The theme of this paper is the behavior analysis of the concrete girders classically armored with the addition of mineral wool fibers. The author made five sets of concrete girders of the same geometric characteristics: 12x20x250 cm and twelve concrete elements (cubes and prisms). The following parameters were tested: the strength of the classically armored concrete with the addition of mineral wool fibers, the concrete ductility and the control of cracking. The girders were loaded with the variable force: 2x5kN to 2x19 kN at the short time load after 28 days from the day of their making and at the long time load , during 365 days. The influence of the concrete , armored by the fibers mineral wool , reflected to the concrete strength at bending 16,5% .
{"title":"The testing of the tensil strenght concrete at bending","authors":"N. Tončev","doi":"10.9790/9622-0707097275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-0707097275","url":null,"abstract":"The theme of this paper is the behavior analysis of the concrete girders classically armored with the addition of mineral wool fibers. The author made five sets of concrete girders of the same geometric characteristics: 12x20x250 cm and twelve concrete elements (cubes and prisms). The following parameters were tested: the strength of the classically armored concrete with the addition of mineral wool fibers, the concrete ductility and the control of cracking. The girders were loaded with the variable force: 2x5kN to 2x19 kN at the short time load after 28 days from the day of their making and at the long time load , during 365 days. The influence of the concrete , armored by the fibers mineral wool , reflected to the concrete strength at bending 16,5% .","PeriodicalId":13972,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80553933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Courtyard housing is an important dwelling type in human history. It was founded in many ancient histories of different countries and climate zones. Many factors influenced certain types and forms of urban courtyard houses in order to create better living environments. This study try to explore some criticize points about basic human needs of courtyards. Which it refers to environmental and social backgrounds during past times, which it selected to analyze two contemporary types of traditional sample work in Baghdad. Drawings and framework used to understand the ideology of courtyards as well as other factors related to territory, society, psychology, culture and environment. Religion and traditions of Baghdad have played a special role. Through time and across cultures, territorial and environmental factors were found to be highly relevant to almost all the courtyard-housing forms. This study might be helpful for architects where they undertake contemporary design works.
{"title":"Urban Courtyard Housing Form as a Response to Human Need, Culture and Environment in Hot Climate Regions: Baghdad as a Case Study","authors":"W. Baiz, Shaida Jamal Fathulla","doi":"10.9790/9622-0609011019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-0609011019","url":null,"abstract":"Courtyard housing is an important dwelling type in human history. It was founded in many ancient histories of different countries and climate zones. Many factors influenced certain types and forms of urban courtyard houses in order to create better living environments. This study try to explore some criticize points about basic human needs of courtyards. Which it refers to environmental and social backgrounds during past times, which it selected to analyze two contemporary types of traditional sample work in Baghdad. Drawings and framework used to understand the ideology of courtyards as well as other factors related to territory, society, psychology, culture and environment. Religion and traditions of Baghdad have played a special role. Through time and across cultures, territorial and environmental factors were found to be highly relevant to almost all the courtyard-housing forms. This study might be helpful for architects where they undertake contemporary design works.","PeriodicalId":13972,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91069208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this paper is to investigate the Structural behavior of the damaged steel B.F.I. Beam (No. 10) under fatigue load (repeated load by 40% the value that produces a static failure) and make a comparison with the static loads for the same specimen. Which repaired and reinforced by Carbon fiber polymers strips (CFRP) (3*10cm * 100cm), fixed at the center of the tension flange and 8 strips (8*8mm*10mm) were distributed and fixed to the two faces of the web. The damage is created by notching (4mm) in the center of the tension flange for the six beams and two beams were damaged by the failure test of the two control beams. We have ten B.F.I. Beams, five beams were tested under static load and the other five beams under fatigue load with different ways of reinforcing by the layers of CFRP. We make an experimental comparison between the behavior for the ten beams under static and fatigue loads. We noticed that CFRP patching resulted in improvement in fatigue life of the damaged beams of up to 6.4 times over that of unrepaired beams, and to 1.8 % for static load cases, CFRP strips moderate fatigue crack propagation. The reinforcing to the web work as a stiffeners improve the shear failure and the deflection.
