Pub Date : 2021-07-16DOI: 10.18311/IJMDS/2021/27292
N. Kaur, Janu Arora, R. Kaur, Nitin Gupta, V. Bhalla, Navdeep Kaur, Bhavneet Singh
Background and Objectives: There are many causes of erectile dysfunction (ED) like congenital anomalies, neurological, endocrinal, pharmacological, psychological, pathological or hemodynamic. Penile doppler ultrasound provides real-time evaluation of cavernosal vascular flow dynamics. Purpose of our study was to evaluate and compare the baseline penile ultrasound and color doppler vascular parameters in patients of ED to see if there was any significant difference between patients of psychogenic and vasculogenic ED (diagnosed on post Papaverine injection color doppler) without the use of intracavernosal Papaverine injection. To best of our knowledge such detailed comparison of baseline penile ultrasound and doppler parameters have not been published in literature. Methods: We have prospectively studied 32 patients of ED who underwent ultrasound, and color doppler pre-and post-papaverine intracavernosal injection. Baseline pre papaverine diameters of right and left cavernosal arteries were measured on grey scale ultrasound. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV) and resistive index (RI) of right and left cavernosal arteries were measured on color doppler before and after injecting intracavernosal papaverine injection. Patients were divided into normal study group (psychogenic ED), arterial insufficiency and venous leakage groups (vasculogenic ED) on the basis of post papaverine color doppler findings. Results: Eighteen patients showed normal study, 11 showed arterial insufficiency and 3 patients had venous leakage on post Papaverine injection color doppler. When base line prepapaverine vascular diameters and color doppler parameters were compared statistically, no significant difference was detected between and within these study groups. We have also compared Ed duration and IIEF scores among various study groups and found statistically significant difference between and within the groups. Conclusion: Use of a vasoactive agent like Papaverine with color Doppler is must to diagnose the vasculogenic ED.
{"title":"Baseline Penile Ultrasound and Color Doppler Parameters – A Comparison Between Psychogenic and Vasculogenic Erectile Dysfunction Patients","authors":"N. Kaur, Janu Arora, R. Kaur, Nitin Gupta, V. Bhalla, Navdeep Kaur, Bhavneet Singh","doi":"10.18311/IJMDS/2021/27292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18311/IJMDS/2021/27292","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: There are many causes of erectile dysfunction (ED) like congenital anomalies, neurological, endocrinal, pharmacological, psychological, pathological or hemodynamic. Penile doppler ultrasound provides real-time evaluation of cavernosal vascular flow dynamics. Purpose of our study was to evaluate and compare the baseline penile ultrasound and color doppler vascular parameters in patients of ED to see if there was any significant difference between patients of psychogenic and vasculogenic ED (diagnosed on post Papaverine injection color doppler) without the use of intracavernosal Papaverine injection. To best of our knowledge such detailed comparison of baseline penile ultrasound and doppler parameters have not been published in literature. Methods: We have prospectively studied 32 patients of ED who underwent ultrasound, and color doppler pre-and post-papaverine intracavernosal injection. Baseline pre papaverine diameters of right and left cavernosal arteries were measured on grey scale ultrasound. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV) and resistive index (RI) of right and left cavernosal arteries were measured on color doppler before and after injecting intracavernosal papaverine injection. Patients were divided into normal study group (psychogenic ED), arterial insufficiency and venous leakage groups (vasculogenic ED) on the basis of post papaverine color doppler findings. Results: Eighteen patients showed normal study, 11 showed arterial insufficiency and 3 patients had venous leakage on post Papaverine injection color doppler. When base line prepapaverine vascular diameters and color doppler parameters were compared statistically, no significant difference was detected between and within these study groups. We have also compared Ed duration and IIEF scores among various study groups and found statistically significant difference between and within the groups. Conclusion: Use of a vasoactive agent like Papaverine with color Doppler is must to diagnose the vasculogenic ED.","PeriodicalId":14010,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"1981-1994"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89346874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-16DOI: 10.18311/IJMDS/2021/27880
Tannabi Deka, S. Chakraborty, A. Bhatia, C. B. Manu
The Indian medical education system which is believed to be one of the largest in the world consists of 479 medical colleges which produces 60,845 doctors per year. Student’s evaluation of any teaching curriculum is a firmly recommended part of the teaching-learning process and is aimed at achieving the desired objectives of producing competent doctors. This cross-sectional study was conducted using a pre-designed questionnaire on 100 medical students studying at undergraduate level in NEIGRIHMS. Primary objective: To study the views of the students regarding the existing medical curriculum. Secondary objective: Whether the present mode of teaching covers all the aspects of teaching or not. Our study found that 74% of third-year and 74% of final year MBBS students were satisfied with the current MBBS curriculum. Significant number of students also felt that ward rounds should commence from first year MBBS with students interested to participate in other activities during the MBBS curriculum. These inputs can be considered for making amendments in the MBBS curriculum to create a student-centric environment.
