Pub Date : 2022-06-12DOI: 10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816793
Mario Andrea Sangiovanni, F. Spagnolo, P. Corsonello
This paper presents a multi-exposure fusion approach suitable to be hardware implemented and integrated in real-time video processing pipelines. The proposed approach is inspired by the Merten’s algorithm for blending images in a multi-exposure sequence through simple quality measures, such as saturation and contrast. However, for the purpose of a hardware-friendly implementation, complex Laplacian and Gaussian pyramid computations are here replaced with simpler operations. The proposed approach is suitable to be integrated within a complete system targeting heterogeneous FPGA SoCs. When implemented within the Xilinx Zynq XC7Z020 chip, it runs 94 Mega pixels per second and occupies just 18493 LUTs, which is at least 25% faster and 35.5% cheaper than state-of-the-art designs.
{"title":"Hardware-Oriented Multi-Exposure Fusion Approach for Real-Time Video Processing on FPGA","authors":"Mario Andrea Sangiovanni, F. Spagnolo, P. Corsonello","doi":"10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816793","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a multi-exposure fusion approach suitable to be hardware implemented and integrated in real-time video processing pipelines. The proposed approach is inspired by the Merten’s algorithm for blending images in a multi-exposure sequence through simple quality measures, such as saturation and contrast. However, for the purpose of a hardware-friendly implementation, complex Laplacian and Gaussian pyramid computations are here replaced with simpler operations. The proposed approach is suitable to be integrated within a complete system targeting heterogeneous FPGA SoCs. When implemented within the Xilinx Zynq XC7Z020 chip, it runs 94 Mega pixels per second and occupies just 18493 LUTs, which is at least 25% faster and 35.5% cheaper than state-of-the-art designs.","PeriodicalId":142196,"journal":{"name":"2022 17th Conference on Ph.D Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PRIME)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121672178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-12DOI: 10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816758
Gerardo Saggese, Efstratios Zacharelos, A. Strollo
High-density implantable microelectrode arrays allow to study in-vivo a wide neuron population with the help thousands of integrated electrodes. Such a high electrodes count generates a large amount of data which poses severe challenges in the design of long-term implantable silicon interfaces that rely on a limited power budget and a narrow transmission bandwidth. In such a scenario, reliable spike detectors are needed, as they allow to transmit only the relevant neural information (the neuron action potential) instead of the whole raw recording. Spike detectors based on energy operators provide a good compromise between detection performance and hardware complexity. However, they require a suitable smoothing filter that affects both area occupation and power dissipation. In this paper, we propose a spike detector based on the cascade of two energy operators, without smoothing, and the use of a new simple adaptative threshold calculation. We show that this technique provides good detection metrics compared to previous approaches, for different SNR levels and with several noise models. The proposed system has been synthesized in TSMC 28 nm CMOS technology showing a per-channel area occupation of 0.0021 m$text{m}^{2}$ with a power consumption of 0.15 $mu$W, comparing favorably with the state of art of brain machine silicon interfaces.
{"title":"Low Power Spike Detector for Brain-Silicon Interface using Differential Amplitude Slope Operator","authors":"Gerardo Saggese, Efstratios Zacharelos, A. Strollo","doi":"10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816758","url":null,"abstract":"High-density implantable microelectrode arrays allow to study in-vivo a wide neuron population with the help thousands of integrated electrodes. Such a high electrodes count generates a large amount of data which poses severe challenges in the design of long-term implantable silicon interfaces that rely on a limited power budget and a narrow transmission bandwidth. In such a scenario, reliable spike detectors are needed, as they allow to transmit only the relevant neural information (the neuron action potential) instead of the whole raw recording. Spike detectors based on energy operators provide a good compromise between detection performance and hardware complexity. However, they require a suitable smoothing filter that affects both area occupation and power dissipation. In this paper, we propose a spike detector based on the cascade of two energy operators, without smoothing, and the use of a new simple adaptative threshold calculation. We show that this technique provides good detection metrics compared to previous approaches, for different SNR levels and with several noise models. The proposed system has been synthesized in TSMC 28 nm CMOS technology showing a per-channel area occupation of 0.0021 m$text{m}^{2}$ with a power consumption of 0.15 $mu$W, comparing favorably with the state of art of brain machine silicon interfaces.","PeriodicalId":142196,"journal":{"name":"2022 17th Conference on Ph.D Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PRIME)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125894888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-12DOI: 10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816782
Mohammad Javad Karimi, Yuxuan Zhou, C. Dehollain, A. Schmid
Inductive power transfer (IPT) is a developing technique for wireless power and data communication systems in the application of implanted medical devices (IMDs). Multiple implants are developed to cover large areas and satisfy the clinical requirements of distributed and long-term biological data acquisition or treatment. In this paper, an analysis of wirelessly-powered implants is proposed to efficiently provide the required power to send and receive data from multiple implants to the external unit. The concept of using different operation frequencies for each implant is also presented, while data transmission employs amplitude and load shift keying (ASK and LSK) for forward and backward telemetry, respectively.
