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Intelligent sorting method for assembly line based on visual positioning and model predictive control of robotic arm 基于机械臂视觉定位和模型预测控制的装配线智能分拣方法
2区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20231604.7908
Ruining Zhang, Wei Lu, Xingliang Jian, Hui Luo
The existing steering device in the fruit and vegetable packaging assembly line cannot adjust the attitude of lettuce to a unified attitude, affecting the input and packaging process of the packaging machine. This study proposes an intelligent assembly line sorting method based on the visual positioning and model predictive control of a robotic arm. First, lightweight improvement based on the YOLOv5 is realized, the lettuce stalk in the background of the conveyor belt is promptly identified, the image of the lettuce stalk in the anchor box area is processed, and the edge contour point set is determined to extract the pixel coordinates of the optimal grasp point and mirror inclination angle of the lettuce. For the intelligent assembly line system, a robot arm kinematics model is constructed and the robot kinematics inverse solutions are calculated. Additionally, the lettuce movement speeds are dynamically measured by the vision system. A combination of the model prediction control, dynamic tracking, and rapid sorting of the lettuce by the robot claw is realized. The results show that the average detection time of a single frame image in the visual positioning part is 0.014 s, which is reduced by 50%; the accuracy and recall are 98% and 95%, respectively. The detection time is significantly reduced by ensuring accuracy. Within the current speed range of the packaging assembly line conveyor belt, the manipulator can grasp lettuce at different speeds stably and fast; the average axial error, average radial error, and adjusted average inclination angle error are 0.71 cm, 1.02 cm, and 3.79°, respectively, verifying the high efficiency and stability of the model. The proposed method of this study enables application in the intelligent sorting operation of industrial assembly lines Keywords: YOLOv5, deep learning, image recognition, model predictive control, intelligent assembly line DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20231604.7908 Citation: Zhang R N, Lu W, Jian X L, Luo H. Intelligent sorting method for assembly line based on visual positioning and model predictive control of robotic arm. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2023; 16(4): 207-214.
果蔬包装装配线中现有的转向装置无法将生菜的姿态调整到统一的姿态,影响包装机的输入和包装过程。提出了一种基于机械臂视觉定位和模型预测控制的智能装配线分拣方法。首先,实现基于YOLOv5的轻量化改进,及时识别输送带背景中的生菜茎秆,对锚箱区域的生菜茎秆图像进行处理,确定边缘轮廓点集,提取生菜最优抓取点和镜像倾角的像素坐标。针对智能装配线系统,建立了机器人手臂的运动学模型,计算了机器人的运动学逆解。此外,生菜的运动速度由视觉系统动态测量。实现了模型预测控制、动态跟踪和机器人爪对生菜的快速分拣相结合。结果表明:视觉定位部分单帧图像的平均检测时间为0.014 s,降低了50%;准确率和召回率分别为98%和95%。通过确保准确性,大大缩短了检测时间。在目前包装装配线输送带的速度范围内,机械手可以稳定快速地抓取不同速度的生菜;平均轴向误差、平均径向误差和调整后的平均倾角误差分别为0.71 cm、1.02 cm和3.79°,验证了模型的高效率和稳定性。关键词:YOLOv5,深度学习,图像识别,模型预测控制,智能装配线DOI: 10.25165/ j.j ijabe.20231604.7908引用本文:张瑞宁,卢伟,简晓玲,罗慧。基于视觉定位和机械臂模型预测控制的装配线智能分拣方法农业与生物工程学报,2023;16(4): 207 - 214。
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引用次数: 0
Visual tracking for underwater sea cucumber via correlation filters 基于相关滤波器的水下海参视觉跟踪
2区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20231603.4503
Honglei Wei, Xiangzhi Kong, Xianyi Zhai, Qiang Tong, Guibing Pang
One of the essential techniques for using underwater robots to fish sea cucumbers is that the robots must track sea cucumbers using computer vision technology. Tracking underwater targets is a challenging task due to suspension, water absorption, and light scattering. This study proposed a simple but effective algorithm for sea cucumber tracking based on Kernelized Correlation Filters (KCF) framework. This method tracked the head and tail of the sea cucumber respectively and calculated the scale change according to the distance between the head and tail. The KCF method was improved on three strategies. First of all, the target was searched at the predicted position to improve accuracy. Secondly, an adaptive learning rate updating method based on the detection score of each frame was proposed. Finally, the adaptive size of the histogram of the oriented gradient (HOG) feature was used to balance the accuracy and efficiency. Experimental results showed that the algorithm had good tracking performance. Keywords: visual tracking, correlation filters, kernelized correlation filters, sea cucumber, scale estimation, underwater DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20231603.4503 Citation: Wei H L, Kong X Z, Zhai X Y, Tong Q, Pang G B. Visual tracking for underwater sea cucumber via correlation filters. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2023; 16(3): 16(3): 247–253.