{"title":"Students View on Medical Curriculum","authors":"Tannabi Deka, S. Chakraborty, A. Bhatia, C. B. Manu","doi":"10.18311/IJMDS/2021/27880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18311/IJMDS/2021/27880","url":null,"abstract":"The Indian medical education system which is believed to be one of the largest in the world consists of 479 medical colleges which produces 60,845 doctors per year. Student’s evaluation of any teaching curriculum is a firmly recommended part of the teaching-learning process and is aimed at achieving the desired objectives of producing competent doctors. This cross-sectional study was conducted using a pre-designed questionnaire on 100 medical students studying at undergraduate level in NEIGRIHMS. Primary objective: To study the views of the students regarding the existing medical curriculum. Secondary objective: Whether the present mode of teaching covers all the aspects of teaching or not. Our study found that 74% of third-year and 74% of final year MBBS students were satisfied with the current MBBS curriculum. Significant number of students also felt that ward rounds should commence from first year MBBS with students interested to participate in other activities during the MBBS curriculum. These inputs can be considered for making amendments in the MBBS curriculum to create a student-centric environment.","PeriodicalId":14010,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"2004-2010"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88291220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-16DOI: 10.18311/IJMDS/2021/26745
G. Venkatesa, N. Sahoo
Background: Maxillofacial injuries can be classified according to its anatomical location of the involved bone and by the degree of involvement like simple, compound or comminuted. Regardless of the site of involvement and nature of trauma the fracture can be addressed by closed and open methods of reduction. Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to record the incidence and factors associated with plate removal in patients with maxillofacial trauma. Materials and Methods: Records of 280 cases managed for maxillofacial trauma in the last (5 years) period from January 2010 to Dec 2014 by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with osteosynthesis plates were analyzed at a tertiary health care facility. Logistic regression analysis was done to find an association between the variables studied and incidence of plate removal. Results: 32 cases (11.42%), 55 number of implants underwent removal of plates due to reasons ranging from infection(50%), Plate exposure(9.375%), treatment failure(15.625%), palpability(12.50%), and persistent pain(12.50%), Zygomatic buttress and Parasymphysis sites had highest incidence of plate removal compared to other sites. Being a female [OR 9.87(4.21–10.72)], age groups of 46-60 [OR 6.39(4.43-9.62)], 31-45 [OR 11.25(6.81-13.77)] and 15-30 [OR 10.01(5.74-12.22)], infra orbital rim among sites [OR 2.03 (1.48-4.67)] significantly increased the odds of incidence of plate removal. Conclusion: In our retrospective analysis, the overall incidence of plate removal was 11.42%. Maximum plate removals were from Zygomatico-Maxillary Buttress and Symphysis and Parasymphysis regions. Infection was found to be the most common cause of plate removal.