{"title":"Simultaneous Wireless Power and Data Transmission Through a Single Inductive Link For Multiple Implantable Medical Devices","authors":"Mohammad Javad Karimi, Yuxuan Zhou, C. Dehollain, A. Schmid","doi":"10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816782","url":null,"abstract":"Inductive power transfer (IPT) is a developing technique for wireless power and data communication systems in the application of implanted medical devices (IMDs). Multiple implants are developed to cover large areas and satisfy the clinical requirements of distributed and long-term biological data acquisition or treatment. In this paper, an analysis of wirelessly-powered implants is proposed to efficiently provide the required power to send and receive data from multiple implants to the external unit. The concept of using different operation frequencies for each implant is also presented, while data transmission employs amplitude and load shift keying (ASK and LSK) for forward and backward telemetry, respectively.","PeriodicalId":142196,"journal":{"name":"2022 17th Conference on Ph.D Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PRIME)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132167277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-12DOI: 10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816783
Riccardo Collu, Cinzia Salis, M. Barbaro
Developments in the field of inductive charging have opened the door to the use of devices without a battery or with a wireless rechargeable battery. Although this aspect is significant in the field of wearable devices, it is even more significant in the field of transcutaneous connections for implanted electronics and batteries that can greatly benefit the safety and comfort of the patient. The performance on the ability to transmit and store energy through an inductive channel can, however, be influenced by various environmental and manufacturing factors, with significant variations on the effective values of the LC resonant pair. In this regard, an automatic tuning mechanism based on a SAR algorithm implemented in 180nm CMOS technology is proposed.
{"title":"An Automatic Tuning System to Improve Near-Field Powering in Implanted Electronics","authors":"Riccardo Collu, Cinzia Salis, M. Barbaro","doi":"10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816783","url":null,"abstract":"Developments in the field of inductive charging have opened the door to the use of devices without a battery or with a wireless rechargeable battery. Although this aspect is significant in the field of wearable devices, it is even more significant in the field of transcutaneous connections for implanted electronics and batteries that can greatly benefit the safety and comfort of the patient. The performance on the ability to transmit and store energy through an inductive channel can, however, be influenced by various environmental and manufacturing factors, with significant variations on the effective values of the LC resonant pair. In this regard, an automatic tuning mechanism based on a SAR algorithm implemented in 180nm CMOS technology is proposed.","PeriodicalId":142196,"journal":{"name":"2022 17th Conference on Ph.D Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PRIME)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115323470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-12DOI: 10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816789
Kunj Himanshu Vora, N. Kordas, K. Seidl
There is an increasing demand for continuous monitoring of biochemical parameters. Such applications require label-free sensing techniques which can be implemented on a variety of substrates. An impedance spectroscopy-based technique, using interdigitated electrodes is described. The electrodes with different geometrical parameters are fabricated by inkjet printing of silver nanoparticles on a flexible polyethylene substrate. The electrodes geometries differ in their metallization ratios. Impedance measurements are performed with DI water to determine the influence of metallization ratio on the electrode capacitance. From these results, the electrode that offers the highest capacitance is further characterized by measurements with ethanol-water mixtures. The results show that there is a decrease in capacitance of 0.1 pF per % increase of ethanol concentration. This is due to the decrease in permittivity as the ethanol concentration increases. The sensor is sensitive to the changing permittivity values. Therefore, an impedance-based, label-free, sensor concept on flexible substrate has been implemented.