利用计算机视觉技术对海参进行跟踪是水下机器人捕捞海参的关键技术之一。由于悬浮、吸水、光散射等问题,跟踪水下目标是一项具有挑战性的任务。提出了一种简单有效的基于核相关滤波器(KCF)框架的海参跟踪算法。该方法分别对海参的头部和尾部进行跟踪,根据头部和尾部之间的距离计算尺度变化。通过三种策略对KCF方法进行了改进。首先在预测位置对目标进行搜索,提高搜索精度;其次,提出了一种基于每帧检测分数的自适应学习率更新方法;最后,利用定向梯度(HOG)特征直方图的自适应大小来平衡精度和效率。实验结果表明,该算法具有良好的跟踪性能。关键词:视觉跟踪,相关滤波器,核化相关滤波器,海参,尺度估计,水下[DOI: 10.25165/ j.j ijabe.20231603.4503]引用本文:魏海龙,孔祥志,翟晓燕,佟强,庞国斌。基于相关滤波器的水下海参视觉跟踪。农业与生物工程学报,2023;16(3): 16(3): 247-253。
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引用次数: 0
Smart control system for the precision cultivation of black fungus 黑木耳精密栽培智能控制系统
IF 2.4 2区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20231601.6257
Yongcheng Jiang, Jianjun Li, Yang Li, Shide Li, Xin Song, H. Wu, Shushan Zhu
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引用次数: 0
Comprehensive evaluation of the optimal rates of irrigation and potassium application for strawberry 草莓最佳灌溉施钾量的综合评价
IF 2.4 2区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20231602.7591
X. Yang, Rongcheng Du, Mengchi Zhang, Huawei Feng, Ziqing Wang, Zhi Zhang
: Accurate and effective management of irrigation and fertilization is essential for efficient greenhouse strawberry production. Here, the effects of the combined application of water and potassium on strawberry growth were evaluated by experimenting with 12 treatments, including four transpiration (ET C )-based irrigation levels (W1: 100% ET C , W2: 85% ET C , W3: 70% ET C , and W4: 55% ET C ) and three potassium levels according to the target yield (K1: 369.5 kg/hm 2 , K2: 307.9 kg/hm 2 , and K3: 246.3 kg/hm 2 ). Various indexes of strawberry yield, fruit quality, water and fertilizer utilization efficiency, and soil nutrient residues were measured. Irrigation and potassium application had significant effects on strawberry production. Higher irrigation levels increased yield ( Y ), and moderate water and potassium application increased single fruit weight (SFW), water utilization efficiency (WUE), total soluble sugar (TSSC), and the sugar-acid ratio (SAR). While low-application of potassium increased the soluble protein content (SP), partial factor productivity of potassium (PFP K ), and reduce nutrient residues in soil effectively. A comprehensive system for evaluating strawberry growth and its benefits to the soil environment was developed. The FAHP and CRITIC methods were used to calculate the subjective weight and objective weight of each index, respectively. The largest subjective weight was observed for Y (0.200), and the largest objective weight was observed for soil-available potassium (0.101). The final weight was determined using Game theory; Y had the highest weight (0.185), and free amino acids (FAA) had the lowest weight (0.047). Grey relational analysis (GRA) was used to evaluate the optimal irrigation and potassium scheme for accomplishing multiple objectives. The response of the comprehensive score of strawberries to irrigation and potassium exhibited a negative parabolic relationship, and the effect of irrigation was greater than the effect of potassium application. There was a significant interaction between irrigation and potassium application, and an irrigation amount of 2053-2525 m 3 /hm 2 with a potassium application rate of 288.1-334.2 kg/hm 2 was optimal for promoting strawberry yield, fruit quality, and efficiency and reducing soil nutrient residues. The results of this study provide new insights that could aid the development of sustainable approaches for enhancing agricultural production.