{"title":"Incidence of Plate Removal and its Correlation to the Site of Injury in Patients with Maxillofacial Trauma: A Retrospective Study","authors":"G. Venkatesa, N. Sahoo","doi":"10.18311/IJMDS/2021/26745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18311/IJMDS/2021/26745","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Maxillofacial injuries can be classified according to its anatomical location of the involved bone and by the degree of involvement like simple, compound or comminuted. Regardless of the site of involvement and nature of trauma the fracture can be addressed by closed and open methods of reduction. Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to record the incidence and factors associated with plate removal in patients with maxillofacial trauma. Materials and Methods: Records of 280 cases managed for maxillofacial trauma in the last (5 years) period from January 2010 to Dec 2014 by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with osteosynthesis plates were analyzed at a tertiary health care facility. Logistic regression analysis was done to find an association between the variables studied and incidence of plate removal. Results: 32 cases (11.42%), 55 number of implants underwent removal of plates due to reasons ranging from infection(50%), Plate exposure(9.375%), treatment failure(15.625%), palpability(12.50%), and persistent pain(12.50%), Zygomatic buttress and Parasymphysis sites had highest incidence of plate removal compared to other sites. Being a female [OR 9.87(4.21–10.72)], age groups of 46-60 [OR 6.39(4.43-9.62)], 31-45 [OR 11.25(6.81-13.77)] and 15-30 [OR 10.01(5.74-12.22)], infra orbital rim among sites [OR 2.03 (1.48-4.67)] significantly increased the odds of incidence of plate removal. Conclusion: In our retrospective analysis, the overall incidence of plate removal was 11.42%. Maximum plate removals were from Zygomatico-Maxillary Buttress and Symphysis and Parasymphysis regions. Infection was found to be the most common cause of plate removal.","PeriodicalId":14010,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":"2018-2023"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87179131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-16DOI: 10.18311/IJMDS/2021/26738
Kunwar Aggarwal
Background: Incisional hernia remains a frequent complication of abdominal surgery. Results of surgical repair are disappointing with recurrence rates of suture repair being in the range of 5–63% depending upon the type of repair used, with better results using mesh implantation. In extreme cases a large hernial defect exists with a “loss of abdominal domain”. In addition, the approximated rectus muscles under tension become hypoper fused leading to atrophy and increased chances of recurrence. For the management of such large hernias, interest has been generated in the “ Component Separation Technique ”. This technique relaxes abdominal wall by translation of muscular layers without severing the innervation and blood supply, with or without the mesh augmentation. This can accommodate for defects up to 25–30cm in the waistline. However, wound complications are frequent and reported in up to half of the patients. Thus, the study was planned in view of the potential benefits of “CST” and its capability to restore lost abdominal domain. Methods: The study was conducted on 20 patients with “Large Incisional Hernia” with defect size >5cm or with a surface area >50cm 2 operated upon with component separation. Outcome was measured over a follow up period of three months in terms of recurrence and other local complications. Result: There were 20 patients [3 men and 17 women; 70% cases above the age of 50years]. Mean defect size was 9.5cm [range = 6–20cm]. Average body mass index was 28.97kg/m 2 [range = 22–37kg/ m 2 ]. Mean duration of hospital stay was 9 days [range = 5–21 days]. Early complications occurred in 15% (3/20) cases and post-operative abdominal compartment or recurrence was not reported over a follow up period of 3 months. Conclusions: It is finally concluded that “Large Incisional Hernias” can be effectively treated by “Component Separation Technique”
{"title":"Evaluation of the Component Separation Technique for Treatment of Patients with Large Incisional Hernia","authors":"Kunwar Aggarwal","doi":"10.18311/IJMDS/2021/26738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18311/IJMDS/2021/26738","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Incisional hernia remains a frequent complication of abdominal surgery. Results of surgical repair are disappointing with recurrence rates of suture repair being in the range of 5–63% depending upon the type of repair used, with better results using mesh implantation. In extreme cases a large hernial defect exists with a “loss of abdominal domain”. In addition, the approximated rectus muscles under tension become hypoper fused leading to atrophy and increased chances of recurrence. For the management of such large hernias, interest has been generated in the “ Component Separation Technique ”. This technique relaxes abdominal wall by translation of muscular layers without severing the innervation and blood supply, with or without the mesh augmentation. This can accommodate for defects up to 