International Journal of Environmental Health Research最新文献

Pesticide residues were extracted using the QuEChERS method, followed by detection by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The non-carcinogenic health risk in adult and child consumers was calculated by target hazard quotient (THQ) and total target hazard quotient (TTHQ) in the Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) method. The rank order of pesticides detected by UHPLC-MS/MS based on median concentration in onion was tebuconazole (0.004551 mg/kg) > imidacloprid (0.00233 mg/kg) > boscalid (0.00211 mg/kg) > diazinon (0.00079 mg/kg) > thiabendazole (0.00075 mg/kg) > acetamiprid (0.00052 mg/kg) > thiophanate-methyl (0.00052 mg/kg) > dichlorvos (0.000349 mg/kg) > fenitrothion (0.000132 mg/kg) > penconazole (0.00005 mg/kg). The median of TTHQ in adults and children's consumers were 4.00E-3 and 2.00E-2, respectively. TTHQ in adults and children's consumers was lower than 1 value. Hence, consumers were in the acceptable range (TTHQ <1). Consequently, onion consumption cannot endanger consumers' health status due to the pesticide residues.

Olea europaea L. (Oleaceae), is rich in phenolic content and has powerful antioxidant and antidiabetic activity. However, there are no medicinal products prepared due to this feature. Therefore, this study aims to characterize an O. europaea extract with strong antioxidant and antidiabetic properties and to prepare nanoformulations containing this extract. To determine the activities of the extracts prepared from the leaves of the plant, DPPH• and ABTS•+ scavenging, Fe+3 reducing activity, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase inhibition assays were performed. The oleuropein content of the absolute ethanol extract with the highest activity was analysed by HPLC. The characterized extract was loaded into liposomes and chitosan coated liposomes, and the long-term sustainability of their activity was investigated. The encapsulation efficiency was 65.2% for the liposome and 66.8% for the chitosan-coated liposome formulation. The amounts of the extracts released from the formulations were evaluated to exhibit antioxidant and antidiabetic activity.

This study was to estimate the associations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) exposure with the prevalence of total and specific cardiovascular disease (CVD) among the general adult population. This cross-sectional study analyzed 15 urinary VOC metabolites in the general population using the 2011-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n = 5,213). The weighted study population with 47.0 years median age, was primarily female (51.2%). The prevalence of total CVD in the overall population was 7.9%. The single-exposure analyzes of AAMA, ATCA, CEMA, CYMA, DHBMA, 3HPMA, and 3MHA +4MHA were significantly associated with increased prevalence of total CVD. Qgcomp regression consistently showed that urinary VOCs-mixed exposure was positively correlated with the prevalence of total and specific CVDs (chronic heart failure, angina, and stroke), and highlighted each VOCs metabolite weights and direction. The similar results were observed for the WQS regression using mixed analysis methods. In conclusion, exposure to VOCs increases CVD prevalence and advances the identification of risk factors for CVD for environmental study.

We collected meteorological and urolithiasis-related hospitalization data from four counties in Ganzhou City for 2018-2019 and used the DLNM method to assess the lagged and cumulative effects of temperature on urolithiasis hospitalizations and obtain the total effect after meta-combination. Based on the nonlinear association between temperature and urolithiasis hospitalizations, the relative risk of overall high temperature (30℃) was 2.10 (95% CI: 1.07-4.10). No statistically significant difference (p = 0.07) was observed between males (RR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.42-2.94) and females (RR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.09-1.92) for the heat effect, which was higher in the ≥ 60 years age group (RR = 3.18, 95% CI: 1.76-5.76) than in the < 60 years age group (p = 0.007). High temperatures increased the risk of hospitalization for urolithiasis in Ganzhou, China, and the risk was greatest for individuals aged 60 and above, with similar risks observed across counties and genders.

Escherichia coli are pathogenic and antibiotic-resistant organisms that can spread to humans through water. However, there is sparse synthesised information on the dissemination of antibiotic-resistant E. coli through drinking water in Africa. This review provides an overview of the environmental spread of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli through drinking water in Africa. We performed a systematic review based on PRISMA guidelines, and 40 eligible studies from 12 countries were identified until June 2023. Four electronic databases (PubMed, Elsevier, AJOL, and DOAJ) were searched. Studies that employed phenotypic tests (n = 24/40) in identifying the bacterium outstripped those that utilised genome-based methods (n = 13). Of the 40 studies, nine and five, respectively, assessed the bacterium for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenotype and genotype. Multiple antibiotic resistance indices of 0.04-0.1 revealed a low level of antibiotic resistance. The detection of multidrug-resistant E. coli carrying resistance genes in certain water sources suggests that AMR-surveillance expansion should include drinking water.