准确有效的灌溉和施肥管理对温室草莓的高效生产至关重要。本研究通过12个处理,包括4个以蒸腾(ET C)为基础的灌溉水平(W1: 100% ET C、W2: 85% ET C、W3: 70% ET C和W4: 55% ET C)和3个按目标产量(K1: 369.5 kg/hm 2、K2: 307.9 kg/hm 2和K3: 246.3 kg/hm 2),评价了水钾配施对草莓生长的影响。测定了草莓产量、果实品质、水肥利用效率和土壤养分残留量等各项指标。灌溉和施钾对草莓产量影响显著。较高的灌溉水平提高了产量(Y),适度的水钾处理提高了单果重(SFW)、水分利用效率(WUE)、总可溶性糖(TSSC)和糖酸比(SAR)。低施钾可有效提高土壤可溶性蛋白含量(SP)、钾的部分因子生产力(PFP K),减少土壤养分残留。建立了草莓生长及其对土壤环境效益的综合评价体系。采用FAHP法和CRITIC法分别计算各指标的主观权重和客观权重。土壤速效钾的主观质量最大(0.200),土壤速效钾的客观质量最大(0.101)。最终权重由博弈论确定;Y的质量最高(0.185),游离氨基酸(FAA)的质量最低(0.047)。采用灰色关联分析(GRA)对实现多目标的最优灌钾方案进行了评价。草莓综合得分对灌溉和钾肥的响应呈负抛物线关系,灌溉的影响大于钾肥的影响。灌溉与施钾之间存在显著的交互作用,灌溉量为2053 ~ 2525 m3 /hm 2,施钾量为288.1 ~ 334.2 kg/hm 2,对提高草莓产量、果实品质和效率、减少土壤养分残留效果最佳。这项研究的结果提供了新的见解,可以帮助发展可持续的方法来提高农业生产。
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引用次数: 0
Development of the precision feeding system for sows via a rule-based expert system 基于规则的专家系统开发母猪精密饲养系统
IF 2.4 2区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20231602.7427
Chong Chen, Xingqiao Liu, Chao Liu, Qin Pan
: To precisely meet the nutritional requirements of sows during the stages of pregnancy and lactation, a precision feeding system was developed by using the intelligent sow feeder combined with a rule-based expert system and the Internet of Things (IoTs). The model of uncertain knowledge representation was established for inference by using the certainty factor. The daily feeding amount of each sow was calculated by the expert system. An improved pattern matching algorithm Reused Degree Model-RETE (RDM-RETE) was proposed for the decision of daily feeding amount, which sped up inference by optimizing the RETE network topology. A prediction model of daily feeding amount was established by a rule-based expert system and the precision feeding was achieved by an accurate control technology of variable volume. The experimental results demonstrated that the HASH-RDM-RETE algorithm could effectively reduce the network complexity and improve the inference efficiency. The feeding amount decided by the expert system was a logarithmic model, which was consistent with the feeding law of lactating sows. The inferential feeding amount was adopted as the predicted feed intake and the coefficient of correlation between predicted feed intake and actual feed intake was greater than or equal to 0.99. Each sow was fed at different feeding intervals and different feed amounts for each meal in a day. The feed intake was 26.84% higher than that of artificial feeding during lactation days ( p <0.05). The piglets weaned per sow per year (PSY) can be increased by 1.51 compared with that of relatively high levels in domestic pig farms. This system is stable in feeding and lowers the breeding cost that can be applied in precision feeding in swine production.