25–30cm in the waistline. However, wound complications are frequent and reported in up to half of the patients. Thus, the study was planned in view of the potential benefits of “CST” and its capability to restore lost abdominal domain. Methods: The study was conducted on 20 patients with “Large Incisional Hernia” with defect size >5cm or with a surface area >50cm 2 operated upon with component separation. Outcome was measured over a follow up period of three months in terms of recurrence and other local complications. Result: There were 20 patients [3 men and 17 women; 70% cases above the age of 50years]. Mean defect size was 9.5cm [range = 6–20cm]. Average body mass index was 28.97kg/m 2 [range = 22–37kg/ m 2 ]. Mean duration of hospital stay was 9 days [range = 5–21 days]. Early complications occurred in 15% (3/20) cases and post-operative abdominal compartment or recurrence was not reported over a follow up period of 3 months. Conclusions: It is finally concluded that “Large Incisional Hernias” can be effectively treated by “Component Separation Technique”","PeriodicalId":14010,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":"2011-2017"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81490115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-16DOI: 10.18311/IJMDS/2021/26829
A. Kaur, V. Sehgal, Jasbir Singh, S. Singh, Meenakshi Raju
Background: Do combined inhalers offer additional benefits or harms in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease compared with the bronchodilator alone? The present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroid/long acting beta agonist combination and to assess the health related quality of life among COPD patients. Methods: A prospective, comparative study was conducted in department of Pulmonary Medicine, Government Medical College and Rajindra Hospital, Patiala. A total of 80 patients were enrolled, and randomly allocated in two groups with 40 patients in each group. In group 1- Budesonide/formoterol (200/6 µg or 400/6 µg), and in group 2- Fluticasone/salmeterol (250/50 µg) was prescribed. The effectiveness was evaluated by assessing exacerbation rate, and breathlessness Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) grade. Health related quality of life was assessed using St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). All the observations thus made were statistically analyzed using chi-square test and t-test. Results: In present study, male patients (n=63) were more than female patients (n=17). In group 1 significant improvement was observed in breathlessness mMRC grade between visit 0 and 2 nd (x2 = 8.50, p=0.004), and between visit 1 st and 2 nd (x2 = 7.24, p=0.007). Similarly, among group 2, significant improvement was seen in mMRC grade between visit 0 and 2 nd (x2 = 8.39, p=0.004), and between visit 1 st and 2 nd (x2 = 5.05, p=0.025). But, no significant difference was seen between group 1 and 2 mMRC grade (p > 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between group 1 and group 2 exacerbation episodess (x2 = 2.13,p>0.05). In SGRQ mean total score, no significant difference was present between group 1 and 2 (p>0.05). Conclusions: Budesonide Formoterol (BFC) and Fluticasone Salmeterol (FSC) belongs to same group of drug class i.e. inhaled corticosteroid with long acting beta agonist combination and are used to treat exacerbations in moderate to severe COPD patients. BFC and FSC are equally effective in present study.
{"title":"A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Inhaled Corticosteroid/Long-Acting Beta Agonist Combination and Assessment of Health-Related Quality of Life Among COPD Patients on this Therapy","authors":"A. Kaur, V. Sehgal, Jasbir Singh, S. Singh, Meenakshi Raju","doi":"10.18311/IJMDS/2021/26829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18311/IJMDS/2021/26829","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Do combined inhalers offer additional benefits or harms in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease compared with the bronchodilator alone? The present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroid/long acting beta agonist combination and to assess the health related quality of life among COPD patients. Methods: A prospective, comparative study was conducted in department of Pulmonary Medicine, Government Medical College and Rajindra Hospital, Patiala. A total of 80 patients were enrolled, and randomly allocated in two groups with 40 patients in each group. In group 1- Budesonide/formoterol (200/6 µg or 400/6 µg), and in group 2- Fluticasone/salmeterol (250/50 µg) was prescribed. The effectiveness was evaluated by assessing exacerbation rate, and breathlessness Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) grade. Health related quality of life was assessed using St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). All the observations thus made were statistically analyzed using chi-square test and t-test. Results: In present study, male patients (n=63) were more than female patients (n=17). In group 1 significant improvement was observed in breathlessness mMRC grade between visit 0 and 2 nd (x2 = 8.50, p=0.004), and between visit 1 st and 2 nd (x2 = 7.24, p=0.007). Similarly, among group 2, significant