{"title":"TheExperimental investigation of the damaged B.F.I. Beamrepaired by CFRP under the Static and fatigue loads","authors":"Hala Abusafa","doi":"10.9790/9622-0707083043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-0707083043","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this paper is to investigate the Structural behavior of the damaged steel B.F.I. Beam (No. 10) under fatigue load (repeated load by 40% the value that produces a static failure) and make a comparison with the static loads for the same specimen. Which repaired and reinforced by Carbon fiber polymers strips (CFRP) (3*10cm * 100cm), fixed at the center of the tension flange and 8 strips (8*8mm*10mm) were distributed and fixed to the two faces of the web. The damage is created by notching (4mm) in the center of the tension flange for the six beams and two beams were damaged by the failure test of the two control beams. We have ten B.F.I. Beams, five beams were tested under static load and the other five beams under fatigue load with different ways of reinforcing by the layers of CFRP. We make an experimental comparison between the behavior for the ten beams under static and fatigue loads. We noticed that CFRP patching resulted in improvement in fatigue life of the damaged beams of up to 6.4 times over that of unrepaired beams, and to 1.8 % for static load cases, CFRP strips moderate fatigue crack propagation. The reinforcing to the web work as a stiffeners improve the shear failure and the deflection.","PeriodicalId":13972,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90925657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The onset of non linear double diffusive convection in a couple stress fluid with rotation modulation is studied using a truncated representation of Fourier series. The resulting non-autonomous Lorenz model is solved numerically using of Fourier series. The Fehlberg45 method to qualify the heat and mass transport.
{"title":"Non Linear Double Diffusive Convection In A Couple Stress Fluid With Rotational Modulation","authors":"Premila Kollur, G. Reddy","doi":"10.9790/9622-0707102529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-0707102529","url":null,"abstract":"The onset of non linear double diffusive convection in a couple stress fluid with rotation modulation is studied using a truncated representation of Fourier series. The resulting non-autonomous Lorenz model is solved numerically using of Fourier series. The Fehlberg45 method to qualify the heat and mass transport.","PeriodicalId":13972,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91460704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The theory of exploded and compressed numbers is a relatively unknown area of Mathematics. By the compressed numbers we are able to compress our Universe into an open cube. On the other hand using the exploded numbers, by the explosion our Universe becomes Multiverse which contains infinitely many three dimensional spaces such that among them one is the our Universe. We show a certain continuation of an unbounded set of our Universe such that this continuation is situated in another universe. Moreover, we present some passages of the way of a surveyor crossing parallel universes.
{"title":"A mathematical model of the Multiverse described by exploded numbers","authors":"I. Szalay","doi":"10.9790/9622-0708012529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-0708012529","url":null,"abstract":"The theory of exploded and compressed numbers is a relatively unknown area of Mathematics. By the compressed numbers we are able to compress our Universe into an open cube. On the other hand using the exploded numbers, by the explosion our Universe becomes Multiverse which contains infinitely many three dimensional spaces such that among them one is the our Universe. We show a certain continuation of an unbounded set of our Universe such that this continuation is situated in another universe. Moreover, we present some passages of the way of a surveyor crossing parallel universes.","PeriodicalId":13972,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83576891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Calculation of Transmittance of Superconductor-Dielectric Periodic Structure","authors":"J. P. Pandey","doi":"10.9790/9622-0707103033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-0707103033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13972,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81418877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to increase in green house gas emission and increasing climatic changes, the building architecture needs to change to keep up with the time. Green buildings are the future buildings. They utilize natural resources for their energy needs and do not put burden on conventional sources of energy. These are resource efficient buildings from the design stage to the final building. In the present context a number of codes have been developed which need to be followed if a building is to be classified as green building. This paper is an attempt to find out the basics of green building and the codes to be followed to construct the green building. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 10 -07-2017 Date of acceptance: 31-07-2017 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
{"title":"Green Buildings: The Future","authors":"Varinder Hans, Jaswinder Singh","doi":"10.9790/9622-0707100709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-0707100709","url":null,"abstract":"Due to increase in green house gas emission and increasing climatic changes, the building architecture needs to change to keep up with the time. Green buildings are the future buildings. They utilize natural resources for their energy needs and do not put burden on conventional sources of energy. These are resource efficient buildings from the design stage to the final building. In the present context a number of codes have been developed which need to be followed if a building is to be classified as green building. This paper is an attempt to find out the basics of green building and the codes to be followed to construct the green building. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 10 -07-2017 Date of acceptance: 31-07-2017 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------","PeriodicalId":13972,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87551400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental Analysis on Properties of Concrete with Partial Replacement of Cement with Stone Dust","authors":"P. Raj, M. Alam","doi":"10.9790/9622-0707081418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-0707081418","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13972,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77666820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, improved road safety by monitoring human factors i.e., stress, mental load, sleepiness, fatigue etc. of vehicle drivers has been addressed in a number of studies. Due to the indivi ...