:为精确满足母猪孕期和哺乳期的营养需求,将智能母猪喂料机与基于规则的专家系统和物联网相结合,开发了一套精确喂料系统。利用确定性因素建立不确定知识表示模型,进行推理。利用专家系统计算每头母猪的日采食量。提出了一种改进的可重用度模型-RETE (RDM-RETE)模式匹配算法,通过优化RETE网络拓扑结构,提高了推理速度。采用基于规则的专家系统建立了日进料量预测模型,采用变体积精确控制技术实现了精确进料。实验结果表明,HASH-RDM-RETE算法可以有效降低网络复杂度,提高推理效率。专家系统确定的投喂量为对数模型,符合泌乳母猪的饲喂规律。预测采食量采用推理采食量,预测采食量与实际采食量的相关系数大于等于0.99。每头母猪按不同的饲喂间隔和一日每顿不同的投料量饲喂。泌乳日采食量比人工饲养高26.84% (p <0.05)。与国内较高水平的猪场相比,每头母猪年断奶仔猪数(PSY)可提高1.51头。该系统饲喂稳定,降低了养殖成本,可应用于养猪生产中的精准饲养。
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引用次数: 1
Spatiotemporal changes and influencing factors of the intensity of agricultural water footprint in Xinjiang, China 新疆农业水足迹强度时空变化及影响因素
2区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20231603.7058
Yanyun Wang, Aihua Long, Xiaoya Deng, Abuduaini Abulizi, Jie Wang, Pei Zhang, Yang Hai, Cai Ren, Ji Zhang, Yundong Liu, Weiming Zhao
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引用次数: 0
Canopy deposition characteristics of different orchard pesticide dose models 不同果园农药剂量模型的冠层沉积特征
2区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20231603.7665
Qingqing Zhou, Xinyu Xue, Chen Chen, Chen Cai, Yuxuan Jiao
{"title":"Canopy deposition characteristics of different orchard pesticide dose models","authors":"Qingqing Zhou, Xinyu Xue, Chen Chen, Chen Cai, Yuxuan Jiao","doi":"10.25165/j.ijabe.20231603.7665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25165/j.ijabe.20231603.7665","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13895,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135361269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Development and tests of sliding contact line-powered track transporter 滑动接触线供电履带运输车的研制与试验
2区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20231604.7841
Yihua Jiang, Fang Yang, Zihao Zhang, Shanjun Li
In order to solve the problems of complexity of control systems and the limited power supply of traditional fuel-powered and battery-driven transporters operating in mountainous orchards, a sliding contact line-powered track transporter was designed and manufactured based on theoretical calculations. Key components of the transporter were developed such as a PLC-based (programmable logic controller) control system, a sliding contact power supply, and transmission system, and a position limit device. The functions and performance of designed transporter were tested. The test results showed that the transporter exhibited a high stability of operation with an average operation velocity of 0.70 m/s, the maximum working slope of 48°, the maximum load of 400 kg, and the maximum remote control distance reaching 1482 m. When the power supply circuit of sliding contact line was 108.8 m in length, the maximum voltage drop was 2.4 V, and the maximum power loss was 174.72 W, which were close to the theoretical calculation values. With a single power supply cabinet, the transporter can operate normally for a maximum track distance of 175.69 m. All the technical indicators of the transporter met the design requirements, and the above-mentioned problems such as complexity of the control system and limited energy supply of the traditional mountain orchard transporter were well solved. This study can provide reference for the design and optimization of mountain orchard transporter. Keywords: mountain orchard, transporter, remote control, sliding contact line, voltage drop DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20231604.7841 Citation: Jiang Y H, Yang F, Zhang Z H, Li S J. Development and tests of sliding contact line-powered track transporter. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2023; 16(4): 68–75.
