International Journal of Environmental Health Research最新文献

This study to examine associations between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), 24-hour movement components, and cardiometabolic risk factors in children from southern Brazil, emphasizing the critical variables in these relationships. The sample included 186 schoolchildren (6-11 years, 8.57±1.56). Waist circumference (WC) and CRF were assessed using PROESP-Br protocols, while physical activity (moderate to vigorous - MVPA, and light - LPA) was measured via accelerometers. Sleep and screen time were reported by parents, and fasting blood samples provided data on triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR. Network analysis highlight WC, systolic blood pressure, and MVPA as central variables with significant connectivity. MVPA emerged as central among 24-hour movement behaviors, with CRF playing an intermediary role. Results underscore WC and MVPA's relationship on cardiometabolic health, supporting interventions targeting MVPA to prevent early cardiometabolic risks in children.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of ubiquitous organic compounds mainly produced during the incomplete combustion or pyrolysis of organic materials. Multiple studies have acknowledged PAHs as human carcinogen, which necessitates its detoxication from human and animals. Great and continuous efforts have been made to alleviate the adverse effects of PAHs to human and animals. This study summarizes plenty of techniques, including herbal extraction, phytochemicals, commercial agent and microbes, coupled with some optimized strategies, have utilized for the detoxication of PAHs, which also have limitations. Augmenting the delivery systems of phytochemicals for the improvement of sustained release property and enhancement of the bioavailability, introducing newly screened microbes for PAHs detoxication via biodegrading, as well as engineering microbes for the production of phytochemicals and degradation enzymes are the three future aspects needed to be considered in-depth.

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposure has been linked to asthma, but their individual and combined effects in children remain unclear. Using data from the 2003-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we investigated the associations between PAHs and asthma through logistic regression, Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) regression, Quantile g Computation (qg computation), and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR). Subgroup analyses revealed a significant impact of PAHs on asthma, particularly in males. The WQS model showed a marginally significant combined effect of 9 PAHs on asthma (Odds Ratio = 1.37, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.06-1.75). BKMR also indicated a positive association between combined PAH exposure and asthma. 2-Hydroxyfluorene and 1-Hydroxypyrene were identified as the most significant contributors. These findings suggest that mixed PAH exposure is associated with asthma risk in children.

The growing demand for ferrous metals and abundant scrap materials has fueled Nigeria's scrap-iron smelting industry, leading to hazardous pollutant emissions. This study investigated the concentrations, seasonal and indoor-outdoor variations, origins, and health impacts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in dust samples around a scrap-iron smelting facility. Analyses of dust samples revealed that high molecular weight PAHs (HMWPAHs) dominated during both seasons, with 5-ring PAHs (34%) contributing most during the rainy season and 3-ring PAHs (36%) during the dry season. Carcinogenic PAHs were more prevalent in the rainy season compared to the dry season. Seven PAH sources were identified, with gasoline combustion being the dominant source during the rainy season and iron and steel production during the dry season. Incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) assessments showed PAH concentrations within safe limits, with dermal contact identified as the primary exposure pathway for both children and adults in the study area.

Direct evidence on the impact of air pollution on preterm birth (PTB) among advanced maternal age (AMA) primiparas is limited. This study examined the association between air pollution and PTB among 6,295 AMA primiparas in rural Henan Province. Logistic regression and distributed lag nonlinear models showed that prenatal exposure to carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), and fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) was associated with an increased PTB risk among AMA primiparas, while ozone (O₃) exposure was inversely related to PTB risk (all P < 0.05). Moreover, the vulnerable periods were identified as gestational weeks 1-6 and 22-28. The education level, smoking status, and season of conception significantly modified the association between PTB and air pollution (P _interaction < 0.10) among AMA primiparas. These findings emphasize the impact of air pollution on PTB risk in AMA primiparas, highlighting the need for targeted interventions in vulnerable populations.