{"title":"Optimization and characterization of inkjet printed interdigitated electrode geometries for impedance measurements","authors":"Kunj Himanshu Vora, N. Kordas, K. Seidl","doi":"10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816789","url":null,"abstract":"There is an increasing demand for continuous monitoring of biochemical parameters. Such applications require label-free sensing techniques which can be implemented on a variety of substrates. An impedance spectroscopy-based technique, using interdigitated electrodes is described. The electrodes with different geometrical parameters are fabricated by inkjet printing of silver nanoparticles on a flexible polyethylene substrate. The electrodes geometries differ in their metallization ratios. Impedance measurements are performed with DI water to determine the influence of metallization ratio on the electrode capacitance. From these results, the electrode that offers the highest capacitance is further characterized by measurements with ethanol-water mixtures. The results show that there is a decrease in capacitance of 0.1 pF per % increase of ethanol concentration. This is due to the decrease in permittivity as the ethanol concentration increases. The sensor is sensitive to the changing permittivity values. Therefore, an impedance-based, label-free, sensor concept on flexible substrate has been implemented.","PeriodicalId":142196,"journal":{"name":"2022 17th Conference on Ph.D Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PRIME)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124140773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-12DOI: 10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816777
Hendrik M. Lehmann, Julian Hille, Cyprian Grassmann, V. Issakov
Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are a widespread research topic, as they are a promising solution for efficient and low-energy signal processing. The advantage in energy consumption of SNN algorithms pre-developed in software is obtained by their transfer to neural application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs). The neurons and synapses that are used on algorithm level have to be mapped by special circuits on the hardware level. One of the most widely used neuron models due to its low computational complexity and high biological inspiration is the leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) neuron. In this paper, a modification of an energy-efficient LIF neuron is presented with a novel method to use a refractory period (RP) to generate invariant output spikes. By modifying the RP mechanism, the controllability and stability of entire SNN systems on the circuit level can be significantly improved. Due to the low energy of 1.4 pJ / spike and the invariance of these, it becomes easier to predict the total energy consumption of a large-scale SNN. The concept is verified in measurement by fabricating the circuit in a 130 nm BiCMOS process.
{"title":"Leaky Integrate-and-Fire Neuron with a Refractory Period Mechanism for Invariant Spikes","authors":"Hendrik M. Lehmann, Julian Hille, Cyprian Grassmann, V. Issakov","doi":"10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816777","url":null,"abstract":"Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are a widespread research topic, as they are a promising solution for efficient and low-energy signal processing. The advantage in energy consumption of SNN algorithms pre-developed in software is obtained by their transfer to neural application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs). The neurons and synapses that are used on algorithm level have to be mapped by special circuits on the hardware level. One of the most widely used neuron models due to its low computational complexity and high biological inspiration is the leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) neuron. In this paper, a modification of an energy-efficient LIF neuron is presented with a novel method to use a refractory period (RP) to generate invariant output spikes. By modifying the RP mechanism, the controllability and stability of entire SNN systems on the circuit level can be significantly improved. Due to the low energy of 1.4 pJ / spike and the invariance of these, it becomes easier to predict the total energy consumption of a large-scale SNN. The concept is verified in measurement by fabricating the circuit in a 130 nm BiCMOS process.","PeriodicalId":142196,"journal":{"name":"2022 17th Conference on Ph.D Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PRIME)","volume":"78 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114135038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-12DOI: 10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816749
W. Matthews, S. Collins
The process used to detect individual photons in passively quenched Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) creates a nonlinear response. A model is presented to show this nonlinearity is an unavoidable consequence of microcells recharging after a detection. However, results are presented which show the nonlinearity is increased by the inclusion of an anode readout resistor. Removal of this resistor improves ambient light performance of communication links by a factor of 1.9 under 300 $mathrm{mWm}^{-2}$ of total 405 nm irradiance.
{"title":"The negative impact of anode resistance on SiPMs as VLC receivers","authors":"W. Matthews, S. Collins","doi":"10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816749","url":null,"abstract":"The process used to detect individual photons in passively quenched Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) creates a nonlinear response. A model is presented to show this nonlinearity is an unavoidable consequence of microcells recharging after a detection. However, results are presented which show the nonlinearity is increased by the inclusion of an anode readout resistor. Removal of this resistor improves ambient light performance of communication links by a factor of 1.9 under 300 $mathrm{mWm}^{-2}$ of total 405 nm irradiance.","PeriodicalId":142196,"journal":{"name":"2022 17th Conference on Ph.D Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PRIME)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127712452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-12DOI: 10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816817
Riccardo Collu, A. Mascia, A. Spanu, M. Fraschini, P. Cosseddu, M. Barbaro
The past decade has been characterized by an impressive surge of wearable electronics devices for biopotential recording applications. Due to its important potential impact, the recording of EEG (electroencephalography) signals recently raised considerable interest within this new paradigm of human-electronics interfacing. Ideally, this application would require minimally-invasive wearable acquisition devices and highly comfortable recording electrodes, two important and complex features that have not been completely resolved. The main problems concerning the implementation of a wearable electronic system for EEG recordings are thus related, on one hand, to the processing/acquisition electronic board and, on the other hand, to the employed acquisition electrodes and their contact with the skin. In particular, the readout electronics for this application should be low-power and possibly easy to integrate in a wearable system, while the electrodes should be as imperceptible as possible, thus allowing comfortable long-term acquisitions. With the intent of providing an efficient solution to both issues, we propose a a very low size and weight (13x15x2cm, 46g), low power, with estimated battery duration of 28h, wearable electronic system for EEG monitoring that has been preliminary validated by the means of ultra-conformable epidermal electrodes.