为解决传统燃料驱动和电池驱动的山地果园运输车控制系统复杂、供电有限的问题,在理论计算的基础上,设计制造了一种接触线驱动的滑动履带运输车。开发了输送机的关键部件,如基于plc(可编程逻辑控制器)的控制系统,滑动接触电源和传输系统,以及位置限制装置。对所设计的输送机的功能和性能进行了测试。试验结果表明,该输送机运行稳定性高,平均运行速度为0.70 m/s,最大工作坡度为48°,最大载荷为400 kg,最大遥控距离达1482 m。当滑动接触线供电电路长度为108.8 m时,最大压降为2.4 V,最大功率损耗为174.72 W,与理论计算值接近。单机柜供电时,可正常运行的最大轨道距离为175.69 m。该输送机各项技术指标均达到设计要求,较好地解决了传统山地果园输送机控制系统复杂、供能有限等问题。本研究可为山地果园输送机的设计与优化提供参考。关键词:山地果园,运输车,遥控,滑动接触线,电压降[DOI: 10.25165/ j.j ijabe.20231604.7841]引用本文:蒋玉华,杨峰,张志华,李世杰。滑动接触线供电履带运输车的研制与试验。农业与生物工程学报,2023;16(4): 68 - 75。
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引用次数: 0
Optimal chemigation duration model based on the crop and environment effects 基于作物和环境效应的最优施肥时长模型
2区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20231604.7408
Hui Wang, Wenpeng Shi, Wene Wang, Xiaotao Hu, Gang Ling, Rong Wei
Herbicides with drip irrigation (chemigation) could control the herbicides application accurately as the irrigation technology, and could reduce the harm to humans and the environment. However, the herbicide concentration is not consistent in the advancing process along the drip irrigation tape of different lengths, which not only influences the crop growth and results in herbicide residue. In this study, the crop and environmental effects of chemigation were discussed, potassium permanganate was used to replace herbicides, and a laboratory test was conducted to determine the best application duration. Based on this result, the maize field experiment of chemigation under plastic mulch was carried out to compare the effects of maize growth index, yield and herbicide residue for determining the optimal chemigation mode. The result shows that there is no significant difference in the application uniformity among treatments, but the leaf area index (LAI), yield, and double-ear rate of maize under continuous application (CA) were higher than those under periodic application (PA) and no application (NA) significantly. One month after the application, the acetochlor residue of the two modes was less than 1%, which would not cause pollution to the surrounding environment. And there was a significant linear regression relationship between the length of drip irrigation tape and the optimal application duration under the same acetochlor dosage. Keywords: chemigation, irrigation mode, maize, environment DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20231604.7408 Citation: Wang H, Shi W P, Wang W E, Hu X T, Ling G, Wei R. An optimal chemigation duration model based on the crop and environment effects. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2023; 16(4): 41-50
除草剂滴灌(化学灌溉)技术可以像灌溉技术一样精确控制除草剂的施用,减少对人类和环境的危害。然而,在不同长度滴灌带推进过程中,除草剂浓度不一致,不仅影响作物生长,而且造成除草剂残留。本研究探讨了化学施用对作物和环境的影响,采用高锰酸钾替代除草剂,并通过室内试验确定了最佳施用期限。在此基础上,进行了玉米地膜下化学施肥试验,比较了玉米生长指数、产量和除草剂残留对玉米生长的影响,确定了最佳化学施肥方式。结果表明:各处理间施用均匀性无显著差异,但连续施用(CA)玉米叶面积指数(LAI)、产量和双穗率显著高于周期施用(PA)和不施用(NA)。使用一个月后,两种模式的乙草胺残留量均小于1%,不会对周围环境造成污染。在相同乙草胺用量下,滴灌带长度与最佳施用时间存在显著的线性回归关系。关键词:施肥,灌溉方式,玉米,环境[DOI: 10.25165/ j.j ijabe.20231604.7408]引用本文:王辉,石文平,王文娥,胡小涛,凌光,魏锐。基于作物和环境效应的最优施肥持续时间模型。农业与生物工程学报,2023;16(4):每周
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引用次数: 0
Vibration analysis and topology optimization of the header of full-feeding rice combine harvester 全馈式水稻联合收割机头部振动分析及拓扑优化
