International Journal of Environmental Health Research最新文献

About 80% of the global lead production is consumed by the battery industry. As old batteries are increasingly being recycled without adequate recourse to safety and protection in many developing countries, there is well-documented evidence of lead poisoning among the workers. This study compared blood lead levels (BLL) of battery recycling workers (BRW) with controls in Northern Nigeria. This cross-sectional study assessed the BLL of BRW (self-employed informal workers, n = 98) and controls (healthcare workers, n = 98). Respondents were selected using systematic random sampling from the lists of BRW and healthcare workers. All respondents in the two groups were males, matched for age (27.81 ± 7.2, 27.67 ± 7.0 years; p = 0.890). The mean BLL was significantly higher (p < 0.001) among the BRW compared to the controls (40.17 ± 4.2 and 3.61 ± 0.4 µg/dL, respectively), with 78.1% of the BRW having elevated BLL (≥20.0 µg/dL) and none (0.0%) of the controls having elevated BLL. Logistic regression shows none of the variables was an independent predictor of BLL in this study, implying battery reclamation as the main source of lead. Federal and state government policies should ban informal battery recycling and emphasize on plants through national collection system to consolidate used batteries only to smelters that meet minimum regulatory requirements.

Type 2 diabetes causes early mortality worldwide. Air pollution's relationship with T2DM has been studied. The association between them is unclear because of inconsistent outcomes. Studies on this topic have been published since 2019, but not thoroughly evaluated. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis using relevant data. The study protocol was registered in PROSPIRO and conducted according to MOOSE guidelines. In total, 4510 manuscripts were found. After screening, 46 studies were assessed using the OHAT tool. This meta-analysis evaluated fine particles with T2DM using OR and HR effect estimates. Evaluation of publication bias was conducted by Egger's test, Begg's test, and funnel plot analysis. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the influence of several studies on the total estimations. Results show a significant association between PM2.5 and PM10 exposure and T2DM. Long-term exposure to fine air particles may increase the prevalence and incidence of T2DM. Fine air pollution increases the chance of developing T2DM mainly via systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress.

In this study, based on a cross-sectional study among 9597 preschoolers in Shandong of China, we quantitatively evaluated influences of lifestyle behaviors and air treatment equipment on indoor damp exposures and thus on risks of childhood pneumonia. In the two-level multivariate logistic regression analyses, childhood pneumonia was significantly associated with parent-reported damp clothing/bedding and visible mold spots or damp stains. These associations were weaker among preschoolers from families who frequently opened the child's bedroom windows, frequently cleaned the child's bedroom, and frequently exposed beddings to sunshine (references: not frequently), as well as among preschoolers without usage of air humidifier and air conditioner and with usage of air purifier. Our results indicate that frequently keeping household ventilation and cleanness, and exposing beddings to sunshine, as well using air purifier could decrease the effects of household damp-related exposures on childhood pneumonia, but using air humidifier and air conditioner could increase the effects.

The infusions prepared from some Quercus L. species are used in folk medicine for medicinal purposes and consumed as tea. Quercus pontica K. Koch was selected in this study, for which no phytochemical isolation studies have been performed so far. Quercetin 3-O- β-D-glucopyranoside, kaempferol 3-O-(6""-O-galloyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside, kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, kaempferol 3-O-(6"'-coumaroyl-β-D-glucopyranoside, phlorizin, rosmarinic acid, and catechin were isolated from the titled plant for the first time. Some polyphenolic compounds have been shown to inhibit histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes. However, there is no study on the any activities of Quercus species in the literature. In this study, we demonstrated that the extract has in vitro pan-HDAC inhibition activity. Through a virtual screening study, the compounds were found to inhibit HDAC7 more strongly than the other HDAC isoforms; therefore, the HDAC7 inhibition activities were studied in vitro. Kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and kaempferol 3-O-(6'"-coumaroyl-β-D-glucopyranoside) showed the best anti-HDAC7 activity with 37% and 41% inhibition at 500 μM.