Environmental degradation endangers human life. Future generations will be at risk if the necessary impact is not immediately addressed. Addressing environmental issues and enhancing quality-of-life (QoL) require pro-environmental behavior. This study aimed to examine the moderating role of social-value-orientation (SVO) in the association between pro-environmental behavior and QoL. Conducting in Indonesia and involving 402 students i.e., 303 female-students (Mages = 20.48 years, SD = 1.42) and 99 male-students (Mages = 20.49 years, SD = 1.42), this study used General Ecological Behavior Scale (α = 0.83), the WHOQOL-BREF (α = 0.87), and the triple-dominance of SVO. JASP 0.17.2.1 was performed to analyse data namely descriptive statistics and testing the moderating effect. The results showed that pro-environmental behavior and SVO predicted QoL (R2 = 0.247, F(3.398) = 45.533, p = 0.001), SVO moderated the association between pro-environmental behavior and QoL significantly (β = 0.141, p = 0.002). These findings have important implications for the sustainable behavior's promotion and the QoL's improvement.

This study was planned to determine the use of cosmetics, personal care and cleaning products containing chemicals during pregnancy and the affecting factors. The study is quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional. The sample size was calculated using the G*Power program. 287 puerperant women were reached. Data were obtained with the Introductory Information Form and Cosmetic and Chemical Product Usage Form. In the study, number and percentage values were given and chi-square and regression analysis were performed. In cosmetics and personal care products, shampoo, toothpaste and deodorant/perfume are among the top three most commonly used products, while dishwashing detergent, laundry detergent and bleach are among the cleaning products. The products that are most restricted in use are hair dye and descaling. It has been determined that education level, occupation, income and number of pregnancies are effective in the use of some products. Taking measures to protect pregnant women is important for improving maternal and newborn health.

Handwashing is an essential prevention step in foodservice, This randomized comparative study assessed the effectiveness of three training methods -virtual reality (VR), Glo-Germ (GT), and traditional face-to-face training (CT)- in improving handwashing practices among foodservice workers (n = 129). Training focused on the World Health Organization's 11-step handwashing process. Handwashing in the workplace was observed, in a pre- and post-test design, with microbiological swabs also taken. There was an increase in time spent on handwashing that was noticeable across all three groups (p < 0.05) with the highest in the VR group (50.16 ± 26.04 sec.). The mean number of handwashing steps increased across all groups, and the highest increase (8.91 ± 1.49 steps) was observed in the VR group. A statistically significant difference was observed among all groups regarding correctly performed steps, and the VR group showed the highest number of steps (p < 0.01). These findings suggest that VR-based training has value for enhancing hand hygiene practices in foodservice settings.

Airborne pollen, a significant natural pollutant, restricts outdoor activities and impacts quality of life for sensitive individuals with pulmonary disorders. This study examines trends in airborne pollen concentrations and explores whether air pollution, pollen concentration, or both impact patient counts. The annual pollen trend in Jaipur shows peaks in pollen concentration in March (due to trees, 66%), September (due to weeds, 45%), and December (due to grass, 50%). Among the fifteen taxa examined, Holoptelea integrifolia is the largest pollen emitter in Jaipur, followed by Poaceae, among others. The count of patients arriving for clinical consultations in a hospital shows a strong and positive correlation with weed (Asteraceae spp. and Argemone mexicana) and grass pollen. A linear regression equation is developed (R² value = 0.835) for forecasting consulting patient counts based on Cassia siamea pollen concentration. This can assist hospital administration in resource management, especially during peak allergy seasons.

The present systematic review, through the analysis of several studies, focused on attempting to answer the following question: Is the micronucleus assay suitable for genetic biomonitoring of workers exposed to anesthetic gases? We conducted searches in PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science to identify eligible articles on December, 2023. After screening the manuscript, a total of 18 articles were included in the review. In the quality assessment, a total of 12 studies were rated as strong, 3 studies were rated as moderate and 3 were rated as weak. Taken as a whole, the results suggest that occupational exposure to different anesthetic agents may induce genome damage and that the micronucleus assay appears to be a reliable and suitable DNA damage biomarker for professionals chronically exposed to anesthetics.