2区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20231604.7096
Han Tang, Changsu Xu, Jianhua Zhu, Rui Guan, Jinwu Wang
The header frame of full-feeding rice combine harvester was characterized by severe vibration due to the excitation force generated by the movement of each working part. In order to solve the problem, the parametric model of header frame was established, and the accuracy of the finite element model was verified by comparison the results of the free modal analysis and free vibration modal test based on Eigensystem Realization Algorithm (ERA). Then the constrained modal frequencies were calculated and compared with the external excitation source frequencies, the results showed that the first and eighth order modal natural frequencies were coupled with the excitation frequencies of the threshing cylinder and the engine respectively, which was apt to resonate. To avoid resonance and achieve lightweight design, topology optimization and the finite element analysis was carried out. The optimization results showed that the strength and rigidity meet the requirements and the weight was 14.17% lower than before. The first and eighth order modal natural frequencies were far away from the excitation frequencies range of threshing cylinder and engine, and the frequencies were far away from the range of each excitation frequency, which effectively avoided the occurrence of resonance. Field experiments showed that the peak value of the vibration acceleration in the three directions of the 8 measuring points of the optimized header frame was significantly reduced, which effectively reduced the vibration of the header frame during harvest. This study provides a method for obtaining the vibration characteristics of key components of agricultural machinery, and provides a reference for the weight and vibration reduction of header frame of rice, wheat, rape and other crop combine harvesters. Keywords: eigensystem realization algorithm, modal analysis, free modal test, topology optimization, lightweight, field experiment DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20231604.7096 Citation: Tang H, Xu C S, Zhu J H, Guan R, Wang J W. Vibration analysis and topology optimization of the header of full-feeding rice combine harvester. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2023; 16(4): 96-108.
全馈式水稻联合收割机机头机架由于各工作部件运动产生的激振力而产生剧烈振动。为解决这一问题,建立了箱梁框架的参数化模型,并通过基于特征系统实现算法(ERA)的自由模态分析和自由振动模态试验结果的对比,验证了有限元模型的准确性。计算了约束模态频率,并与外部激励源频率进行了比较,结果表明,一阶和八阶模态固有频率分别与脱粒缸和发动机的激励频率耦合,易于发生共振。为了避免共振和实现轻量化设计,进行了拓扑优化和有限元分析。优化结果表明,强度和刚度均满足要求,重量比优化前降低14.17%。一阶和八阶模态固有频率远离脱粒缸和发动机的激励频率范围,且远离各激励频率范围,有效避免了共振的发生。现场试验表明,优化后的头框8个测点在3个方向上的振动加速度峰值明显减小,有效地降低了收获过程中头框的振动。本研究为获取农业机械关键部件的振动特性提供了一种方法,为水稻、小麦、油菜等作物联合收割机的头框减重减振提供了参考。关键词:特征系统实现算法,模态分析,自由模态试验,拓扑优化,轻量化,田间试验DOI: 10.25165/ j.j ijabe.20231604.7096引用本文:唐辉,徐春生,朱建华,关锐,王建文。全饲型水稻联合收割机收箱振动分析与拓扑优化。农业与生物工程学报,2023;16(4): 96 - 108。
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引用次数: 0
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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering
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