improvement was seen in mMRC grade between visit 0 and 2 nd (x2 = 8.39, p=0.004), and between visit 1 st and 2 nd (x2 = 5.05, p=0.025). But, no significant difference was seen between group 1 and 2 mMRC grade (p > 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between group 1 and group 2 exacerbation episodess (x2 = 2.13,p>0.05). In SGRQ mean total score, no significant difference was present between group 1 and 2 (p>0.05). Conclusions: Budesonide Formoterol (BFC) and Fluticasone Salmeterol (FSC) belongs to same group of drug class i.e. inhaled corticosteroid with long acting beta agonist combination and are used to treat exacerbations in moderate to severe COPD patients. BFC and FSC are equally effective in present study.","PeriodicalId":14010,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences","volume":"65 1","pages":"1968-1980"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83569095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-16DOI: 10.18311/IJMDS/2021/27691
Anuradha Dehiya, Ravikant Sharma, M. Khullar, Vanita Gupta, Rimpi Gupta
For decades, scholars have debated which mode of education is superior amongst online versus traditional teaching. Some argue in favour of traditional or face to face teaching and others consider online teaching better. Still others suggested hybrid or blended mode of teaching as the most effective and productive method. This shift in strategy for medical education delivery has been driven by external forces beyond the influence of the institutions as well as by their internal dynamic. However, students’ perception towards online teaching as compared to traditional teaching has largely been overlooked. Aims and Objectives: This study or survey in covid pandemic intends to fill this void in the literature, and explore medical students’ perception and obtain their feedback towards online learning or teaching versus traditional teaching (face to face) mode of education in the medical field. Material and Method: Present survey included 1100 medical students from different medical colleges situated under different universities in North India. Survey was developed, which included a total of 14 questions (5 were demographical). After obtaining their responses, statistical analysis of responses was done. Conclusion: The results of present study concluded that medical students preferred traditional teaching over online mode of teaching.
{"title":"Online Teaching versus Traditional Teaching – A Survey among Medical Students in Covid 19 Pandemic","authors":"Anuradha Dehiya, Ravikant Sharma, M. Khullar, Vanita Gupta, Rimpi Gupta","doi":"10.18311/IJMDS/2021/27691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18311/IJMDS/2021/27691","url":null,"abstract":"For decades, scholars have debated which mode of education is superior amongst online versus traditional teaching. Some argue in favour of traditional or face to face teaching and others consider online teaching better. Still others suggested hybrid or blended mode of teaching as the most effective and productive method. This shift in strategy for medical education delivery has been driven by external forces beyond the influence of the institutions as well as by their internal dynamic. However, students’ perception towards online teaching as compared to traditional teaching has largely been overlooked. Aims and Objectives: This study or survey in covid pandemic intends to fill this void in the literature, and explore medical students’ perception and obtain their feedback towards online learning or teaching versus traditional teaching (face to face) mode of education in the medical field. Material and Method: Present survey included 1100 medical students from different medical colleges situated under different universities in North India. Survey was developed, which included a total of 14 questions (5 were demographical). After obtaining their responses, statistical analysis of responses was done. Conclusion: The results of present study concluded that medical students preferred traditional teaching over online mode of teaching.","PeriodicalId":14010,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences","volume":"49 3-10 1","pages":"1995-2003"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84945949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-29DOI: 10.18311/IJMDS/2021/25916
Vasantha Kumar Vanmathi, Varalakshmi R Parasuraman, R. Vanmathi
Temporomandibular Joint ankylosis is the adhesion of the condyle of the mandible to the base of the skull. It is the most common cause of hypoplasia of the mandible and eventual facial asymmetry. This case report describes the management of unilateral bony re-ankylosis of temporomandibular joint after the failure of a costochondral graft in an eight-year-old girl. The management of temporomandibular ankylosis presents a major challenge due to its increased reoccurrence rate. In the present case, simultaneous gap arthroplasty and distraction osteogenesis were performed to separate the ankylotic mass and lengthen the ramus-condyle unit. The one year follow-up of the patient showed adequate mouth opening. We recommend concomitant gap arthroplasty and distraction osteogenesis for effectively managing temporomandibular joint bony ankylosis.