{"title":"A wearable electronic system for EEG recording","authors":"Riccardo Collu, A. Mascia, A. Spanu, M. Fraschini, P. Cosseddu, M. Barbaro","doi":"10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816817","url":null,"abstract":"The past decade has been characterized by an impressive surge of wearable electronics devices for biopotential recording applications. Due to its important potential impact, the recording of EEG (electroencephalography) signals recently raised considerable interest within this new paradigm of human-electronics interfacing. Ideally, this application would require minimally-invasive wearable acquisition devices and highly comfortable recording electrodes, two important and complex features that have not been completely resolved. The main problems concerning the implementation of a wearable electronic system for EEG recordings are thus related, on one hand, to the processing/acquisition electronic board and, on the other hand, to the employed acquisition electrodes and their contact with the skin. In particular, the readout electronics for this application should be low-power and possibly easy to integrate in a wearable system, while the electrodes should be as imperceptible as possible, thus allowing comfortable long-term acquisitions. With the intent of providing an efficient solution to both issues, we propose a a very low size and weight (13x15x2cm, 46g), low power, with estimated battery duration of 28h, wearable electronic system for EEG monitoring that has been preliminary validated by the means of ultra-conformable epidermal electrodes.","PeriodicalId":142196,"journal":{"name":"2022 17th Conference on Ph.D Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PRIME)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129456693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-12DOI: 10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816769
Umberto Ferlito, Angela Cisto, Luigi Ferro, G. Bruno, A. D. Grasso
Planar capacitive transducers represent a widespread approach in various sensors since they are amenable to be integrated onto the same die of the electronic front end. The conventional interdigital topology is usually adopted due to its inherent simplicity and modularity. In this paper we explore unconventional topologies of planar capacitive transducers in order to optimize capacitance variation in a fully-integrated CMOS capacitive airborne particulate matter detector. Simulations shows that the circular concentrical topology exhibits the best performance for PM10 detection irrespectively of the particle distance.
{"title":"Planar Capacitive Transducers for a Miniaturized Particulate Matter Detector","authors":"Umberto Ferlito, Angela Cisto, Luigi Ferro, G. Bruno, A. D. Grasso","doi":"10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816769","url":null,"abstract":"Planar capacitive transducers represent a widespread approach in various sensors since they are amenable to be integrated onto the same die of the electronic front end. The conventional interdigital topology is usually adopted due to its inherent simplicity and modularity. In this paper we explore unconventional topologies of planar capacitive transducers in order to optimize capacitance variation in a fully-integrated CMOS capacitive airborne particulate matter detector. Simulations shows that the circular concentrical topology exhibits the best performance for PM10 detection irrespectively of the particle distance.","PeriodicalId":142196,"journal":{"name":"2022 17th Conference on Ph.D Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PRIME)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127189488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-12DOI: 10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816786
Mihaela-Daniela Dobre, P. Coll, G. Brezeanu
A study about Electrostatic Discharge-Charge Device Model (ESD-CDM) phenomena met in cross-power domain architectures is presented in this paper. The emphasis will be on the limitations of a protection method based on Grounded Gate nMOS (ggnMOS) device with different geometries in an advanced technology node. The considered CDM stress levels varied from 500V up to 2000V. The investigation is based on a test-chip implementation with all the designed architectures. For the recommended 500V CDM stress, a good protection is offered by a ggnMOS structure with channel length increased with at least 50% of the minimum value, in combination with any width in range of 120nm-1$mu$m.
{"title":"A Study on ESD-CDM Cross-Power Domain Failures","authors":"Mihaela-Daniela Dobre, P. Coll, G. Brezeanu","doi":"10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/prime55000.2022.9816786","url":null,"abstract":"A study about Electrostatic Discharge-Charge Device Model (ESD-CDM) phenomena met in cross-power domain architectures is presented in this paper. The emphasis will be on the limitations of a protection method based on Grounded Gate nMOS (ggnMOS) device with different geometries in an advanced technology node. The considered CDM stress levels varied from 500V up to 2000V. The investigation is based on a test-chip implementation with all the designed architectures. For the recommended 500V CDM stress, a good protection is offered by a ggnMOS structure with channel length increased with at least 50% of the minimum value, in combination with any width in range of 120nm-1$mu$m.","PeriodicalId":142196,"journal":{"name":"2022 17th Conference on Ph.D Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PRIME)","volume":"31 21","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120822676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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