The strategy for controlling the existence of radionuclides in drinking water depends upon an individual dose criterion (IDC) of 0.1 mSv/y, which represents a very low level of risk that is not expected to cause any identified adverse health effects. Radon gas, considered a carcinogenic radionuclide, can dissolve and accumulate in drinking water. Non-alcoholic carbonated beverages (NACBs), which mainly contain drinking water, phosphoric acid, citric acid, caffeine, and sugar, represent one of the most consumed groups worldwide and in Türkiye. In this study, the radon activity concentration and some physicochemical characteristics of 45 NACB samples from 24 most preferred commercial brands in Türkiye were determined to assess the radiological health risk associated with the ingestion of these samples. Radon activity concentrations measured in NACB samples using the AlphaGUARD radon analyzer ranged from 22.8 ± 0.7 to 54.9 ± 1.7 mBq/L. The pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids, and brix values in NACB samples ranged from 2.31 to 7.29, 401 to 3281 μSv/cm, 355 to 2453 mg/L, and 0.10 to 12.95%, respectively. Total (ingestion and inhalation) annual effective doses and the corresponding excess lifetime cancer risks estimated for adults to assess the radiological health risk are significantly below the IDC and advised safety limit (10^-3), respectively.

Onosma sintenisii Hausskn. ex Bornm. (O. sintenisii) belongs to the Boraginaceae family and it is an endemic species from Irano-turanian phytogeographical region (central and eastern Anatolia) that distributes in steppe areas. This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition, antioxidant, in vitro cytotoxic and apoptosis induction of methanol extract of aerial parts of O. sintenisii. As a result of GC/MS analysis, 14 components were identified, and the major compounds of the extracts are retronecine (13.94%), α.-D-Glucopyranosiduronic acid (10.86%), melaniline (7.5%) and 1,2-Butanediol (4.02%), respectively. Antioxidant properties of O. sintenisii were determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and superoxide radical scavenging activity methods. While the DPPH free radical scavenging activity results of O. sintenisii extract varied between 62.49% and 32.27%, reducing power activity and superoxide radical scavenging activity were found to be low. The result of the MTT assay revealed strong anticancer activity of O. sintenisii extract. The most significant cytotoxic effect was noted at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL after 48 hours. These findings together with flow cytometry analysis suggest that apoptosis can be the main mechanism underlying cell death after O. sintenisii extract treatment.

The demand for food is increasing and the use of soil organic amendments in agricultural management practices has been instructed to increase crop yield and reduce dependence on synthetic inorganic fertilizers at low cost to limited resource farmers. However, the effect of organic amendments on the quality and nutritional composition of edible plants has received little attention. Locally available organic amendments (sewage sludge SS, chicken manure CM, cow manure Cow, vermicompost Vermi, and biochar Bio) were chosen to test their impact on field-grown sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas L. yield, root quality, and root nutritional composition. The results indicated that utilizing Cow manure in growing sweet potatoes significantly promoted root yield and root nutritional composition. Cow treatment produced the greatest number of roots compared to Bio, CM, SS, and the control treatments. The results also revealed that the concentrations of vitamin C (260. 3 µg g^-1), β-carotene (45.4 µg g^-1), soluble sugars (16.7 mg g^-1), and total phenols (196.3 3 µg g^-1 fresh roots) were greater in the roots of plants grown in Cow compared to the roots of the control treatment. The results indicated the low impact of biochar whereas Cow is recommended for enhancing sweet potato yield and nutritional composition.

The prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) in Tibetans is higher than that in Han, while Tibetans have a habit of drinking brick tea with high fluoride. A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the association between fluoride exposure in drinking brick tea and OA. All subjects were divided into four groups by the quartiles (Q) of tea fluoride (TF) and urine fluoride (UF). ROC was plotted and OR were obtained using logistic regression model. The prevalence of OA in the Q3 and Q4 group of TF were 2.2 and 2.7 times higher than in the Q1 group, and the prevalence of OA in the Q2, Q3 and Q4 group of UF were 3.2, 3.5, and 4.1 times higher than in the Q1 group. ROC analysis showed the cutoff values were 4.523 mg/day (TF) and 1.666 mg/L (UF). In conclusion, excessive fluoride in drinking brick tea could be a risk factor for developing OA.

In this meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of occupational hypersensitivity pneumonitis (OHP) among different occupations globally. Our search was conducted on MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane CENTRAL from inception to September 2023. Eligible studies were observational in nature and focused on several specific occupations. A total of 46 articles were included (n = 2,826,420 participants). The overall prevalence of OHP was found to be 4.2% (95% CI: 2.1% to 8.0%), but this varied significantly based on occupation and geographic location. Printers had the highest OHP prevalence at 57.14%, followed by tobacco workers (26.32%), and water-related workers (24.10%). South America showed the highest prevalence of 16.71%, compared to Asia (15.19%), and North America (8.52%). Significant variations in OHP prevalence by occupation and region were found, with the highest rates in printers and tobacco workers. Age and smoking were identified as contributing factors to the prevalence variability.