{"title":"Simultaneous Gap Arthroplasty and Distraction Osteogenesis in the Management of Unilateral Bony TMJ Reankylosis – A Case Report","authors":"Vasantha Kumar Vanmathi, Varalakshmi R Parasuraman, R. Vanmathi","doi":"10.18311/IJMDS/2021/25916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18311/IJMDS/2021/25916","url":null,"abstract":"Temporomandibular Joint ankylosis is the adhesion of the condyle of the mandible to the base of the skull. It is the most common cause of hypoplasia of the mandible and eventual facial asymmetry. This case report describes the management of unilateral bony re-ankylosis of temporomandibular joint after the failure of a costochondral graft in an eight-year-old girl. The management of temporomandibular ankylosis presents a major challenge due to its increased reoccurrence rate. In the present case, simultaneous gap arthroplasty and distraction osteogenesis were performed to separate the ankylotic mass and lengthen the ramus-condyle unit. The one year follow-up of the patient showed adequate mouth opening. We recommend concomitant gap arthroplasty and distraction osteogenesis for effectively managing temporomandibular joint bony ankylosis.","PeriodicalId":14010,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":"1945-1951"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86863717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-29DOI: 10.18311/IJMDS/2021/26669
Rudra Kaul, S. Kaur, Ashish Choudhary, V. Kaul, Rahat Saleem, Iggdc Jammu Jammu Jammu Kashmir – India Endodontics
Background: There has been a paradigm shift in the restorative dentistry practiced in the clinics with an increased share of resin-composites in contrast to dental amalgam due to various factors, however, this has not found its way into the Indian dental school curriculum. Aim: To evaluate the self-perceived competence of contemporary restorative practices of dental students in North India. Materials and Methods: 232 dental students from 4 colleges in North India completed a survey comprising 11 polar questions about their perception of contemporary restorative dental practice and their curriculum update regarding the same. Further, the collected data was tabulated and finally extracted data was subjected to descriptive analysis using Chi-square test. Results: All 11 questions showed statistically significant responses. Only 15.5% of students thought that the current curriculum of restorative dentistry was adequate. Moreover, only 20.7% of the respondents were confident about using rubber dam for isolation. About 93.1% felt that the quality of their composite restorations was not at par with those seen on social media. A clear majority of 91.4% felt that the maximum uploads of restorative dentistry involved composite restorations. A huge number of 91.45% did not use rubber dam for isolation in composite restorations. 79.3% students felt that the current curriculum is not teaching them about the various instruments, and developing their skills about instrumentation and operative procedures of composite restorations matching the trending composite practices. Conclusion: Considering the results of this study as the student’s mandate will help shape the guidelines for possibly a new curriculum of conservative dentistry in India.
{"title":"Self-perceived competence of contemporary restorative practices of dental students in North India: A pilot study","authors":"Rudra Kaul, S. Kaur, Ashish Choudhary, V. Kaul, Rahat Saleem, Iggdc Jammu Jammu Jammu Kashmir – India Endodontics","doi":"10.18311/IJMDS/2021/26669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18311/IJMDS/2021/26669","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There has been a paradigm shift in the restorative dentistry practiced in the clinics with an increased share of resin-composites in contrast to dental amalgam due to various factors, however, this has not found its way into the Indian dental school curriculum. Aim: To evaluate the self-perceived competence of contemporary restorative practices of dental students in North India. Materials and Methods: 232 dental students from 4 colleges in North India completed a survey comprising 11 polar questions about their perception of contemporary restorative dental practice and their curriculum update regarding the same. Further, the collected data was tabulated and finally extracted data was subjected to descriptive analysis using Chi-square test. Results: All 11 questions showed statistically significant responses. Only 15.5% of students thought that the current curriculum of restorative dentistry was adequate. Moreover, only 20.7% of the respondents were confident about using rubber dam for isolation. About 93.1% felt that the quality of their composite restorations was not at par with those seen on social media. A clear majority of 91.4% felt that the maximum uploads of restorative dentistry involved composite restorations. A huge number of 91.45% did not use rubber dam for isolation in composite restorations. 79.3% students felt that the current curriculum is not teaching them about the various instruments, and developing their skills about instrumentation and operative procedures of composite restorations matching the trending composite practices. Conclusion: Considering the results of this study as the student’s mandate will help shape the guidelines for possibly a new curriculum of conservative dentistry in India.","PeriodicalId":14010,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"1938-1944"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81027153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-29DOI: 10.18311/IJMDS/2021/25742
