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Scientific Research and Development","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75282689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n5p3
أنوار قورية, الطيب بوتبقالت, إبراهيم الشعبي
The study aims to study the influence of the media on international politics, and to support the axes of the thesis with case studies from various platforms and media outlets that lived through the phases of the democratic Arab Spring series in all the Arab countries that the thesis will address to talk about. The studies included in the content of the thesis reveal the available conceptual and theoretical links. Between the information and communication revolution on the one hand, and the democratic transition on the other. From these basic concepts and relationships, there are many objectives that are based on the influence exerted by the most prominent manifestations of the communications and information revolution, such as satellite television channels and the Internet, in their relationship to the process of forming public opinion, institutions, bodies and parties in the Arab region. The study also aims to democratize and build systems and institutions in the region. Al-Arabiya operates according to a forward-looking vision for political and social relations.
{"title":"The Impact of Mass Media on International Politics in Arab Countries","authors":"أنوار قورية, الطيب بوتبقالت, إبراهيم الشعبي","doi":"10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n5p3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n5p3","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to study the influence of the media on international politics, and to support the axes of the thesis with case studies from various platforms and media outlets that lived through the phases of the democratic Arab Spring series in all the Arab countries that the thesis will address to talk about. The studies included in the content of the thesis reveal the available conceptual and theoretical links. Between the information and communication revolution on the one hand, and the democratic transition on the other. From these basic concepts and relationships, there are many objectives that are based on the influence exerted by the most prominent manifestations of the communications and information revolution, such as satellite television channels and the Internet, in their relationship to the process of forming public opinion, institutions, bodies and parties in the Arab region. The study also aims to democratize and build systems and institutions in the region. Al-Arabiya operates according to a forward-looking vision for political and social relations.","PeriodicalId":13846,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Scientific Research and Development","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75635976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.59992/ijsr.2023.v2n8p11
Salma Bashir
Recently, the health of individuals has been considered one of the most important human rights, and medical education has become an economic source and tributary that provides the country with human resources to build a healthy society free of diseases. This research presents a general idea of health medical education and highlights health education activities perspectives that can contribute to the development: the fields of nursing, pharmacy, medical technology, and midwifery. All of them fall within the curricula that respond to the increase by getting acquainted with the paths of medical education in the Al-Batman region. The role of training comes as a difficult task that must be dealt with, highlighted, and focused on the means that work to develop and develop it, and the need to dedicate it in the medical future. It is included within the scientific program of institutes and colleges that supervise medical and health education through the development of teachers and educational leaders. This research proposes to train graduates to become tomorrow's teachers are not only skilled but also able to keep pace with the ever-evolving world and thinking in deeper areas for the benefit of society, also in the hope that those who can turn to become more involved and active with medical institutions, medical research centers, and health care homes in the future and work to develop advanced medical courses.
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