{"title":"In-Vehicle Stress Monitoring Based on EEG Signal","authors":"S. Begum, Shaibal Barua, Mobyen Uddin Ahmed","doi":"10.9790/9622-0707095571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-0707095571","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, improved road safety by monitoring human factors i.e., stress, mental load, sleepiness, fatigue etc. of vehicle drivers has been addressed in a number of studies. Due to the indivi ...","PeriodicalId":13972,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79863919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Parisha Parisha, P. Khanna, Puneet Sharma, S. Rizvi
There is a necessity to firmly manage, store, and examine enormous quantity of complex data i.e. semi-structure and unstructured to regulate configurations and developments in order to expand the feature and excellence. It is very essential that clouds be secure and protected because of the critical environment of the applications. The foremost security task using cloud is that the holder of the data possibly will not have control of where the data is located. If anyone who desires to exploit the advantages of using cloud computing, one must also use the resource sharing and scheduling delivered by clouds. The data stored on cloud may be possible altered or modified without the knowledge of client. There should be a mechanism that verifies the stored and the data being retrieved is same.Thus we need protection of the data.This paper examines some significant security services including verification, encryption and decryption are provided in cloud computing system. In this paper data partitioning technique is used for privacy conserving and security of data, using third party auditor (TPA) and concept of hash function. A hash function takes a data of variable size and generates a data of fixed length, which is unique for each data. when data is encoded the hash value of encrypted data is also created and it is stored by third party auditor .For retrieval of data, third party auditor decodes the data by random key and creates the hash of the encrypted file attained from cloud then the hash value is matched and compared with one generated by it and the hash value at data holder, this verifies the data exactness. The objective of this work is designing, an effective flexible storage structure to confirm the accessibility of data and data exactness in cloud.
{"title":"Hash Function based Data Partitioning in Cloud Computing for Secured Cloud Storage","authors":"Parisha Parisha, P. Khanna, Puneet Sharma, S. Rizvi","doi":"10.9790/9622-0707100106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-0707100106","url":null,"abstract":"There is a necessity to firmly manage, store, and examine enormous quantity of complex data i.e. semi-structure and unstructured to regulate configurations and developments in order to expand the feature and excellence. It is very essential that clouds be secure and protected because of the critical environment of the applications. The foremost security task using cloud is that the holder of the data possibly will not have control of where the data is located. If anyone who desires to exploit the advantages of using cloud computing, one must also use the resource sharing and scheduling delivered by clouds. The data stored on cloud may be possible altered or modified without the knowledge of client. There should be a mechanism that verifies the stored and the data being retrieved is same.Thus we need protection of the data.This paper examines some significant security services including verification, encryption and decryption are provided in cloud computing system. In this paper data partitioning technique is used for privacy conserving and security of data, using third party auditor (TPA) and concept of hash function. A hash function takes a data of variable size and generates a data of fixed length, which is unique for each data. when data is encoded the hash value of encrypted data is also created and it is stored by third party auditor .For retrieval of data, third party auditor decodes the data by random key and creates the hash of the encrypted file attained from cloud then the hash value is matched and compared with one generated by it and the hash value at data holder, this verifies the data exactness. The objective of this work is designing, an effective flexible storage structure to confirm the accessibility of data and data exactness in cloud.","PeriodicalId":13972,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85875045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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