S. Tyagi, A. Oberoi
Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a well recognized nosocomial and community acquired pathogen which is implicated in causing a wide spectrum of superficial, deep pyogenic infections and toxin mediated illnesses. Localized infections sometimes progress to systemic infections, while ‘spontaneous’ bacteraemia also occur without an evident septic focus, particularly in chronic debilitated immunocompromised patients. Emergence of drug resistance to penicillins and penicillinase-resistant penicillins (i.e., oxacillin and methicillin) is a globally recognized problem. Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates are also important with respect to the range of nosocomial infections it causes, leading to an increase in the hospital expenditure and mortality or morbidity rate. The increased prevalence of such resistant strains has narrowed down the list of available therapeutic options. Therefore, information regarding the prevalence of S. aureus infections in a health care setting and determining its current antibiotic resistance profile becomes crucial in selecting appropriate treatment regime. Therefore, the current study was done in the department of Microbiology to determine the prevalence of S. aureus infections and the antibiotic resistance pattern of S. aureus isolates from various clinical specimens at our tertiary care hospital in North India. Materials and Methods: A one year prospective study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology, at a tertiary care hospital in North India where non-duplicate strains of S. aureus isolated from various clinical specimens received in the Microbiology laboratory were studied. All S. aureus isolates were subjected to Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing using Kirby Bauer’s disk diffusion method on Mueller Hinton Agar plates in accordance to CLSI guidelines. The antibiotics tested included Penicillin (10U), Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (20/10μg), Sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim (1.25/23.75μg), Ciprofloxacin (5μg), Erythromycin (15μg), Clindamycin (2μg), Vancomycin (30μg), Teicoplanin (30μg) and Linezolid (30μg). Results: A total of 23,699 clinical specimens were processed in the laboratory while conducting this study, from which 1233 clinical isolates of S. aureus were identified and processed further. Among all clinical specimens, pyogenic samples (63.1%) yielded maximum number of S. aureus strains followed by blood samples (29.9%) and urine samples (4.8%). S. aureus infection was more evident in hospitalized 71.2% patients than in OPD patients 28.8%. Seasonal variation was also seen in isolation of S. aureus , with a higher percentage of isolates obtained during summer season than during winter season. On antibiotic susceptibility testing, 49.6% strains were Methicillin Resistant. Majority of the isolates were found resistant to Penicillin (92.1%), followed by Erythromycin (59%). Almost half of the total isolates were resistant to Sulphamethoxazole-Trimethoprim (49.3%) followed by Am
{"title":"Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from Clinical samples at a Tertiary Care Hospital, North India","authors":"S. Tyagi, A. Oberoi","doi":"10.18311/IJMDS/2021/25742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18311/IJMDS/2021/25742","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a well recognized nosocomial and community acquired pathogen which is implicated in causing a wide spectrum of superficial, deep pyogenic infections and toxin mediated illnesses. Localized infections sometimes progress to systemic infections, while ‘spontaneous’ bacteraemia also occur without an evident septic focus, particularly in chronic debilitated immunocompromised patients. Emergence of drug resistance to penicillins and penicillinase-resistant penicillins (i.e., oxacillin and methicillin) is a globally recognized problem. Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates are also important with respect to the range of nosocomial infections it causes, leading to an increase in the hospital expenditure and mortality or morbidity rate. The increased prevalence of such resistant strains has narrowed down the list of available therapeutic options. Therefore, information regarding the prevalence of S. aureus infections in a health care setting and determining its current antibiotic resistance profile becomes crucial in selecting appropriate treatment regime. Therefore, the current study was done in the department of Microbiology to determine the prevalence of S. aureus infections and the antibiotic resistance pattern of S. aureus isolates from various clinical specimens at our tertiary care hospital in North India. Materials and Methods: A one year prospective study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology, at a tertiary care hospital in North India where non-duplicate strains of S. aureus isolated from various clinical specimens received in the Microbiology laboratory were studied. All S. aureus isolates were subjected to Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing using Kirby Bauer’s disk diffusion method on Mueller Hinton Agar plates in accordance to CLSI guidelines. The antibiotics tested included Penicillin (10U), Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (20/10μg), Sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim (1.25/23.75μg), Ciprofloxacin (5μg), Erythromycin (15μg), Clindamycin (2μg), Vancomycin (30μg), Teicoplanin (30μg) and Linezolid (30μg). Results: A total of 23,699 clinical specimens were processed in the laboratory while conducting this study, from which 1233 clinical isolates of S. aureus were identified and processed further. Among all clinical specimens, pyogenic samples (63.1%) yielded maximum number of S. aureus strains followed by blood samples (29.9%) and urine samples (4.8%). S. aureus infection was more evident in hospitalized 71.2% patients than in OPD patients 28.8%. Seasonal variation was also seen in isolation of S. aureus , with a higher percentage of isolates obtained during summer season than during winter season. On antibiotic susceptibility testing, 49.6% strains were Methicillin Resistant. Majority of the isolates were found resistant to Penicillin (92.1%), followed by Erythromycin (59%). Almost half of the total isolates were resistant to Sulphamethoxazole-Trimethoprim (49.3%) followed by Am","PeriodicalId":14010,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"1919-1924"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79741757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-29DOI: 10.18311/IJMDS/2021/26378
P. Parajuli, P. Suwal, R. Singh
Background & Objectives: Inter-Condylar Distance (ICD) has been used as a reliable and fixed parameter for selection of mandibular anterior teeth and their arrangement. The objectives of this study were to determine the relationship of inter-condylar distance with maxillary inter-canine distance and maxillary inter-molar distance. Methods: This crosssectional study was conducted in the Department of Prosthodontics & Crown-Bridge, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS) enrolling 120 dentate subjects those fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Maxillary casts were prepared and the distance between bilateral canine tips were measured using a Vernier caliper. The mesiobuccal cusp tips of maxillary first molars were marked and the distance was measured using the caliper. Inter-condylar distance was measured using arbritary face bow. The distance between the two condylar rods was measured in millimeters using Vernier caliper. Every distance was measured three times to assure the accuracy and mean taken. Data were recorded on the proforma for statistical analysis. Results: The ratio of intercondylar distance to the maxillary inter-canine distance was found to be 3.6:1 whereas that to intermolar distance was 2.6:1. Pearson correlation coefficients (r) for the ICD showed positive and significant correlation to both the inter-dental distances. (r - 0.33, (p<0.001) for Maxillary Inter-Canine distance (MIC) and r – 0.59, (p<0.001) for Maxillary Inter-Molar distance (MIM). Conclusion: Inter-condylar distance provides significant measurements and hence can be used as a guide for maxillary denture teeth arrangement.
{"title":"Assessment of Inter-Condylar Distance as a guide for Arrangement of Maxillary Prosthetic Teeth","authors":"P. Parajuli, P. Suwal, R. Singh","doi":"10.18311/IJMDS/2021/26378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18311/IJMDS/2021/26378","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Objectives: Inter-Condylar Distance (ICD) has been used as a reliable and fixed parameter for selection of mandibular anterior teeth and their arrangement. The objectives of this study were to determine the relationship of inter-condylar distance with maxillary inter-canine distance and maxillary inter-molar distance. Methods: This crosssectional study was conducted in the Department of Prosthodontics & Crown-Bridge, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS) enrolling 120 dentate subjects those fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Maxillary casts were prepared and the distance between bilateral canine tips were measured using a Vernier caliper. The mesiobuccal cusp tips of maxillary first molars were marked and the distance was measured using the caliper. Inter-condylar distance was measured using arbritary face bow. The distance between the two condylar rods was measured in millimeters using Vernier caliper. Every distance was measured three times to assure the accuracy and mean taken. Data were recorded on the proforma for statistical analysis. Results: The ratio of intercondylar distance to the maxillary inter-canine distance was found to be 3.6:1 whereas that to intermolar distance was 2.6:1. Pearson correlation coefficients (r) for the ICD showed positive and significant correlation to both the inter-dental distances. (r - 0.33, (p<0.001) for Maxillary Inter-Canine distance (MIC) and r – 0.59, (p<0.001) for Maxillary Inter-Molar distance (MIM). Conclusion: Inter-condylar distance provides significant measurements and hence can be used as a guide for maxillary denture teeth arrangement.","PeriodicalId":14010,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87018535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：